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Fundamentals of Drawing
Fundamentals of Drawing
Fundamentals of Drawing
Release 2001 T782-320-01
Copyright
Fundamentals of Drawing
Copyright 2001 Parametric Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved. This Fundamentals of Drawing Training Guide may not be copied, reproduced, disclosed, transferred, or reduced to any form, including electronic medium or machine-readable form, or transmitted or publicly performed by any means, electronic or otherwise, unless Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) consents in writing in advance. User and training documentation from Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) is subject to the copyright laws of the United States and other countries and is provided under a license agreement that restricts copying, disclosure, and use of such documentation. PTC hereby grants to the licensed user the right to make copies in printed form of this documentation if provided on software media, but only for internal/personal use and in accordance with the license agreement under which the applicable software is licensed. Any copy made shall include the PTC copyright notice and any other proprietary notice provided by PTC. This documentation may not be disclosed, transferred, modified, or reduced to any form, including electronic media, or transmitted or made publicly available by any means without the prior written consent of PTC and no authorization is granted to make copies for such purposes. Information described herein is furnished for general information only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a warranty or commitment by PTC. PTC assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document. The software described in this document is provided under written license agreement, contains valuable trade secrets and proprietary information, and is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and other countries. UNAUTHORIZED USE OF SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION CAN RESULT IN CIVIL DAMAGES AND CRIMINAL PROSECUTION. Registered Trademarks of Parametric Technology Corporation or a Subsidiary: Advanced Surface Design, CADDS, CADDShade, Computervision, Computervision Services, Electronic Product Definition, EPD, HARNESSDESIGN, Info*Engine, InPart, MEDUSA, Optegra, Parametric Technology, Parametric Technology Corporation, Pro/ENGINEER, Pro/HELP, Pro/INTRALINK, Pro/MECHANICA, Pro/TOOLKIT, PTC, PT/Products, Windchill, and the InPart logo. Trademarks of Parametric Technology Corporation or a Subsidiary 3DPAINT, Associative Topology Bus, Behavioral Modeler, BOMBOT, CDRS, CounterPart, CV, CVact, CVaec, CVdesign, CV-DORS, CVMAC, CVNC, CVToolmaker, DesignSuite, DIMENSION III, DIVISION, DVS, DVSAFEWORK, EDE, e/ENGINEER, Electrical Design Entry, e-Series, Expert Machinist, Expert Toolmaker, Flexible Engineering, ICEM, Import Data Doctor, Information for Innovation, i-Series, ISSM, MEDEA, ModelCHECK, NC Builder, Nitidus, PARTBOT, PartSpeak, Pro/ANIMATE, Pro/ASSEMBLY, Pro/CABLING, Pro/CASTING, Pro/CDT, Pro/CMM, Pro/COMPOSITE, Pro/CONVERT, Pro/DATA for PDGS, Pro/DESIGNER, Pro/DESKTOP, Pro/DETAIL, Pro/DIAGRAM, Pro/DIEFACE, Pro/DRAW, Pro/ECAD, Pro/ENGINE, Pro/FEATURE, Pro/FEM-POST, Pro/FLY-THROUGH, Pro/HARNESS-MFG, Pro/INTERFACE, Pro/LANGUAGE, Pro/LEGACY, Pro/LIBRARYACCESS, Pro/MESH, Pro/Model.View, Pro/MOLDESIGN,Pro/NC-ADVANCED, Pro/NC-CHECK, Pro/NC-MILL, Pro/NCPOST, Pro/NC-SHEETMETAL, Pro/NC-TURN, Pro/NC-WEDM, Pro/NC-Wire EDM, Pro/NETWORK ANIMATOR, Pro/NOTEBOOK, Pro/PDM, Pro/PHOTORENDER, Pro/PHOTORENDER TEXTURE LIBRARY, Pro/PIPING, Pro/PLASTIC ADVISOR, Pro/PLOT, Pro/POWER DESIGN, Pro/PROCESS, Pro/REPORT, Pro/REVIEW, Pro/SCAN-TOOLS, Pro/SHEETMETAL, Pro/SURFACE, Pro/VERIFY, Pro/Web.Link, Pro/Web.Publish, Pro/WELDING, Product Structure Navigator, PTC i-Series, Shaping Innovation, Shrinkwrap, The Product Development Company, Virtual Design Environment, Windchill e-Catalog, Windchill e-Series, Windchill ProjectLink, CV-Computervision logo, DIVISION logo, and ICEM logo.
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Description
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Training Agenda
Fundamentals of Drawing
Day 1
Welcome and Introduction to Fundamentals of Drawing Creating Views Assembly and Multiple Model Drawings Modifying Views
Day 2
Showing Dimensions and Manipulating Detail Creating Dimensions Creating Notes Tolerances on Drawings
Day 3
Drawing Tables Cosmetic Features 2-D Drafting Symbols Using Layers to Control Drawing Display
Day Four
Resolving Regeneration Problems Drawing Formats Creating a Bill of Materials Family Tables
Day 5
Working with Large Drawings Drawing Standards and Templates Plotting Markup Mode
Table of Contents
Fundamentals of Drawing
INTRODUCTION 1-1
PRODUCTION DRAWINGS IN PRO/ENGINEER .........................................................1-2
Using Drawing Templates ..........................................................................1-2 Using Configuration Files ..........................................................................1-3 Files Automatically Loaded by the System ................................................1-5 Editing the Configuration File during a Pro/ENGINEER Session.............1-5 Using Drawing Setup Files.........................................................................1-6
DRAWING INTERFACE ..................................................................................................1-7
EXERCISE 1: Setting Up for Detailing Using a Configuration file ........1-12 EXERCISE 2: Create a Drawing Using a Template ................................1-14 EXERCISE 3: Set Up a Default Drawing Setup File ...............................1-17
MODULE SUMMARY....................................................................................................1-19
CREATING VIEWS
2-1
VIEW CREATION.............................................................................................................2-2
Creating Different View Types ..................................................................2-2 Controlling the View Display.....................................................................2-5 Adding Cross-Sections ...............................................................................2-6 Specifying the View Scale..........................................................................2-8
CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS ................................................................................2-8 DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS.................................................................................2-9 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ........................................................................................2-13
EXERCISE 1: Creating a Drawing of the Plunger...................................2-13 EXERCISE 2: Create an Align Cross-Section .........................................2-22
MODULE SUMMARY....................................................................................................2-26
3-1
ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS.................................................................................................3-2
MODIFYING VIEWS
4-1
Using Hidden Line and Tangent Line Display........................................... 4-5 Removing Views ........................................................................................ 4-6 Modifying the View Scale.......................................................................... 4-6 Modifying View Boundaries, Callouts, and the Reference Point .............. 4-6 Changing a Cross-Section .......................................................................... 4-9 Modifying Assembly Views..................................................................... 4-10 Creating Exploded Views......................................................................... 4-13 Changing View Type ............................................................................... 4-14
CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS.............................................................................. 4-15
EXERCISE 1: Manipulating Views......................................................... 4-19 EXERCISE 2: Altering the Display of Views ......................................... 4-25 EXERCISE 3: Modifying Assembly and Multi-Model Drawing ............ 4-28
MODULE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 4-36
SHOWING DIMENSIONS
5-1
EXERCISE 1: Displaying Dimensions .................................................... 5-19 EXERCISE 2: Displaying Axes............................................................... 5-29 EXERCISE 3: Displaying Symbolic Dimensions.................................... 5-31 EXERCISE 4: Displaying Dual Dimensions ........................................... 5-36
MODULE SUMMARY....................................................................................................5-41
CREATING DIMENSIONS
6-1
Creating Driven Ordinate Dimensions .......................................................6-2 Creating Reference Dimensions .................................................................6-3 Redefining Features in Drawing.................................................................6-3 Creating Draft Dimensions .........................................................................6-4 Hole Tables.................................................................................................6-4
CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS ................................................................................6-5 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ..........................................................................................6-7
EXERCISE 1: Creating Dimensions on a Drawing ...................................6-8 EXERCISE 2: Modifying the Dimensioning Scheme..............................6-13 EXERCISE 3: Create Ordinate Dimension Automatically and Create a Hole Table ................................................................................................6-16
MODULE SUMMARY....................................................................................................6-19
CREATING NOTES
7-1
Specifying the Content of a Note................................................................7-2 Manipulating Notes ....................................................................................7-3 Saving Notes...............................................................................................7-6 Modifying the Text Style............................................................................7-6 Creating Style Libraries..............................................................................7-8
INSERTING OLE OBJECTS.............................................................................................7-8
EXERCISE 1: Creating Notes on a Drawing ...........................................7-12 EXERCISE 2: Creating Parametric Notes................................................7-17 EXERCISE 3: Manipulating the Note and Inserted Objects ....................7-19
MODULE SUMMARY....................................................................................................7-21
TOLERANCES ON DRAWINGS
8-1
LINEAR TOLERANCES...................................................................................................8-2
Tolerance Standard .....................................................................................8-2 Specify Dimension Tolerances before Model Creation..............................8-2 Displaying Dimension Tolerances..............................................................8-3
Creating a Geometric Tolerance ................................................................ 8-4 Geometric Tolerances in Assembly Drawings........................................... 8-7 Modifying a Geometric Tolerance ............................................................. 8-7
CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS................................................................................ 8-7 DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS ................................................................................ 8-9 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ....................................................................................... 8-10
DRAWING TABLES
9-1
Creating a Drawing Table .......................................................................... 9-2 Setting the Justification for Each Column.................................................. 9-3 Adding Text to the Cells ............................................................................ 9-4 Manipulating a Drawing Table .................................................................. 9-5 Repositioning Drawing Tables................................................................... 9-7
LABORATORY PRACTICAL ......................................................................................... 9-8
EXERCISE 1: Creating and Modifying a Drawing Table ......................... 9-8 EXERCISE 2: Manipulate an Embedded Excel Spreadsheet and Movie Object ....................................................................................................... 9-15
MODULE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... 9-17
COSMETIC FEATURES
10-1
Working with Regular Sections ............................................................... 10-2 Working with Projected Sections............................................................. 10-2 Showing Cosmetic Sketches on a Drawing.............................................. 10-3
COSMETIC THREADS .................................................................................................. 10-3
Creating Cosmetic Threads ...................................................................... 10-3 Displaying Cosmetic Threads and Parameters on a Drawing .................. 10-5 Changing the Format of a Thread Note.................................................... 10-6
USER-DEFINED FEATURES ........................................................................................ 10-7
Creating a UDF ........................................................................................ 10-8 Placing a UDF ........................................................................................ 10-11 Summary of Technique for Creating Cosmetic Threads UDF............... 10-13 Creating Cosmetic Threads using Standard Hole .................................. 10-13
LABORATORY PRACTICAL ..................................................................................... 10-15
EXERCISE 2: Creating Cosmetic Threads ............................................10-18 EXERCISE 3: Using UDF to Standardize a Thread Note......................10-22 EXERCISE 3: Cosmetic Threads Using Standard Holes .......................10-27
MODULE SUMMARY..................................................................................................10-30
2-D DRAFTING
11-1
2-D Drafting Applications ........................................................................11-2 Types Draft Geometry ..............................................................................11-2 Locating Draft Geometry..........................................................................11-3 Manipulating Draft Geometry ..................................................................11-5 Modifying Draft Geometry.......................................................................11-6
DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS...............................................................................11-7 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ........................................................................................11-8
SYMBOLS
12-1 Creating Symbol Geometry ......................................................................12-2 Adding Text to a Symbol..........................................................................12-2 Grouping Symbol Geometry.....................................................................12-3 Controlling Symbols.................................................................................12-4 Storing Symbols .......................................................................................12-5
Defining the Relationship between the Symbol Instance and Original Symbol......................................................................................................12-7 Changing Variable Text Values in a Symbol Instance.............................12-7 Selecting Groups to Include in the Instance .............................................12-8
REDEFINING EXISTING SYMBOLS ...........................................................................12-9
EXERCISE 1: Creating a Symbol with Variable Text...........................12-12 EXERCISE 2: Creating Symbol Groups ................................................12-18
MODULE SUMMARY..................................................................................................12-24
13-1
Setting up Default Layers in Drawing...................................................... 13-2 Creating a Layer Manually in a Drawing................................................. 13-5 Specifying the Display of a Layer............................................................ 13-6 Controlling Layer Display in the Drawing............................................... 13-7
DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS .............................................................................. 13-8 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ....................................................................................... 13-9
14-1
Identifying the Failed Feature .................................................................. 14-2 Determining the Cause of the Failure ...................................................... 14-3 Fixing the Failure ..................................................................................... 14-4 Tips on Resolving Regeneration Failures ................................................ 14-5
LABORATORY PRACTICAL ....................................................................................... 14-6
DRAWING FORMATS
15-1
Importing a Format from Another System............................................... 15-2 Creating a Format with 2-D Drafting....................................................... 15-3 Creating a Format in Sketcher Mode ....................................................... 15-4
ADDING INFORMATION TO A FORMAT ................................................................. 15-4
16-1
Generating a BOM Report ....................................................................... 16-2 Manipulating a BOM Report.................................................................... 16-4 Using Repeat Region Relations................................................................ 16-7 Calculating a Total Cost........................................................................... 16-8
FAMILY TABLES
17-1
Creating the Generic Part..........................................................................17-2 Specifying Items for the Table to Drive ...................................................17-3 Creating New Instances ............................................................................17-3 Verifying the Validity of the Model Instances .........................................17-5
USING FAMILY TABLES IN DRAWING MODE........................................................17-5
Creating a Parts Catalog ...........................................................................17-5 Creating a Separate Drawing for Each Instance .......................................17-8
DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS.............................................................................17-11 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ......................................................................................17-12
EXERCISE 1: Creating a Family Table .................................................17-12 EXERCISE 2: Showing Family Tables on a Drawing ...........................17-18 EXERCISE 3: Creating Separate Drawings for Each Instance ..............17-21
MODULE SUMMARY..................................................................................................17-22
18-1
Reducing the Repaint Time ......................................................................18-3 Reducing Drawing View Regeneration Time...........................................18-4 Reducing Drawing Retrieval Time...........................................................18-8 Implementing the Large Drawing Configuration File Settings ................18-8 Drawing Rep Tool ....................................................................................18-9 Merging Drawings ..................................................................................18-10 Model Simplification..............................................................................18-11
LABORATORY PRACTICAL ......................................................................................18-14
EXERCISE 2: Creating Simplified Representations ............................. 18-19 EXERCISE 3: Merging Two Drawings into One .................................. 18-21 EXERCISE 4: Create a Drawings Rep .................................................. 18-23
MODULE SUMMARY ................................................................................................. 18-25
19-1
Setting up Your Configuration File.......................................................... 19-2 Setting up Your Drawing Setup File ........................................................ 19-2
CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS.............................................................................. 19-4 DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS .............................................................................. 19-5 CREATING DRAWING TEMPLATES ......................................................................... 19-9
Model Requirements .............................................................................. 19-10 Template View Definition...................................................................... 19-10 Dimension and Balloon Priority............................................................. 19-11 View Symbol.......................................................................................... 19-11
LABORATORY PRACTICAL ..................................................................................... 19-12
EXERCISE 1: Setting Drawing Standards through the Drawing Setup File.......................................................................................................... 19-12 EXERCISE 2: Creating Drawing Templates ......................................... 19-16
MODULE SUMMARY ................................................................................................. 19-25
PLOTTING
PLOTTING INTERACTIVELY...................................................................................... 20-2 Plotting Using the Pro/BATCH Utility ............................................................................ 20-6
MARKUP MODEL
21-1
Creating a Markup.................................................................................... 21-2 Saving and Viewing a Markup................................................................. 21-3 Retrieving Markups.................................................................................. 21-3
OVERLAYS .................................................................................................................... 21-4 LABORATORY PRACTICAL ....................................................................................... 21-5
A-1
Using Configuration File Options ............................................................. A-2 Using Drawing Setup File (.dtl) Options................................................... A-3
TOLERANCE TABLES....................................................................................................A-5
EXERCISE 1: Creating a Drawing in Accordance with the ISO Standard ..................................................................................................... A-9
MODULE SUMMARY...................................................................................................A-22
B-1
Launching Help: Four Methods................................................................. B-2 There are four procedures for launching the help system.......................... B-2
PTC HELP MODULE LIST..............................................................................................B-7
C-1
FINDING THE TECHNICAL SUPPORT WEB PAGE...................................................C-2 OPENING TECHNICAL SUPPORT CALLS ..................................................................C-2
Opening Technical Support Calls via E-mail ............................................ C-2 Opening Technical Support Calls via Telephone ...................................... C-3 Opening Technical Support Calls via the Web ......................................... C-3 Sending Data Files to PTC Technical Support .......................................... C-3 Routing Your Technical Support Calls ..................................................... C-4 Assigning Technical Support Call Priorities ............................................. C-5 Software Performance Report Priorities.................................................... C-5
REGISTERING FOR ON-LINE SUPPORT.....................................................................C-5 ONLINE SERVICES.........................................................................................................C-5 ONLINE SERVICES.........................................................................................................C-6 FINDING SOLUTIONS IN THE KNOWLEDGE BASE ................................................C-6
INDEX.I-1
Module
1
Introduction
In this module, you learn how to use configuration and drawing setup files to change various characteristics of the drawing. You also learn how to automate the drawing creation process using templates.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create and modify configuration and drawing setup files. Use an existing drawing template.
Page 1-1
NOTES
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NOTES
There are default templates provided by the system. Customized drawing templates can also be created. These drawing templates will typically be created and maintained by a system administrator. The creation of drawing templates will be discussed in a later chapter. Once these templates are created, they can be used during drawing creation.
Introduction
Pag e 1- 3
NOTES
Some configuration file options are not retroactive. For example, you can use the configuration file options to define the value and the format of the dimensional tolerances when you create the model. However you can not use the same technique to change the value and the format of the dimensional tolerances already exist in a model and its drawing. So it is very important to customize the configuration files in advance. The following table lists some of the configuration file options that affect the appearance of a drawing. For a complete listing of the configuration file options available in Pro/ENGINEER, refer to PTC HELP.
Table 1: Configuration File Options Affecting Drawings
Option
drawing_file_editor drawing_setup_file
Value
editor protab filename.dtl
Description
Sets the editor that you can use to edit drawing setup files (.dtl). Points the system to the file containing drawing setup parameters. All new drawings use this file as the default setup file. Makes the model (part, or assembly) read-only in a drawing. If set to yes, the system defines the current draft coordinate values as model units rather than drawing units. Controls the default option from the PICK MANY menu. If set to yes, the default is Across Box . If set to no, the default is Inside Box . Sets up macros, allowing you execute a set of commands using an established key sequence. Specifies the directory in which the system should store drawing setup files. If you do not set it, the system uses the default setup directory. Controls whether the system copies associated drawings automatically with parts and assemblies.
pro_dtl_setup_dir
directory path
rename_drawings_with_ object
save_objects
Controls whether the system stores an object and its dependent objects (such as a part used in an assembly).
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NOTES
(the directory in which you install Pro/ENGINEER) The system administrator also manages this file to set global search paths to library directories. Other configuration files can override the options in this file.
Config.pro in the loadpoint/text directory Config.pro in the your home directory This file is located in your home directory. If the system encounters an option in this file that is the same as one in the loadpoint config.pro file, it uses this option, overriding the option in the other file. Config.pro in the current directory
This file is located in the directory from which you launched Pro/ENGINEER. If the system encounters an option in this file that is the same as one in the loadpoint config.pro directory or the home directory config.pro, it uses this option, overriding the others. Note:
If you do not set an option in any of these configuration files, the system uses the default value for that option.
Introduction
Pag e 1- 5
NOTES
Global Considerations
Keep in mind that configuration file options impact your model globally that is, they affect the model in all modes of Pro/ENGINEER and they affect every associated drawing. To control the appearance of an individual drawing, you can modify your drawing setup file.
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NOTES
DRAWING INTERFACE
Drawing mode interface is similar to that of part mode and assembly mode.
Performing Tasks
Drawing mode provides multiple ways of performing tasks. Depending on the type of the task, you can use DRAWING menu, pull-down menus, popup menu, icons or even the MODEL TREE.
Drawing Menu
The DRAWING menu is located to the right of the graphic pane. It is also known as side menu or MENU MANAGER. You can access commands to perform tasks such as, view creation, table creation, drawing setup etc.
Pull-Down Menu
The pull-down menus are located on the top of the graphic pane. You can use them to perform tasks that are available in other modes of Pro/ENGINEER. You can also use them to perform various drawing specific tasks such as, inserting and editing detail items, changing the format of detail items etc.
Introduction
Pag e 1- 7
NOTES
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NOTES
Icons
Icons are short cuts for commands located in MENU MANAGER and pulldown menus. Using icons located on the top and right side of the graphic pane, you can perform various drawing tasks. You can also add the system defined icons, create mapkeys and assign icons to mapkeys just like in other modes of Pro/ENGINEER.
Table 2: Drawing icons
Icon
Description
Set active drawing model icon. Move and align several objects. Delete one or more drawing objects. Clean up dimensions in one or more views. Switch one or more detail items to another view. Change sheet. Enable sketching chain. Remember parametric sketching references. Select. Create lines. Create circles and ellipses. Create arcs. Create a fillet. Create a spline curve. Create a point. Create a chamfer.
Pop-up Menu
A quick and easy way to perform a task is to use the pop-up menu. To access the pop-up menu, you need to go through the following steps: Click [Select] icon.
Select the object using left mouse button. To select multiple objects, press and hold < Shift > key. Press and hold the right mouse button to access a pop-up menu.
Introduction
Pag e 1- 9
NOTES
Right mouse button is object sensitive. Depending on the type of selected object, a specific set of commands will be enabled. The following figure contains examples of object specific commands for views and dimensions.
Model Tree
You can use the Model Tree to perform drafting selections and contextsensitive actions such as showing dimensions.
Messages
Just like other using modes of Pro/ENGINEER, it is important to read messages in drawing mode. When performing tasks such as showing axis by view, and inserting note with leaders, the messages will guide you through the process. By default, the message area is located on top of the graphic pane and below the icons.
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NOTES
Table 3: Drawing Setup File Options Option drawing_units Value inch foot mm cm m drawing_text_height 0.15625 value Specifies the default text height for all text in the drawing using the units set by the configuration file option drawing_units. Specifies the default thickness for new text. Specifies the default ratio between the text width and the text height. The system maintains this ratio until you change the width using the Text Width option. Description Specifies the units for all drawing parameters.
text_thickness text_width_factor
Introduction
Pag e 1- 11
NOTES
LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To customize Pro/ENGINEER by creating a configuration and drawing setup file.
Method
In first exercise, a configuration file is created in the current working directory. In second exercise, drawing templates are used to automate the drawing creation process. In second exercise, a drawing setup file is created and the default values for options are modified.
1. Change the working directory to FUND_DRAW_320. Click File > Set Working Directory > FUND_DRAW_320 > OK . 2. Create a default configuration file for the current session. Click Utilities > Options . The OPTIONS dialog box appears on the screen. 3. In the OPTION input box of the OPTIONS dialog box, begin entering the first option listed in the table below. The system will complete the option. Select the VALUE from the drop down list. Click Add/Change . Do the same for each option.
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NOTES
Table 4: Configuration File Options Option bell display highlight_new_dims parenthesize_ref_dim Value NO HIDDENVIS YES YES
4. Apply the changes and save the configuration file to a new name. Click Apply , followed by as the name and click OK . [Save as ]. Enter [ my_config ]
Introduction
Pag e 1- 13
NOTES
1. Click File > New > Drawing . 2. Enter [X123456] for the name and click OK . Ensure the Use Default Template checkbox is checked. You will need to browse for both the Default Model and template. 3. Click the Browse button to locate the Default Model and Template. Make sure the NEW DRAWING dialog box options are selected as shown in the following figure. The model and the template are both stored in your current directory.
Pag e 1 - 1 4
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NOTES
4. Click OK . The drawing should look like the following figure. 5. Save the drawing.
Introduction
Pag e 1- 15
NOTES
Note:
The template specified the following actions to take place automatically: - Place four views - Set the scale of all views to .500 - Set the display of the isometric view to No Hidden - Set the display of the planar views to Hidden Line - Place a standard note on the drawing - Create snap lines offset a predefined distance from the views - Show the dimensions for the model with a view location priority of FRONT, RIGHT and TOP. -Locate the dimensions on the snap lines
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NOTES
3. Save the changes to the file. Click type [my_dtl ]and click OK . 4. Click OK from the OPTIONS dialog box.
5. Zoom-in to view the changes to the arrowhead styles. Task 2. Add an option to the configuration file so that the system always loads the drawing setup file that you just created for all new drawings.
1.
[Open], select
Introduction
Pag e 1- 17
NOTES
3. For option, type [drawing_setup_file] click Browse , select MY_DTL.DTL, and click Open . Click Add/Change . 4. Click OK to close the OPTIONS dialog box. 5. Close the current window. Click Window > Close .
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NOTES
MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can use configuration files to customize the drawing. You use drawing setup files to customize the drawing. You can use a drawing template to automate the drawing creation.
Introduction
Pag e 1- 19
Module
2
Creating Views
In this module, you learn about the different view types and how to place views on a drawing.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create a drawing and place various types of views. Create different types of cross-section views.
Page 2-1
NOTES
VIEW CREATION
There are several different types of views you can add to a Pro/ENGINEER drawing. These include general, detailed, projection, auxiliary, and revolved, as shown in the following figure. As you create each view type, you can specify how much of the model should be visible in the drawing, and whether the view should be of a single surface on the model or have a cross-section. You can also specify view scales for certain types of views.
Revolved View Auxiliary View
General View
Projection View
General View
Detail View
NOTES
orientation; you can then reorient it using default datum planes or predefined named views.
Projection Views
A projection view is an orthographic projection seen from the top, bottom, left, or right of a selected drawing view. To create it, you specify a location with respect to another drawing view and Pro/ENGINEER automatically determines how to project it. Once it determines a suitable view, it automatically orients and positions it correctly. Once you have placed a projection view, the system associates it with the view from which it projected it. If the parent view moves, the projection view maintains its alignment.
Auxiliary Views
An auxiliary view is a projection of another view 90 degrees from an inclined surface, a datum plane, or along an axis. Consider an auxiliary view to be a projection at an odd angle, as opposed to the right, left, top, or bottom.
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If you pick an edge as the reference, the view shows the surface to which the edge belongs, parallel to the computer screen. If you pick a datum plane, the view shows the datum plane parallel to the computer screen. If you pick a datum axis, the view looks along the datum axis. This would be useful for looking through a hole on a model.
As with projection views, once you have placed an auxiliary view, the system associates it with the view from which it is projected. If the parent view moves, the auxiliary view maintains its alignment.
Detailed Views
A detailed view displays a portion of an existing view in a larger scale, making it easier to see the geometry and dimensions. To create a detailed view, you must specify: A location for the detailed view A reference point on the model to define the location of interest. A view boundary. You will sketch a spline around the area that you want to show. A location for the callout note
Pro/ENGINEER relates a detailed view to the view from which you create it, but you can move the detail view independently of its parent.
Revolved Views
A revolved view is a section view revolved 90 degrees about the cutting plane line and offset along its length. The section is an area cross-section, showing only material cut by the cutting plane.
Graph Views
A graph view shows a datum graph on a drawing to associate a function with the part. Once you have created the datum graph feature, you can show it in your drawing, as shown in the following figure.
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Half View Displays only a portion of the model using a datum plane to control how much is visible. Broken View
Displays a portion of a large model by removing an area of the model from the display and brings the pieces of the model on either side of the removed area closer together. ! Several options exist for defining what the break will look like. You can manually sketch the break geometry or choose S-curve or heartbeat break geometry.
Partial View Shows a localized portion of the model using the same technique that you would use to create a detailed view.
Broken View Partial View
Full View
Half View
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Adding Cross-Sections
You can add the following types of cross-sections to a view, as shown in the following figure:
Full Half
Displays the cross-section on one side of a datum plane without affecting the other side.
Local
Displays the cross-section in localized areas by sketching a boundary (using the same techniques that you would use to create detailed and partial views).
Displays the entire model as one cross-section while a local area displays another.
Full and Local
Note:
Use the Of Surface option in the VIEW TYPE menu to show only one surface in a particular view.
Figure 4: Cross-Section Types. From the top left, clockwise: Full cross-section, Half cross-section, Full & Local cross-section Local cross-section.
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Use Total Xsec to show all edges of a full cross-section, including those behind the cutting plane, as shown in the following figure. Use Total Align to show a total cross-section that is unfolded around an axis. Use Total Unfold to show a total cross-section unfolded so that the cutting planes are parallel to the screen. Use Area Xsec to show only the geometry on the cutting plane, as shown in the following figure. Use Align Xsec to show an area cross-section that is unfolded around an axis, as shown in the following figure. Use Unfold Xsec to show an area cross-section unfolded so that the cutting planes are parallel to the screen, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 5: Total versus Area cross-section. From the left, Total cross-section, Area cross-section
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make_proj_view_notes
no yes
orientation
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selection_of_removed_ entities
yes no
Controls the selection of entities in front of a crosssection. If set to yes, you can select entities even if they are in front of the cross-section, clipped, or erased with the EDGE DISP menu.
crossec_arrow_length
0.0625 value
crossec_arrow_width
0.1875 value
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crossec_arrow_style
tail_online head_online
crossec_text_place
cutting_line_adapt
no yes
If set to yes, the system uses adaptive line fonts to display cross-section arrows; that is, they begin and end in the middle of a complete line segment. Sets the default text height for view names and arrows in crosssection and detailed views. Sets the default text thickness for view names and arrows in crosssection and detailed views. Sets the line style for circles indicating a detailed view in a drawing. The value for this option can be any available system-defined or user-defined line styles. Determines the text displayed in non-ASME94 detail view reference notes.
def_view_text_height
0 value
def_view_text_thickness
0 value
detail_circle_line_style
solidfont font_name
detail_circle_note_text
default
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detailed_view_circle
on off
Controls the display of the circle encompassing the detailed view. Controls the display of the half view. If set to solid, system draws solid lines where material is present. If set to symmetry, system draws a centerline extending beyond the part and acting as a break line. If set to none, the system draws the object a short distance past the symmetry line. You must specify a datum to create the half view and use a centerline to indicate the actual half.
half_view_line
Solid
Symmetry
None
projection_type show_total_unfold_seam
Specifies the projection type: first or third angle. Controls the display of seams in a total unfolded cross-section.
view_scale_denominator
0 integer
Determines the view scale denominator for the view scale before you simplify the fraction.
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view_scale_format
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create a drawing and place different views types on the drawing.
Method
In the first exercise, a new drawing of a plunger part is created and different view types are created. In the second exercise, a new drawing of a barrel part is created and views are created. The barrel part is modified, and the associative drawing also updates.
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Task 1.
1. Click File > Open > PLUNGER_BODY.PRT > Open. 2. Spin the model to review the geometry. 3. Click Window > Close Widow . Task 2. Create a new drawing named PLUNGER_BODY.DRW as shown in the preceding figure. Use PLUNGER_BODY.PRT as the model. Place a general view and two projection views. 1. Click File > New > Drawing , enter [PLUNGER_BODY] as drawing name. Clear the Use default template checkbox and click OK . 2. Accept the defaults in the NEW DRAWING dialog box and click OK . 3. Place a general view. Click Views , accept the defaults and click Done . Locate the view by centering it at the bottom of the drawing. 4. Orient the view as shown in the following figure. Accept defaults and select DTM1 on the screen for the Front and DTM2 on the screen for the Top. Click OK .
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Note:
You should use default datum planes to orient general views. When picking datum planes to face in a particular direction, the yellow side of the datum will face in the specified direction.
5. Place a projection view to the left of the first view, as shown in the following figure. Click Add View , accept the defaults and click Done . Locate the view to the left of the first view.
6. Place a second projection view above the first projection view that you just created, as shown in the following figure. Click Add View , accept the defaults and click Done . Locate the view above the projection view.
NOTES
Task 3. Create a general view with a cross-section through the middle of the model. 1. Click Add View > General > Full View >Section > No Scale > Done . 2. To define the type of cross-section, accept the defaults and click Done . Locate the view above the first view. 3. Orient the view as shown in the following figure. Expand the Saved Views list, select FRONT and click Set > OK .
