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Marpol Annex I: Regulations For The Prevention of Pollution by Oil
Marpol Annex I: Regulations For The Prevention of Pollution by Oil
1. 2.
MARPOL Annex I
i. ii. Regulations and Chapters Fundamentals
1. Operation 2. Construction
1. MARPOL
Torrey Canyon 1967
1959 US built, 60,000 dwt, , Li. flagged Jumboised to 120,000 dwt Cargo 120,000 ts of BP oil for Milford Haven Navigational error caused grounding ripping open 6 tanks 31,000,000 gallons of oil leaked Oil spread along the sea between England and France
1. MARPOL
Amoco Cadiz 1978
1974 built Amoco Cadiz carrying 227,000 tonnes of crude oil ran aground off the coast of Brittany, France at 10:00 p.m. on March 16, 1978 The whole cargo spilled out as the breakers spilt the vessel in two, progressively polluting 360 km of shoreline At the time this was the largest oil spill by tanker ever registered.
1. MARPOL
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
as amended by the 1978 Protocol (MARPOL 73/78)
Just Oil
1. MARPOL
Not just Oil
MARPOL Annexes I VI
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships Regulations for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships
1. MARPOL
MARPOL Implementation
1967 Torrey Canyon 1973-1978 Amoco Cadiz et al. MARPOL 73 and the Protocol 78 MARPOL enters into force October 1983
Annex I and II - 1983 Annex III 1992 Annex V 1988 Annex IV 2003 Annex VI - 2005
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3 4 5 6 7
6-11
12-17 18-36 37 38 39
Surveys and certification: Flag administration and Port State Control (PSC)
Machinery space: Construction, discharge control and equipment (all ship types) Cargo areas: Construction, discharge control and equipment (oil tankers) Shipboard oil pollution emergency plan (SOPEP) Reception facilities FPSOs and FSUs
Ship must be en route Oily mixture must have been processed through the oil filtering equipment Oil content of the mixture does not exceed 15 parts per million (ppm) Oily mixture is not mixed with cargo residues (see later)
technical reasons in relation to oceanographic and ecological condition and to the particular character of its trafficspecial mandatory methods for the prevention of sea pollution by [oil] is required.
And as such there shall be NO discharge whatsoever of cargo residues/slops from oil tankers
IMO amendments to MARPOL 73/78 (adopted 3/1992, entry into force 7/1993)
Newbuildings to be double-hulls Single-hulls to be sbt/pl or hbl from 25 years with phase-out at 30 years old or by 2015
BUT Flag state may allow newer single-hulls to continue to 25 years (subject to CAS) HOWEVER Port state can deny such extended single-hull tankers from entering its ports
IMO amendments to MARPOL 73/78 (adopted 12/2003, entry into force 5/4/2005)
13G Category 1 phase-out up to 2005 Categories 2&3 phase-out up to 2010 CAS required for Categories 2&3 over 15 years old
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12
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14 20
20
20
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20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
15
80 78 94 40
49
41
% dwt share*: DH
74 77
60
SH/DB/DS
20 22 0 6
51
59
67
68
71
End 10*
End 02
End 03
End 04
End 05
End 06
End 07
1991
1997
* Assumes phase out according to regulations (rounded upw ards, 25 years after 2010 .
Certification
Surveys
Special Surveys (Enhanced Special Survey) Condition Assessment Scheme (CAS)
CAS (Applies to oil tankers of 5,000 dwt and above) CAS will be performed at intervals of up to 5 years and 6 months First CAS to be undertaken at first renewal (ie special) survey or intermediate survey after 5/4/05 of every tanker which has reached its fifteenth year CAS is to be harmonised with ESP
Crude Oil Washing (COW) Fuel tank protection all ships 2010 Pump room protection double bottom in tankers after 1/1/2007 Oil outflow performance in case of accident collision or grounding
b.
c.
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