Figure 12: Cross-section A-A 4. Click Create , accept the defaults and click Done . Enter [A] as the cross-section name. 5. Specify DTM3 as the plane to use for the cross-section. Select DTM3 from the MODEL TREE. 6. Select the second projection view in the upper left corner of the screen as the view in which to locate the cutting plane arrows. Task 4. Create a detailed view that displays the tab in the lower right corner of the second projection view. 1. Click Add View > Detailed , accept the defaults and click Done . Locate the view on the right side of the sheet, as shown in the following figure. Enter [4] as the scale.
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2. Define the center point of the detail view. Zoom in on the lower right corner of the second projection view. Select the edge as shown in the following figure.
3. Sketch a spline that encompasses both the center point and the geometry for the detailed view. (Refer to the previous figures). Click the middle mouse button to complete the spline. 4. Enter [1] as the name. 5. Click Circle and locate the note for the detail to the lower left of the circle.
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Task 5. Create a detailed view displaying the geometry of two of the cooling fins on the plunger body shown in Section A-A. 1. Click Add View > Detailed , accept the defaults and click Done . Locate the view on the right side of the sheet, as shown in the following figure.
2. Enter [4] as the scale of the detailed view. 3. Zoom in on Section A-A and select the edge of the flange that is second from the right as the center point, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 16: DETAIL 2 Center Point 4. Sketch a spline that encompasses both the center point and the geometry for the detailed view. (Refer to the previous figures). Enter [2] as the name of the detailed view. 5. Click Circle and locate the note for the detail to the upper left of the callout.
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Task 6. Create a partial view that displays the cross-sectional geometry of one of the tabs on the plunger body. 1. Click Add View > General > Partial View > Section > Scale > Done . 2. Click Done to accept the default values for the type of section to be created. 3. Locate the view on the right side of the sheet, as shown in the following figure. Enter [4] as the scale for the partial view.
4. Orient the view using the FRONT saved view. Click OK . 5. Create a planar cross-section through the hole of one of the tabs on the plunger body. Click Create , accept defaults, and click Done . Enter [B] as the name of the cross-section. 6. Click Make Datum and create a datum that goes through the axis in the tab and parallel to DTM3. If the axis or datum plane is not visible on the drawing, turn on the display and pan the drawing to
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repaint. You may find it helpful to select DTM3 from the model tree. 7. Select the projection view in the upper left corner of the screen to specify the view in which to place the cross-section arrows. 8. Specify the center point for the outer boundary on the current view. Select an edge of the through hole, as shown in the following figure, and sketch a spline that encompasses both the center point and the geometry for the partial view.
Task 7.
1. Click Add View > General > Done . Locate the view in the upper right corner of the drawing. 2. Orient the view similar to the view shown in the following figure. Temporarily orient the model to the FRONT saved view. 3. From the TYPE pull-down list select ANGLES. From the REFERENCE pull-down list select VERTICAL as the first reference, enter [-45], and click Apply . 4. Click Add to add a second rotation. From the TYPE pull-down list select HORIZONTAL as the reference and enter [35] and click Apply . 5. If the view is oriented correctly as shown in the following figure, click OK . If the orientation is not correct, repeat steps 2 through 5 of this task.
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6. Click Views > Move View and reposition the views as shown in the finished drawing in the beginning of this exercise. 7. Save the drawing. Click File > Save and accept default name. 8. Close the window.
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Figure 20: Finished Barrel Drawing Task 1. Retrieve the barrel drawing. Create a projection view with an align cross-section through the patterned holes to the right of the first view. 1. Click File > Open > BARREL.DRW > Open . 2. Click Views > Add View > Projection > Full View > Section > Done . 3. Specify the cross-section type. Click Align XSEC > Done . Locate the view to the right of the first view, as shown in the following figure.
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4. Click Create > Offset > Done to create an offset cross-section through the center hole and two of the patterned holes. Note:
The One Side/Both Sides options define which way the system cuts the cross-section: in one or both directions perpendicular to the sketching plane. In this case, you could use either one because of DTM2 position, but you should use the default Both Sides .
5. Enter [A] as the name of the cross-section. The barrel part appears on the screen. 6. Select DTM2 as the sketching plane and click Okay to view the sketching plane from above. 7. You may have to show the DTMS_PART_DEF layer to see the datum planes. Click View > Layers and show the layer. Repaint the screen to see the axes and close the LAYERS dialog box 8. For the reference plane click Bottom and select DTM3. Pro/ENGINEER orients the view and places you in Intent Manager. Close the Sketcher Enhancement- Intent Manager window if it appears. 9. Create the section as shown in the following figure. For additional references, select the axes and cylindrical surface of the barrel from the screen as shown in the following figure. 10. Close the REFERENCES dialog box when you have selected the references needed for this sketch. 11. Click Sketch > Line and sketch the two lines shown in the following figure.
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Select Axis A_1 as a reference Select the both halves of the outside surface as a reference
12. Click Sketch > Done to complete the section. 13. Select axis A_1 in the current view as the axis to unfold around. 14. Press the middle mouse button to abort section arrow creation. Task 2. Place a projection view to the right of cross-section A-A. After placing the view, retrieve the model and modify the number of holes. Return to the drawing to observe how the drawing updated and verify that the cross-section is still valid. 1. Click Add View from the VIEWS menu, then click Projection > Done . Locate the view to the right of Section A-A, as shown in the following figure.
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Task 3. Retrieve the barrel part and modify the number of holes in the barrel to verify that the cross-section updates correctly. 1. Open the barrel part. 2. Click Modify, select one of the 5 patterned holes and select the parameter controlling the number of instances in the pattern. 3. Enter [7] and click Regenerate . 4. View the updated drawing. Click Window > BARREL.DRW . There are now seven holes and the align cross-section updated correctly. 5. Click Window > BARREL.PRT . Change the number of holes back to five and regenerate the model. 6. Save and close BARREL.DRW.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create different view types on a drawing. Views can contain all of the model geometry, a portion of the geometry, or a planar section of the geometry. Drawing views are associative and will update to reflect changes in the model.
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Module
3
Assembly and Multi-Model Drawings
In this module, you learn to create an assembly model drawing. You also learn how to create a drawing with two or more models in the same drawing.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create assembly drawings with exploded views. Create drawings that display views of multiple models.
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ASSEMBLY DRAWINGS
To create a drawing of an assembly, you must specify an assembly as the model for your drawing. The system then displays the name and type of the model along the bottom of the window.
MULTI-MODEL DRAWINGS
Applications
You may need to use two or more models on the same drawing, as shown in the following figure. For example, you may want to create a drawing of a component and the assembly in which it is used. By creating a multi-
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model drawing, you can display an assembly and all of its component parts. You can also do the following: Clearly show all part and assembly dimensions in the same drawing. Display several members of the same family with different sets of features. Work with detail items, tables, repeat regions, and so on that belong to any one of the models.
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To add views of a particular model, you must set that model as active, but only one model on the drawing can be the active model at any given time. The system references the active model any time that it needs a default model to perform an operation, such as when you add views or regenerate a model. The last model that you add to a drawing becomes the current model. The system sets the drawing scale of each model independently. You may notice the scale value at the bottom-left corner changing when you set different models. To modify the scale for each model, it must be active. When you add relations, the system adds them to the current model; therefore, you should select a model before adding a relation. The active model name is displayed at the bottom of the graphic pane.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create drawings of assembly models and drawings with more than one model.
Method
This exercise creates a new drawing of an assembly and creates the drawing views including exploded views. We also add a second model to the drawing and create views of second model.
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Task 1. Retrieve the end cap part and the upper housing assembly to view the models that you are going to include in this drawing. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_CAP.PRT and become familiar with its geometry. 2. Shade and spin the model to view all sides of the part. 3. Close the active window. 4. Retrieve UPPER_HOUSING.ASM and become familiar with its geometry. 5. Shade and spin the model to view all sides of the part. 6. Close the active window. Task 2. Create a new drawing called UPPER_HOUSING that includes the upper housing assembly and the end cap part, as shown in the following figure. 1. Click File>New>Drawing . 2. Enter [UPPER_HOUSING] as the drawing name. Clear the Use default template check box. Confirm that UPPER_HOUSING.ASM is the drawing model and specify a Csize sheet and landscape orientation. Task 3. Place a cross-sectional exploded view of the upper housing assembly on the drawing. The cross-section should be planar and pass through the middle of the housing. 1. Click Views > Section > Exploded > Done . For the cross-section type, accept the defaults and click Done . 2. Place the view in the bottom right corner of the sheet and select the default exploded view. From the SEL STATE menu, confirm that the Default check box is selected and click Done .
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3. Once you have placed the view, orient it to look like the view shown in the preceding figure. From the ORIENTATION dialog box, click Saved Views to display any views that have been. From the list of saved views, select SIDE and click Set> OK . 4. Create a new cross-section that passes through the middle of the assembly parallel to the screen. Click Create , accept the defaults, and click Done . Enter [A] as the cross-section name. Select datum plane ADTM3 to create the cross-section. Select ADTM3 by clicking Sel By Menu > ADTM3 > Select . 5. Do not display arrows on the drawing at this time. Press the middle mouse button to continue drawing creation without displaying any cross-section arrows for section A-A. 6. After you have placed the view on the drawing, turn off the display for the datum planes and coordinate systems. Task 4. Place a projection view of the upper housing assembly to the left of the first view. Explode the view without a cross-section. Place a second projection view directly above section A-A. Unexplode the view without a cross-section. 1. Create an exploded projection view to the left of section A-A, as shown in the following figure. Click Add View > Exploded > Done . Locate the view to the left of section A-A. 2. Create an unexploded projection view above section A-A, as shown in the following figure. Click Add View > Done . Locate the view above section A-A.
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Task 5. Add the plunger cap part as a second model to the drawing. Place a general view of this model in the upper left corner of the drawing and orient the view, then place a projection view to the right of the first view of the plunger cap. 1. Click Dwg Models > Add Model . A dialog box lists all of the parts and assemblies in the current directory. Select PLUNGER_CAP.PRT and click Open . 2. Add a general view of the plunger cap to the drawing. Place the view in the upper left corner of the sheet. Click Add View > Done . Locate the view in the upper left corner of the sheet. 3. Orient the view as shown in the following figure. From the REFERENCE 1 drop-down list, select BACK and select DTM2 on the screen. From the REFERENCE 2 drop-down list, select RIGHT and select DTM1. After orienting the view correctly, click OK .
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Note:
Although you turned off the display of datum planes earlier, the system temporarily turned them back on when orienting the view. After you place the view, the system automatically turns off the datum plane display.
4. Create a projection view of the plunger cap to the right of the first view, as shown in the following figure. Click Add View > Done . Locate the view to the right of the first view of the plunger cap.
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Task 6. Add a 3-D view of the upper housing assembly by setting the upper housing as the active model. Any views that you add to a drawing are for the active model only. 1. Click Dwg Models > Set Model . Select UPPER_HOUSING from the list of models associated with the drawing. It is now the active model. Note:
You can only add views of the active model. Before placing a view on a drawing that contains multiple models, make sure that the correct model is active. Pro/ENGINEER displays the name and type of the active model at the bottom of the screen.
2. Create an exploded view in a 3-D orientation, as shown in the following figure. Click Add View > General > Exploded > Scale > Done .
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3. Place the view on the left side of the sheet and select the default exploded view. Locate the view on the left side of the drawing. From the SEL STATE menu, confirm the Default check box is selected and click Done . Enter [.75] as the view scale. 4. Retain the view in the default orientation. In the ORIENTATION dialog box, from the SAVED VIEWS list select DEFAULT and click Set > OK . 5. Save the drawing and close the window.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a drawing of an assembly and display exploded views in the drawing. You can create a drawing to display views of more than one model in the same drawing.
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Module
4
Modifying Views
In this module, you learn various ways to modify drawing views.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Change view location, orientation, and origin. Remove views from drawings. Modify view boundaries and callouts.
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MANIPULATING VIEWS
After placing views in your drawing, you can sometimes improve its appearance by changing the location, orientation, or origin of a view.
Changing Location
You can easily move a view from one place to another within a drawing, however, if it is a parent or child of any other view in the drawing, the parent view causes the child view to move accordingly. For example, moving a General view causes its Projection view, Auxiliary view and Revolved view to update their location because of the position dependency. Remove the position dependency by changing the Child view to a General view for more flexibility. Be aware that this also removes other dependencies and causes the Child view to be completely independent.
Alignment
Using Alignment, you can easily add and remove position dependency between views. You can align a general view to another general view or projection view. This establishes position dependency between the views and causes them to move together. You can unalign a child view to remove only the position dependency. This preserves the view type and the position dependency can be easily reestablished.
Orientation
You can change the initial orientation of a general view at any time after you create it, but remember that the change also affects the orientation of any dependent views. When reorienting a general view, Pro/ENGINEER warns you that the change is also going to affect the child views as well and highlights them on the screen.
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Note:
When you reorient a general view that has a cross-section, the cross-section must remain parallel to the screen. If the change in orientation does not allow this, Pro/ENGINEER does not reorient the general view.
Origin
Every view has an origin, which controls how the system moves and locates the view, and how the view is affected by changes in the model. By default, the origin of a drawing view is at the intersection of the two diagonals connecting the corners of the view extent, as shown in the following figure.
View origin
You may want to prevent a projection view from overlapping other views when the size of the model changes, as shown in the following figure. To set the origin of a drawing view, you can parametrically reference model geometry and the selected point on the model will remain fixed as the view changes.
Note:
The setting of the view origin does not change the current position of the view. The change in origin is only noticeable when views update to changes in the model geometry.
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Original views
When specifying a new view origin, keep in mind the following: For a general view, the selected location on the geometry becomes fixed. If the feature you reference becomes suppressed or deleted, the system automatically issues a warning and indicates the name of the view with the missing origin. For a projection or auxiliary view, the system transfers the selected point onto a ray passing through the origin of the parent view in the direction of the projection. This projected point becomes the origin of the view. You should control the location of the view origin when entities are related to a view. For example, if draft geometry is related to a view, locate the geometry with respect to the view origin, not the geometry of the model in the view.
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Removing Views
You can remove views from a drawing by permanently deleting them or temporarily erasing them from the display. You can only delete a view if it does not have any child views dependent on it.
When erasing views, keep in mind the following: If a note or symbol is attached to the erased view as well as other views, the system also erases the leaders attached to the erased view. When you resume the view, the leaders reappear. You cannot show dimensions on another view if you showed them on the erased view. A detailed view of a view with a local X-sec, erase parent view, or detailed view does not change to a full cross section.
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Shape of the detailed view callout. Geometry that the view displays.
The following figure shows one detailed view with the outer boundary and another without it.
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NOTES
Changing a Cross-Section
In Pro/ENGINEER you can modify cross-sections in the following ways to achieve the correct display: Change the boundary, reference point, and outer display of a local cross-section to show greater or lesser detail of a particular area. Remove it from the view entirely or replace it with another crosssection. Change the direction in which the cutting arrows point. Add a cross-section to a view that was originally placed without one. Add and remove cutting arrows. Assign the cross-hatching based on the material of the model and create user defined cross-hatching style.
Changing Cross-Hatching
You can assign the cross-hatching based on the material of the model. You can modify the cross-hatching displayed for a cross-section by changing the angle, spacing, line style, and offset distance between the lines, as well as adding or removing lines. After you have defined a cross-hatching pattern, you can save it in a library for future use on other drawings.
Assembly Cross-Hatching
When modifying the cross-hatching in an assembly view, you can alter the cross-hatching displayed for each component intersected by the cutting plane, as shown in the following figure.
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Creating a Snapshot
When you want to show an assembly view on a part drawing without having to retrieve the assembly and all of its parts, you can convert the assembly view to a snapshot, which is a collection of 2-D draft entities that are not associated to the corresponding model. You can then delete the assembly model from the drawing because none of the drawing views reference it. When you convert a view into a snapshot, the following changes occur: All visible geometry, axes, datums, and other entities in the view become draft entities. All draft entities that were previously associated to the view become free. All attached drawing items (notes, gtols, symbols, draft dimensions, etc.) become unattached. All visible model dimensions become draft dimensions. The system deletes the original view from the drawing. If you select a view that has child views, the system also makes those into snapshots and deletes the original views. If you select a view that has erased children, the system deletes those as well. Note:
Once you convert a view to a snapshot, the system no longer parametrically associates it to the original model in any way. Therefore, if you change the model, the snapshot geometry does not update to reflect the changes.
Removing Entities
You can remove entities from a view by controlling the display of members in an assembly or by using Z-Clipping to exclude geometry behind a specified plane.
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By setting the display for each component in an assembly individually as shown in the following figure, you can display some members in Hidden Line mode and others in No Hidden mode, as well as blank individual components from the screen. You can also manipulate individual edges of the model by blanking them or changing their display.
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While changing the explode distances for a component, you can select a variety of model references to set the explode direction.
Controlling the direction of movement
You can drag all components to a new location at the same time so that the system offsets them at the same explode distance.
Specifying the components to move
Note:
If you modify an exploded view in the drawing, the view becomes independent of the exploded view of the assembly. If you make changes to the exploded state in the assembly, the system does not reflect them in the modified drawing view.
Note:
Changing detail views to general views enables you to set edge display and blanking of components in the detail view, independent from the parent view.
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variant_drawing_item_ sizes
no yes
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circle_axis _offset
0.1 Value
Sets the default distance that a circular cross-hair axis extends beyond the circular edge.
datum_point_shape
datum_point_size
.3125 value
Controls the size of the datum points and sketched 2-D points.
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radial_pattern_axis_circle
no yes
Sets display mode for axes of rotation that are perpendicular to the screen in radial pattern features. If set to no,'' displays axis lines (Figure a). If set to yes,'' a circular shared axis appears, and axis lines pass through the center of a rotational pattern (Figure b).
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To improve the display and clarity of drawing views.
Method
In Exercise 1, you manipulate the views of the plunger body drawing. In Exercise 2, you manipulate the views of the barrel drawing. In Exercise 3, you manipulate the views of a assembly/multi-model drawing.
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6. Move the cross-sectional arrows displayed in the upper left view to the positions shown in the following figure. With the [Select] icon still clicked, select the arrows and move them to the correct position.
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7. For Detail 1, Detail 2, Section A-A, and Section B-B, reposition the view names to place them directly beneath the corresponding views. Using the [Select] icon, select the view names and move them to the correct position. Task 2. To prevent the environment settings for the hidden and tangent line display from affecting the drawing, set the display of each view. 1. Click Views > Disp Mode > View Disp . Select the 3-D view, both cross-sectional views, and both detail views, then click Done Sel to display the DISP MODE menu. Tips & Techniques:
To speed up the selection process, you can press the middle mouse button instead of clicking Done Sel .
2. Click No Hidden > Tan Solid . Click Det Indep to set the display mode of the detailed views differently from their parents, then click Done . 3. Select the remaining views on the drawing and press the middle mouse button. Click Hidden Line > Tan Solid > Done . Task 3. Decrease the scale of the 3-D view of the plunger.
1. Click Modify View > View Type and select the 3-D view. 2. Click Scale > Done . 3. Enter [.8] as the scale value.
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Task 4. Modify the location of the tab in the upper-left view. Notice that the detailed view no longer displays the correct geometry. Redefine the reference point that you used for the detailed view so that it is attached to the tab. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_MOD_VIEWS.PRT. Note:
If you used PLUNGER_BODY.DRW in this exercise, retrieve PLUNGER_BODY.PRT instead.
2. Modify the tab shown in the following figure, change the horizontal 0.50 location dimension to [0.25], and click Regenerate .
3. Click Window > PLUNGER_BODY_MOD_VIEWS.DRW . DETAIL 1 should display as shown in the following figure. Note:
The tab is no longer centered in the detailed view because the reference point for the boundary of that detail was not an appropriate choice. You selected the side edge of the plunger body instead of the edge of the tab.
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4. Move the reference point of DETAIL 1 to the edge of the tab. Click Views > Modify View > Ref Point and select DETAIL 1 as the view to alter. The original reference point displays in the upper left view. Select the edge of the tab as the new reference, as shown in the following figure. Click Done Sel > Done. 5. Activate the window for the PLUNGER_BODY_MOD_VIEWS.PRT. 6. Modify the location of the tab to [0.50]. 7. Activate the window for the PLUNGER_BODY_MOD_VIEWS.DRW and notice the change that occurred in DETAIL 1. Task 5. Reduce the amount of geometry shown in the DETAIL 2 view. Modify the view boundary to include only one of the flanges. 1. Click Views > Modify View > Boundary and select DETAIL 2.
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2. Press the left mouse button to sketch a spline around one of the flanges. Use the middle mouse button to finish the spline boundary. Click Done from the VIEW BNDRY menu. Repaint the screen, if necessary. Click Done > Return from the VIEWS menu.
Task 6. Modify the cross-hatching shown in Sections A-A, B-B, and DETAIL 2. Create new cross-hatching and save it for future drawings. 1. Click the [Select] icon, press and hold <SHIFT> and select the cross-hatching lines in Section A-A and Section B-B. Click Edit > Properties from the pull down menu. 2. Add a second line to the cross-hatching. Click Add Line , enter [45] as the angle, [.1] as the offset value, [.44] to define the distance between each segment of the new line. 3. In the MODIFY LINE STYLE dialog box, select DOTFONT from the LINE FONT drop-down list. Click Apply > Close . 4. Decrease the spacing of the cross-hatching. Click Spacing and use Half and Double to achieve spacing similar to that shown in the following figure.
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5. Save this cross-hatching for future use in other drawings. Click Save , enter [user_def] and click Done . Note:
The system automatically updates the cross-hatching on DETAIL 2 because a detailed view obtains its cross-hatching from its parent view by default.
6. Decrease the spacing of the cross-hatching of DETAIL 2. Click the [Select] icon, select the cross-hatching lines in DETAIL 2, then click Edit > Properties f rom the pull down menu. 7. The MOD XHATCH menu appears with most of the options unavailable because the cross-hatching of a detailed view is the same as its parent view by default. Click Det Indep to make the detailed view independent of its parent view. 8. Click Spacing > Half . If the cross-hatching is acceptable, click Done to finish.
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Task 1. Retrieve BARREL_MOD_VIEWS.DRW and change the scale of the sheet and the detailed view. If the views are too close, move them to new positions. 1. Retrieve BARREL_MOD_VIEWS.DRW. Note:
If you have finished the barrel drawing earlier, you can work on BARREL.DRW.
2. Modify the scale of the sheet to [1.25]. From the pull down menu, click Edit > Value and select the scale value in the lower left corner of the screen. Enter [1.25] as the new scale value. 3. Modify the scale of DETAIL 1 to 2.5. From the pull down menu, click Edit > Value and select the scale value beneath DETAIL 1. Enter [2.5] as the new scale value. 4. Using the [Select] icon, position the view names directly beneath the views. Task 2. Modify the cross-hatching in Section A-A, retrieve the crosshatching that you saved in the previous exercise and add cross-sectional arrows to the view in the upper right corner of the sheet. 1. Click the [Select] icon, the cross-hatching lines in Section A-A, then click Edit > Properties f rom the pull down menu.. 2. Click Retrieve > user_def >Open . Click Done from the MOD XHATCH menu. 3. Click Views > Modify View > Add Arrows . Select Section A-A and select the upper right view to place the arrows. 4. Move the arrows so that they display as shown in the following figure.
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NOTES
Task 3. Set the display of each view on the drawing so that it is independent of the environment settings. 1. Click Views > Disp Mode > View Disp . Select all of the views on the drawing, then click Done Sel . 2. Click Hidden Line > Tan Solid > Done . 3. Save and close the drawing.
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Task 1. Set the display of each view on the upper housing drawing so it is independent of the environment settings. 1. Retrieve UPPER_HOUSING_MOD_VIEWS.DRW. ( If you have already finished the upper housing drawing, you can work on UPPER_HOUSING.DRW.) 2. Click Views > Disp Mode > View Disp . Select the two views of the plunger cap and click Done Sel . 3. Click Hidden Line > Tan Solid > Done to display hidden lines in these views and tangent lines as solid lines. 4. Select the upper housing views and press the middle mouse button. Click No Hidden > Tan Phantom > Done . Task 2. Modify the scale of the views. Move some of the views to a new sheet and change their positions. 1. Click Dwg Models > Set Model > PLUNGER_CAP > Done/Return . 2. Click Edit > Value and select the scale value in the lower left corner of the screen. Enter [3.00] to modify the sheet scale for the plunger cap. 3. Make the UPPER_HOUSING_MOD_VIEWS assembly the active model. 4. Change the sheet scale for the upper housing to [1.25]. 5. From the DRAWING menu, click Sheets > Switch Sheets , select the two plunger cap views and the 3-D assembly view, and click Done Sel > Done . 6. Position the views as shown in the following figure. Task 3. Alter the right side projection of the plunger cap part to include a cross-section. The cross-section should cut through the center of the part. After you create the cross-section, change the cross-hatching. 1. Click Views > Modify View > View Type . Select the right side projection of the plunger cap part and click Section > Done . 2. If the datum planes do not appear, turn them on. Repaint the screen.
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3. Click Full > Total Xsec > Done . 4. Click Create > Planar > Done . 5. Enter [B] as the name, select DTM1 as the cutting plane and select the left view for the arrows.
6. Turn off the datum planes. 7. Select cross-hatching lines in Section B-B and click Edit > Properties . 8. Decrease the default spacing of the cross-hatching by half. Click Spacing > Half , then click Done . Task 4. Modify the orientation of the 3-D view of the upper housing assembly. Retrieve the assembly and spin the model to an appropriate 3-D view. Save the orientation as a named view and use it in the drawing. 1. Retrieve the UPPER_HOUSING_MOD_VIEWS.ASM. (If you retrieved the UPPER_HOUSING.DRW at the start of this exercise, retrieve UPPER_HOUSING.ASM instead.) 2. Spin the model to an orientation similar to the one shown in the following figure.
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3. Click View > Reorient . Expand Saved Views in the ORIENTATION dialog box to display any saved views. Enter [3D] for the name and click Save > OK . 4. Click Window > Close Window . Click Window > Activate to activate the drawing window. 5. Click Views > Modify View > Reorient . 6. Select the upper 3-D assembly view to reorient. From the list of saved views, select 3D and clic k Set > OK . Task 5. Change the explode distances of the components in the upper housing assembly. Set the preferences to allow the movement of all four bolts at the same time. 1. Click Mod Expld , select the 3D view, and click Redefine > Position . 2. Click Preferences, select MOVE MANY, and click Close . 3. Set the direction of movement to be normal to the top of the upper housing part. From the MOTION REFERENCE drop-down list, select PLANE NORMAL, click Query Sel , and select the top surface of the upper housing, as shown in the following figure. When the correct surface highlights, click Accept to finish.
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Select this top surface to move normal to the plunger assembly and the bolts
4. Reposition the plunger assembly below the upper housing. Click Query Sel and select the plunger assembly inside the cavity of the upper housing. Click Next until the plunger assembly is selected, then click Accept > Done Sel . Press the left mouse button and drag the plunger assembly to a position similar to the one shown in the following figure.
Plunger cap
Plunger assembly
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5. Select the four bolt components and click Done Sel . Press the left mouse button and drag the bolts to their new position. 6. Move the plunger cap as shown in the preceding figure. In the MOTION REFERENCE area of the dialog box, click the [Select] icon and select a suitable, normal surface for the plunger cap. 7. Select the plunger cap and click Done Sel . Drag the plunger cap to its new position and press the left mouse button to finish the move. Click Done Sel > OK . 8. Return to sheet one and move the views so they are evenly spaced on the drawing. Click Sheets > Previous > Done/Return . 9. Modify the explode distances on the views of the upper housing assembly. Click View > Modify View > Mod Expld , then select the view in the lower right corner of the drawing. 10. Click Redefine > Position . 11. Click Preferences , select MOVE MANY, and click Close . Note:
The system does not save the preferences that you use to modify an exploded view. You must redo the preferences the next time that you modify explode distances.
12. Set the direction by selecting a vertical edge on the plunger body part. From the MOTION REFERENCE pull-down list select ENTITY/EDGE, then select the vertical edge of the plunger body part as shown in the following figure.
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13. Change the positions of the components as shown in the following figure.
Task 6. Modify the explode distances in the lower left view to match the distances in Section A-A by changing the type of view to a general view and then back to a projection view. The system recreates the projection based on the new positions of the components. 1. Click Views > Modify View > View Type . Select the view in the lower left corner of the sheet, and click General > Done . 2. Click View Type and select the same view again. 3. Click Projection > Done . Select Section A-A as the view from which to create the projection.
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Task 7. Modify the cross-hatching in Section A-A of the upper housing. For the plunger part in the upper housing assembly, retrieve a saved crosshatching. 1. Click the [Select] icon and select the cross-hatching lines in Section A-A, then click Edit > Properties f rom the pull-down menu. 2. Click Next Xsec until you highlight the cross-hatching in the upper housing part. 3. Click Spacing from the MOD XHATCH menu. Click Half twice to decrease the cross-hatching spacing. Click Angle from the MOD XHATCH menu and select 135 to change the angle of the cross-hatching. 4. Click Next Xsec to make the plunger cap active. Click Spacing > Value and enter [0.055]. 5. Click Next Xsec > Retrieve > user_def >Open > Done.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can change view location, orientation, and origin. You can remove views from a drawing. You can modify view boundaries and callouts.
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Module
5
Showing Dimensions
In this module, you learn how to display dimensions and manipulate their display characteristics.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Display dimensions and related details. Change dimension locations. Convert linear dimensions to ordinate dimensions. Create hole charts.
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DRAWING DETAILS
After you add views, you should add detail items such as dimensions to complete production drawings. You can create detail items on a drawing directly. You can also show detail items created in Part mode or Assembly mode on a drawing. To avoid repeated work and preserve associativity before you create new dimensions in your drawings, you should show dimensions and other detail items that were created in Part mode or Assembly mode. Keep in mind the following: It is quicker to show a dimension on the drawing and move it than to recreate the dimension. Because of Pro/ENGINEERs associativity, you can modify the dimensions you showed from 3D models at the drawing level and the system reflects it at the part or assembly level. Drawing templates can be used to automate the Displaying and positioning of dimensions.
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The SHOW/ERASE dialog box as shown in the following figure, allows you to show various types of detail items in a drawing. You can show any number of detail items at one time, but it is easier to show one type on the drawing at a time.
Shows detail items for a selected feature in a view determined by the system. This option is useful if you did not build the model yourself. You can use the MODEL TREE to make sure that you select every feature.
Feature View
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Select a feature in a view to show detail items for that feature in that view. This option gives you the most control in displaying items.
Feat _ View Part
Shows detail items in a specific part and view within an assembly drawing.
Part _ View Show All
Shows all detail items in all views. If you use this method to show items, you should also preview the drawing. Note:
When Displaying part dimensions in an assembly drawing, the View and Show All options do not display part dimensions.
Erased
Show only items that have been previously erased from the drawing, without displaying items that have never been shown before. Show items that have never been shown on the Show dimensions as ordinate using an existing
Never Shown
drawing.
Switch to Ordinate
baseline.
You can preview detail items in the drawing and decide if you want to show them. You can show all of them, erase all of them, or select individual items to display or remove.
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Changing Location
You can manually change the location of the detailed items using the drag handles and the snap lines. You can also position the detailed items using the [Clean Dim] option.
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Cleaning Up Dimensions
You can improve or clean up a cluttered display of linear dimensions on a drawing. You can use this option after you initially display dimensions on a drawing to move those that are overlapping one another or to move them
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off the model itself. You can also use this technique to automatically locate your dimensions according to exact specifications such as the following: A certain distance away from a view. A certain distance away from each other. Centered in between the witness lines.
You can also use the CLEAN DIMENSIONS dialog box to flip the dimension arrows, create snap lines where the dimensions are located, and break the intersecting witness lines.
Note:
The Clean Dims option only affects linear dimensions. You cannot use it to modify the display of diametric, radial, or angular dimensions.
Ordinate Dimensions
Pro/ENGINEER displays ordinate dimensions in a drawing using a single witness line without a leader. The system associates one set of ordinate dimensions with a baseline reference, as shown in the following figure. For a set of ordinate dimensions to reference the same baseline, they must share a common plane or edge that you can use as a baseline reference.
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You can use the following ways to place ordinate dimensions on drawing: Show dimensions as ordinate using an existing baseline Convert existing dimensions to ordinate dimensions Create ordinate dimensions
To create a baseline, you must convert a linear dimension to ordinate and select one of its witness lines as the baseline reference. You can then use it to place dimensions in an ordinate form. You can convert ordinate dimensions back to linear at any time. However, when converting ordinate dimensions back to linear, the system does not automatically remove the baseline for that dimension from the drawing. You must delete it manually. You can delete a baseline reference if none of the drawing dimensions are using it and you do not need it any longer.
Note:
When converting dimensions, you can add a jog to the witness line to improve the spacing of the dimensions.
iso_ordinate_delta It improves the display of the offset between an ISO-ordinate dimension and the witness line. If you set it
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to yes, the system uses the drawing setup file option witness_line_delta. If you set it to no, the offset differs by approximately 2 mm. The default value is no to preserve old drawings. orddim_text_orientation It is used to specify the orientation of ordinate dimensions, you can set the drawing setup file option to parallel or horizontal.
You can change the direction of linear, radial, and diametric dimension arrows, as shown in the following figure.
Arrows flipped
Clip refers to creating a gap between the end of an extension line and object being dimensioned. ! Pro/ENGINEER automatically determines if it should clip extension lines when it performs an overlap check before plotting. To check if extension lines are properly clipped, you can plot to the screen, as shown in the following figure.
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! System uses the drawing setup file option witness_line_offset to control the gap size. ! You can manipulate the gap of individual extension line using the drag handle when you move a dimension.
Figure 7: Clipping Dimensions You can jog the extension line of dimensions or the leader of a note to create more space for text, as shown in the following figure.
Insert Jogs
! Dimension cleanup includes automatic breaks in intersecting witness lines ! You can add simple breaks in individual extension lines and cutting lines as shown in the following figure, ! You can create a parametric break on one extension line around another extension line so that it updates when the model changes
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Erase the witness lines The system automatically displays dimensions with witness lines, but you can easily remove them to reduce the clutter, as shown in the following figure.
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Table 1: Configuration File Options Affecting Dimension Display Option allow_move_attach_in_ dtl_move yes no Value Definition If set to yes, Move acts as Move and Mod Attach for radial and diameter dimensions. If set to no, each acts separately. Sets display for angle values to degrees, degrees and decimal minutes, or degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds. Sets default number of decimal places displayed in all modes. Does not affect the number of digits of dimensions changed using Num Digits . Sets largest denominator for fractional dimensions. If the fraction can be reduced, converts it to the lowest possible denominator. Highlights new dimensions added to the drawing until you move or refresh them. When set to yes, if a dimension is driven by a relation with a value that is not equal to the displayed dimension, displays a tilde (~) in front of the dimension. Determines display of fractional dimensions (feet-inches or meter-mm). For example, if the units are inches, if you convert 25.125 to a fraction, it becomes 2 1-1/8.
ang_units
default_dec_places
2 value
dim_fraction_denominator
32 value
highlight_new_dims
no yes no yes
mark_approximate_dims
use_major_units
no yes
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decimal_marker
Determines which character marks the decimal point in secondary dimensions. Determines whether dimensions display with or without elbows. Sets the length of the dimension leader line when the leader arrows are outside the witness lines.
default_dim_elbows
yes no
dim_leader_length
0.5 value
dim_text_gap
0.5 factor
Controls the distance between the dimension text and dimension leader line, and represents the ratio between the gap size and text height.
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draw_ang_units
Sets the display of angular dimensions in a drawing to degrees; degrees and decimal minutes; or degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds. Sets the length of leader line arrows.
draw_arrow_length
0.1875 value
draw_arrow_style
draw_arrow_width
0.0625 value
dual_digits_diff
-1 value
Specifies the number of digits to the right of the decimal that the secondary dimension differs from the primary dimension. Displays dimension units that occur second in brackets. Specifies the format for the display of dual dimensions. Primary units are the model units. Sets the units for the display of secondary dimensions.
dual_dimension_brackets
yes no
dual_dimensioning
dual_secondary_unit
mm inch foot cm m
iso_ordinate_delta
no yes
Improves the display of the offset between an ISOordinate dimension and the witness line.
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lead_trail_zeros
Controls the use of leading and trailing zeros in a dimension. If set to std_default, displays the dimension according to its units. If set to std_metric, displays the dimension with leading zeros (0.9). If set to std_english, displays the dimension with trailing zeros (.90). Both displays both leading and trailing zeros, regardless of whether the units are English or metric. Determines the length of the leader elbow (the horizontal leg attached to the text). Specifies the default radius of balloons shown with the model grid in the drawing. Controls the negative values shown in the balloons of the model grid. Controls the number of digits displayed in grid coordinates that appear in grid balloons. You can specify the number of decimal places or use the default (0) to display coordinates as integers. Determines whether the dimension value appears above or below the leader line when text_orientation is set to parallel. This option does not apply to dual dimensions.
leader_elbow_length
0.25 value
model_grid_balloon_size
0.2 value
parallel_dim_placement
above below
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text_orientation
witness_line_delta
0.125 value
Sets the extension of the witness line beyond the dimension leader arrows. Sets the gap between a dimension line and the object being dimensioned.
witness_line_offset
0.0625 value
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To show and manipulate dimension on a drawing.
Method
In the first exercise, dimensions are shown for features in any view and for features in a selected view. After the dimensions are shown, they are switched to different views, moved, and the default display is enhanced. In the second exercise, dimensions are shown in their symbolic form and the default symbolic name is modified. In the third exercise, the dimensions on a multi-model and assembly drawing are displayed as dual dimensions.
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Task 1. Using MODEL TREE, show dimensions on the plunger body drawing for a selected feature in any view. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_SHOW_DIMS.PRT.
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Note:
If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on PLUNGER_BODY.PRT and PLUNGER_BODY.DRW.
2. Highlight features in MODEL TREE and become familiar with its geometry. Then close the window. 3. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_SHOW_DIMS.DRW and turn off all datum features. 4. Show the dimensions for the first protrusion. Right click the first protrusion in MODEL TREE, choose Show Dimensions .
5. Repeat this for Cut id 198, Hole id 801, Cut id 772, Hole id 1803. Task 2. Move dimensions, flip arrow of the dimension and use drag handle to move text. 1. Move the dimensions in the front view. First, select the .750 dimension using [Select] icon. Move it to its new position, as shown in the following figure, and press the left mouse button to place it. 2. Select and move the 1.500 dimension and flip the arrow. While moving the dimension, press the right mouse button to flip the arrows. Move it to its new position as shown in the following figure and press the left mouse button to place it. 3. Repeat this for the 1.125 and .250 diameter dimensions.
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4. Move the dimensions in lower left view. First, move the 3.000 dimension to its new position, as shown in the preceding figure. 5. Repeat this for the .100 and the .300 linear dimensions. 6. Select the .100 linear dimension and use the correct move handle to move the text to the other side of the elbow. 7. In the upper left view, move the .100 diameter dimension as shown in the preceding figure. 8. Using the correct move handle, move the text to the other side of the leader. Task 3. Switch dimensions to other views
1. Switch the remaining dimensions in the lower left view to Section A-A. Press and hold <Shift> and select the two remaining dimensions, click Edit > Switch to View . When system prompt for a view, select Section A-A. Note:
You can also use pop up menu or perform switch view. [Switch View] icon to
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2. Once you have switched the dimensions to the new view, reposition them as shown in the preceding figure. Flip arrows as necessary. Task 4. Using SHOW/ERASE dialogue box, show dimensions for a selected feature in a selected view on the drawing. 1. Click View > Show and Erase . Select Show . Select the dimension icon under the TYPE section. Select Feat_View under the SHOW BY section. 2. Show the dimensions for the holes in Section B-B. Click Query Sel from the menu and select the surface of the through hole. Click Accept when the correct feature highlights. 3. Repeat this for the counter-bore hole in Section B-B, as shown in the following figure.
Counter-bore hole
Through hole
4. Click Query Sel from the menu and select the surface of the tab from DETAIL 1, as shown in the following figure. 5. Repeat the previous step for the surface of the round in DETAIL 1, as shown in the following figure. Click Done Sel > Sel To Remove . Select the . 500 dimension. Click Done Sel to finish the selections. 6. Clear the With Preview check box and close the SHOW/ERASE dialog box.
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Tab
Round
7. Use the asynchronous pop-up menu to move the dimensions displayed in Section B-B and DETAIL 1 to the locations shown in the following figure. Experiment with the dimension handles that are available for the different dimension types.
Figure 18: Dimension Locations Task 5. Use Mod Attach to move a dimension.
1. Display the .05-radius dimension on the other side of the tab. Right click the .05 dimension to bring up ASYNCHRONOUS pop-up menu
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NOTES
2. Click Mod Attach . The system displays all possible locations in magenta. Select the round surface on the other side of the tab and press the middle mouse button to finish. 3. Move and flip the arrows on the remaining dimensions for DETAIL 1 and SECTION B-B so the drawing looks like the preceding figure. Task 6. Show the dimensions for the flanges in the upper left view using learned techniques. 1. From pull down menu, click View > Show/Erase > Show > . Select FEAT_VIEW. Select the flange shown in the following figure to show the dimension, then close the dialog box.
Select this witness line as the baseline Select this flange to display dimensions
2. Move the dimensions to the positions shown in the preceding figure using the techniques discussed earlier. 3. Switch the .05 thickness dimension to DETAIL 2, then reposition it as shown the preceding figure. 4. If the witness lines are extending too far, resize it using appropriate drag handle. Task 7. Convert the .650 and 1.700 dimensions in the upper left view to ordinate. 1. Click Edit > Linear to Ordinate .
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2. Accept the default of Create Base and select the 1.700 dimension. Specify a baseline by selecting the witness line on the left side. 3. Select the .650 dimension to convert it to ordinate. Task 8. Show the dimensions for the other flanges as ordinate dimensions. 1. Click View > Show and Erase , click the Options tab and select Switch to Ordinate. 2. Select the .00 as the ordinate baseline dimension and press the middle mouse button to finish. Select each flange to display the dimensions as ordinate. Close the dialog box. Task 9. Line up multiple dimensions using [Move & align several objects] icon. Use the draft grid to locate dimensions. Create jogs. 1. Click [Move & align several objects] icon and select each ordinate dimension. Use the middle mouse button to finish selecting and place the dimension above the view. 2. Create a draft grid to locate some jog points. Click View > Draft Grid from pull down menu, click Show Grid from the GRID MODIFY menu. 3. Click Grid Params > X&Y Spacing and enter [.2]. 4. To turn the grid snap on, click Utilities > Environment . In the ENVIRONMENT dialog box, select SNAP TO GRID and click OK . 5. Create jogs in the ordinate dimensions to increase the space between them. Click Insert Jog from pull down menu and select the .650 dimension. Select a point on the witness line to start the jog, move to another location and click to finish it. 6. Click other dimensions and create jogs on the ordinate dimensions as shown in the following figure. Note:
Once you have created jogs, you can move the locations of the jog points.
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NOTES
7. Turn off the grid and the grid snap. Click View > Draft Grid from pull down menu, click Hide Grid from GRID MODIFY menu. 8. Click Utilities > Environment , then clear the Snap to Grid check box and click OK . Task 10. Show dimensions and erase some dimension using the dialog box for any feature in a selected view only, then use the Clean Dims option to clean up the dimension display quickly. 1. Click View > Show and Erase then select VIEW for the SHOW BY option. 2. Select the view in the upper left corner and the view in the lower left corner of the drawing. Close the dialog box. 3. Clean the dimension display by moving the dimensions off of the views and one another. Click Tools > Clean Dims . 4. Select the upper and lower left views as the views to clean. Press the middle mouse button to finish selecting. 5. Click Apply to apply the default settings and close the dialog box. 6. Using the options that you used earlier in this exercise, manipulate the dimensions so that they display as shown in the following figure. You must erase some of them.
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NOTES
7. Click Erase and select SELECTED ITEMS for the Erase By option. Select the dimensions to erase, then click Close . Tips & Techniques:
When you place a dimension near two snap lines, the system prompts you to specify a snap line to which it should snap the dimension. You can use the Next option to highlight one or both snap lines and then click Accept .
Task 11. Append text to the dimensions in DETAIL 2 to annotate them as being typical. 1. Select both the .050 and .125 dimensions in DETAIL 2 using <Shift>. Click Edit > Properties. 2. Click the Dimension Text tab, then enter [TYP] in the Postfix area. Click OK to finish. 3. Turn off the display of the snap lines. Click Utilities > Environment . Clear the Snap Lines check box, click OK to close the dialog box and repaint the screen.
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Note:
The system does not plot snap lines, regardless of whether they display on the screen.
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2. Select the upper left view, then click Accept All . 3. Select Section B-B. The system shows two axes, one on top of the other. Click Sel To Keep , select one of the axes to retain, and click Done Sel . 4. Select DETAIL 1 and click Accept All . 5. Show the axes for the first protrusion. Select Feature for the SHOW BY option, select the first feature protrusion listed in the MODEL TREE, then click Done Sel . 6. Click Sel To Remove and select the axes in the 3-D view. Task 2. Show the axes using Feat_View option for the tabs in the front view and the left side view. 1. Show the axes for the tabs in the front view. Choose Feat_View for the Show By option, select a tab displayed in the front view, and click Done Sel , select front view. Click Accept All to retain the displayed axes. Note:
When using Feat_View option, you need to pay close attention to the messages.
2. Repeat this for the other tab in front view and the axes of the tabs in the left side view. 3. Show the axes for the .100 diameter hole in Section A-A. Select the hole and click Done Sel . Select Section A-A as the view in which to show the axes and click Accept All to show them.
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NOTES
4. Repeat the previous step for the lower left side view. Turn off the preview, click the Preview tab and clear the With Preview check box. Close the dialog box. 5. Manipulate the lengths of the individual axis segments in the front [Select] icon to select the segment of the axis view. Use the that you want to move. Place the axis in the new position. Notice that you only moved one segment. 6. To move all four segments of an axis perpendicular to the screen, select the name of the axis. The system moves all four segments together. 7. Use the techniques discussed previously to change the lengths of the axes on the drawing as shown in the following figure. Use [Datum Axis Display] icon to turn off the display of the axis names and repaint the screen.
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Task 1. Show the dimensions of the barrel by using the Show All option, then switch them to the correct views. 1. Retrieve BARREL_SHOW_DIMS.DRW. If you have finished the barrel drawing earlier, you can work on BARREL.DRW.
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NOTES
. If necessary,
un-select the [Axes] icon. Select SHOW ALL from the Show By area. When the system asks you to confirm, click Yes , then close the dialog box. Note:
When you use Show All , Pro/ENGINEER attempts to show the dimensions in the first view that you created on the drawing. If it cannot show a dimension in that view, it then attempts to show it in the second view, etc.
3. Switch the dimensions for the oval cut to DETAIL 1. [Switch View] icon and click the .10 and the R1.38 4. Click the radius dimensions. 5. Click the middle mouse button to finish selecting. 6. When the system prompts for a view, select DETAIL 1. 7. Note that the R1.38 dimension move to DETAIL 1, but the .10 does not. Click Done Sel to finish and move the R1.38 dimension to an appropriate position. Task 2. Using Show/Erase instead of switch view to place dimension in the right view. 1. The .10 dimension is attached to a pattern instance outside of the view's boundary. Erase the dimension. Right click the .10 dimension and choose Erase . 2. Show the cut dimensions in DETAIL 1. Using SHOW/ERASE dialogue box, click Show and select Feat_View , then select the oval cut in DETAIL 1, keep the dimension when prompted. Close the dialog box, then move the dimensions to the positions shown in the following figure.
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3. Switch the dimensions for the patterned holes to the view on the right side of the drawing. Using the technique learned early, switch the 1.25 , .75 , and 72.0 dimensions to the view on the right. Reposition the dimensions as shown in the following figure.
4. Erase the 90.0 using pop up menu. 5. Reposition the remaining dimensions as shown in the following figure.
Sh o wi n g Di m e n s i o n s Pag e 5 - 3 3
NOTES
Note:
The system does not display the width of the barrel and the hole depth dimensions because it cannot show dimensions in Align Cross-Sections, and no other view is suitable for those dimensions.
Task 3. Set part of the dimension to display in symbolic form, then change the symbolic names of the dimensions so that they are more meaningful. 1. Select both the .75 , and 4.00 dimensions using < SHIFT > and [Select] icon. Press and hold the right mouse button to bring up the pop up menu, choose Properties . 2. Click the Dimension Text tab from the DIMENSION PROPERTIES dialog box to change the dimension text for the selected dimensions. 3. In the text area, remove the diameter symbol and change the @D to an @S. Click OK to close the dialog box. 4. Click an empty location on the drawing sheet to deselect both dimensions. 5. Bring up DIMENSION PROPERTIES dialog box for D7 using technique discussed earlier.
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6. Click the Dimension Text tab and enter [CYLINDER_DIA] for the name. Click OK to close the dialog box. 7. Repeat this step to change D2 to [BARREL_DIA]. Task 4. Show the datum axes for the patterned holes on the drawing and change the appearance of radial patter axis. 1. Click View > Show and Erase > Show > from the SHOW BY area. . Select View
2. Show all the axis in the right side, left side, and DETAIL 1 views. Select the view and click Accept All when prompted. Close the dialog box. 3. Click Advanced > Draw Setup to change the axes to display at an angled orientation with a pattern circle. 4. In the drawing setup file, change the setting of radial_pattern_axis_circle to yes. Click Add/Change > OK . Repaint the screen to view the changes, as shown in the following figure.
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Task 1.
Set end cap as the active model, and show all of its dimensions.
Note:
If you have finished the upper housing drawing earlier, you can work on UPPER_HOUSING.DRW.
1. Retrieve UPPER_HOUSING_SHOW_DIMS.DRW. Click Sheets > Next to switch to sheet 2. 2. Click Views > Dwg Models > Set Model > PLUNGER_CAP_MOD_VIEWS to set the plunger cap as the active model. 3. Click View > Show and Erase > Show and ensure is the only item selected. Click Show All > Yes > Accept All . Close the dialog box. Note:
Had you not set the active model to the plunger cap, when using Show All option , dimensions from the other model
4. Click Tools > Clean Dims and select the two views of the plunger cap to clean the dimension display by moving them off the model. 5. Click Done Sel . Accept the default options and click Apply > Close . 6. Reposition the dimensions as shown in the following figure.
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NOTES
Task 2. Show some dimensions of the parts in the upper housing assembly using PART_VIEW option and move them to other locations. 1. Click Sheets > Previous to switch back to Sheet 1. 2. Click View > Show and Erase > Show > . Select PART_VIEW and select the left bolt in the lower left view, accept all dimensions. 3. Select FEAT_VIEW and select the outside surface of the plunger and the tab on the upper housing in the lower right view, as shown in the following figure. 4. Erase any dimensions that do not appear in the following figure. Click Erase then select the dimensions. Click Done Sel to finish and close the dialog box.
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Task 3. Convert the dimensions on this drawing to dual dimensions so that you can display English and metric values for each dimension. 1. Click Advanced > Draw Setup to retrieve the drawing setup file. 2. For dual_dimensioning, select
PRIMARY[SECONDARY]from the VALUE drop down list.
Click Add/Change > OK . 3. Repaint the screen if needed. 4. Clean up the dimension display by moving dimensions, if necessary. 5. Save the drawing and close the window.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can show detail items in a drawing. You can change the location of dimensions and switch them to other views. You can convert location dimensions to ordinate.
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Module
6
Creating Dimensions
In this module you learn how to create various types of dimensions.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create driven, reference and draft dimensions. Modify the dimensioning scheme of the model.
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Common Reference
If a number of dimensions you are creating reference the same piece of geometry, you can use Common Reference option to reduce mouse picks. The system uses the first reference of the first dimension as the first dimensioning reference for all dimensions that you create.
Attachment Types
When creating dimensions in drawing mode, you have more attachment types in addition to what is available in sketcher in 3-D mode.
Midpoint Center
Attach leader to the midpoint of an entity. Attach leader to the intersection of two entities. Make a line for leader attachment.
Intersect
Make Line
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C re a t i n g Dim en s i o n s
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By altering configuration file and drawing setup file in one of the following three ways, you can make subsequent draft dimensions associative. Set the drawing setup file option, ASSOCIATIVE_DIMENSIONING, to Yes and select draft entities to dimension. Set the configuration file option,
CREATE_DRAWING_DIMENSIONS_ONLY, to Yes and select model
entities to dimension. Set the configuration file option, DRAWING_MODELS_READ_ONLY, to Yes and select model entities to dimension. Note:
If the dimensions are non-associative, you must perform the procedures on them individually. If you move or rescale the draft entity, the system does not update the dimension or move it with the draft entity.
Hole Tables
You can create hole tables in a specified view. This functionality automatically creates a table for locations of drillable hole features, datum points and datum axes with respect to a coordinate system of the model.
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C re a t i n g Dim en s i o n s
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Table 1: Configuration File Options Affecting Dimension Creation Option create_fraction_dim Value no yes create_drawing_dims_only no yes Definition If set to yes, displays all dimensions as fractions. If set to yes, stores dimensions that you create in the drawing in the actual drawing. If set to no, stores them in the part. Makes the model in a drawing read-only. Highlights newly-created dimension in red; good for drawings with many dims If set to yes, displays reference dimensions within parentheses. If set to no, appends the dimension with REF.
no yes yes no
parenthesize_ref_dims
no yes
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create driven and reference dimensions on a drawing and modify the dimensioning scheme of the model.
Method
In the first exercise, you learn how to create dimensions on a drawing and learn when it is appropriate to do so. You erase some model dimensions and create some driven dimensions. You also modify the dimensioning scheme to change the design intent of the model. In the second exercise, you modify the dimensioning scheme of the barrel from within the drawing and show any new dimensions on the drawing.
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Task 1.
Create a reference dimension for the cut in the upper left view.
1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_CREATE_DIMS.DRW. If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on PLUNGER_BODY.DRW. 2. If the datum planes, datum coordinate systems, and axis names appear on the screen, turn them off.
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3. Select Insert > Reference Dimension > New Reference , accept default On Entity option. Select the edge shown in the following figure with the black end of the pointer. Locate the dimension by pressing the middle mouse button. Click Return to finish. Reposition it, if necessary.
Task 2.
1. Erase the dimensions from the drawing that you no longer need, to avoid changing the design intent of the part. Use the pop up menu to erase the .300 dimension in the lower left view and the 1.750 dimension in the upper left view. 2. Use the [Switch view] icon to move the .500 dimension on the left side of the upper left view to the lower left view. ! ! ! Select [Switch view] icon and select the .500 dimension.
Press the middle mouse button to finish. Select the lower left view to display the dimension.
3. Convert the .500 and 3.000 dimensions in the lower left view to ordinate. Select Edit > Linear to Ordinate and select the 3.000 dimension. Select the left side witness line as the baseline, as shown in the following figure. Select the .500 dimension to convert it, as well.
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Figure 4: Converting to Ordinate Dimension [Move and align objects] icon, select the two 4. Click the dimensions and the baseline to align the ordinate dimensions. Press the middle mouse button to finish selecting, then place the dimensions using left button. 5. Select Insert > Dimension > Ordinate , accept the default Create Dims and select the .00 baseline to create driven dimensions for the cuts in the lower left view, as shown in the following figure. 6. Left click the vertical edge of the flat cut and press the middle mouse button at the location where you want to display the dimension. Select the second edge and press the middle mouse button where you want to display that dimension. 7. Align all the ordinate dimensions.
Select this edge for the second driven dimension reference.
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Task 3. Modify the dimensioning scheme in drawing mode to accommodate a change in the design intent. Dimension the tabs on the open end of the plunger body from the other tabs. Show any new dimensions on the drawing. 1. Click Edit > Redefine Feature . Select Query Sel and select the tab shown in the following figure. 2. Click Next until the tab protrusion highlights, then click Accept . A sub-window appears along with the dialog box for the tab elements.
Modify the scheme of this tab first
3. Click Section > Define> Sketch . 4. Click Sketch > Dimension > Normal and select the center of the sketched arc to create a new dimension to locate the tab to the other tab on the left side of the model. 5. Select the cylindrical surface of the other tab on the front of the model and place the dimension with the middle mouse button. Delete the .50 dimension. 6. Click Sketch > Done and OK to finish the section. Repaint the drawing to show the changes.
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NOTES
Note:
The .500 location dimension disappeared from the drawing because you deleted it. The system does not automatically show the new dimension. To display it, you must show it again.
7. Repeat the procedure for the other tab. After changing the dimensioning scheme of the second tab, show the new dimensions on the drawing. and select FEAT_VIEW, 8. Click View > Show and Erase > then click the tab shown in the following figure. Close the dialog box and move the dimension as shown in the following figure.
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Task 1. Create two driven dimensions in Section A-A for the barrel width and hole depth. 1. Retrieve BARREL_CREATE_DIMS.DRW. If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on BARREL.DRW. 2. Click Insert > Dimension > New Reference . Accept the defaults, then select the bottom edge of the barrel in Section A-A. Press the middle mouse button where you want to display the dimension, as shown in previous figure.
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NOTES
3. Select the horizontal edge of one of the blind holes and press the middle mouse button to place the dimension. Reposition the dimension, if necessary. Task 2. Modify dimension scheme. The dimensioning scheme of the radial holes in the barrel includes a linear dimension from the center axis to the axis of the radial hole. Change the design intent to use a diameter dimension instead. 1. Click Edit > Redefine Feature . Click Query Sel and select the hole shown in the following figure. Click Next until the hole is highlighted, then click Accept . 2. A sub-window appears along with the dialog box for the hole.
3. From the dialog box, select Diameter from the PLACEMENT TYPE drop-down menu. Select the green checkmark to accept. The system closes the sub-window, and automatically shows a diameter dimension for redefined hole. Task 3. Change the name of a dimension and display symbolic name.
1. Select the 2.50 diameter dimension and use the pop-up menu to bring up the DIMENSION PROPERTY dialog box. 2. Click the Dimension Text tab. In the text area, remove the diameter symbol and change the @D to @S. In the Name area, type [CENTERLINE_DIA], then close the dialog box.
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3. Reposition the Centerline_Dia dimension as shown in the following figure. Task 4. Create an angular dimension to locate the patterned holes.
1. Click Insert > Dimension > New Reference . 2. Accept the defaults, then select the axes lines shown in the following figure. 3. Place the dimension using the middle mouse button. Reposition as necessary.
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1. Retrieve the ROTOR_SHIELD_FLAT.DRW. If you have finished the exercises in chapter 1, you can work on ROTOR_SHIELD.DRW that you previously saved. 2. Replace the drawing model with it family table instance. Click View > Dwg Models > Replace . 3. Select SHEETMETAL_FLAT1. Click Open . The drawing should display the flat state of the sheetmetal part. Task 2. Insert Ordinate dimensions on the flat state sheet metal part automatically. 1. Click Insert > Dimension > Ordinate > Auto Create . 2. In the lower left view, select the surface shown in the following picture.
NOTES
4. Repaint the screen. The view should display the following figure.
Task 3.
1. Click Advanced > Hole Table > Create > Holes . 2. Select the same coordinate system used in the previous task. 3. Locate the table on top of the view, as shown in the following picture.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create driven, reference and draft dimensions. You can modify the dimensioning scheme of the model.
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Module
7
Creating Notes
In this module, you learn how to create a drawing note, add it to a drawing, and manipulate it. You also learn how to use style libraries to store text styles for your drawings.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create notes on a drawing. Manipulate drawing notes. Use style libraries to store text styles.
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NOTES
User-Defined Parameters
To associate specific information to a model (such as the color, cost, or vendor), you can create a user-defined parameter at the part, assembly, or drawing level. To place a user-defined parameter in a drawing note, you must precede the name of the parameter with an ampersand (for example, &total_holes).
Drawing Labels
You can use the following drawing labels in a note, preceded by an ampersand:
&todays_date Adds the date of the notes creation. To control the format of the date, set the configuration file option todays_date_note_format. &model_name &dwg_name &scale &type
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&format
&linear_tol_0_0 through &linear_tol_0_000000 Adds linear tolerance values for one to six decimal places. &angular_tol_0_0 through &angular_tol_0_000000
Adds angular
User-Defined Symbols
You can add a user-defined symbol to a note such as electronic symbol or welding symbols by entering [&sym(symbol_name)]. For example, to include the symbol delta in a note, enter [&sym(delta)] using the keyboard.
Special Symbols
You can add common drawing symbols to a note by selecting them from the Symbol Palette tool displayed on your screen during the note creation process.
Manipulating Notes
Once you have placed a note on a drawing, you can change it in various ways.
Deleting notes
After selected using the < DEL >. [Select] icon, notes can be easily deleted using
C re a t i n g N o t e s
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NOTES
Moving a Note
Using various techniques, you can change the location of a note in a drawing at any time. After a note is selected, the drag handles will be displayed along with highlighted note. Depending on the note type different drag handles is needed. You can move a free note or one that has a standard leader to any location using the drag handle at the center of the note If you created the note with a normal or tangent leader, the system constrains the note leader to a particular orientation, using the center drag handle, you can only move it along the leader line. To rotate the note, you can use the drag handle at the attachment point. must modify the attachment of the arrow. Since the arrow must stay normal or tangent to the entity, if you move the arrow, the note moves with it. To attach the leader of a note to a different entity, you can use the Mod Attach command located in the pop up menu.
Resize note
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C re a t i n g N o t e s
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Saving Notes
To avoid having to retype standard notes, you can save them for future use in other drawings. Using the configuration file option pro_note_dir, you can set up a library of standard notes that contain parameters, special symbols, and super- or subscripted text. However, you cannot include information concerning text style such as text height, text width, text angle, and slant angle. You must change this information manually after placing the note. You can save a note using one of these methods: When editing a note using ENTER TEXT dialog box, you can open system text editor to edit and save the note. You should save the note as plain text with a .txt extension. Use the INFO pull-down menu at the top of the Pro/ENGINEER main window to write it to a file. The system saves each selected note as a separate file. When specifying the filename, do not add the extensionPro/ENGINEER automatically appends .txt and a version number, for example .txt.1. If you type the same filename, it increments this extension automatically to avoid overwriting an existing file.
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Text Fields
Pro/ENGINEER separates a note into portions referred to as text fields, as shown in the following figure. You can manipulate text fields separately from the rest of the note, for example, assigning text style. The system breaks up text strings into portions wherever there is a new line of text or a parameter (such as dimensions), and encloses each portion of the text in {} (braces), giving it an integer label. Labels identify the initial order of the text, and any attributes for that portion.
1.50 THROUGH HOLE ONE PLACE {0: }{1:&d23}{2:THROUGH HOLE} {3:ONE PLACE} Figure 4: Text Fields
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To use a table to reused text style, first, you need to create a table in a drawing that uses the styles and save it; then retrieve it into the second drawing. Once you have brought the table into the second drawing, you can use its styles. You should then place the table on a layer and blank it so that it does not show on the drawing.
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C re a t i n g N o t e s
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draw_attach_sym_width
C re a t i n g N o t e s
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NOTES
LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create and manipulate drawing notes.
Method
In the first exercise, you create parametric notes on the plunger body drawing and manipulate the text style of other notes on the drawing. In the second exercise, you add a prefix to the increment angle between holes and also use a parameter to display the number of holes in the view note.
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Task 1. Create a parametric note for the holes in Section B-B. The note should include the diameter of the through hole and the diameter and depth of the counterbore. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_CREATE_NOTES.DRW. If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on PLUNGER_BODY.DRW. 2. Create a note with a standard leader for the holes in Section B-B. Click Insert > Note > Leader > Make Note . 3. Select the left side edge of the through hole in Section B-B. 4. Click Done Sel > Done . Locate the note as shown in the following figure.
5. Select the symbols from the SYMBOL PALETTE window and type the text as shown in the following figure. For example, you would enter &d63 to have the .100 diameter dimension appear.
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6. Click Done/Return . Task 2. Edit view note by adding PARTIAL to the note.
1. Change the note below Section B-B to include the word PARTIAL [Select] icon, select the note in the second line. Using the below Section B-B. Hold down the right mouse button again and click Edit Text . 2. In the ENTER TEXT dialog box, press the left mouse button at the end of the first line, press <ENTER>, and type [PARTIAL] to add the word partial in the second line of the note. 3. Click OK to finish modifying the note. Task 3. Create a new text style to use for the cross-section names. Apply the created text style for the word Section in the view notes. 1. Click Format > Text Style Gallery then click New . 2. Type [sections] for the style name. 3. From the FONT drop-down list, select Filled . 4. For the height, clear the default check box and type [.25]. 5. Type [15 ] for the slant angle. 6. Specify the justification for the text by selecting CENTER from the JUSTIFY HORIZ drop-down list. 7. Click OK and then close the TEXT STYLE LIBRARY dialog box. 8. Click Format > Text Style and select the word Section in the view notes for Sections A-A and B-B. Click Done Sel . 9. From the STYLE NAME drop-down list, select SECTIONS. Select Apply > OK to make the changes. Task 4. Define a new text style by copying the text style that you just created. Apply the text style to A-A and B-B. 1. Click Format > Text Style Gallery > New . 2. Type [sect_names] as the NEW NAME, STYLE NAME.
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3. From the COPY FROM, STYLE NAME drop-down list, select SECTIONS to copy the settings. 4. Type [.35] in the HEIGHT text box. Click OK > Close . 5. Click Format > Text Style and select A-A and B-B in the view notes for these sections. Click Done Sel . From the STYLE NAME drop-down list, select SECT_NAMES. Click Apply > OK . 6. Reposition the notes directly beneath the corresponding views. Select the view name Section A-A. Center it beneath the view. Repeat this for Section B-B. Task 5. Create a note by reading in an existing text file . Locate the note in the lower left corner of the drawing. Change text in the first line of the note. 1. Click Insert > Note > No Leader > File > Make Note . 2. Place the note in the lower left corner of the drawing. 3. Open note.txt. The note appears on the drawing. Click Done/Return . Reposition the note, if necessary. [Select] icon. Hold 4. Select the note below Section B-B using the down the right mouse button and click Edit Text. 5. Backspace over the 0.10 and type [0.15] in its place. Task 6. Modify the view note for DETAIL 1. Add a new line that calls out the number of places in which the tab exists on the model. Make the note center-justified. 1. Edit the view note for DETAIL 1 using the pop up menu. 2. Add a third line to the note and type [4 PLACES]. Close the editor to finish the note. 3. Click Format > Text Style and select the view note for DETAIL 1. Select CENTER from the JUSTIFICATION HORIZONTAL dropdown list. Click Apply > OK to finish the modification. 4. Reposition the view note for DETAIL 1 directly beneath the view.
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Task 7. Create a note for the 1.125 diameter cut in the center view. Alter the default text field and change the note to read m instead of mm. 1. Click Insert > Note > Leader > Enter > Normal Ldr > Make Note . 2. Accept Arrow Head and select the edge of the cut in the front view. Locate the note and enter it as shown in the following figure. Note:
Use the technique discussed earlier to include the dimension in the note.
3. Reposition the note using appropriate drag handle. Change the text fields so that the first m in 20 mm is in its own separate text field. Select the new note. Right click and select Properties . 4. Separate the first m into a new text field. Change {3:FINISH SURFACE TO 20mm}, to {3:FINISH SURFACE TO 20}{4:m}{5:m}. Click OK to close the dialog box. 5. Modify the text style for the first m in the note in the front view. Click the Text Style from the FORMAT pull down menu. Click the first m in the note, followed by Done Sel . 6. Select CAL_GREK from the FONT drop-down list. For Height, clear the Default check box and enter [0.15]. Click Apply. Click OK to finish. 7. Save and close the drawing.
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Task 1. Show notes and add a prefix to the increment angle for the patterned holes to show the number of holes. 1. Retrieve BARREL_CREATE_NOTES.DRW. If you have finished the barrel drawing earlier, you can work on BARREL.DRW. 2. Show the note for the patterned holes in the left side view. Click View > Show and Erase . Click Show > > Show All . Click Yes to confirm. Choose Accept All > Close .
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3. Obtain the symbol for the number of patterned holes. Click Info > Switch Dimensions from the pull-down menu. Switch Dimensions again to return to the numeric form. 4. Add a prefix to the 72-degree increment angle in the right side view. Select the 72-degree angle dimension. Use the pop up menu to bring up the DIMENSION PROPERTIES dialog box. In the Dimension Text tab, type [&p0 x] in the PREFIX area. Click OK . Task 2. Modify the view note for DETAIL 1 to include the number of holes in the barrel. Use the parameter for the number of holes so that the note updates automatically if the number changes. 1. Add a third line to the view note for DETAIL 1 that calls out the number of slots on the model. Edit the view note for DETAIL 1 using the technique learn earlier. 2. Add a third line and type [&p0 PLACES]. Click OK to close the dialog box. 3. Save and close the drawing.
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1. Retrieve the ROTOR_SHIELD.DRW saved in Chapter 1. 2. Notice that the note at the top of the drawing is in a location that may interfere with the Top view. 3. Change the size of the note by dragging the margin. 4. Select the note using the red. [Select] icon. The note will highlight
5. Click the drag handle that is displayed as a little rectangular box on the right hand side of the note. Your mouse cursor will turn into a Drag icon when near the box 6. Move the mouse cursor to the left to resize the margin 7. Click again to finish. 8. Move the note using the center drag handle as necessary. 9. Notice that the note has populated with the model parameters (Modeled _by, Job Number, Revision, Vendor, and Material). Click Info > Switch Dimensions to verify. Task 2. (Optional) Manipulating the embedded MS Word object. Use spell check functionality in Microsoft Word. 1. There is another note at the bottom of the drawing. This note is a Microsoft Word document embedded into the drawing. 2. Double-Click on the note. A small Microsoft Word window with the note inside is displayed. Notice that the Microsoft Word icons show up below the Pro/ENGINEER icons. [Spelling and Grammar] icon and change drawin to 3. Hit the drawing. 4. Click outside of the note window twice to finish.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create notes on a drawing. You can manipulate drawing notes. You can use style libraries to store text styles.
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Module
8
Tolerances on Drawings
In this module, you learn how to work with linear and geometric tolerances at the part and drawing level.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Change the format and values of linear tolerances. Create and modify geometric tolerances.
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LINEAR TOLERANCES
Linear tolerance can be used to specify the allowable deviation of a product from the exact size specified by a dimension. In Pro/ENGINEER, you can regenerate a model at the limits specified by linear tolerances. It will affect model geometry.
Tolerance Standard
When you create a model, Pro/ENGINEER assigns it a tolerance standard of ISO or ANSI based on the configuration file option tolerance_standard. ANSI standard linear tolerance is based on the nominal dimensions number of digits. ISO standard linear tolerance is based on a set of tolerance tables. 1The details of manipulating ISO standard linear tolerance can be found in Appendix. In this module, we only discuss ANSI standard linear tolerance.
Tolerance Format
The format of the linear tolerances is controlled by the configuration file option tol_mode. The following table lists the values of this option. You can use these values to specify the formats for linear tolerances.
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Table 1: Tolerance Formats Limits Displays the dimensional tolerance as the upper and lower limits. Displays the dimension as a nominal dimension. Displays the dimension with a plus value and a minus value. Displays the dimension with a single value.
Tolerance Value
The tolerance values are controlled by a number of options such as linear_tol, linear_tol_0.0, linear_tol_0.00, angular_tol, angular_tol_0.0, angular_tol_0.00. linear_tol_0.0, linear_tol_0.00 specify a range for default tolerance of linear dimensions. It works in conjunction with number of decimal places of dimensions. linear_tol An alternate format for setting default linear tolerance dimensions. First value sets the number of decimal places. Second value is the actual tolerance. For example, 6 0.000025 means when the decimal places is set to 6, the default tolerance is 0.000025.
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The configuration file options that controls tolerance format and values are not retroactive. When you change them, it only affects new models. For existing models you have to manually change linear tolerance for each dimension. If you need to change the format and value of the majority of tolerance in a model, you should do that in drawing mode. Simply show all dimensions, use pick box to select all dimensions and then edit their properties to change tolerance format and value. Again, this can be avoided by setting up format and value before creating the model. If you specify a new tolerance format and value at the part, assembly, or drawing level, the system reflects that change in every mode of Pro/ENGINEER. Therefore, the tolerance format for a dimension is the same in Part, Assembly, and Drawing mode. To differentiate the tolerance format of a dimension from others, you can control the display independently in Drawing mode. As a result, you can show tolerances on a drawing without having to view them in the part or assembly.
GEOMETRIC TOLERANCES
You can use geometric tolerances (gtols) to specify the maximum allowable deviation of a product from the exact size and shape specified by designers. Geometric tolerances provide a comprehensive method of specifying the location of the parts critical surfaces, how they relate to one another, and how the part should be inspected to determine if it is acceptable. When you store a Pro/ENGINEER geometric tolerance in a solid model, it contains parametric references to the geometry or feature it controlsits referenced entityand parametric references to referenced datums and axes. As a result, the system updates the gtols display when you rename a referenced datum. It creates geometric tolerances as annotations, and always associates them with the model. Unlike dimensional tolerances, geometric tolerances do not have any effect on the part geometry.
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Setting Datums
You can change the name of a datum plane, set it for use in a gtol, and control its placement. To set a datum, you can create a new one or modify an existing datum plane or axis.
Note:
Renaming datums could affect any layouts to which you have declared them.
The system displays a set datum on the screen regardless of the datum display setting in the ENVIRONMENT dialog box. In Drawing mode, you can remove it from the drawing by erasing it from a particular view. In Part or Assembly mode, you can place a set datum on a layer and blank it to remove it from the display.
Reference Entity
After you have defined the model, you must specify the reference entity (the geometry or feature that the gtol controls). The system does not use the reference entity in place of a set datum or as an attachment type for the gtol. The available reference entity types change based on the type of geometric tolerance that you are creating.
Placement Entity
Once you have specified the type, the model, and the reference entity, you can attach the gtol symbol to an entity on the model, known as the
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placement entity. The following placement types are available, depending on the gtol type: Attaching it to a dimension, datum, or another gtol. Using a leader. Displaying it as a free note. Creating a dimension to which you can attach it (in Drawing mode only).
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Set Boundary
You can set up a projected tolerance zone to display inside or below the gtol, and also specify a value for the zone height.
Additional Text on right
option allows you add the Boundary label to a GTOL as per ASME Y14.5M - 1994 standard
After you have defined the geometric tolerance, you can place it on the drawing and move it. You can either define another gtol immediately or end gtol creation.
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Table 2: Configuration File Options Affecting Linear Tolerances Option tol_display tol _mode Value no yes limits nominal plusminus plusminussym linear_tol angular_tol # tolerance Sets tolerance display for linear and angular dimensions. # is the number of places after the decimal point and tolerance is the actual value of the tolerance. Sets tolerance standard when creating the model. Controls display of the small tolerance block on the screen. Sets the default tolerance class for ISO tolerance standard models. Definition Displays dimensions with or without tolerances. Sets default display of tolerances.
tolerance_standard display_dwg_tol_tags
ANSI ISO
yes
Sets the default directory for user-defined tolerance tables for ISO tolerance standard models. Determines whether the Geometric Tolerance dialog restricts the user by graying out elements that are considered illegal
restricted_gtol_dialog
yes
no
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tol_display
no yes
Controls the display of dimension tolerances. The Environment dialog box is not available in Drawing mode.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To show linear and geometric tolerances on a drawing.
Method
In this exercise, you show linear tolerances in Part and Drawing mode, and modify the tolerance values and formats. You also create geometric tolerances on the plunger body drawing.
NOTES
Task 1. Display the tolerance display in the part. Modify the format and values of some tolerances. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_TOLERANCES.DRW. 2. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_TOLERANCES.PRT. Note:
If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on PLUNGER_BODY.DRW and PLUNGER_BODY.PRT instead.
3. Click Modify and select the surface of the front tab to show the dimensions for the front tab. The system displays the dimensions in a nominal format, as shown in the following figure.
4. Click Utilities > Environment , select the Dimension Tolerances check box and click OK to turn on the tolerance display. 5. Modify the format of the 2.50 location dimension. Click Dimension from the MODIFY menu and select the 2.50 dimension. Click Done Sel . 6. In the DIMENSION PROPERTIES dialog box, change the tolerance format and the tolerance limits. Select PLUS-MINUS from the TOLERANCE MODE drop-down list.
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7. Type [.02] in the UPPER TOLERANCE text box, and type [.03] in the LOWER TOLERANCE text box. Click OK . 8. Modify the format and tolerance limit of the 0.100 location dimension. Select the 0.100 dimension and click Done Sel . 9. Select +- Symmetric from the TOLERANCE MODE drop-down list. Type [2] in the NUMBER OF DIGITS text box, then type [.02] in the TOLERANCE text box. Click OK . 10. Close the window for the part and activate the window for the drawing. Task 2. Turn on the tolerance display in the drawing. Modify the format and values of some tolerances. 1. Click Advanced > Draw Setup . In the drawing setup file, change the setting for the tol_display option to yes . Click Add/Change > OK . 2. Repaint the screen and click Done/Return . 3. Modify the tolerance format and values of the .250 dimension in the upper left view. Select the .250 dimension, right click and choose Properties . 4. Change the tolerance format and the tolerance limits. Select PlusMinus from the TOLERANCE MODE drop-down list. 5. Type [2] in the NUMBER OF DIGITS text box. Type [.02] in the UPPER TOLERANCE text box. Type [.03] in the LOWER TOLERANCE text box. Click OK . 6. Change any dimensions that appear in limits format to nominal. Select dimensions to modify and click Done Sel . Select Nominal from the TOLERANCE MODE drop-down list and click OK . Click Done/Return . Task 3. Create a geometric tolerance for parallelism and display it on the 3.00 dimension in the lower left view. Use datum A as a reference. 1. Use the toolbar icons to turn on the datum planes, and repaint the screen. 2. Reposition the datum planes appropriately in order to create gtols. Create a new datum plane through the left side surface of the lower
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left view. Click Insert > Datum > Plane to display the DATUM dialog box. 3. Define datum plane A through the surface shown in the following figure. Enter [A] in the NAME section of the dialog box and click On Surface . 4. Click Query Sel and then select the surface. Click Next until you highlight the side surface, then click Accept . Click -A- in the TYPE area of the dialog box to set the datum. Select FREE and click OK .
5. Use the [Select] icon to position the new datum as shown in the preceding figure. Experiment with the two drag handles. Turn off the datum planes and repaint the screen. 6. Erase the extra datum flags from Section A-A and the upper left view. Select the datum flags for datum A in Section A-A and the upper left view, press right mouse button and choose Erase . 7. Click on the empty background to finish. 8. Create the gtol for parallelism on the 3.00 dimension in the lower Select left view. Click Insert > Geometric Tolerance > PLUNGER_BODY_TOLERANCES.PRT from the MODEL dropdown list. 9. Define the gtol for parallelism on the right side surface. Select SURFACE from the REFERENCE TYPE drop-down list, then select the surface shown in the following figure.
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10. Select DIMENSION from the PLACEMENT TYPE drop-down list and select the 3.000 dimension.
7. Click Datum Refs , then select A from the BASIC drop-down list as the primary reference. 8. Define the tolerance value and a least material condition. Click Tol Value and type [0.006] as the overall tolerance value. Select LMC from the MATERIAL CONDITION drop-down list. Click OK to finish the gtol. The tolerance should appear as shown in the following figure except it is displayed vertically.
Task 4. Create a geometric tolerance for concentricity and display it on the 0.250 diameter dimension in the center view. Use datum axis D as the datum reference, which is the axis for this hole. You must rename the axis. 1. Use the toolbar to turn on the axis names and repaint the screen. 2. Change the name of datum axis A_32 and set it. Select axis A_32 in Section A-A. Right click and choose Properties . In the AXIS dialog box, change the name of the axis to [D]. Click -A- in the TYPE area of the dialog box to set the datum. Select FREE and click OK to place the datum with a free placement. 3. Remove the set datum axis from other views using pop up menu.
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4. Create the gtol for concentricity on the 0.250 diameter dimension in the front view. Click Insert > Geometric Tolerance > and accept the default PLUNGER_BODY_tolerance.PRT from the MODEL drop-down list. 5. Select SURFACE from the REFERENCE TYPE drop-down list and select the surface shown in the following figure. 6. Select DIMENSION from the PLACEMENT TYPE drop-down list and then select the 0.25 dimension.
7. Click Datum Refs and select D from the BASIC drop-down list as the primary reference. 8. Define the tolerance value and a least material condition. Click Tol Value and type [0.003] as the Overall Tolerance value. Select LMC from the MATERIAL CONDITION drop-down list. 9. Define the tolerance to include the diameter symbol. Click Symbols , select the Diameter Symbol check box. The tolerance should appear as shown in the following figure.
10. Click New Gtol to repeat these steps to create the gtol for the 1.125 diameter dimension for the cut, as shown in the Plunger Body Drawing at the beginning of the exercise. Reference the cylindrical surface of the cut and attach the gtol to the 1.125
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diameter dimension. The complete gtol should appear as shown in the following figure. Click Done/Return .
Note:
The system displays the concentric gtol under the dimension because the configuration file option gtol_dim_placement controls its location.
Task 5. Modify the values and information in some of the geometric tolerances that you just created. 1. Click Edit > Value and select the tolerance value .004 in the gtol for the 1.125 diameter. Enter [.005]. 2. Select the gtol for the .250 diameter hole. Right click and choose Properties . Click the Tol Value tab. Select MMC from the MATERIAL CONDITION drop-down list. Click OK . 3. Save and close the drawing.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can change the format and values of linear tolerances. You can create and modify geometric tolerances.
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Module
9
Drawing Tables
In this module, you learn how to create and manipulate drawing tables.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create and manipulate drawing tables. Save drawing tables for use in future drawings.
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The system prompts you to locate the first corner of the table based on the direction that you have defined. If you have defined the table direction as descending and rightward, for example, the system prompts you to locate the upper left corner.
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Entering a value
You must define a value for each column and row. To specify the units, set the drawing setup file option drawing_units.
To select the number of characters, you must select an area on the number bar that appears on the screen, as shown in the following figure. Pro/ENGINEER automatically places padding that is half of a character wide at each end of the cell which means that if you select the 7 in the number bar, you can only fit 6 characters in that cell. Therefore, you should place the cursor slightly beyond the number that you actually want. For example, if you want 8 characters, you should select between the 8 and the 9 in the number bar.
Selecting the number of characters Select here to fit eight characters in the cell
Note:
After you specify the size of the cell by selecting the number of characters to fit in a cell, you can still enter more characters. If you add more characters than the cell can accommodate, they overlap into neighboring cells. Text does not automatically wrap and the cells do not automatically grow. To do that, you need to use wrap text functionality.
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Modifying the Text Style and Setting the Justification for Individual Cell
Once you have placed text in a table cell, you can change its style.
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Text in a cell behaves the same way as a note when assigning text style. As discussed in an earlier chapter, Pro/ENGINEER actually breaks up the cell contents into text fields that you can manipulate separately from the rest of the cell text. To set justification of cells after entering text, you need to change the text style instead of setting the justification for the Columns. You can select all of the text that should have the same justification to avoid having to repeat the procedure.
Wrapping text
If the text overlap into neighboring cells, you can use the wrap text functionality to fit text inside the cell.
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You can wrap text in a specific cell. You can wrap text in a row or column using pop up menu. If wrapping text doesnt solve the problem, you need to change the cell size of text size.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create a table in the drawing.
Method
In this exercise, you create a drawing table, and then modify the table size and format. You also add text to the table and change the style of the table text.
1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_TABLES.DRW. You can work on PLUNGER_BODY.DRW, if you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier. 2. If the datum planes, datum coordinate systems, and axis names appear on the screen, turn them off and repaint the screen. 3. Switch the cross-section and detailed views to a new sheet. Click Sheets > Switch Sheet , then select the cross-section and detailed views to switch. Click Done Sel > Done to finish. 4. Reposition the views as shown in the following figure. 5. Return to Sheet 1 and move the views to new positions, as shown in the following figure.
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NOTES
Task 2. Create a drawing table that presents the revision history of the drawing. The table should consist of three rows and three columns. 1. Click Table > Create . 2. Define the table so that it grows toward the bottom left of the sheet. Click Descending > Leftward . 3. Select near the upper right corner of the drawing for the table origin. 4. Using the left mouse button, select immediately after the second zero to create the first column (20 characters wide). 5. Select immediately after the first zero to create the second column (10 characters wide). 6. Select immediately after the first 5 to create the third column (5 characters wide). 7. Press the middle mouse button to finish creating the columns. 8. Using the left mouse button, select immediately after the number 2 to create the first row (2 characters high). 9. Select immediately after the number 1 to create the second and third rows. 10. Press the middle mouse button to finish creating the rows. The table should appear as shown in the following figure.
10
Task 3. Set up the columns of the table as left and middle-justified. Add text to the cells in the table. Enter text after justification. 1. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Justify > Column . Click Left > Middle . Select all three columns of the table to set the justification.
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2. Click Enter Text and select the upper left table cell. 3. Type [REV] for the first line of text. When the system prompts you to enter the second line of text, press <ENTER>. 4. Select the upper middle table cell, type [DATE], and press <ENTER>. 5. Select the upper right table cell, type [DESCRIPTION], and press <ENTER>. 6. Repeat the process until the table appears as shown in the following figure.
Task 4. Change the text style of the column headers. Increase the text height, make the font bold, and center-justify the headers. 1. Click Format > Text Style . Select the three column headers, then click Done Sel . 2. Select Filled from the FONT drop-down list. 3. Type [.30] in the TEXT HEIGHT dialog box. 4. Select Center from the JUSTIFY HORIZ drop-down list. 5. Click Apply > Close . Task 5. Add a new row to the bottom of the table to indicate a new revision. 1. Click Table > Mod Rows/Cols > Insert > Row . 2. Select the bottom border of the last row. Tips & Techniques:
If you insert the row incorrectly, you can use the Remove option to delete any unnecessary rows or columns.
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3. Enter the text into the new cells as shown in the following figure.
Task 6. Create a new table on the drawing to display the release information. The table should consist of three columns and three rows. 1. Click Create > Descending > Rightward > By Length . 2. Locate this table below the first table. 3. Create a table that is similar to the one in the following figure. 4. For each column width, enter [1.0]. 5. For the height of the first row, enter [1.0] 6. For the height of the second row, enter [.5]. 7. For the height of the third row, enter [.8]. 8. Define the justification of the cell. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Justify > Column , then click Center > Middle . Select all three columns of the table to set the justification. 9. Merge the cells of the first row. Click Modify Table > Merge > Rows & Cols , then select the upper left cell and the upper right cell of the table. 10. Merge the cells of the second row. Select the left cell and the right cell of the second row. The table should appear as shown in the following figure.
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Original cells
Merged cells
Task 7.
Enter text into the table and manipulate the text style.
1. Click Enter Text and select the top row. 2. Type [RELEASED PRINT] for the first line, [RESPONSIBLE ENGINEERING ACTIVITY] for the second line, and press <ENTER> to finish entering text. 3. Change the size and justification of text you just entered. Use the [Select] icon to select the text. Press the right mouse button, and choose Modify Text Style . 4. In the TEXT STYLE dialog box, type [.1] in the HEIGHT text box. 5. Select Center from the JUSTIFY HORIZ drop-down list and Top from the JUSTIFY VERT drop-down list. Click Apply. Close the dialog box. 6. Change the height of RELEASED PRINT. Select Text Style from the FORMAT pull down menu. Select RELEASED PRINT, followed by Done Sel . Clear the default check box for height. Enter [.15] as the height. 7. Click OK to close the dialog box. 8. Using the same technique, enter [REA ORG CODE] in the second row. Set text height to .1, Left / Middle justified. 9. Enter [REV], [REL DATE] and [REL BY] in the bottom three cells. Set text height to .1, center / bottom justified.
D ra w i n g T ab l e s
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10. Click Apply > Close . The table should appear as shown in the following figure.
11. Save this table for future use. Click Save/Retrieve from the TABLE menu, then click Store and select the table. Type [RELEASE_INFO] as the table name. 12. Save and close the drawing.
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5. Drag the modified cell all the way down the column to copy the equation change. 6. Notice how the Graphs in both the Excel and Pro/ENGINEER update with the new values. Close the Excel window and return to the drawing. Task 2. Play an embedded movie.
1. Click Sheets > Next to go to Sheet 2. 2. Right click the inserted object and select Play Object . 3. Locate the movie file if prompted. 4. After the movie is played, erase the drawing.
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Note:
The integration of commonly used programs such as the Microsoft applications, along with other types of objects (MPEGs), can make the documentation a much easier, more robust, and efficient process.
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MODULE SUMMARY
In this module, you have learned that: You can create and manipulate drawing tables. You can save drawing tables for use in future drawings.
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Module
10
Cosmetic Features
In this module, you learn how to create cosmetic features on a part. Also, you learn how to use User Defined Features (UDFs) to customize the cosmetic threads note.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create sketched cosmetic features. Create cosmetic threads and show the parameters on a drawing. Create cosmetic threads, countersinks, counterbores, and tapping automatically using the Standard Hole functionality.
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COSMETIC SKETCHES
Sketched cosmetic features are none solid features that you draw on the surface of a part, such as company logos or serial numbers that are stamped on an object. Other features cannot reference sketched cosmetic features. Unlike solid features, you can set the color, font(if use text), and line style of cosmetic sketched features. You can set each individual geometry segment, whether it is a segment within a feature, a single feature or a pattern, to a line style
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NOTES Sketch
COSMETIC THREADS
A cosmetic thread uses a magenta halo to represent the diameter of a thread. Unlike other cosmetic features, you cannot modify the line style of a cosmetic thread, and hidden line display settings in the ENVIRONMENT dialog box do not affect them.
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Starting Surface
To specify the starting surface, you can select a quilt surface, regular Pro/ENGINEER surface, or split surface (such as a surface that belongs to a revolved feature, chamfer, round, or swept feature). You must then specify the direction of the thread.
Depth
To define the thread depth, you can use Blind , Upto Pnt/Vtx , Upto Curve , and Upto Surface . You must then specify a value or reference.
Thread Diameter
To define the thread diameter, you can accept the default value that the system provides based on the diameter of the thread surface. The geometry of the thread surface determines if the thread is external or internal. If it is a shaft, the thread is external. If it is a hole, the thread is internal. For an internal thread, the default diameter value is 10 percent larger than the hole diameter. For an external thread, the default diameter value is 10 percent smaller than the shaft.
Note Parameters
The following table lists the parameters that you can define for a thread. You can define some of them when you initially create the thread. For example, the system bases the major diameter and placement on the values that you specify for the diameter of the thread. In the following table, pitch is the distance between two threads.
Table 1: Parameters for Thread Definition Parameter Name MAJOR_DIAMETER THREADS_PER_INCH THREAD_FORM CLASS PLACEMENT METRIC Parameter Value Number Number String Number Character TRUE/FALSE Parameter Description Thread major diameter Threads per inch (1/pitch) Thread form Thread class Thread placement (A-external, B-internal) Thread is metric
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You can manipulate thread parameters just as you would manipulate other user-defined parameters, (add, modify, delete, or display them). Thread parameters can be saved in parameter files that can be reused later.
Placement
Pro/ENGINEER assign the initial thread placement value in the parameter file based on whether the thread is external (surface geometry is a shaft) or internal (surface geometry is a hole).
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NOTES Class
Major diameter
Form
Placement
The postfix :att after each parameter is used to ensure that the system uses the parameters of the feature to which you attach the note.
:att
[.#] By adding [.#] after a parameter, you can control the number of
decimal places of a parameter such as the threads per inch parameter. # is the number of decimal places desired, as shown
in the
following figure.
&MAJOR_DIAMETER:att-&THREADS_PER_INCH:att[.0] &FORM:att-&CLASS:att &PLACEMENT:att
:att uses the parameter for the feature to which the note is attached
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USER-DEFINED FEATURES
To establish a library of common geometry that you can save for future use, you can create user-defined features (UDFs)groups of features, their references, and dimensions. The following figure shows screw boss geometry as an example of a UDF. It contains 1 protrusion, 1 hole, 4 ribs, and a draft feature.
NOTES
Once you create and save a UDF, you can reuse it quickly on future models, as well as display cosmetic thread notes according to your company standard. If you set up the thread parameters so that they display correctly in the UDF, the note then displays correctly wherever you use the UDF.
Creating a UDF
To create a UDF, you must first model the geometry that you want to save. As you create the geometry, you should be aware of the parent/child relationships that you are defining. You should define the features using common external references or references to one another. Once you have defined the geometry, you can define the UDF. This section discusses the steps that you should follow to create a UDF of the cosmetic thread shown in the following figure: Begin the definition and specify an option for storing it. Store reference parts. Name the group. Select features. Create external reference prompts. Define variable dimensions and elements. Complete the definition.
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NOTES
Note:
For a subordinate feature, if the current model is not present when you later access the UDF, the system cannot retrieve the UDF.
Selecting Features
To assist you in selecting the appropriate model features to include in the UDF, you can use Query Sel or the MODEL TREE.
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descriptive prompts that can assist the user in placing the feature, especially if you are using a standalone UDF that does not have a reference model.
Note:
You must define any parent/child reference that you create with geometry other than the features of the UDF.
Upto surface
Start surface
Thread surface
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the system uses the same values as you assigned to the UDF when you stored it.
Increase its flexibility You can define variable elements for the UDF as well. For example, you can change the depth of the hole from Blind to Thru All , etc. Define prompts and logic statements Using Pro/PROGRAM, you can define prompts and logic statements within the UDF. Create predefined variations of the UDF Using family tables, you can store geometry sets of various sizes internal to the UDF instead of requiring the user to enter a set of dimensions.
Placing a UDF
When you place a UDF on a new model, the system creates a group within the new model containing the UDF features. To retrieve the geometry from within a new model, you can choose Feature , Create , and User Defined or Feature , Group , Create , and From UDF Library . After you select a UDF file, you should place it by following these steps: To control the geometry after placing it, you can define it as either independent or UDF-driven.
Select the driving options to control the geometry
With independent placement, the system makes the group that you created in the current model completely independent of the UDF file. ! With a UDF-driven placement, the system associates the group to the UDF file. As a result, if the UDF file changes, the group in the new model changes when you select Update from the GROUP menu. You can use this method to enforce company standards. ! Retrieve a reference part to assist you in placing the UDF, if necessary. If you retrieve a reference part into a subwindow, you can use it as a visual aid. As the system prompts you for
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Specify values of any variable dimensions that you created and placement references The following figure illustrates how to
Upto surface
If you select NORMAL, the system displays dimensions as standard dimensions, using the values from the UDF, but you can modify them. This option is available only if you created the UDF as Independent . ! If you select Read Only, the system displays the dimensions as normal dimensions using the values from the UDF file, but you cannot modify them. ! If you select Blank, the system does not display the dimensions in the new model, as shown in the following figure.
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NOTES
Before finishing the placement, you can preview the UDF by selecting PREVIEW from the dialog box, then click Done . If you do not need to preview it, you can choose OK to complete it.
Finish the placement
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standard UNC, UNF and ISO holes to be created. Counterbores, countersinks, and tapping can be included, and default sizes are included. In tapped a hole, a cosmetic thread can be included automatically, as shown in the following figure.
The Standard Hole automatically generates a 3D note as a callout, as shown in the Hole Note Preview at the bottom of the dialog box in the following figure. This note can be shown on a drawing, but is not parametric.
Note:
The note created by the Standard Hole is not parametric that is, the values in it cannot be modified directly. To change the values in the note, the feature must be Redefined and modified via the dialog box.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create cosmetic features on the part and display them on the drawing.
Method
In the first exercise, you create a cosmetic sketch on the plunger body part that says PTC to represent a logo on the model. In addition, you display the sketch on the drawing of the plunger body. In the second exercise, you create a cosmetic thread on a bolt by creating a user-defined feature so that you can display the thread information differently on the drawing.
1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_ COSMETIC_FEATURES .PRT. You can continue on your own project by working on PLUNGER_BODY.PRT and corresponding drawing. 2. Click Insert >Cosmetic > Sketch . Click Project Sec > Done . 3. When the system prompts you to select the surface on which to project the sketch, select the surface shown in the following figure. Click Done Sel > Done Refs .
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4. Define the sketching and reference planes for the cosmetic sketch. Select DTM2 as the sketching plane for the feature and click Okay to accept the default viewing direction. 5. Click Bottom and select DTM3 so that the yellow side of DTM3 faces toward the bottom of the screen. 6. Accept the default references for the sketch, which are DTM1 and DTM3. 7. Sketch the letters PTC in the position shown in the following figure. Click Sketch > Text and select the start and second point as shown in the following figure. 8. Enter [PTC] as the text line. Type [.2] for the Aspect Ration and hit the <Enter> key. Change the font if you would like. Close the text dialog box.
Second Point
Start Point
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9. Click Sketch> Done to finish the feature. 10. Save and close the window. Task 2. Retrieve the plunger body drawing and erase the cosmetic sketch from some of the views on the drawing. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_COSMETIC_FEATURES.DRW. 2. Use the toolbar icons to turn off the display of datum planes if necessary and repaint the screen. 3. Erase the cosmetic sketch from every view except for the one in the upper left corner of the sheet. Click View > Show and Erase [cosmetic feature ] and click VIEW . Select every Erase > view on Sheet 1 except the upper left view. 4. Erase the cosmetic sketch from the views on Sheet 2. Click Window >New and type [2] as the sheet to view. Erase the cosmetic sketch in Section A-A. Close the window for Sheet 2, and activate the window for Sheet 1. 5. Save and erase both the drawing and the part.
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1. Retrieve THREADED_BOLT.PRT. 2. Click Insert > Cosmetic > Thread . Select the cylindrical surface of the bolt as the thread surface, as shown in the following figure.
Start surface
Thread surface
3. Define the thread so that it starts at the end of the bolt. Select the surface at the end of the bolt, as shown in the following figure, as the start surface. 4. Define the direction of feature creation to be toward the head of the bolt. Make sure the arrow points in the correct direction, then click Okay . 5. Define the depth of the thread as 1.00 and the diameter as 0.45. Click Blind > Done . Type [1.00] as the depth value. Type [0.45] as the thread diameter. 6. Modify the thread parameters to define the class, form, placement, and threads per inch. Click Mod Params . 7. Set the values for the thread parameters. Type the values as shown in the following table.
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Table 2: Values for Thread Parameters MAJOR_DIAMETER THREADS_PER_INCH FORM CLASS PLACEMENT METRIC 0.45 15 UNC 2 A False
8. Click File >Exit from the text editor. Click Done/Return > Preview > OK to create the feature. Task 2. Show the note for the cosmetic thread. Alter the display of the thread and the note. 1. Retrieve THREADED_BOLT.DRW. 2. Change the display of the cosmetic threads so that the hidden line removal process affects them. Edit the drawing set-up file. Click Advanced > Draw Setup and set hlr_for_threads to [yes]. Update and apply changes. 3. Show the thread note on the drawing in the upper left view. Click View > Show and Erase . Click Show > [note] and select FEAT_VIEW. Select the thread in the upper left view and close the dialog box. 4. Position the note as shown in the following figure. Click [Select], select the note to highlight it, and press the left mouse button to move it. 5. To change the arrow position, press right mouse button to access the pop-up menu when the note is highlighted. 6. Click Mod Attach . 7. The default option is Change Ref. With this option you can select a new reference to which to attach the arrow. 8. To access more options, click Same Ref from the menu manager to move the arrow along the current attachment reference.
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Task 3. Change the format of this note so that the major diameter displays as a fraction. Also, change the spacing and the number of digits in the note. 1. Click Window > THREADED_BOLT to return to the part window. 2. Delete the major diameter parameter. Click Set Up > Parameters > Feature , then select the cosmetic thread. Click Delete , select MAJOR_DIAMETER, and click Done . 3. Click Create > String to create a new string parameter called MAJOR_DIAMETER. Type [MAJOR_DIAMETER] as the parameter name and [7/16] as the parameter value. Tips & Techniques:
The new major diameter parameter is not associated with the diameter of the cosmetic thread. If you modify the thread diameter, this parameter does not automatically update. To make the new parameter associative to the diameter dimension, you can use some advanced relations to convert the dimension to a fraction.
4. Click Window > THREADED_BOLT.DRW to return to the drawing window. The note no longer displays the major diameter. 5. Modify the thread note to use the new major diameter parameter. [Select] and select the note. Press and hold the right Click mouse button, select Properties . 6. Replace *** in the first field of the note by entering [&major_diameter:fid_#], where # is the same number displayed for the other parameters.
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7. Remove the spaces around the dash between the major diameter and the threads per inch. Remove the spaces around the dash between the form and the class. 8. Remove the space between the class and placement. Click OK to finish the change. Note:
The system displays the feature id in the format after all of the parameter names, where FID stands for the feature ID and the number represents the cosmetic thread ID. Since these parameters are feature parameters, they must call out the feature using this format.
9. Modify the number of digits for the threads per inch parameter. Click Format > Decimal Places and enter [0] as the number of digits to display. 10. Select the number 15.000 in the note and click Done Sel . The new note should appear as shown in the following figure.
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5. Specify the features to include in the UDF. Select the cosmetic thread feature. Click Done Sel > Done > Done/Return . 6. Provide prompts for the external references, as shown in the following figure. These are references to features other than those contained in the UDF. 7. When the system highlights the cylindrical surface of the bolt, type [Thread Surface] as the prompt. 8. When it highlights the flat surface at the end of the bolt, type [Start Surface] as the prompt. Later, when you place the UDF, these prompts appear in the message area.
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9. Verify the accuracy of the prompts. As Pro/ENGINEER highlights a surface on the screen and displays the prompt in the message area, click Next to view the next prompt or click Enter Prompt and type the correct prompt. 10. After setting all of the prompts, click Done/Return to finish. 11. Define the depth and the note parameters of the cosmetic thread as variable. Select VAR ELEMENTS and click Define , then select the cosmetic thread. Select DEPTH and click Done > Done Sel . 12. Define the diameter of the thread as the only variable dimension specifying the prompt for the dimension as Thread Diameter. Select VAR DIMS and click Define . Select the .45 diameter dimension, click Done Return > Done Return and type [Thread Diameter] as the prompt. 13. Click OK to finish UDF definition. Save the model and quit the windows. Click Window > THREADED_BOLT.DRW , then click Window > Close . 14. Activate the part window, click Window > Activate . Save the part and close the window. Task 2. Retrieve SCREW.PRT and place the cosmetic thread UDF on it. Retrieve the screw drawing and create a note for the thread. 1. Place the cosmetic thread UDF on the screw part. Click Feature > Create > User Defined. Select COSM_THREAD.GPH and click Open . Select YES to retrieve reference part.
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2. Click Independent > Done to define the new thread as completely independent of the UDF file. 3. The system displays the SCALE menu with options for retaining the dimensions or using a scale. Click Same Dims > Done . Type [.80] as the new thread diameter. 4. Define the invariable dimensions on the UDF so that they display as normal dimensions. Click Normal > Done . 5. Specify the placement references that you used in the UDF, as shown in the following figure. Select the cylindrical surface of the screw as the thread surface and the flat end of the screw as the start surface.
Up To surface
6. Change the depth of the thread so that it goes up to the surface, as shown in the following figure. Select DEPTH and click Define . 7. Click Up To Surface > Done . Select the surface as shown in the following figure. Click Preview > OK , then click Done to finish the thread. 8. Retrieve SCREW.DRW. 9. Create a note for the cosmetic thread parameters. Click Insert > Note. Click Leader > File > Horizontal > Standard > Default > Make Note . 10. Attach the note with an arrowhead to the edge of the cosmetic feature in the left side view. Click On Entity > Arrow Head >
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then select the right side edge of the thread as shown in the following figure.
11. Click Next until the edge of the thread highlights, then click Accept . Click Done Sel > Done . Locate the note by selecting to the right of the view.
12. Retrieve the note COSM_THREAD_NOTE.TXT and click Done/Return . 13. Change the values for the thread diameter and the threads per inch on the note. Click Advance > Parameters > Feature . Select the cosmetic thread. 14. Click Modify > MAJOR_DIAMETER . Enter [13/16]. Click Modify > THREADS_PER_INCH . Type [12]. Repaint to update the note with the new parameter values as shown in the following figure.
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1. Create a new part using the default template. 2. Create a rectangular protrusion. Sketch a 5 x 5 rectangle and extrude to a depth of 3. Task 2. Create a Standard Hole.
1. Click Insert > Hole and observe the dialog box as shown in the following figure.
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2.
In the HOLE TYPE section, click the Standard Hole radio button and make sure the following checkboxes are selected:
! ! Add Thread Surface Add Counterbore Add Countersink
3. Set the hole size to 7/8-9 using the SCREW SIZE drop-down list. 4. Select the top surface as the placement plane, the front and right side surfaces as the reference planes. 5. Type [2.50 ] in the DISTANCE boxes for each reference. Note:
At the bottom of the HOLE dialog box, Pro/ENGINEER previews the 3D note that will be created along with this feature. All diameter, depth, and shape callouts are represented in the note.
6. Complete the feature. Notice the cosmetic thread feature is created along with the hole this is one feature. Task 3. Create a drawing of the part to display the Standard Hole note.
1. Create a drawing using c-drawing template. 3 views are automatically created. 2. Click View > Show and Erase > Show > hole. The note appears. Close the dialog box. Task 4. and select the
1. Click [Select] and select the note. Press and hold the right mouse button, choose Properties . Notice that it is non-parametric. 2. The texts in the hole note are plain texts. To make sure the note accurately reflects the size of the hole. You need to redefine the hole in part mode. Click OK to close the dialog box.
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Task 5.
1. Activate the part window and press and hold the right mouse button over the hole in Model tree. Click Redefine . 2. Change to hole size to 14-20 and complete the feature. 3. Activate the Drawing. The note may have disappeared. Click to display the note of the modified hole. The note should display the true size of the hole.
Show >
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create sketched cosmetic features. There is a difference between sketched and projected sections for cosmetic features. You can create cosmetic threads and show the parameters on a drawing. You can modify the note of a cosmetic callout to match your companys standards for callouts. You can automatically create cosmetic threads, countersinks, counterbores, and tapping using the Standard Hole functionality.
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Module
11
2-D Drafting
In this module, you learn how to use the 2-D Drafting tools.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create draft geometry in a drawing. Manipulate and modify draft geometry.
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Snapping References
When you start to create draft geometry, the SNAPPING REFERENCES dialog box is displayed. You can select draft geometry, as well as model geometry as references to locate and create draft geometry. When sketching, the specified references attract the mouse cursor. As a result, the draft geometry snaps to the references. In addition, constraints such as parallel, perpendicular midpoint, and tangent, can be applied while sketching referencing the Snapping References.
Parametric Sketch
When using Snapping Reference, the draft geometry is attached to the references at the time of the creation. To attach the draft geometry to the
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references permanently, you need to select the Parametric Sketch option in the sketch menu.
Draft Grid
By turning on the grid snap in the ENVIRONMENT dialog box, you can use the draft grids to locate the draft entities. Grid snap causes the mouse picks to snap to the grid points, making it much easier to line up and locate draft entities to specific locations. You can alter the grid type from Cartesian to Polar, and vice versa, as well as change the grid size.
Note:
You can still use the grid snap if the grid display is off.
Construction Geometry
Construction geometry entities are lines and circles that can be used as snap references to locate and create 2-D draft geometry. They are similar to the guidelines that drafters use on drawing sheets to locate other geometry; Pro/ENGINEER displays them on the screen in gray phantom font. Using the options similar to those for creating regular draft entities, you can create construction geometry such as, lines, crossed pairs and circles. Using the default layers the display of the construction geometry can be easily controlled.
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Specify radius when creating circles Specify start and end tangency when creating splines
Chaining Geometry
By default, when you create draft geometry, Pro/ENGINEER allows you to create only one entity at a time. To create more than one draft entity, it may be easier to start a chain. Chaining geometry enables you to create a series of entities with the end point of the current entity as the starting point of the next entity. The system continues to create the next entity until you end the chain by clicking the middle mouse button.
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draft_scale line_style_length
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To use the 2-D drafting tools to create draft geometry.
Method
In the first exercise, you update a drawing after importing it from another system. You also use the 2-D drafting functionality to accommodate a change in the design intent of the model.
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7. Zoom in on the view labeled Top View. Task 2. Create the geometry to represent a cut on Top View.
1. Click Tools > Offset > Ent Chain . 2. Select the horizontal line above the 2.375 dimension and click Done Sel . 3. Enter [-0.4] as the offset value. Select the outside left edge, click Done Sel , and type [-0.8] as the offset value. 4. Select the outside right edge, click Done Sel , and type [-0.8] as the offset value. Task 3. Extend the new vertical entities so that they meet the bottom edge of the view and trim the corners together. 1. Click Trim > Bound , then select the bottom edge of the view as the bounding entity. Select the two new vertical lines to trim to this boundary. 2. Click Corner and select the portion of the new line that you want to retain.
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3. Repeat this procedure until you have created the view geometry, as shown in the following figure.
4. Click Insert > Dimension > New Reference to create the 1.40 dimension. Select the new horizontal entity and place the dimension using the middle mouse button. Task 4. Using the geometry of the top view, create the new geometry for the front view on the drawing. 1. Refit the screen to display the entire drawing, then zoom in to view the front view and the top view. 2. Click Tools > Offset > Ent Chain . 3. Select the line in the front view, as shown in the following figure. Click Done Sel and type [0.25] as the offset value.
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4. Click Trim > Bound . 5. Select the horizontal line you just created as the boundary to extend the two vertical lines in the top view. Task 5. Break the long vertical entities into pieces and then delete the portions that you do not want. 1. Click Intersect . Select the left vertical line and the bottom edge in the top view. 2. Repeat this procedure for the right vertical line. Intersect both vertical lines again using the edge that you offset in the front view. 3. Click the lines. [Select]. Select the unwanted portions of the vertical
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4. Press <DEL> to delete. 5. [Optional] Create the geometry for the cut in the isometric view using the same techniques that you used earlier, as shown in the following figure.
Offset these edges by 0.55 Offset this edge by 0.2
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can use the 2-D drafting tools to create draft geometry. You can use draft geometry to modify an imported drawing.
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Module
12
Symbols
In this module, you learn how to create drawing symbols.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Use variable text in drawing symbols. Create families of symbols. Set up symbol libraries and place previously defined symbols on a drawing.
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Importing a Symbol
You can use an IGES, DXF, SET, TIFF, and CGM symbol that was created in another CAD package by importing it into Pro/ENGINEER. Once you have imported it into the system, you can change it by adding or removing geometry or notes.
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change the text and it remains the same every time you use the symbol. To create text that varies depending on the placement of the symbol, you can add variable text to the symbol.
If the text in your symbol must differ depending upon where you use the symbol in your drawing, you can create the text as variable. To create variable text, enclose the text within two back slashes, for example, \note\. This allows you to change the value of the text when you place the symbol on a drawing. You can specify the type of text to show in the note as text, integer, or floating point. You can also show parameter values in the variable symbol text so that the symbol text updates when the parameter changes. To display the dimension value in the symbol, enter [&dim] as the only preset value for the variable text. When you place the symbol on a drawing and select a dimension, the system shows its value in the symbol. You can use this technique with any user-defined parameters, as well as Pro/REPORT parameters.
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Exclusive
For this example, you would create a generic symbol containing a horizontal line and two triangles. From that generic symbol, you would then create two groupsGroup A and Group Bdefining them as exclusive. By doing so, you cannot combine Group A and Group B to create an instance; you can only use them separately. With these groups, you can create two instances of the symbol: Instance 1 contains Group A and the horizontal line, whereas Instance 2 contains Group B and the horizontal line. The horizontal line appears in both instances because you did not include it in a group. Any entity not in a group appears in all instances.
Independent
For the second portion of the example, you would create the same groups, but define them as independent. By doing so, you can use them separately or together to create an instance. This creates three instances in this family.
Controlling Symbols
You can control the display of symbols in your drawings by defining their placement and setting their height.
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Symbol Placement
When you originally create a symbol, you must define the allowed placement types to limit the ways in which other users can place the symbol. If you assign the placement type as free, for example, other users could only place the symbol on the drawing as free without using a leader. You should set the placement type according to the standard for the symbol you are creating. You should allow other users some flexibility, but prevent them from placing it incorrectly.
Symbol Height
You can control the size of a symbol when you create it by setting the height to a fixed size or as variable. If the symbol height is fixed, the size of the symbol always remains the same. To specify the height as variable, you can use three different methods:
Base it on the units of the drawing
Storing Symbols
To specify the directory in which Pro/ENGINEER should store each symbol, set the configuration file option pro_symbol_dir. If you do not specify a path in the configuration file, the system stores symbols in the working directory. You can enter an offset path that branches off of pro_symbol_dir. For example, for a UNIX-based system, if you have specified pro_symbol_dir as /usr/proe/symbols, then: If you press <ENTER>, the system places the symbol in /usr/proe/symbols. If you enter [down_one_dir], it stores the symbol in /usr/proe/symbols/down_one_dir. This down_one_dir should
be an existing subdirectory.
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If you want to store the symbol in a directory that you cannot access as an offset of the current pro_symbol_dir, change pro_symbol_dir before you begin. You do not have to store the symbol to use it in a drawing. However, if you do not write it to disk, the system only stores it locally in the drawing and does not make it available for use in other drawings or by other users.
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palette during symbol instance creation. You can access the palette from the SYMBOL INSTANCE dialog box. Configuration file option symbol_instance_palette_file is used to specify the path and name of the palette file.
Defining the Relationship between the Symbol Instance and Original Symbol
When you place a symbol on a drawing, you should specify if you want the system to change the symbol instance when the original symbol changes. Using this method, you can avoid having to manually update existing drawings every time the symbol definition changes (for example, because of a new standard). If you do not need to reflect those changes in the symbol instance, you can simply place it independently of the original symbol. Pro/ENGINEER then creates a copy of the instance locally in the drawing.
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If the groups are independent, you can select any number of groups to build the instance; if the groups are exclusive, you can only select one group to include in the instance. As you select these groups to include, you can preview the symbol. When the symbol is correct, you can then place it on the drawing.
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Note:
Redefining a symbol affects the display of all subsequent instances and all symbol instances that you have added to the drawing using the Use Definition option.
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pro_symbol_dir
directory path
sym_leader_orient_move_ text
no yes
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create and place symbols on a drawing.
Method
In the first exercise, you create a symbol using variable text and then place it on a drawing. In the second exercise, you create a group of symbols and place the different variations of the symbol on a drawing.
1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_SYMBOLS.DRW. If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on PLUNGER_BODY.DRW. 2. Create the symbol shown in the following figure. Click Format > Symbol Gallery > Define and type [delta] as the name of the symbol. 3. Increase the size of the sub-window by dragging the corner of the window to a new location.
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4. Set up the draft grid by turning it on, changing the grid size. From the pull-down menu in the sub-window, click View Draft Grid > Show Grid . Click Grid Params > X&Y Spacing , then type [0.4]. Click Done/Return . 5. Turn on the grid snap. Click Utility > Environment . Select the Snap to Grid check box in the ENVIRONMENT dialog box. Click OK to close the ENVIRONMENT dialog box. 6. Zoom in to approximately 4 grid squares. 7. Using the 2-D drafting functionality, sketch a triangle. 8. Click Sketch > Line . Sketch the three sides of the triangle using two grid squares for the horizontal length and the height of the triangle. If you are not using a chain, select a starting and ending point for each line. 9. Round off the corners of the triangle with three fillet arcs. 10. Click Sketch > Fillet , then select the two lines that compose the corner of the triangle. 11. Type [0.1] as the radius of the arc. Repeat this procedure for each corner. 12. Turn off the grid and grid snap. Clear the Snap to Grid check box in the ENVIRONMENT dialog box. Task 2. Add a note to the symbol with variable text.
1. Create a note in the center of the triangle. From the pull-down menu in the sub-window, click insert > Note. Click No Leader > Enter > Horizontal > Standard > Center > Make Note . Locate the note in the center of the triangle. 2. Create the note so that so that you can easily change the text when you place it. Type [\num\] as the note text and press <ENTER> twice to finish. 3. Click Done/Return . Reposition the note if necessary. Task 3. Define the attributes of the symbol. Allow any user to place the symbol using free placement, a left leader, or a right leader. 1. Click Attributes to define the attributes of the symbol.
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2. Using the SYMBOL DEFINITION ATTRIBUTES dialog box, define the attributes so that the person that places the symbol can use a free placement, a leader attached to the left side, or a leader attached to the right side. 3. Select FREE and specify the symbol origin by selecting the arc at the top of the triangle. 4. Select LEFT LEADER and select the arc on the left side of the triangle. 5. Select RIGHT LEADER and select the arc on the right side of the triangle. Task 4. Define the height of the symbol based on the text height. Specify the preset values of the variable text as the numbers one through five. 1. Select VariableText Related and select the variable note as the reference text. 2. Specify the preset values of the variable text as one through five. 3. Click the Var Text tab. 4. Select NUM on the left side of the dialog box and enter 1 through 5 in five lines in the Preset Values for: area. 5. Select Integer so that the system only uses integers in this symbol. Click OK to finish defining the symbol attributes. 6. Save the symbol for use in future drawings. Click Done from the SYMBOL EDIT menu. Click Write and press <ENTER> to accept the default directory. Click Done . Task 5. Place the delta symbol on the plunger drawing with a leader.
1. Click Insert > Symbol Instance . Select DELTA from the SYMBOL DEFINITION drop-down list. 2. Attach the symbol to the lower left view with a leader, as shown in the following figure. Select With Leaders from the TYPE dropdown list. 3. Accept the defaults On Entity > Arrow Head and select the right side edge of the lower left view.
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4. Click Done Sel > Done to place the symbol with one leader. Locate the symbol to the right of the view.
5. Change the variable text to display the number 3 on the symbol. Click the Var Text tab, then select 3 from the NUM drop-down list. 6. Click OK to finish placing the symbol. Note:
After you place the symbol, you can use select the symbol to move it. In addition, you can use pop-up menu, to access Mod Attach to change its position, and Redefine Inst to reopen the SYMBOL INSTANCE dialog box.
Task 6. Place a surface finish symbol on the plunger body drawing. Machine the symbol with a roughness height of 32. 1. Click Insert > Surf Finish > Retrieve > Machined >Open> Standard1.sym > Open to create a surface finish symbol on the plunger body drawing. 2. Attach the symbol to a surface with a leader, as shown in the following figure. Click Leader and select the surface. 3. Click Done Sel > Done . Select a position for the symbol and type [32] as the roughness height. Click Done > Done/Return . 4. Select the symbol and use the appropriate drag handle to reposition the symbol as shown in the following figure.
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Task 7. Create a new symbol to use as a BOM balloon. Copy the symbol created earlier and add two notes to use for the item number and the quantity. Create the values as variable text notes so that they will change when you use them in a drawing. 1. Create a new drawing symbol called DELTA_BOM. Click Format > Symbol Gallery > Define and enter [DELTA_BOM] as the name of the symbol. 2. Copy the delta symbol that you created earlier in the exercise. Click Copy Symbol , select DELTA.SYM and click Open . 3. Locate the symbol in the middle of the new window and click Done from the ADJUST INST menu. Press <CTRL> and the mouse buttons to zoom in on the symbol. 4. Change the variable text in the symbol to use the item number in a BOM. Select the note; right click and choose Properties . 5. In the text tab, change \num\ to \item_num\. Enter [x \comp_qty\] in another text field. Click OK to close the dialog box.
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Task 8. Define the attributes of the symbol to use whenever you place this custom balloon on a drawing. 1. Define the attributes of the symbol so that it can be placed without a leader, or with a left leader or with a right leader. Click Attributes . 2. Select FREE and select the arc at the top of the triangle. 3. Select LEFT LEADER and select the arc on the left side of the triangle. 4. Select RIGHT LEADER and select the arc on the right side of the triangle. 5. Define the height of the symbol based on the height of the variable text in the symbol. Select VARIABLE TEXT RELATED and select the variable note as the reference text. 6. Define the default values for the variable text as the index number and quantity for the BOM. Click the Var Text tab. 7. Select ITEM_NUM on the left side of the dialog box and type [index] in lower case in the Preset Values for: area. 8. Select COMP_QTY on the left side of the dialog box and type [qty] in lower case in the Preset Values for: area. 9. Select the Text check box and click OK and Done . 10. Save the symbol for use in future drawings. 11. Save and close the drawing.
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2. Create a circle centered inside the square. Click Sketch > Circle . Make sure the circumference of the circle is tangent to the square. 3. Create the arrows to the left and the right of the square. Click Sketch > Line, then sketch the geometry of each arrow.
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4. Close the SNAPPING REFERENCE dialog box. 5. Create a note with variable text centered in the circle. Click Insert > Note . 6. Click No Leader > Enter > Horizontal> Standard > Center> Make Note . Locate the note in the center of the circle. 7. Enter [\no\] as the note text and press <ENTER> twice to finish. Click Done/Return from the NOTES TYPE menu. 8. Change the text height to 0.25. Select the note and access Mod Text Style option from the pop-up menu. Clear the Default checkbox for the height and enter [0.25]. Click OK to close the dialog box. 9. Create a symbol called GEN_SYM. Click Format > Symbol Gallery > Define and type [GEN_SYM] as the name. 10. Copy the geometry from the drawing to create the symbol. Click Copy Drawing > Pick Many , select all the entities on the drawing and click Done Sel . Pro/ENGINEER copies the entities into the sub-window. Task 3. Create two symbol groups: one with the square and one with the circle. Each group will have the option for the right or left arrows. 1. Create a group called square and select all of the entities except for the circle. 2. Click Groups > Create and type [SQUARE] as the name. 3. Click Pick Many and drag a select box surrounding the entire symbol. Click Unsel Item and select the circle. Click Done Sel to finish. 4. Create a group called circle and select all of the entities except for the square. 5. Click Create and type [CIRCLE] as the name. 6. Click Pick Many and draw a pick box surrounding the entire symbol. 7. Click Unsel Item and select one of the lines that compose the square. Click Unsel Item again and select another line of the square.
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8. Continue with this process until you have unselected the entire square. Click Done Sel to finish. 9. Define the group attributes to be exclusive at this level so that when you use the symbol, you can only place one of the instances (square or circle) at one time. Click Group Attr > Exclusive . Task 4. Create sub-groups.
1. Click Change Level > Square > This Level to change to the square level so you can create some variations of the square symbol. 2. Create two variations within the square group: one with the left arrow and the other with the right arrow. Click Create and type [LEFT_ARROW] as the name. 3. Select the square box, the note, and the arrow on the left side of the symbol, then click Done Sel . 4. Click Create and type [RIGHT_ARROW] as the name. Select the square box, the note, and the arrow on the right side of the symbol, then click Done Sel . 5. Define the attributes at the square level as exclusive so that you can display the square on the screen as a symbol with a left arrow or a right arrow, but not both. Click Group Attr > Exclusive . 6. Click Change Level > Up > Circle > This Level to change to the circle level so that you can create some variations of the circle symbol. 7. Create two variations within the circle group: one with the left arrow and the other with the right arrow. Click Create and type [LEFT_ARROW] as the name. 8. Select the circle, the note, and the arrow on the left side of the symbol, then click Done Sel . 9. Click Create and type [RIGHT_ARROW] as the name. Select the circle, the note, and the arrow on the right side of the symbol, then click Done Sel . 10. Define the attributes at the circle level as independent so that you can display the circle on the screen as a symbol with a left arrow, a right arrow, or both. Click Group Attr > Independent .
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11. Click Done/Return from the SYM GROUPS menu. Task 5. Define the attributes for this symbol using a free placement.
1. Click Attributes and select Free . Select the center of the circle as the origin. 2. Click the Var Text tab and enter [1] as the value for the variable text. Select Integer and click OK to finish defining the attributes. Click Done . 3. Save the symbol to disk. Click Write and press <ENTER> to accept the default directory. Click Done . 4. Close the current window. Task 6. Create a new drawing and place the different variations of the symbol on the drawing. 1. Create a new A-size drawing called SYMBOLS in a landscape orientation. Do not use a drawing template and set Default Model to none . 2. Place the square variations of the symbol on the drawing. Click Insert > Symbol Instance . 3. Click Retrieve, select GEN_SYM and click Open . 4. Select Free Note from the TYPE drop-down list, click Place Inst if necessary and select a position on the drawing for the symbol. 5. Click the Grouping tab and select the plus sign beside square. 6. Select SQUARE > LEFT_ARROW. 7. Click New Inst to finish placing the instance and start a new one.
8. Click the Placement tab and select Free Note from the TYPE drop-down list, click Place Inst if necessary. 9. Select below the first symbol. Click the Grouping tab and select SQUARE > RIGHT_ARROW.
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Note:
When you select RIGHT_ARROW, the system automatically unselects LEFT_ARROW because the attributes for the square level are set to exclusive.
10. Click New Inst to finish placing the instance and start a new one. 11. Place the circle variations of the symbol on the drawing. Click the Placement tab and select Free Note from the TYPE drop-down list, click Place Inst if necessary, then select to the right of the first symbol. 12. Click the Grouping tab and click the plus sign next to circle. Select CIRCLE > LEFT_ARROW. When you select CIRCLE, the system automatically unselects SQUARE because the attributes for the top level are set to exclusive. 13. Click New Inst to finish placing the instance and start a new one. 14. Click the Placement tab and select FREE NOTE from the TYPE drop-down list, click Place Inst if necessary, then select a position similar to the one shown in the following figure. 15. Click the Grouping tab and select Circle > RIGHT_ARROW. Note:
When you select RIGHT_ARROW, the system does not automatically unselect LEFT_ARROW because the attributes for the circle level are set to independent.
16. Click New Inst to finish placing the instance and start a new one. 17. Click the Placement tab and select Free Note from the TYPE drop-down list, click Place Inst if necessary, then select a position similar to the one shown in the following figure. 18. Click the Grouping tab and select CIRCLE > RIGHT_ARROW >LEFT_ARROW. Click OK to finish.
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19. Save and close the drawing. Task 7. Use the saved SYMBOLS.DRW to create a custom symbol definition palette. 1. Click Utilities > Options to access the configuration file. Add an option symbol_instance_palette_file, enter the full path and the file name of the drawing saved in the last task. 2. Apply and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 3. Create a new A-size drawing called SYMBOLS_PALETTE in a landscape orientation. Do not use a drawing template and set Default Model to none. 4. Place the symbol using the symbol palette. Click Insert > Symbol Instance . 5. Click Pick in Palette . The symbol instance palette file is displayed in a sub-window. 6. Select a symbol from the palette sub-window and place it in the main window. 7. Try moving the symbols in the palette sub-window. Close the subwindow, the symbol instance window. Erase the drawing.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a symbol with variable text. You can create a group of symbol instances.
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Module
13
Using Layers to Control Drawing Display
In this module, you learn how to create and use layers in the drawing mode.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Set up default layers in drawing mode. Control the display of the layer in the drawing.
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The administrator should use these methods to set the commonly used layers as default layers.
For the second step to work, you need to setup the appropriate default layer in the appropriate mode. In other words, create default layers for 3-D model items in the 3-D mode and create default layers for drawing items in the drawing mode. For example, using one of the preceding three methods, you can setup two default layers in a drawing. One layer is called DTM_PLANE with the default layer type as DATUM_PLANE. The other layer is called DRAFT_DTM with the default layer type as DRAFT_DTM. After the
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default layers are created, you created a datum plane in the referenced 3-D model, and a draft datum plane in the drawing. The draft datum plane will be associated to the DRAFT_DTM default layer automatically. The datum plane created in the 3-D model will not automatically be associated to the drawing default layer DTM_PLANE. However, it will be associated to the default layer in the 3-D model automatically. So, it is a good practice to create the datum plane default layer in 3-D model and create the draft datum default layer in the drawing mode, using the templates. The good practice is to create the default layers that contain 3D model entities in the part and assembly templates and create the default layers that contain drawing entities in the drawing templates.
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Table 1: Configuration File Options Affecting Default Layer Value layer_detail_ item layer_assem_ member layer_feature layer_geom_feat layer_nogeom_feat layer_cosm_sketch layer_axis layer_quilts layer_surface layer_datum layer_point layer_curve layer_csys layer_curve_ent layer_dim layer_parameter_ dim 11 default layers of the form: layer_featuretype_ feat Description draft items assembly members all features features with geometry features without geometry cosmetic sketches features with axes quilts surface features datum planes datum points datum curves datum coordinate systems curve entities all dimensions parameter dimension where featuretype is any of the following: hole, round, chamfer, slot, cut, protrusion, rib, draft, shell, corn_chamf, assy_cut Value layer_driven_dim layer_draft_dim layer_refdim layer_part_refdim layer_draft_refdim layer_note layer_gtol layer_symbol layer_sfin layer_draft_entity layer_draft_constr layer_draft_geom layer_draft_hidden layer_draft_grp layer_draft_datum layer_dwg_table layer_snap_line Description driven dimensions draft dimensions all reference dimensions part reference dimensions draft reference dimensions drawing notes geometric tolerances symbols surface finish symbols all draft entities draft construction entities draft geometry entities draft hidden entities draft groups draft datums drawing tables snap lines
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Although layers can contain different entities, you always create them by following these three steps: Create the layer. Specify the default layer type. Associate items to the layer.
The procedure of creating layers, specifying layer properties, and associating items to layers in drawing is the same as in part mode.
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a layer removes from the screen any item on that layer that does not affect mass properties.
a layer displays all items on that layer, but removes all nonmass items on any other layer from the screen.
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Setting the display of model layers to follow the display of drawing layers with the same name.
Controlling drawing and model layers simultaneously
Displaying drawing layers independently for individual drawing views or making the layer display dependent on the drawing.
Manipulating layer display status in individual views
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ignore_model_layer_ status
yes no
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To use layers to control drawing display.
Method
In this exercise, you learn how to use layers to control your drawing display and override the environment settings for datum planes, axes, coordinate systems, and points.
6. Enter [CSYS_PART_DEF] as the layer name. 7. Click CSYS to specify the Default Layer Types. 8. Click OK to finish. 9. With the layer CSYS_PART_DEF is selected, click [Add item].
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10. Click Feature , and select the coordinate system CSYS_PART_DEF from the model. 11. Click Done Sel > Done/Return> Done/Return . 12. Select CSYS_PART_DEF layer and click [ Blank ] and repaint the screen. The coordinate system should no longer appear on the screen. Task 2. Although you have turned off the datum plane display, datum plane A remains on the screen because the environment does not affect datums set for GTOLs. Remove Datum A from display using a layer. 1. Creating a layer using the procedures in the previous task enter [SET_DATUMS] as the name. 2. Associating datum A to that layer. Make sure the layer SET_DATUMS is selected and add feature Datum A to this layer. 3. Blank the layer SET_DATUMS that you just created so that the datum no longer appears on the screen. 4. Save the part and close the window Task 3. Layers created in part mode are available in the drawing. Set up a layer for datum planes and blank the layer. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_LAYERS.DRW. If you worked on PLUNGER_BODY.PRT earlier, retrieve PLUNGER_BODY.DRW. 2. Use the toolbar icons to turn on the display of datum planes, coordinate systems, and datum axes; then repaint the screen. 3. Turn off the datum axes using the icon. Notice that the axis nametags are turned off but the axes are still displayed. Note:
To remove the axis from a drawing, you need to use the SHOW AND ERASE dialog box.
4. Click View > Layer to open the LAYERS dialog box. As you can see the layers that you created in part mode are available in the drawing. Show and blank those layers to see the changes.
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5. Create a layer for datum planes and associate the default datum planes to this layer. Enter [DTMS_PART_DEF] as the layer name. 6. Make sure the layer name DTMS_PART_DEF is selected, and add features DTM1, DTM2, and DTM3 from the model using the MODEL TREE. Tips & Techniques:
You can easily select datum planes using the MODEL TREE tool; otherwise, you should always use the Query Sel option to ensure that you select the appropriate datums.
7. Blank the layer DTMS_PART_DEF so that the datums no longer display on the screen. Note:
The system automatically repaints the screen after changing the layer status in the drawing mode.
8. Determine which items are associated to the XSEC_DATUMS layer. In the LAYERS dialog box, click Tree > Highlight . Select XSEC_DATUMS. Another datum plane highlights on the screen. 9. Click Show > Layer Items . Click the plus sign to expand the XSEC_DATUMS layer and plunger body part. The feature associated to this layer is listed. 10. Blank the XSEC_DATUMS layer. The datum plane should no longer appear on the screen. Note:
This system created this layer by using the default layers functionality. When you create datums to use in cross-sections, the system automatically adds them to this layer.
Task 4. Create a layer for the datum axes on the drawing so that you can control the nametags of the set axis and other datum axis seperately. 1. Create a new layer and enter [DATUM_AXES] as the layer name.
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2. Associate all the datum axes, except the set datum D, to the layer DATUM_AXES. When adding items, click Text > Sel By Menu > Axis . Select all axes, then remove axis D from the list. 3. Click Select > Done Sel > Done/Return to finish. 4. Blank the layer DATUM_AXES so that the axis names no longer appear on the screen. 5. Blank the datum coordinate system from all the views on the drawing. Task 5. Create a layer for the set axis D and blank that layer from some of the views on the drawing, but not all views. 1. Create a layer for the set datum axis D. Enter [SET_AXES] as the name. 2. Associate the datum axis D to the layer that you just created. Make sure the layer SET AXES is selected and use add text to select axis D. 3. Make the view in the lower right corner independent of the rest of the drawing. Select DRAWING VIEW from the ACTIVE OBJECT drop-down list; then select the lower right view. 4. Blank the SET_AXES layer. Notice that the nametag of the set datum axis disappeared in the lower right view, but it is still displayed in other views.
5. Repeat this procedure for the upper left view. 6. Turn off the snap lines in the ENVIRONMENT dialog box. 7. The drawing should look like the following picture. Save it. The system displays a message to warn you that it is not going to save the layer display status. You must explicitly save the layer display. 8. Click View >Layers > Save Status > Close . 9. Save and erase the file.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a layer in a drawing. You can specify the display of a layer.
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Module
14
Resolving Regeneration Problems
In this module, you learn how to resolve regeneration failures in drawings.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Identify failed model features. Determine why the model features failed. Resolve the regeneration failure.
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If Pro/ENGINEER detects a conflict between two features and is unable to successfully regenerate, it retrieves the model into a sub-window and places you in the RESOLVE ENVIRONMENT dialog box. Once you enter this environment, you should identify the failed feature and determine the cause of the failure before trying to resolve the problem.
Investigating
When a feature fails regeneration, the system displays on the screen only the features that successfully regenerated. Therefore, it does not allow you to view the failed feature or any feature that comes after it in the regeneration cycle. After reviewing the information in the diagnostics window, you can examine the failed feature or subsequent features by working on a backup model. The backup model shows all of the features in their pre-regenerated state. You can use it to view the failed feature on the screen and modify or restore dimensions of features that are not displayed on the current model. If you have selected MAKE REGEN BACKUP in the DEFAULT ACTIONS area of the ENVIRONMENT dialog box, Pro/ENGINEER saves a backup copy of the model to the hard drive upon each regeneration. If the model regenerates successfully, the system automatically removes the backup
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from the hard drive; but if you have a regeneration failure, the backup model is available for you to use.
Note:
Using the regeneration backup results in longer regeneration times because the system must save the model to the hard drive in addition to regenerating it.
Shows each missing or invalid references on the screen that you used for a feature. You can use the backup model to highlight their original location.
Displays the failed geometry on the screen to help you visualize the problem.
Failed Geom Pag e 1 4- 3
Re s o l v i n g Reg e n e rat i o n P ro b l e m s
NOTES
Simplifies the model by removing some of the features, making it easier to concentrate on the failed geometry.
Roll To
You can redefine a feature to change the type of depth, the shape of the sketch, the attributes, and the direction of the feature. When redefining the sketch, the system displays it the way it appeared at the time of the feature failure to help you determine the cause.
You can change dimensions to resolve the problem. For example, changing the radius of a round may result in a successful regeneration.
Modify the dimensions of a feature Insert new features You can reroute a feature by inserting a datum plane before the failed feature and rerouting to the new plane.
If the system indicates that you should increase the part accuracy (due to having very small features on a very large model), you can change the part accuracy to resolve this problem. The default accuracy of 0.0012 is acceptable for the majority of cases. If you change the accuracy, you should make very minor changes until you isolate the problem.
Change the part accuracy
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Note:
Increasing the part accuracy results in longer regeneration times and larger file sizes. You should only use this method if you are unable to resolve the problem using any other method.
Re s o l v i n g Reg e n e rat i o n P ro b l e m s
Pag e 1 4- 5
NOTES
LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To understand why features fail and to resolve the failure.
Method
In this exercise, you change dimensions on the plunger body drawing to cause features to fail, then investigate and resolve the problems.
6. Right-click and select PROPERTIES. 7. Enter [0.15] as the Nominal value. 8. Click OK to finish. 9. Click Regenerate > Model to update the model to the new dimension. Pro/ENGINEER will place you in resolve mode.
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10. Click Feature Info from the FAILURE DIAGNOSTICS window. An INFORMATION WINDOW appears, indicating that the round with feature number 32 with ID number 961 failed. Read through this information and close the INFORMATION WINDOW. 11. Add the Feature number as a new column in the MODEL TREE window so that you can highlight the failed feature on the screen to determine which feature actually failed. 12. Click View > Model Tree Setup > Column Display. 13. Select Feat #, click [Add column] and click OK .
14. Set the backup model as the active model and highlight the failed feature on the screen, as shown in the following figure. 15. Click Investigate > Backup Modl > Confirm , then select the round feature (feature number 32) from the MODEL TREE window. The failed round feature is highlighted in red.
Task 2. Once you have determined why the round failed regeneration, change the model so that the feature regenerates successfully. 1. Choose Resolve Hints from the FAILURE DIAGNOSTICS window and read through the hints provided by Pro/ENGINEER. 2. In the RESOLVE HINTS window, the system advises you to use the Investigate option to obtain information. 3. Click List Changes . An INFORMATION window indicates that when you changed the dimension d75 from 0.05 to 0.15, it caused the feature to fail.
Re s o l v i n g Reg e n e rat i o n P ro b l e m s
Pag e 1 4- 7
NOTES
4. Click Current Model > Failed Geom . Some surfaces on the model appear in cyan as shown in the following picture. The SHOW ERRORS menu appears. 5. Click Item Info to display some information about the failed geometry. Click Close to exit the INFORMATION window. 6. Click Backup Modl from the INVESTIGATE menu.
7. Click Analysis > Measure . 8. Select Distance from the TYPE drop-down list and select the two surfaces indicated in the preceding figure. The measured distance should be 0.125. The new radius of the round (0.15) is too large to fit in the space provided. 9. Move the tab to allow more room or change the radius to a value that is less than 0.125. Close the MEASURE dialog box. 10. Click Fix Model > Backup Modl > Modify, then select the round feature to modify the radius of the round. 11. Select the .15 radius dimension and enter [.10]. Click Current Modl > Regenerate to update the model to the new dimensions. Click Yes to close the RESOLVE ENVIRONMENT dialog box.
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NOTES
Task 3. Modify the height of the flanges in DETAIL 2. After the feature fails, use the tools available in the RESOLVE ENVIRONMENT dialog box to determine which feature fails regeneration. 1. Change the 0.125 dimension for the flange in DETAIL 2. Enter [0.09] as the new value. Regenerate the model. 2. Click Feature Info . An information window indicates that the round with feature ID 772 failed. Read through this information and close the window. 3. Set the backup model as the active model and highlight the failed feature on the screen by selecting it from the MODEL TREE, as shown in the following figure. 4. Click Investigate > Backup Modl > Confirm . 5. Click the cut feature from the MODEL TREE window to highlight it.
Task 4. Once you have determined why the cut failed regeneration, change the model so that the feature regenerates successfully. 1. Click List Changes . An INFORMATION Window indicates that the feature failure occurred because dimension d26 was modified from 0.125 to 0.09. 2. Click Current Modl > Failed Geom to view the failed geometry. The surface of the cut displays along with two points where the geometry becomes invalid. Click Item Info to obtain some information about the failed geometry.
Re s o l v i n g Reg e n e rat i o n P ro b l e m s
Pag e 1 4- 9
NOTES
3. Close the information window. 4. Redefine the section of the feature. Click Quick Fix > Redefine . Click Section > Define > Sketch . 5. Sketch a vertical line on the right side of the section. Click Sketch > Done . Click Preview > OK to finish the feature. 6. Click Yes to close the RESOLVE ENVIRONMENT dialog box. 7. Save and close the drawing.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can determine why a feature is failing regeneration. You can resolve the regeneration failure.
Re s o l v i n g Reg e n e rat i o n P ro b l e m s
Pag e 1 4- 1 1
Module
15
Drawing Formats
In this module, you learn how to create and use drawing formats.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create drawing formats by importing geometry. Create drawing formats with 2-D drafting tools. Use tables and parameters in formats.
Page 15-1
NOTES
format_setup_file.
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NOTES
If the new format cannot accommodate the imported format, the system asks you if you want to scale the imported format so that it fits it properly.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5- 3
NOTES
Format sketch
Sheet outline
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NOTES
To use the following drawing labels in a format, you should include an ampersand (&) before the name of the parameter: Adds the date of the notes creation. You can control the form of the date using the configuration file option TODAYS_DATE_NOTE_FORMAT.
&todays_date &model_name &dwg_name &scale &type
&format
&linear_tol_0_0 through &linear_tol_0_000000 Adds linear dimension tolerance values for 1 to 6 decimal places. &angular_tol_0_0 through &angular_tol_0_000000 Adds angular dimension tolerance values for 1 to 6 decimal places. ¤t_sheet &total_sheets &dtm_name
Note:
You can store these parameters on the format as drawing parameters if you set the configuration file option make_parameters_from_fmt_tables to yes . If you set the value of this option to no , the system prompts you for the values whenever you add a second sheet or replace the format.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5- 5
NOTES
format_setup_file
Determines the format setup file to use for new formats. When including parameters in a table on a format, saves them as drawing parameters.
make_parameters_from_ fmt_tables
yes no
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create and use a drawing format that includes parametric information.
Method
In this exercise, you create a multi-sheet drawing format that includes parametric information. You also set up the format so that the system requires you to provide specific information when you place it on a drawing.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5- 7
NOTES 4 7
13
13 2 4 3 1
3. Create a second ascending, leftward table to the left of the first one to replace the left side of the title block. 4. Locate the lower right corner of the table above the existing title block and to the left of the first table. The column and row sizes are listed in the following figure.
7 7 9 4 2 2 2
Task 3. Change the two new tables so that they look similar to the title block. Change the size of the columns and rows. 1. Before specifying the column to change, measure the existing title block size. Click Analysis > Measure Draft Entities . 2. Accept the default Distance from the TYPE drop-down list in the DRAFT MEASURE dialog box, then select the right and left borders of the SHEET cell in the title block. The measured distance should be 1.625. Close the dialog box. 3. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Change Size >Column > By Length . 4. Select the right column of the first table, use the middle button to finish. Enter [1.625] as the width of the column.
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0.781250 0.312533
5. Repeat this procedure to measure the draft entities and resize the column and row size of the first table. The measured results are shown in the preceding figure for reference. Task 4. Merge some of the cells in the table into one cell, as shown in the following figure. 1. Click Modify Table > Merge > Rows & Cols , then select the upper left and upper right cells in the table. 2. Select the left and right cells in the second column. 3. Continue merging the cells together until the table looks like the title block.
Task 5.
Change the row and column sizes for the second table.
1. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Change Size > Column > By Length . 2. Measure the right and left borders of one of the DATE cells in the title block. The measured distance should be 1.12483.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5- 9
NOTES
3. Select the right column of the table and type [1.12483] as the width of the column. 4. Measure the right and left borders of the Drawn cell in the title block. The measured distance should be 1.875. 5. Select the left column, the middle column, click the middle mouse button and type [1.875/2] as the column width. 6. Change the size of the rows in the second table: row 1, 2 & 3 = 0.546875; row 4 = 1.01563. 7. Blank the column borders from the top row of the table. Click Modify Table > Line Display > Blank , then select the two column borders of the top row. 8. Combine the left and middle cells of the bottom three rows together, as shown in the following figure. Click Merge > Columns , then select the left and middle cells of the second row. 9. Select the left and middle cells of the third row then select the left and middle cells of the bottom row. 10. Click Done/Return .
Task 6. block.
Delete the entities that compose the borders of the original title
1. Click [Select] icon, press and hold the <Shift> key then select all of the lines that compose the original title block. 2. Click Edit > Delete .
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NOTES
Note:
You can also press <DEL> to delete entities once they are selected.
3. Move the new table into the correct position for the title block. Click [Select] icon and select the table. 4. Reposition the table in the new location and press the left mouse button to place it. Repeat the procedure to locate the second table, as shown in the following figure. Note:
To precisely position the table in the new location, use the Abs Coords option in the GET POINT menu.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5-11
NOTES
Task 7. Add text to the tables that you just created. The text that you include should be parametric so that it changes automatically based on the drawing to which you add it. 1. Set the column justification by clicking Mod Rows/Cols > Justify > Column > Center > Middle . Select each of the columns in the table on the right. 2. Click Center > Bottom , then select each of the columns in the table on the left. 3. Click Enter Text , then select the Part cell so that the part name fills in automatically. 4. Type [&model_name] as the name. Press <ENTER> to finish. 5. Enter the following text in the cooresponding cells: ! ! ! !
! ! !
Fscm No. = &fscm_num Drawing No. = &drw_num Scale = &scale Sheet = ¤t_sheet/&total_sheets .XXX Tolerances = &linear_tol_0_000 .XX Tolerances = &linear_tol_0_00 Angle Tolerances = &angular_tol_0_0 Drawn = &drawn_by Drawn Date = &drawn_by_date Checked = &checked_by Ckecked Date = &checked_by_date Approved = &approved_by Approved Date = &approved_by_date
! ! ! ! ! !
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NOTES
Task 8.
1. Click [Select] icon, select &MODEL_NAME. Press and hold the right mouse button to bring up the pop-up menu and select Mod Text Style . 2. Type [0.3] as the height and close the dialog box. 3. Repeat the procedures to change the height of the &FSCM_NUM and &DRW_NUM to 0.25. Task 9. Copy the table on the right of the sheet so that you can use it on Sheet 2. 1. Click Edit > Copy and select the right table. 2. Click Pick Many and drag the selection box around the first table and the underlying text, as shown in the following figure.
3. Click Done Sel . The table and text is copied to the clipboard. 4. Add a second sheet by clicking Sheets > Add . 5. Click Edit > Paste . The clipboard window appears. 6. Zoom in on the copied items in the clipboard window. 7. In the clipboard window, click the lower right corner of the table as the first translation vector and select the lower right corner of the format on sheet two as the second translation vector point. Note:
The copied entities will remain in the clipboard until you select something else to copy. You can always delete the table and text and paste it in again, if needed.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5-13
NOTES
Task 10. Remove the top two rows from the copied table. 1. Click Table > Mod Row/Cols > Remove > Row and select the top row. Type [yes] to confirm. 2. Select the new top row and type [yes] again. 3. Delete the remaining text above the table using and <DEL>. 4. Save and close the format window. Task 11. Add the format that you just created to the plunger body drawing. The system prompts you to specify the unknown parameter values, but provides the known ones automatically. 1. Retrieve PLUNGER_BODY_FORMATS.DRW. If you have finished the plunger body drawing earlier, you can work on PLUNGER_BODY.DRW. 2. Edit the config.pro and add the option
make_parameters_from_fmt_table
[Select] icon
changes. 3. Add the multi-sheet format that you created earlier to the drawing. Click Sheets > Format > Add/Replace . Select C_MULTI_FORMAT.FRM and click Open . 4. Type [1] as the sheet number. 5. Specify the values of the unknown parameters in the format. Enter the values as shown in the following table (if the system prompts you to specify the type of parameter, click String ).
Pag e 1 5- 1 4
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NOTES
Parameter
Drw_num Fscm_num Approved_by_date Approved_by Checked_by_date Checked_by Drawn_by_date
Value
11473 2172 TBD TBD 5/14/98 JOE CHECKER 5/7/98
6. Clean up the display of the sheet by moving tables, views, or notes to more appropriate positions, if necessary. 7. Switch to Sheet 2 and add the second sheet of the format. Click Sheets > Next followed by Format > Add/Replace . 8. Select C_MULTI_FORMAT.FRM and click Open . 9. Type [2] as the sheet number. The system should now fill out the parameters automatically without displaying any additional prompts, as shown in the following figure. 10. Save and close the format window.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5-15
NOTES
Pag e 1 5- 1 6
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NOTES
MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a format by importing an IGES file. You can add parametric information to a format.
D ra w i n g F o rm a t s
Pag e 1 5-17
Module
16
Creating a Bill of Materials
In this module, you learn how to use Pro/REPORT to create a Bill of Materials on a drawing.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create an automatic BOM. Manipulate a BOM. Show BOM balloons in the drawing.
Page 16-1
NOTES
Creating a Table
When creating a table to display an assembly drawings BOM, you should specify the placement and origin carefully to accommodate its growth as the system adds rows to the table.
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NOTES
INDEX
Select this cell
NAME
Figure 1: Simple Repeat Region
QTY
Select this cell
To create a simple repeat region, you would specify the parameters, as shown in the following figure.
INDEX
rpt.index
NAME
asm.mbr.name
QTY
rpt.qty
Pag e 1 6-3
NOTES
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NOTES
When you initially create the table, only the top-level components appear because the default attribute of a repeat region
Pag e 1 6-5
NOTES
prevents Pro/ENGINEER from searching through lower levels as shown in the following figure.
Recursive
You can also specify the Flat and Recursive attributes for individual subassemblies.
Pag e 1 6- 6
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NOTES
By Item
To remove a component from the BOM, you can simply select that record to remove. Setup a rule to remove multiple entries from the BOM. For example, remove all components composed of the material steel, you could set up a rule to check for the material.
By Rule
Pag e 1 6-7
NOTES
Enter report symbol &rpt.rel.qty. When entering using the menu, click rpt > rel > User Defined and enter [qty] as the parameter name. Create the repeat region relation, shown in the following figure.
if asm_mbr_type = = BULK ITEM Qty = AS REQUIRED Else Qty = rpt_qty Endif Figure 5: Quantity Relation for a Bulk Item
By incorporating this relation into the drawing, the system assigns all bulk items a quantity of AS REQUIRED, and assigns the appropriate quantity to each component.
if asm_mbr_type = = bulk item tcost = 0.0 Else Tcost = asm_mbr_cost * rpt_qty Endif Figure 6: Cost Calculations
The system will calculate the total cost and fill in the cells in the following figure.
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NOTES
Creating a Summation
To calculate the total cost of the entire assembly, you could create a summation of the total costs of each component by specifying the particular column to sum and a name for the summation parameter.
Pagination
If a table becomes too long to fit on one page, you can paginate it by breaking it at a particular row and continuing it on the next page, or you can create a new segment on the same page. As you add more information to the table, the system flows it into the next segment and adds more sheets as necessary. You can also repeat the header information from the original table on the next page.
Pag e 1 6-9
NOTES
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NOTES
Pag e 1 6-11
NOTES
LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To use Pro/REPORT to create a Bill of Materials in a drawing.
Method
In this exercise, you create a simple repeat region to automate a Bill of Materials (BOM) so that the system automatically reflects changes to the assembly information. You also change the appearance of the BOM by modifying the repeat region attributes.
1. Retrieve BARREL_ASM.DRW. 2. Click Sheets> Format > Add/Replace . 3. Use the LOOK IN drop down list, browse to the current working directory.(Fund_draw_320 directory) 4. Select C_MULTI_FORMAT_COMPLETED.FRM and click Open . Type [1] as the sheet number. 5. Enter the parameter values as shown in the following table. (These values have effect on the following tasks, so you dont have to be exact.)
Table 3: Parameter values for the format
Parameter
Drw_num Fscm_num Approved_by_date Approved_by Checked_by_date Checked_by Drawn_by_date
Value
11473 2172 TBD TBD 5/14/01 JOE CHECKER 5/7/01
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NOTES
Task 2. Create a table to display the Bill of Materials for the drawing. Include columns for the part name, type, quantity, cost, and total cost. 1. Create a table for the BOM on the drawing. Click Table > Create > Ascending > Leftward > By Num Chars . Select the lower right corner of the table as shown in the following figure.
Locate lower right corner of the table here
2. Create six columns in this table. ! Using the mouse, select immediately after the 6 for the first column, ! Immediately after the 5 for the second column, ! Immediately after the 4 for the third column, ! Immediately after the second 2 (12) for the fourth column, ! Immediately after the third 5 (25) for the fifth column, ! Immediately after the first 5 for the final column. 3. Create three rows in this table. Select immediately after the 2 for the first row, and immediately after the 1 for the second and third rows. Press middle mouse button to finish. 4. Define the justification of the columns. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Justify > Center > Middle . Select all six columns in the table. 5. Add text into the header of the table. Click Enter Text , select the lower left cell, and type [ITEM]. Select the next cell and type
Pag e 1 6-13
NOTES
[NAME]. Continue entering the text [TYPE] [QTY] [COST] as shown in the following figure.
6. Enter [TOTAL COST] in one line, then use Wrap Text to fit the cell. 7. Select the row. 8. Right click and select WRAP ROW. The table should appear as in the preceding figure. 9. Justify the NAME column. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Justify > Column > Left > Middle , then select the NAME column. The system maintains the center justification of the existing header, but left-justifies any new text. Task 3. Create a simple repeat region for the information in the BOM and define the parameters to display. 1. Click Repeat Region > Add > Simple, then select the cell above ITEM and the cell above TOTAL COST. 2. Click Enter Text > Report Sym . 3. Select the cell above ITEM and click rpt > index. 4. Select the cell above NAME and click asm> mbr > name . 5. Select the cell above TYPE and click asm > mbr > type . 6. Select the cell above QTY and click rpt > qty. 7. Select the cell above COST and click asm > mbr > User Defined , then enter [cost]. 8. Select the cell above TOTAL COST and click rpt > rel > User Defined , then enter [total_cost]. 9. Click Repeat Region > Update Tables . The table should appear as shown in the following figure.
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NOTES
Task 4. Change the attributes of the repeat region to modify the BOM display. Components should appear only once in the table and all parts should be included in the BOM, regardless of the level at which they reside. 1. Notice the piston assembly displays in the table five times. 2. Click Attributes and select the repeat region in the table. Click No Duplicates > Done/Return The following figure shows the new table configuration.
3. Change the attributes of the repeat region to include all levels of the assembly. Click Attributes and select the repeat region in the table. Click Recursive > Done/Return .
Pag e 1 6-15
NOTES
Task 5. Change the information for the total cost column. Create a relation to calculate cost and total cost values. The total cost is based on the quantity and cost values. 1. Click Relations from the Tbl regions menu and select the repeat region. Click Add and type [total_cost = asm_mbr_cost * rpt_qty]. 2. Click Repeat Region > Update Tables . The table should display as shown in the following figure.
3. Click Enter Text > Keyboard , then select the cell above COST. 4. Type [&asm.mbr.cost[.2]] to cause the number to display two significant digits.
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NOTES
5. Select the cell above TOTAL COST and type [&rpt.rel.total_cost[.2]]. Click Done/Return . 6. Define a cost value for the barrel part. Click Edit > Value and select the cell in the COST column for the barrel part. Enter [8.75] as the value. 7. Click Table > Repeat Region > Update Tables . The table should display as shown in the following figure.
Task 6. Create a summation for the number of components in the assembly. 1. Click Summation and select the repeat region. 2. Click Add and select the QTY seed cell in the region. 3. Type [assy_qty] as the parameter name.
4. Select the empty cell at the top of the QTY column to place the summation value. 5. Click Repeat Region > Update Tables . Task 7. Remove the names of assembly components from the table, as shown in the following figure. 1. Click Filters and select the repeat region. 2. Click By Rule > Add , then type [&asm.mbr.type != assembly].
Pag e 1 6-17
NOTES
Task 8. Create a summation for the total cost of the assembly and set the decimal precision to two. 1. Click Summation and select the repeat region. 2. Click Add and select the seed cell for the barrel in the TOTAL COST column of the region. 3. Type [assy_cost] as the parameter name. 4. Select the cell at the top of the TOTAL_COST column to place the summation value. Update the table. 5. Change the format for the cost. Click Format > Decimal Places . Enter [2] as the number of digits. 6. Select the assembly total cost value and click Done Sel . Task 9. Combine the upper left cells and add a header for TOTALS.
1. Click Table > Modify Table > Merge > Rows & Cols . 2. Select the upper left cell in the table and the cell directly to the left of the total quantity. 3. Click Enter Text and select the new cell. 4. Type [TOTALS] as the cell text. The table should appear as shown in the following figure.
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NOTES
Task 10. Explore the associativity of the BOM by suppressing the pump head part. Use Fix Index to fix the ITEM numbers when you add or suppress components. 1. Retrieve BARREL.ASM. 2. Click Component > Suppress , then select the pump head. Click Done Sel >Done . 3. Click Window > BARREL_ASM.DRW . Notice that the pump head is no longer in the BOM and the numbers in the ITEM column have changed. If you delete a component from the assembly, you may not want the item numbers of components later in the table to change. 4. Click Window > BARREL.ASM . 5. Resume the pump head part. Click Component > Resume > All > Done . 6. Set the drawing BARREL_ASM.DRW as the active window. 7. Change the table so that the deletion or suppression of a component does not affect the existing item numbers. Click Table > Repeat Region > Fix Index , then select the repeat region. Click Fix > Region > Confirm > Done . 8. Set the BARREL.ASM as the active window and suppress the pump head again. 9. Set the BARREL_ASM.DRW as the active window. Notice that the item numbers did not change this time.
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NOTES
10. Unfix the region. Click Table > Repeat Region > Fix Index , then select the repeat region. Click Unfix > Region > Confirm > Done . 11. Set the BARREL>ASM active and resume the pump head. 12. Close the assembly window and set BARREL_ASM>DRW active. Task 11. Add BOM balloons to the drawing that include the quantity. 1. Click Table > BOM Balloon > Set Region > With Qty, then select the region. 2. Click Show > By View , then select the 3-D view of the assembly. 3. Reposition the balloons appropriately and change the attachment [Select] and select a balloon to move. locations. Click 4. Modify the attachment point of a balloon. Right-click to bring up the pop menu. 5. Click Same Ref to move the arrow to a new position on the same reference. 6. Click Change Ref to change the reference to which the balloon is attached. Notice that you can not change the reference to a different component. 7. Merge the balloons for the inner and outer races and the bearing spacer, as shown in the following figure. Click Table > BOM Balloon > Merge . 8. Select the balloon for the inner race and then select the balloon for the bearing spacer. Use the MODEL TREE to identify the component as necessary. Repeat this step to merge the balloon for the outer race with the bearing spacer balloon.
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NOTES
9. Split the balloon for the pistons to create two balloons. Click Split and select the balloon for the pistons. Type [2] as the amount and attach the balloon to one of the other pistons. Locate the balloon toward the right side of the view. 10. Change the amounts in the balloons for the pistons. Click Redistribute and select the original balloon for the piston. Enter [1] as the amount to redistribute and select the new balloon. Task 12. Change the type of balloon for the barrel part and the head plate. 1. Click Alt Symbol and select the balloons for the barrel part and the head plate. 2. Click Done Sel > Retrieve > DELTA_BOM.SYM .
Pag e 1 6-21
NOTES
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NOTES
MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a table with repeat regions to create an automatic BOM. You can change the attributes of the repeat region. You can add BOM balloons to the drawing.
Pag e 1 6-23
Module
17
Family Tables
In this module, you learn how to create a family table of parts and manipulate it in a drawing.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create a family table of parts. Place a parts catalog table on a drawing. Replace one instance on drawing with another.
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If the generic model changes, the value for the instance updates as well.
You can lock an instance . You can lock an instance of a family table to prevent other uses from modifying table-driven characteristics of the instance.
Patterning an Instance
By patterning an existing instance, you can automatically create instances with parameters that grow incrementally. The system considers the instance you select for patterning as a seed that it can use to generate new family table members. You can pattern an instance in several directions to vary multiple parameters.
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Retrieving an Instance
When you select a generic model to retrieve into Pro/ENGINEER, you can select the generic model itself to open or one of the instances. You can choose an instance by name or based off of the values of the parameters in the table.
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Creating a Table
Create the table as described in Tables chapters. You typically need a table with two rows and two columns.
To complete the 2-D repeat region shown in the following figure, you would enter three parameters, as shown in the following figure.
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After you update the table, the system automatically fills in the cells with the family table information, as shown in the following figure.
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You can also use multiple values in filters. For example, if you add the filter &fam.inst.param.name!=bolt_length,bolt_dia, the system would remove the columns for bolt_length and bolt_dia from the table.
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is to complete a drawing and use it to create other drawings. To do this, you can follow the following three steps: Create the seed drawing. Replace the original model with another instance from the family table. Save a copy of the existing drawing to another name.
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You may have to modify the drawing of the new model by adding sheets, creating new views, and creating new notes. In addition, you may also have to make the following changes:
Reposition views . If the models differed in size significantly, you may have to move the views or change the scale of the drawing. Remove views .
Show new dimensions . If some of the dimensions of the new model do not appear on the drawing because the feature to which the dimensions belong does not exist on the original model, you may have to show these new dimensions.
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model_digits_in_region
yes no
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create a family table of parts and use them in drawings.
Method
In the first exercise, you learn how to create a family table that includes dimensions, parameters, and features. You create instances by manually typing in the information and by patterning an existing instance. In the second exercise, you retrieve a drawing of a generic model and create a table that reflects the family table information automatically. You also manipulate the table display. In the third exercise, you retrieve a drawing of a family table instance. You then replace the current instance with a different instance and create a copy of the drawing.
NOTES
Task 2. Create a family table for the barrel part that includes the diameter of the barrel, the diameter of the patterned holes, and the bolt circle diameter. 1. Click Family Tab . The Family Table editor appears. 2. Click [Add/delete table columns]. Accept the default ADD ITEM type, Dimensions . 3. Click Query Sel , select the outer surface of the barrel. Click
Accept.
4. Select BARREL_DIA. 5. Select one of the holes and select the CYLINDER_DIA and CENTERLINE_DIA dimensions. Click Done Sel . 6. In the FAMILY ITEMS dialog box, select Feature as the ADD ITEM type, select the chamfer, and click OK .
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Task 3. Add some new instances to the family table by editing the table and by patterning an instance of the table. After adding the instances, make sure that they regenerate successfully. 1. Add instances to the family table by clicking instance] twice. 2. Edit the data as shown in the following figure. [Insert a new
Task 4.
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3. In the ITEMS area, select BARREL_DIA, click [.25] as the increment followed by <ENTER>. 4. In the ITEMS area, select CYLINDER_DIA, click type [.10] as the increment followed by <ENTER>.
[Add] and
[Add direction] to specify a dimension for the second 5. Click direction. 6. Type [2] as the QUANTITY for the second direction. 7. Select CENTERLINE_DIA, click increment followed by <ENTER>. 8. Click OK to finish the pattern. Task 5. Remove the duplicate instance from the table and change the names of the other instances in the family table. 1. Select the B_400_80_250, right-click and select Delete Rows . 2. Modify the family table so that it appears as shown in the following figure. Change the names of the instances and the values for the chamfer column. Change other cells if necessary. [Add] and type [.2] as the
3. Click [Verify instances] > Verify to determine if the instances can be regenerated.
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4. The system verifies the validity of each instance and displays the status in the dialog box. Review the status, and then select the CLOSE button in the dialog box. 5. Click OK to exit the table. Task 6. Create a parameter for the cost and add it to the table. Assign the proper values to all of the instances. 1. Click Setup > Parameters > Part > Create > Real Number . 2. Type [cost] as the name of the parameter and [10.95] as the value of the parameter, then click Done . 3. Click Family Tab > [Insert a new instance].
4. In the ADD ITEMS area, select Parameter , check Cost and click Done Sel . Click OK. 5. Change the values in the cost column to those shown in the following figure.
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Task 7. Retrieve some instances into the family table. Retrieve one instance by selecting its name and retrieve another by selecting its value. 1. Open BARREL_FAMILY_TABLE.PRT. Select instance B_425_90_27 and click Open . 2. Close the window. 3. Open BARREL_FAMILY_TABLE.PRT. 4. Retrieve the instance that does not have the chamfer and has a barrel diameter of 4.25. 5. Click the By Parameter tab. 6. Select d2, BARREL_DIA, and 4.25. The number of instances in the bottom of the window decreases. 7. Select F740,HOLE_CHAMFER > N. The number of instances that satisfy these values should decrease to one, B_425_90_25. Click Open . 8. Close the current window.
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Task 2. Set up the columns of the table with left and middle justification. Create a 2-D repeat region and define the information to include in the table. 1. Click Mod Rows/Cols > Justify > Column . 2. Click Center > Middle . Select both columns of the table to set the justification. 3. Click Repeat Region > Add > Two-D . Select the cells as shown in the following figure.
Select this cell second Select this cell first Select this cell third Figure 16: Repeat Region Creation
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4. Click Enter Text > Reprt Sym and select the upper right cell of the table. 5. Click fam... > inst...> param > name . 6. Select the lower left table cell and click fam... > inst... > name . 7. Select the lower right table cell and click fam...> inst...> param > value . 8. Click Repeat Region > Update Tables . The table should look like the one shown in the following figure.
Task 3. Change the order of the columns in the table to reflect the column order of the original family table, as shown in the following figure. 1. Click Sort Regions , then select the region of the table. 2. Click the No Default check box and click Done . The columns are ordered as they are in the Family Table editor.
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Task 4. Retrieve the barrel family table part and add a new instance to the table. Return to the drawing and notice that the table automatically includes the new information. 1. Retrieve the generic BARREL_FAMILY_TABLE.PRT. 2. Click Family Tab > [Insert a new instance].
4. Exit from the table. 5. Close the part window and activate the drawing window. 6. The system may have already updated the table to include the new instance. If it does not display the new instance, click Regenerate > Draft . 7. Save and quit the drawing.
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1. Repeat this process and create new drawings for the instances B_5_20_C. 2. Do not delete the detailed view of the chamfer. 3. Save the drawing as B_5_20_C.DRW.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a family table of parts. You can create a parts catalog. You can create a drawing table with a 2-D repeat region.
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Module
18
Working with Large Drawings
In this module, you learn how to work with large drawings
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Reduce the amount of information displayed on a drawing. Control when a view is regenerated. Limit the number of files that must be retrieved to display a drawing.
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Working with large assemblies places a greater burden on your system than working with a small assembly or part. Likewise, working with a drawing of a large assembly can place an even greater load on your system. This is due to the fact that most drawings have multiple views that the system must update for hidden line removal, component placement, and so on. Even assemblies, which are not large by your definition may become unacceptably slow once a certain number of sheets and views is reached.
Drawing Retrieval
When you open a drawing, the system will first, load the associated models into memory (RAM), then regenerate all the views on the drawing, at last, display the image on the screen.
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Drawing model retrieval Drawing model regeneration Drawing view regeneration Drawing image display time(repaint time)
Each of the available techniques may target one of the aspects listed above, and it is recommended to estimate which step is impacting performance the most and implement solutions to improve that area.
The remaining sections of this summary document will discuss each of these approaches in greater detail.
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Table 1: Configuration File Options Option display_plane display_plane_tags Value yes* no yes* no Controls datum plane nametag display. Definition Controls datum plane display.
Similar configuration file options for other types of datum are also available.
By default, the system automatically regenerates all the views on all the sheets on your drawing when you perform certain operations such as regenerating the model, switching sheets, and changing the active window. You can change the configuration file option listed in the following table to prevent the system from automatically regenerating your entire drawing.
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Table 3: Configuration File Options Option auto_regen_view Value yes* no Definition Control whether the system automatically regenerates the display of your drawing when switching window.
If you set the value to no, you can then selectively update specified views, current sheet or the entire drawing. Using this method, you can update the views that are relevant to your current task without having to take the time to regenerate every other view as well.
Erasing Views
You can temporarily remove the views that you do not need by erasing them from the drawing. This not only allows you to focus on the current task, but also reduces the repaint time and view regeneration time. You can resume the erased views at any time to perform general review. By saving the drawing with erased views, retrieval time will also decrease.
As mentioned in an earlier chapter, Z-Clipping will allow you to display only the geometry in front of a plane and will ignore all geometry behind it. Essentially, this will: Terminate hidden line removal computations at the Z-Clip location. Terminate the displaying of any geometry from the Z-Clip location.
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For example, when looking at the front view of the vehicle as shown on the left in the preceding figure, it is not necessary for the system to regenerate any geometry beyond the vehicle center.
Using Area Cross-Section
Cross sectional views require additional system resources in order to: Determine which components are intersected by the cutting plane. Determine which geometry is in front of the cutting plane in the desired view and eliminate it. Determine which geometry is behind the cutting plane and how it is impacted by display settings such as Hidden Line or No Hidden. Determine cross hatch setting for each model intersected by the cutting plane.
In some cases, an area cross section can be used instead of the default total cross section to improve performance and clarity. With an Area Cross Section, only the geometry intersected by the cutting plane is displayed, preventing the system from calculating the geometry in front of and back of the cutting plane. This type of section may not be appropriate where display of components behind the cutting plane is desired, but can certainly be employed as a temporary, in-process solution.
Configuration File Settings
Using the configuration file options listed in the following table, you can further reduce the view regeneration time.
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Table 4: Configuration File Options Option display_in_adding_view Value default* wireframe minimal_wireframe display_trimetric_dwg_ mode_view yes* no Definition Controls the display of a view when you first place it on the drawing when auto_regen_views is set to no. Determines if a model is displayed in default orientation when placing a general view on a drawing. When set to no, the system does not display a model until you select default. Displays all views in wireframe regardless of the set display. Set to no prevents system from calculating and displaying tangencies Set to no prevents system from calculating and displaying silhouette edges Decreases tessellation of edges which will speed up display Controls whether the system retains the display of an object that is still in RAM. When set to yes, results in faster display of a sheet when switching sheets of a drawing.
no yes solid* no
display_silhouette_edges
yes* no
edge_display_quality retain_display_memory
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compress_output_files
no* yes
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These settings do not need to be in effect at all time. In fact, the users might want to toggle these setting on and off many times during the day. It is recommended that you implement the configuration files in the following steps: Create two configuration files: ! Large_draw_on.pro Sets the modeling environment for working with large drawings. ! Large_draw_off.pro Disables the large drawing settings and returns each of them to your company's standard setting. Create mapkeys or custom menu selections that will read each of these files in.
View Display
Using VIEW DISPLAY commands, you can control following: Which views of a drawing the system retrieves and displays. Which sheets of a drawing the system retrieves and displays. Which models the retrieves and displays.
For example, in a multi-model drawing, you can temporarily remove all models and views that are not necessary for current work.
Drawing Display
Using DRAWING DISPLAY commands, you can control following: Display a particular drawing sheet. Display a particular zoom state.
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Fit the screen with a particular view. Control whether to update the drawing tables.
Merging Drawings
Using the Merge command, you can combine two drawings together. Merging allows for: The individual drawing files will retrieve faster than the multi-sheet drawing would have.
Increased Performance Parallel Development Efforts
Several users can develop portions of a multi-sheet and/or multi-model drawing as separate drawings in parallel and then merge their separate drawings into a single drawing file.
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When merging two drawings, a source file is appended to the target file as additional sheets. Models that are used by the source drawing are added automatically to the target drawing during the merge. In this case, the resulting drawing will be a multi-model drawing.
Model Simplification
Using simplified representations, you can limit the components that the system retrieves and displays on the screen. This method allows you to retrieve and display only those components that you need for the current operation, thereby reducing the amount of time the system requires to retrieve, regenerate, and repaint your drawings.
Note:
This technique is targeted at the first stage of drawing retrieval: reducing the number of models retrieved into memory.
Tip!
Create a simplified rep with only a few models in it and use this to place all of your views.
Geometry Representations
A geometry representation requires less time to retrieve than the actual part because the system does not retrieve any of the parametric
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information, only the geometry. Although these versions of the part are non-modifiable, you can still extract valuable information such as Mass Properties and show dimensions on drawings.
Note:
It is recommended to base your large drawing on a Simplified Representation where most of the models are displayed as the Geometry Rep.
Set models to Master Rep that require all of the feature data in memory
View States
As the drawing is built up and the need to show more detail approaches, the rep can be altered or new ones created where more components are
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displayed. Pro/ENGINEER allows you to set each view of your drawing to be displayed as a different Simplified Representation using the View States option.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To reduce regeneration and repaint time for large drawings.
Method
In the first exercise, you reduce the regeneration and repaint time for a large assembly by reducing the amount of clutter on the screen and using view-only retrieve mode. In the second exercise, you create a few simplified representations for the pump assembly using rules, and then use a representation in the drawing. In the third exercise you merge two drawings into one file.
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2. Change to Sheet 2.
3. Click Views > Erase View , and select the detailed view. Accept [no] when the system prompts you to remove all arrows and circles associated with this view.
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4. Repeat this procedure to erase the two views in the lower left portion of the sheet. Task 2. Alter the configuration file to improve performance while working with large drawings. 1. Edit the config.pro file and add the option disp_trimetric_dwg_mode_view to no , and force_wireframe_in_drawings to yes . 2. Repaint the display. Pro/ENGINEER now does not have to take the time to calculate the removal of hidden lines. Task 3. Add a 3-D view in the upper right corner of Sheet 2.
1. Click View > Add View > General > Done . 2. Locate the view in the upper right corner of Sheet 2. Note:
The view does not display on the screen but the Orientation dialog box appears because you changed the setting for disp_trimetric_dwg_mode_view to no .
3. Click Saved Views , select ISO and click Set . Click OK to finish. 4. Remove hidden lines and tangent lines from the new 3-D view. Click Disp Mode > View Disp , then select the 3-D view. Click Done Sel . Click No Hidden > No Disp Tan > Done . 5. Edit config.pro and change the value of the configuration file option force_wireframe_in_drawings to no . 6. Repaint so that the drawing views no longer display in wireframe. 7. Resume the views that you erased earlier by clicking Resume View > Select All > Done Sel . 8. Return to Sheet 1.
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Task 4. Change the configuration file so that it only regenerates the display when you choose to regenerate it. 1. Modify a dimension. Select one of the .750 dimension, then rightc lick and select Properties . Enter [1.25] as the value. 2. Click Regenerate > Model > Automatic . Notice how much time it takes to regenerate the views. 5. Return to Sheet 2. The views on the second sheet begin to regenerate. The system has to regenerate all the views on sheet 2 because the geometry has changed. 6. Set the configuration file option auto_regen_views to no . 7. Return to Sheet 1. 8. Modify the 1.25 dimension back to 0.75. 9. Click Regenerate > Model > Automatic . Pro/ENGINEER regenerates the model and the dimension value updates, but the view geometry remains the same. Note:
Setting auto_regen_views to no allows you to control when the views regenerate so that you can make many changes to the model or drawing without waiting for the views to update.
10. Click View > Update > Drawing View . Select the bottom view, then click Done Sel . Pro/ENGINEER only updates this view. Task 5. When the system retrieves a drawing, it retrieves all of the models used in the drawing. As a result, the system may require a significant amount of time to simply open the drawing for you to view or plot it. Configure this drawing for View Only Retrieval. 1. Save the drawing and erase it from memory. 2. Retrieve the drawing without retrieving any of the part or assembly [Commands files used in the drawing. Click File >Open . Click and Settings ] and select RETRIEVE DRAWING AS VIEW ONLY. Select PUMP.DRW and click Open .
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3. The system retrieves the drawing very quickly, but it only displays the view borders because you did not save the display with the drawing. 4. Click Retr Models > Confirm . The system retrieves the models used in the drawing and displays the views correctly. 5. Change to Sheet 2. The system regenerates all the views on sheet 2. Note:
Saving the display will only save all the regenerated view. Without switching to sheet 2, the display of the views on sheet 2 will not be regenerated, therefore not saved.
6. Save the display. 7. Click Utilities > Environment and select the Saved Display check box. 8. Save the drawing 9. Erase the drawing again. Task 6. Retrieve the drawing without retrieving any of the part or assembly files used in the drawing. 1. Retrieve the drawing again as view only. 2. The system retrieves the drawing very quickly and displays it correctly on the screen. Pro/ENGINEER displays the graphics the way that they appeared when you last saved the drawing. You can now change sheets, plot, or retrieve the models. Note:
If one of the models changed since you last saved the drawing, the graphics that the system displays may be out of date. Regenerate the views on the drawing to update the graphics.
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2. Click Simpfd Rep > Create , then type [exterior]. Click Exclude Comp as the default rule. 3. Rather than manually select the external components, use the Simp Rep rule to evaluate this condition for you. Accept the defaults Master Rep then click By Rule . 4. In the BY RULE dialog box, select the Exterior Comps check box and click Evaluate .
5. Scroll down the MODEL TREE to see the components that satisfy this rule. 6. Click Update Screen > Done . 7. Save the assembly.
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Task 2. Retrieve the pump drawing and swap the current master rep model with the external simplified rep. 1. Retrieve PUMP.DRW and view Sheet 1. 2. Click Views > Modify View > View State . 3. Select the lower view on Sheet 1. Click Confirm , select EXTERNAL, and click OK . 4. Switch to Sheet 2. 5. Repeat this procedure for the 3D view and the four planar views. Any dimensions that can no longer be displayed with the current models in the rep are displayed in magenta. These dimensions could be recreated. 6. Save the drawing.
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Note:
The drawing that is being merged is the source drawing. The drawing into which it is being merged is the target drawing.
1. Active the pump drawing. Edit the drawing setup file and set the option radial_pattern_axis_circle to yes. Notice that the option drawing_text_height has the value 0.2. 2. Click Advanced > Merge . 3. Select the BARREL_MERGE.DRW and click Open . 4. Investigate the added sheet. 5. Notice that the text height and type has automatically taken the values of the target drawing. Also, notice that the axis pattern is now radial with an axis circle being displayed.
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Note:
After the drawings are merged, the drawing setup file options from the target drawing override the options used by the source drawing.
6. Click Views > Dwg Models > Set Model . Notice that both the pump and the barrel are associated to the drawing. 7. Save the drawing.
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1. Accept the default Erase > All followed by Add . 2. Click Display > Individual , select the detailed view Detailed 1 , followed by Done Sel > Add . Notice all view disappeared except the detailed view. Task 3. Set up the view location
1. Click the DRAWING DISPLAY tab. 2. Check the Go to Sheet check box and select 3 from the drop down list . 3. Check the Go to Center of View check box and click the detailed view . 4. Click the Frozen check box under the Table Preferences . 5. Click Execute > OK . Click Done/Return from the ADV DWG OPTS menu. 6. Save and Erase the drawing.
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Task 4. Imagine you are the vendor and are told to redesign the hole of the barrel part in the pump drawing. There is a drawing rep already created for you. Retrieve the drawing rep. 1. Click File > Open , select PUMP.DRW, followed by Open Rep . 2. Select the drawing rep BARREL_HOLE you just created. 3. The system brings you right to the location of your interest. Notice that it takes less time than it would if All Views default drawing rep is retrieved.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can reduce display of items in the drawing using layers, environment options, and the configuration option. You can control when a view is regenerated. You can use View Only and Simplified Representations to limit the file that needs to be retrieved.
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Module
19
Drawing Standards and Templates
In this module, you learn how to implement drawing standards using configurations files, drawing setup files as well as creating drawing templates.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Use configuration and drawing setup options to control the display of items associated with drafting standards. Create drawings according to your company standards. Create the drawing templates.
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Note:
You should not accept the settings in the standard drawing setup files as final standards. Instead, you should review each option to determine if the setting is appropriate for your company.
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After you change your drawing setup file, you should set it up so that all new drawings use this setup file by default. To do this, specify the name of your drawing setup file (FILENAME.DTL) as the value for the configuration file option drawing_setup_file. Several drawing setup file options control the appearance of items associated with drawing standards. You can change the settings of these options at any time. If you accept the default value, any changes are retroactive; it is, therefore, important to make changes to the drawing setup file rather than the individual items. Retaining the default settings makes is easier to update the drawing later if the standards change.
Note:
You should not accept the values std_ansi, std_din, and std_iso, etc., as final. Changes to the standards, and different interpretations, can produce different results. Select the option that produces the correct appearance in your drawing, regardless of the name of the setting.
D ra w i n g St a n d a rd s
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Horizontal
Horizontal Outside
Paralle l
Parallel Fully
Parallel Above
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chamfer_45deg_leadestyle
Affects the display of the leader in the drawing and all 45-degree chamfer dimensions. Improves the display of the offset between an ISO ordinate dimension line and the witness line. If set to yes, the system uses the witness_line_delta value. If set to no, the offset differs by about 2 mm. Sets the display standard for ordinate dimensions. When set to STD_ANSI, shows dimensions without a connecting line (figure A). Otherwise, places related ordinate dimensions along the connecting line (figure B).
iso_ordinate_delta
no yes
ord_dim_standard
tol_text_height_factor
Sets the default ratio between the tolerance text height and dimension text height, when tolerance is shown in plus-minus format. For standard, the system uses 1 for ANSI and 0.6 for ISO standard.
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tol_text_width_factor
Sets the default ratio between the tolerance text width and dimension text width, when tolerance is shown in plus-minus format. For standard, the system uses 1 for ANSI and 0.6 for ISO standard.
Options Controlling View Geometry axis_interior_clipping no yes When set to no, axes in the drawing conform to requirements of the ANSI Y14.2M standard. If set to yes, you can adjust each axis individually by clipping and moving, as illustrated below.
cutting_line
When set to std_ansi, uses the ANSI standard for cutting lines. When set to std_ansi_dashed, uses dashed lines. Otherwise, uses the DIN standard cutting line. Displays its thickened portion in white, and its thin portion in gray.
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cutting_line_segment
0 value
Specifies the length in drawing units of the thickened portion of a nonANSI cutting line. When set to 0, does not show the thickened portion. Controls the display of threads in drawings depending upon whether a drawing complies with ISO or ANSI standard (set by the thread_standard option). When set to yes, thread edges meet ANSI or ISO standard for Hidden Line display. Controls the text color in drawings. Unless set to STD_ANSI, all text is blue and detailed view boundaries are yellow. Determines whether a threaded hole with its axis perpendicular to the screen is displayed as an arc (ISO) or a circle (ANSI). If set to improved, does not display hidden thread lines if the environment is set to No Hidden. Displays them as leader lines if the environment is Hidden Line. When set to std_din, does not use the words SECTION, DETAIL, and SEE DETAIL in viewrelated notes.
hlr_for_threads
no yes
line_style_standard
thread_standard
view_note
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Model Requirements
The drawing templates use standard view names in the models to locate the views. For instance, you may specify that the first view placed in a General view oriented to the FRONT view. The model using the template must contain a view with this exact name, or the view can not be created with the template.
To define the first view for the template you will need to specify the following information: Name of the template view Type of view to be placed The name of the Saved View that should be used to orient the model The location for the view
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Optional information you can specify for the view: If a cross-section should be displayed for the view, and the crosssectional view name. Scale for the view. Name of the Explode State for the view. Name of the Simplified Rep to base the geometry on. The display setting for the view, such as No Hidden or Hidden Line. The display setting for tangent edges, such as Tan Phantom. If dimensions should be shown in the view. If dimensions are shown, you can choose to specify: ! ! ! If snap lines should be created The number of snap lines created The initial and incremental spacing of the snap lines
View Symbol
By default, all views are represented by the same symbol on the template. If desired, you can create additional symbols that can be used to represent the different types of views.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To use the drawing file setup options to create standard drawings.
Method
In this exercise, you learn how to use drawing setup file options to set standards for your drawings by manipulating the display of detail items such as dimensions, axes, and set datums. In the second exercise, you create a drawing template.
1. Click Advanced > Draw Setup . 2. Select the ord_dim_standard option and select std_iso from the VALUE drop-down list. 3. Apply the changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. Click Add/Change > Apply > Close . Repaint the screen. The ordinate dimensions now appear as shown in the following figure.
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Task 3. Change the display of the chamfer dimensions in the drawing by modifying the drawing configuration file. 1. Using the procedures found in the previous task to change the chamfer display. In the drawing setup file, set the chamfer_45deg_leader_style option to std_iso . Apply changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 2. Repaint the screen. The system displays the chamfer dimensions in their new style. Repeat this step and change the setting to std_din and std_jis as shown in the following figure.
JIS standard
DIN standard
ISO standard
ANSI-ASME standard
Task 4. display.
1. Set the angdim_text_orientation option to horizontal_outside . Apply changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 2. Repaint the screen. The system displays the angle dimensions in their new style. 3. Repeat this step and change the setting to parallel_above and parallel_outside .
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Task 5. Change the display of cross-sectional cutting lines, datum planes, and axes. 1. Change the display of cross-sectional cutting lines. Set the cutting_line to std_din. 2. Set the cutting_line_segment to [1.5]. Apply changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 3. Repaint the screen. The system displays the new cutting line style. Change cutting_line_segment to [1.0] and note the difference. In the following figure, the left view shows the ANSI standard and the right view shows the DIN standard.
4. Change the display of set datum planes. Set gtol_datums to std_iso_jis. Apply the changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 5. Repaint the screen. The system displays the new datum style. In the following figure, the left view shows the ANSI standard and the right view shows the ISO-JIS standard.
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6. Change the display of datum axes. Set axis_interior_clipping to Yes . Apply changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 7. Repaint the screen. The system displays the new axis style. Click the [Select] icon. Click the axis to highlight it. 8. Use the various drag handles on the axes to move the outside ends and inside ends of the axes.
10. Change the settings of the drawing setup file options that control arrow style, default font, text height, and text width. Note:
Changing the drawing units affects many other settings in the drawing setup file. The options that control text height and text width, for example, are based on this setting.
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Task 1.
1. Click File > New > Drawing . 2. Enter [assembly_C_template] for the name. 3. Clear the Use Default Template check box and click OK . 4. Accept none as DEFAULT MODEL. 5. Select Empty in the SPECIFY TEMPLATE area. 6. Accept the default Landscape and C size. 7. Click OK to create the drawing. Task 2. Initialize the template.
1. Click Applications > Template . This activates the template menu options. Task 3. Create a Bill of Material table.
1. Click Table > Save/Retrieve > Retrieve and open BOM.TBL. The table contains a repeat region and report symbols. 2. Locate the table at the top right corner of the drawing sheet. The position of the BOM needs to be adjusted after adding the format. 3. Click Done/Return from the TABLE menu. Task 4. Create a note by retrieving a text file.
1. Click Insert > Note > File > Make Note . Locate the note at the top left corner of the drawing sheet. 2. Open STANDARD_NOTE.TXT located in the current directory. Notice that the user defined parameter &modeled_by is included in this note. Click Done/Return . Task 5. Create two text styles.
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2. Create a style used for the table titles. ! Enter [table_title] as the STYLE NAME.
! Define the CHARACTER information. Select CG Times from the FONT drop down list. Uncheck the Default checkbox and enter [0.15] for the HEIGHT. Define the Justification of the NOTE/DIMENSION. Select Center from the HORIZONTAL drop down list. Select Middle from the VERTICAL drop down list. Click OK to close the dialog box. 3. Create a style used for notes. ! ! ! Click New from the TEXT STYLE LIBRARY dialog box. Enter [note_texts] as the STYLE NAME. !
Define the CHARACTER information. Select leroy from the FONT drop down list. Enter [0.12] for the HEIGHT. Click OK to close the dialog box. 4. Close the TEXT STYLE LIBRARY dialog box. Task 6. Create the default drawing layers.
1. Click View > Layers > Layer > New . 2. Enter [DRAFT_DTM] for the name. Select DRAFT_DTM as the DEFAULT LAYER TYPES. 3. Create the following layers using the same procedures: ! ! Click Add to add a new layer. Name: DRAFT_ENTITY, Click Add to add a new layer. Name: SNAP_LINE, DEFAULT
DEFAULT LAYER TYPES: DRAFT_ENTITY. LAYER TYPES: SNAP_LINE.
4. Click OK to close the NEW LAYER dialog boxes. Task 7. model. Make the layer display of the drawing associative to that of the
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2. Clear the Ignore display status of layers in the model check box. Click OK to close the LAYER STATUS CONTROL dialog box. 3. Click Close to close the LAYERS dialog box. Task 8. Modify the drawing setup file of the drawing template.
1. Click Advanced > Draw Setup from the TMPLT DWG menu. 2. Set the value of tol_display to Yes. 3. Apply the changes and close the window. Click Apply > Close , followed by Done/Return . Task 9. Define the first view for the template.
1. From the TMPLT DWG menu, click Views > Add Template . The TEMPLATE VIEW INSTRUCTIONS window appears. 2. Enter [front] as the view name. 3. In the VIEW ORIENTATION box, accept the default of General . 4. In the SAVED VIEW NAME box, accept the default of Front . 5. Define the view options: ! ! Check the X-Section check box. Enter [A] as the name. Check the Scale check box. Enter [0.75] as the value.
! Check the Exploded State check box. Accept the default name. ! Check the Simplified Rep check box. Enter [major_comp] as the name. ! ! Check the Model Display check box and select No Hidden . Check the Tan Edge Display check box and select Tan Solid .
6. Click Place View and locate the view at the lower left corner of the sheet.
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Task 10. Create a second view to generate a projection view. 1. Click New in the TEMPLATE VIEW INSTRUCTIONS dialog box. 2. Enter [top_project] as the view name. 3. In the VIEW ORIENTATION box, select Projection . 4. In the PROJECTION PARENT VIEW box, select FRONT . 5. Define the view options: ! ! ! Uncheck X-Section and Explode State check box. Check the Model Display check box and select No Hidden . Check the Tan Edge Display check box and select Tan Solid .
6. Click Place View and locate the view above the FRONT view. Task 11. Create a second projection view and a 3-D view. 1. Repeat the above procedures to create a projection view with the following values: ! ! ! ! ! ! View Name = right_project View Orientation = Projection View Parent = FRONT Uncheck X-Section and Explode State check box. Model Display = No Hidden Tan Edge Display = Tan Solid
2. Click Place View and locate the view to the right of the FRONT view. 3. Repeat the above procedures to create a 3-D view with the following values: ! ! ! View Name = 3D View Orientation = General Saved View Name = 3D_EXPLODE
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! ! ! !
Scale = 0.45 Exploded State = EXP0002 Model Display = No Hidden Tan Edge Display = Tan Solid
! Snap Lines = 3. Enter [0.5 ] as both the Initial Offset and the Increment. ! Balloons
4. Click Place View and locate the view above the RIGHT_PROJECT view. Click OK to close the dialog box. 5. Specify the BOM balloon region. From the TMPLT DWG menu, click Table > BOM Region > Set Region > With QTY . Select the repeat region on top of the BOM table header. 6. Save and close the window. Task 12. Create an assembly drawing using the assembly template. 1. Click File > New > Drawing . 2. Enter [1000pump_upper_housing] as the name. 3. Leave the Use default template check box checked. 4. Select 1000_UPPER_HOUSING.ASM as the DEFAULT MODEL. 5. Browse and open ASSEMBLY_C_TEMPLATE.DRW as the template. 6. Click OK . The system creates the drawing using the specified template. Specifically, the system does the following: ! ! Fills in the BOM. Places views according to the view template definitions.
! The layer, drawing setup file settings and text styles are also carried into the new drawing. 7. Reposition the balloons and blank the snap line layer.
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Note:
The advantage of using the layers to control the snap line display as opposed to using the environment display is that you can control it in individual views. The disadvantage is, once the snap line layer is blanked it ceases to work.
8. Save the drawing. Task 13. Add the C size format. Apply text style to the table title. 1. Click File > Open . Open the C_ACME.FRM located in the current directory. 2. Zoom in on the title block and examine its content. The following drawing labels have been entered and saved in the table. ! !
! &todays_date &model_name &dwg_name &type &scale &format ¤t_sheet &total_sheets
! ! ! !
!
3. Close the format window. 4. Activate the 1000PUMP_UPPER_HOUSING.ASM window. 5. Click Sheets > Format > Add/Replace . Open the C_ACME.FRM from the session. 6. The system adds the format and fills in the values for the parameters in the title block. 7. Reposition the note and BOM if necessary.
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8. Click Text Style from the FORMAT menu. Apply the table_title text style to the ACME PUMP CO. text in the title block. Task 14. Create a C size part drawing template. 1. Open the ASSEMBLY_C_TEMPLATE.DRW window. 2. Click File > Save a Copy . Enter [PART_C_TEMPLATE] as the new name. 3. Retrieve the PART_C_TEMPLATE.DRW from the working directory. 4. Initialize the template. Click Applications > Template . 5. Delete the BOM table. Click Table > Delete . Select the BOM table. Confirm when prompted. Task 15. Redefine the view templates. 1. Click the [Select] icon.
2. Right-click the FRONT view template and choose Properties . 3. Clear the all the check boxes except for the following 3 options. Fill in the following information. ! ! Model Display = No Hidden Tan Edge Display = Tan Solid
! Dimension: Create snap lines. Enter [0.5] for both the Initial Offset and the Increment. ! Click OK to close the dialog box.
4. Redefine the two projection views using the same procedure and settings. 5. Set the dimension display priorities. ! ! When redefining the last projection view. Highlight the Dimension check box and click Set Display Priorities . Using the arrow to set the priorities to be: FRONT, TOP_PROJECT and RIGHT_ PROJECT.
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Click OK to finish.
6. Redefine the 3D view. ! Change the Model Saved View Name to 3D.
! Clear the all check boxes, except for the Model Display and the Tan Edge Display . Click OK to finish. 7. Save the template. Task 16. Create a part drawing. 1. Create a new drawing. Enter [1000_plunger_cap] as the drawing name. 2. Specify 1000_PLUNGER_CAP.PRT as the DEFAULT MODEL. 3. Specify PART_C_TEMPLATE.DRW as the TEMPLATE. Click OK . 4. The system creates views and shows dimensions. 5. Reposition the dimensions as necessary. Blank the snap lines layer. 6. Add the C_ACME.FRM format. Click Sheets > Format > Add/Replace . Open the C_ACME.FRM from the session. Click Done/Return . Task 17. Merge the part drawing to the assembly drawing. 1. Active the assembly drawing. 2. Click Advanced > Merge . 3. Select the 1000_PLUNGER_CAP.DRW and click Open . 4. Investigate the added sheet. 5. Save and erase the drawing.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can use configuration and drawing setup options to control the display of items associated with drafting standards. You can implement company drawing standards using the drawing templates.
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Module
20
Plotting
In this module, you learn to how to create plot files.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Plot a drawing interactively. Configure the plotter. Plot using the Batch utilities.
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PLOTTING INTERACTIVELY
Using Pro/ENGINEER, you can create plot files of the current object (part, drawing, assembly, etc.) and send them to the print queue of a plotter. Interactive plotting provides flexibility in creating a plot file because you can scale, clip, or output the plot to the screen to preview it. Once you have properly set up all of the plotting options, you can send the plot directly to the plotter from within Pro/ENGINEER. Using the PRINT dialog box, you can specify the configurations such as print destination, sheets information and plotter command.
Print Destination
Using the [Command and Setting], you can specify an existing printer or add new printer types, as shown in the following figure.
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You can specify the size of the sheet to which you are going to print (for example, you can print a C-size drawing on an A-size sheet) or create a customized size.
Dimensions of the paper Offset on the paper
from the origin. You can include a label on the plot and control its height. The system prints the label as NAME:<OBJECT DATE> and shifts the plot to the right, which may clip some geometry along the right border.
Label to include on the plot Units of the paper
millimeters.
You can select the pen table file to control which pens the system uses for different types of lines. You can also set the pen velocity to a printer that has pen speed control.
You can specify that you want to install a cutter on a plotter. It is only active when a plotter that supports the hardware has been selected.
Cutter information
You can access either the software plotter handshake mode or the hardware plotter handshake mode.
Handshake information Sheet type You can specify the type of paper as cut-sheet or roll, it is only active when a roll feed plotter driver has been selected. Rotation
You can properly print a landscape orientation drawing on a portrait type laser printer or a portrait orientation drawing on a landscape type laser printer.
Model Tab
You can specify the following information concerning the model you are plotting:
Type of plot
! Full Plot Creates a plot of the entire object. ! Clipped Creates a clipped plot by defining a box around the area to plot. This area appears on paper in its normal location relative to the lower-left corner.
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! Based on Zoom Creates a scaled, clipped plot based on the paper size and the zoom setting in the graphics window. This is the default setting. ! Plot Area Creates a plot by shifting the area inside the clip box to the lower-left corner of the paper and scaling the clipped area to match the user-specified scale. ! Model Size Scales the plot to a specified model scale. For example, if you enter 0.25, the system creates a plot of the model to scale. This choice is valid only for 3-D objects. Plot scale You can specify the plot scale in a range from 0.01 to 100 (2-D only). In addition, you can also generate a segmented plot and control whether or not the system plots it with the drawing. A segmented plot plots the drawing in real size, breaking it up onto separate sheets. You can control whether the system plots all visible layers or only the one specified by ID.
Layers Plot quality
You can specify the quality of the output file by controlling the amount of checking that Pro/ENGINEER performs for overlapping lines.
To File
By checking the To File check box, you can save an output plot file. If you do not check To File , the system deletes the plot file after it issues the Plotter command. When you print to a file, you can create a single file or a separate file for each sheet of the drawing, as well as append to an existing plot file.
Sheets
You can specify which sheet of the drawing to print. You can print all of the sheets, the current sheet, or a range of sheets (for example, 11-14).
Number of Copies
When you send the plot directly to a printer, you can enter a positive number between 1 and 99 to specify the number of copies that you need.
Plotter command
When you plot to a printer, you can use the Plotter command field to specify the system command that sends a file to the printer. You can enter
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the command in this field, or use configuration file options plotter_command to specify the command.
Filenames listed for processing do not require the local version number. The system retrieves the latest version of the object as it normally would in Pro/ENGINEER. If you specify a local version of the file, Pro/BATCH uses that specific version of the file.
Local version numbers Configuration files
Pro/BATCH reads the configuration files from the same locations as a Pro/ENGINEER session, including the current working directory from which the Pro/BATCH utility is executed. The Pro/BATCH utility uses the Pro/ENGINEER search paths to find the files in the list. The system creates output files in the current directory unless you specify the destination directory in the Pro/BATCH interface. The system generates log files for each Pro/BATCH session listing each command line in the file followed by a success or failure exit code.
Search paths
Log files
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batch files and save them, using the same batch process repeatedly, if necessary. To create a batch file, you need to start Pro/BATCH, set up general preferences. You can then create the batch file, specify the files on which to perform the action, set up the options for each action, and schedule the batch process.
Starting Pro/BATCH
To start the Pro/BATCH utility, enter the command [pro_batch] in a system window. The Pro/BATCH interface should then appear on your screen as shown in the following figure.
Setting up Preferences
You should then set up the general preferences for the batch file to define the default action that you want the system to perform on the objects. The PREFERENCE menu allows the user to set the default Option Preference for all the available actions in the Pro/BATCH, shown in the following fugure. The General preference tab defines the default action for new objects added to the batch file. If you include objects for plotting in the batch file, you must enter the
PLOTTER COMMAND on the Plot options page.
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Adding Objects
You should then specify the files on which you want the system to perform the actions. Objects are added to the batch file using the Browse button on the FILE pull-down menu. The BROWSE dialog box allows the user to browse the file system selecting and adding objects to the batch file. Each object is added as a separate line item with an action (plot, IGES, etc.) and the configuration options for that action. The default action is defined on the General preference tab. The options for that action are defined on the corresponding tab in the OPTION PREFERENCE dialog box.
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Pro/ENGINEER Command
A valid Pro/ENGINEER command must be entered to tell the Pro/BATCH utility which license of Pro/ENGINEER to execute.
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Table 1: Configuration File Options Affecting Plotting Option delete_after_plotting yes no (default) Value Description Determines if the system deletes a plot file after plotting. When set to yes, the system automatically deletes a plot file after successfully plotting it. Controls the edge display quality for wireframe and hidden line removal. It also affects screen display. Determines the default quality check the system uses to check for overlapping lines in a plot or 2-D export. Sets the weights of the entities plotted to pens 1 through eight to a value of 1 through 16, where 1 is the thinnest, 16 being the thickest in increments of .0006 in. Default values are Pen 1 4, Pen 2 1, Pen 3 2, Pen 4 3, Pen 5 2, Pen 6 3, Pen 7 1, Pen 8 4. The default thickness for Pen 1 is .0024 in. Sets the pen speed for both x and y directions for plotters that are compatible with this option. Sets the pen speed for x and y directions separately for plotters that are compatible with this option. The first value is for the x direction and the second is for the y direction. Specifies a default pen mapping table (table.pnt) file.
edge_display_quality
interface_quality
value (0-3)
pen#_line_weight
pen_slew
value
pen_slew_xy
pen_table_file
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plotter
Specifies the plotter driver as shown in the list of supported devices in the Plot dialog box. Specifies a command to initiate the plot from the operating system. (for example, lp, lpr etc.) Specifies the directory to where the system writes plot files. When set to yes, system gives plot files extensions to identify plot format. (.ps, .hp, .hp2, .ver etc.). Allows full support of 8 pens (uses 4 pens by default). When set to yes, plots the exact line style used in Pro/ENGINEER. When set to no, the plotter plots lines using its own font.
plotter_command
command
plot_file_dir
directory name
plot_names
yes no (default)
use_8_plotter_pens
yes no (default)
use_software_line_ fonts
yes no (default)
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To plot a drawing interactively, and by using batch utilities.
Method
In this exercise, you create plot files for drawings. You create plot files manually and by using the Pro/BATCH tool.
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8. Create a plot file. Accept the defaults Create Single File and [PLUNGER_BODY_MARKUP.PLT] (depending on the file you are working on) as the name of the plot file and click OK . 9. Open a system window to make sure that the plot file is in the current directory. Click Window > Open System Window from the pull-down menu. ! For DOS, enter [dir *.plt*] to list all of the postscript files in the directory. ! For UNIX, enter [ls *.plt*] to list all of the postcript files. 10. Enter [exit] to close the system window. 11. Exit Pro/ENGINEER. Task 2. Start the Pro/BATCH utility and create a new batch file, then set up the preferences for plot files. 1. Open up a system window and begin the Pro/BATCH utility. Open a system window and enter [pro_batch] at the command line. 2. Create a new batch file. In the PRO/BATCH dialog box enter [DRW_PLOT] as the name in the BATCH FILE box. 3. Specify the command to start Pro/ENGINEER. Type the command used to start Pro/E in the PRO/ENGINEER COMMAND box. (For Windows make sure to include the .BAT extension.) 4. Define the default option preferences for this file. Click Preference > Set Preference . 5. Define the default action for this batch file as plotting. Click the General tab and select Plot from the DEFAULT ACTION dropdown list. 6. Define the preferences for plot files. Click the Plot tab. Select DEFAULT from the PLOTTER drop-down list, select C as the PAPER SIZE, select 3 as the OUTPUT QUALITY, and type [1.0] as the USER SCALE. Click OK . Task 3. Specify the files to plot during this batch process. After selecting the files, set up the options for each action. 1. Specify the list of drawings to plot. Click File > Browse .
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2. In the DIRECTORIES area, navigate to the FUND_DRAW_320 directory by double clicking the directory name or drive name. Use the DRIVE drop-down list to select an appropriate drive as necessary. 3. Filter for drawings. Select drawing file (*.drw) from the FILTER drop-down list. 4. Select the BOLT_REPLACE, screw, and threaded bolt drawings. Holding down the <CTRL> key, select BOLT_REPLACE. DRW, SCREW.DRW, and THREADED_BOLT.DRW. 5. Click Add Objects . Click Close Browser when you have finished. 6. Change the plot options for the screw and threaded bolt drawings to plot to an A-size sheet. Press and hold <SHIFT> key and select SCREW.DRW and THREADED_BOLT.DRW. 7. Click Options > Set Option from the pull-down menu. Change only the plotting option for the sheet size. 8. Select A from the PAPER SIZE drop-down list and click OK . The OPTION column changes from 'default' to 'userdefined.' Task 4. Save the batch file and schedule it to start immediately.
1. Click File > Save in the PRO/BATCH dialog box. 2. Execute the batch process. Click Schedule > Start the Task . 3. Specify the task to start immediately. In the SCHEDULE dialog box, type [0] as the number of hours to delay before starting the batch process. 4. Click OK to start the task. If there is no printer set up in the training facility, change the action to IGES and proceed. 5. Exit from batch processing. Click File > Exit > OK from the PRO/BATCH dialog box. 6. In the system window, list the contents of the batch file saved in the pro/batch start up directory. ! Open up a system window if necessary. ! Navigate to the directory where you entered [pro_batch], if necessary.
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! For the DOS window, enter [type pro_batch.log.1]. ! For UNIX, enter [more pro_batch.log.1]. 7. After viewing the log file, close the system window.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can interactively plot drawing, parts, and assemblies. You can plot using the Batch utilities.
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Module
21
Markup Model
In this module, you learn how to create engineering markups. You also learn how to superimpose drawings using overlays.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Create markups for different types of objects. Save and retrieve markups. Superimpose drawings with overlays.
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ENGINEERING MARKUPS
A markup is an informal sketch that you can create in Pro/ENGINEER and superimpose over an object, as shown in the following figure. Each markup acts like a set of transparent sheets on top of a drawing sheet. It enables you to superimpose text and sketched entities in a variety of colors to indicate where changes might be required.
Creating a Markup
You can create a markup for a part, assembly, drawing, report, layout, or manufacturing model. However, the object that you use for the markup is read-only, which means that you cannot make any changes to your part or drawing while in Markup mode. You can only indicate the changes that
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To create a markup, you must select an object and then specify a name for the markup. The default name is your login name. The system creates the file and attaches a .MRK extension to it to signify that it is a markup. You can then set up the markup by specifying the color, text height, and line width to use for the markup entities. After setting up the markup, you can create notes and sketched entities (sketch, curve, arrow, or line) on the markup, as well as modify, move, or delete entities. If your drawing contains multiple sheets, you can mark up all of the sheets at the same time and in the same markup. You do not need to have a separate markup for each sheet.
Retrieving Markups
When you retrieve a drawing that has an associated markup, Pro/ENGINEER does not inform you that a markup exists for it because it considers the drawing to be independent of the markup. Therefore, you may want to implement a notification system for your users using email, voice mail, memos, or a database manager. When you retrieve a specific markup, Pro/ENGINEER lists the markup name with the related model in brackets; then it automatically retrieves the related model and the markup. You can then toggle between different markups for that model without having to open each individually.
Naming Conventions
Pro/ENGINEER does not automatically create a new version of a markup when you create a new version of the associated drawing. Therefore, you may want to create a new markup with each version of your drawing to maintain current markups.
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OVERLAYS
Using overlays, you can superimpose the image of one drawing on top of another to view changes among the source drawing, the drawing in which you created the overlay, and a target drawing. This is a useful tool for viewing the differences between family table drawings in which you have replaced the views from one instance with another. An overlaid view contains all detail items from the source drawing, and it automatically updates to reflect any changes. When using overlays, keep in mind the following: Overlays are read-only in the target drawing. You cannot select an overlay for any drawing operation in the target drawing. If the size of the target drawing sheet is different from that of the source drawing, they both consume the same graphics area. The system rescales the model from one size to another. You can place overlays from multiple drawings on individual sheets that contain no detailing that was originally in the target drawing. This allows you to create a master target drawing with multiple sheets composed of overlays of the source drawings.
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create markups for a drawing in order to indicate the changes needs to be made.
Method
In this exercise, you create two markups for the plunger body drawing. The first markup specifies the removal of the triangular symbol and modification of the detailed view scales. The second markup specifies the modification of the scale of the 3-D view.
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Task 2. Create a note specifying the removal of the symbol from the drawing. In addition, create a note and two arrows specifying a change in the scale of the detailed views. 1. Click Note and pick near the end of the arrow for the location of the note. 2. Enter [REMOVE THIS SYMBOL] as the first line of the note and enter [FROM THE DRAWING] as the second line of the note. 3. Press <ENTER> on a blank line to finish the note, as shown in the following figure:
4. Switch to Sheet 2 to add more geometry to this markup. Click Setup > Switch Sht > Next until Sheet 2 appears. 5. Create a note between the two detailed views to specify the adjustment of the scales. Click Done/Return > Note and locate the note between the detailed views. 6. Enter [CHANGE THE SCALE] as the first line of the note, [FOR THESE VIEWS] as the second line, and [TO 5.00] as the third line. 7. Create arrows pointing from the note to DETAIL 1 and DETAIL 2, as shown in the following figure using techniques discussed earlier.
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8. Save this markup. 9. Click Done/Return to finish this markup. Task 3. Create a new markup that specifies a modification of the scale for the 3-D view, then change the line width and text style. 1. Click New from the ENTER MARKUP menu. Enter [CHANGE_B] as the name of the markup. 2. Switch sheets to Sheet 1 of the drawing. Click Setup > Switch Sht > Previous > Done/Return . 3. Create a curve surrounding the 3-D view on Sheet 1. Click Curve , then pick points through which the curve should pass using the left mouse button, as shown in the following figure. Click the middle mouse button to finish. 4. Create an arrow pointing to the curve that you just created using techniques discussed earlier. 5. Create a note at the end of the arrow. Enter [CHANGE THE SCALE] as the first line of the note and [TO 1.25] as the second line of the note, as shown in the following figure.
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Figure 4: Change View Scale 6. Change the line width of the curve and the arrow that you just created. Click Modify > Line Width , pick the curve and the arrow, and click Done Sel . Enter [.05] as the new line width. 7. Click Setup > Color > Cyan to change the color of the new markup to light blue. 8. Change the justification of the note text and increase the text height. Click Modify > Note > Text Style . Pick both lines of the note and click Done Sel . 9. Enter [.25] for the HEIGHT and click Center from the JUSTIFY HORIZ drop-down list. 10. Click Apply > Close . 11. Save this markup and close the window.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can create a markup of a drawing. You can display more than one markup simultaneously. You can overlay a drawing on top of another.
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Appendix
A
Creating ISO-Standard Drawings
In this module, you learn how to create a drawing that conforms to ISO standards.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Use the configuration file and drawing setup options to create an ISO standard drawing. Create tolerance tables at the part and drawing levels. Create ISO standard surface finish symbols.
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ASME/ANSI
ISO/DIN
Figure 1: Chamfer_45deg_dim_text
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Table 1: Drawing Setup File Options for ISO-Standard Drawings OPTION NAME Options controlling views and their annotations: half_view_line detail_circle_line_style projection_type view_note view_scale_format crossec_arrow_style crossec_arrow_place cutting_line cutting_line_segment hlr_for_threads thread_standard Options controlling leaders: draw_arrow_style Options controlling gtol information: gtol_datums new_iso_set_datums Options controlling dimensions: angdim_text_orientation chamfer_45deg_leader_style iso_ordinate_delta lead_trail_zero ord_dim_standard text_orientation tol_text_height_factor tol_text_width_factor Miscellaneous options: decimal_marker line_style_standard weld_symbol_standard comma std_iso std_iso parallel_fully_outside std_iso or std_din yes std_metric std_iso parallel 0.6 0.6 std_iso_jis yes filled symmetry phantomfont first_angle std_iso ratio_colon head_online above_tail std_iso 10 yes std_iso OPTION VALUE
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TOLERANCE TABLES
You can create dimensional tolerances using a set of tolerance tables that the system assigns to each model in either the ANSI or ISO standard. Pro/ENGINEER assigns the ANSI tolerances based on the nominal dimensions number of digits. However, tolerance tables drive the ISOstandard tolerances.
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Each ISO-standard model also needs an extra attribute called the model class, which determines the general coarseness of the model (fine, medium, coarse, or very coarse), as shown in the following table. The system uses the tolerance class in conjunction with the dimension value when retrieving tolerances for General or Broken Edge dimensions. The configuration file option tolerance_class sets the default tolerance class for ISO models. After you load a new table, the system assigns the new dimension tolerances and you can regenerate the model. If you modify a dimension tolerance, it deletes the tolerance table reference for that dimension and the tolerance value remains the same until you modify it again or reassign the tolerance table. The configuration file option tolerance_table_dir sets the default directory for a user-defined tolerance table.
Displaying Dimensions
All holes and shafts tables overwrite existing tables. The following figure illustrates how Pro/ENGINEER displays dimensions in ISO models, which are driven by holes or shafts tables.
When changing the tolerance table reference, keep in mind the following: If a holes or shafts tolerance table drives a dimensions tolerances, you cannot show it in a plus-minus symmetric format. The system assumes that the General and Broken Edge tables have symmetric values. If a dimension value falls outside the ranges specified in the table, the system uses the closest range to obtain tolerances.
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If you place a dimension tolerance in a family table, the system deletes its tolerance table reference. Also, if you switch a model from ANSI to ISO, or vice versa, it preserves the tolerances in the family tables and does not assign a table reference to those dimensions.
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GROUPS
DESCRIPTION radial to the center of the surface to which the symbol is applied. NON_DIR - Nondirectional, or protuberant.
ILLUSTRATION
ROUGHNESS
Indicates permissible roughness range (micrometers or inches): AVERAGE - Roughness average. MAX_MIN - Maximum and minimum roughness average values.
REMOVAL ALLOW
Material removal by machining that is required to produce the surface (millimeters or inches). Roughness sampling length or cutoff rating (millimeters or inches). Text used for specifying other roughness. Text used for specifying production method.
SAMPLE_LEG
OTHER_ROUGH PROD_METHOD
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LABORATORY PRACTICAL
Goal
To create a drawing to ISO standards.
Method
In this exercise, you create a drawing that follows the ISO standard by changing the drawing setup file and defining ISO tolerance tables for hole or shaft dimensions.
1. Turn on the tolerance display using the ENVIRONMENT dialog box. Display the MODEL TREE as necessary. 2. Check the dimensions of the first protrusion. Click Modify and select PROTRUSION ID 9 from the MODEL TREE.
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3. Continue to use modify to check the dimensions of hole id 465. Notice that the diameter dimension is displayed in plus/minus format. 4. Check the remaining features using the MODEL TREE. Task 2. Change the tolerance standard from ANSI to ISO. Since the cover will hold bearings, you will change additional dimensions to display a tolerance. 1. Click Utilities > Options to change the configuration file. 2. Add the configuration file options.
Table 4
OPTION VALUE
3. Save the file and name it [ISO_CONFIG]. Apply the changes and close the OPTIONS dialog box. 4. Change the tolerance standard to ISO. Click Set Up > Tol Setup > > Standard > ISO/DIN . Click <Enter> to regenerate the part. 5. Assign the model to a tolerance class. This part is used in an engine, and the general coarseness is medium. Click Model Class > MEDIUM . Press <Enter> to regenerate the part. 6. The dimensions that had their tolerances displayed have been added to the General tolerance table. To view the values inside the table, click Tol Tables > Show > General Dims . Click File > Exit to close the table. Task 3. Retrieve a hole tolerance table so that it can be used in two dimensions. 1. Click Retrieve . Select the TOLERANCE TABLE DIRECTORY from the LOOK IN drop-down list and select HOLE_J.TTL. 2. Click Open . Press <Enter> to regenerate the part.
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3. Repeat the procedures to apply a shaft tolerance table SHAFT_H to the model. Click Done/Return > Done to return to PART menu. 4. Assign J6 hole tolerance table the to the 50 dimensions of the bearing. Click Modify > DimCosmetics > AssignTol > Holes and enter [j6] in the message area. 5. Select HOLE ID465 and HOLE ID 520 from the MODEL TREE to show the dimensions. Pick the two 50 dimensions as shown in the following figure. Click Done from the MODIFY menu.
6. Save the changes. 7. Close the window. Task 4. Open the ISO_DRAWING, start the conversion to an ISO standard drawing, and change the drawing setup file in accordance with an ISO standard. 1. Open the file ISO_DRAWING.DRW. 2. Modify the existing drawing setup file to reflect the values shown in the following table.
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3. Apply the changes then save a copy of the drawing setup file. Enter [ISO] for the name. 4. Repaint the screen and notice the changes. Close the OPTIONS dialog box.
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Task 5. Note that the cross section projected view did not change from third angle to first angle projected, as specified in the drawing setup file. To avoid recreating the view and the dimensions. You can change the view orientation by changing the view type to general first and back to projection. 1. Click Views> Modify View> View Type to modify the view type. Pick the cross section projected view. 2. Click General> Done to define the type as general. 3. Click Done from the XSEC TYPE menu to leave the existing cross section definition. 4. Modify the view type again. Click View Type . Pick the same view. 5. Click Projection> Done to set the view type back to projected. 6. Click Yes to allow the system to reorient the detail view. 7. Click Done from the XSEC TYPE menu to leave the existing cross section definition. 8. Resolve the conflict in the views parent. Select the general view to the left of the view you are changing. Task 6. The cut direction for the cross section is defined by the views initial orientation. Change the orientation for the cross section view so that it is correct. 1. From the VIEW MODIFY menu, click X-Section> Flip and pick the projected views cross-hatching to redisplay the cross section by modifying it. 2. Return to the top level menu. Click Done/Return . Task 7. Some of the notes on the drawing do not comply with ISO standards. Change the notes to meet compliance. 1. Modify some of the notes on the drawing. Click the [Select] icon and select the DETAIL C. Right click and choose Properties . Remove the text field containing the word detail. 2. Blank the words SECTION A-A using a layer. Click View> , enter [Note] for layer name and click OK . Layers . Click
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3. Associate the note to the layer. Click Item and Add . Select 2D Items . Then pick the note SECTION A-A and click Done Sel and Done/Return . 4. Change the display of the layer. Select the NOTE layer from the list [Blank]. Click Save Status > Close . then click Task 8. Set the dimension offsets to be correct according to ISO standards. 1. Click Insert > Snap Line > Att View and pick the four cyan view boarders in the projection view. 2. Click Done Sel to create snap lines in the projected view to control the position of the dimensions. 3. Enter [10] as the distance of the first snap line, enter [5] as the number of snap lines, and enter [8] as the distance between snap lines. 4. Click Done/Return . [Select] icon and select 5. Move the dimension to snap. Click the the dimensions so that they appear as show in the following figure. 6. Remove the extra snap lines. Click the the extra snap lines, followed by <Del>. [Select] icon and select
Task 9. Add the number of holes to the 60 degree angular dimension as parametric information. 1. Add the pattern parameter of six holes to the 60.0 dimension. Click [Select] icon and select the 60.0 dimension in the general the view on the left. Right click and choose Properties . 2. Click Dimension Text and enter [&p0 X] in the PREFIX text box. Click OK . 3. Erase the 6 holes note. Click View > Show and Erase . Click Erase > and select the 6 HOLES note followed by Done Sel . Close the dialog box. The drawing should appear as shown in the following figure.
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Task 10. Change tolerances and the number of decimal places in Drawing mode. 1. Click Format > Decimal Places , then enter [3]. Click Pick Many and create a box around the entire drawing. 2. Click Done Sel . 3. Apply the tolerance table to the diameter dimension. Click the [Select] icon and select the 130 dimension. Right click and choose Properties . 4. Select SHAFT from the Tolerance table list. Select H and 6 from the TABLE NAME drop down list. 5. Select LIMITS from the TOLERANCE MODE drop down list then select OK to view the exact values of the dimension. 6. Change the tolerance format of the two 50 dimensions. Click the [Select] icon and select the 50 dimension. Right-click and choose Properties .
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7. For the Tolerance mode, select Limits to show the exact values in parentheses. Click OK to close the dialog box. 8. Finish the clean up of the dimensions. Click the [Select] icon and reposition the snap lines and dimensions so that they do not intersect, as shown in the following figure.
Task 11. Place surface finish symbols on the drawing according to the ISO standard. 1. Click Insert > Symbol Instance to create ISO-standard surface finish symbols. 2. On the PLACEMENT tab, click Retrieve to retrieve a pre-defined instance. Click System Syms from the LOOK IN drop down list. 3. Double click isosurftext then click isosurftext.sym > Open . The symbol definition is now ISOSURFTEXT. 4. In the HEIGHT box, enter [15].
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5. From the PLACEMENT: TO BE PLACED drop down list, select With Leaders , then pick the lower attachment locations of the two surface finish symbols as shown in the following figure. Click Done Sel . 6. Use Move to move the symbol to reposition, if necessary.
Figure 7: Surface Finish in the Drawing 7. Use the pro-defined groups to change the symbol. Click Grouping and select MACHINED > ROUGHNESS > AVERAGE > PROD_METHOD , and LEADER . 8. Define the values for the symbol. Click Var Text . Enter [0,8] under AVER_ROUGHNESS. Enter [grind] as the
PROD_METHOD.
9. Click New Inst to create another surface finish symbol without closing the dialog box. 10. Define the attachment for the next symbol. Click PLACEMENT tab and then select PLACE INST from the PLACEMENT: TO BE PLACED area of the dialog box. 11. Pick the upper attachment of the two surface finish symbols as shown in the previous figure, followed by Done Sel .
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12. Move the symbol to the location shown if necessary. 13. Add a third surface finish as the global finish. Select NEW INST from the SYMBOL INSTANCE dialog box. 14. Enter [30] to change the height of the symbol. 15. Define a free placement. Select FREE NOTE from the PLACEMENT: TO BE PLACED drop down list. Pick in the lower right corner, as shown in the previous figure. 16. Move the note if necessary. 17. Remove the production method and leader group options. Click Grouping and clear the PROD_METHOD and LEADER check boxes. 18. Click New Inst from the SYMBOL INSTANCE dialog box to add the last surface finish as the global finish. 19. Click Placement > Place Inst to place as a free note. Pick in the lower right corner, next to the previous symbol, as shown in the previous figure. 20. Change the average roughness to 3,2. Click Var Text and change the aver_roughness value of [3,2]. 21. Click OK to finish. 22. Clean up the symbol leaders. Create a jog on the two surface finish symbols with leaders, as shown in the previous figure. Task 12. The configuration file settings affected the display of the chamfer dimension. Change the dimensional text of the chamfer dimension to reflect ISO standards. 1. Show the chamfer dimension. ! Click View > Show and Erase> Show . Select dimension as the show type. ! ! ! Click the Preview tab. Check the With Preview check box. Click Show All > Yes . Keep the two 1 X 45 dimensions and close the dialog box.
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2. Move the chamfer dimension. Click the [Select] icon and select the 1 X 45 dimension. Move it to the other side of the projected view. 3. With the 1 X 45 dimension still highlighted, right click and choose Properties . Click Dimension Text , then enter [{2:2 REQ'D}] in the DIMENSION TEXT area as a second line. Click OK . Task 13. Create a perpendicular gtol placed on the two axes of the bearing holes, in accordance with the ISO standard. 1. Display the axes tags. Click Utilities, Environment then select Datum Axis from the ENVIRONMENT dialog box, then click OK . [Select] icon 2. Start changing the display of axis A_19. Click the and select the axis A_19. Right click and choose Properties . 3. In the AXIS dialog box enter [A] as the name. 4. Set the axis to be used for a geometric tolerance reference. Click >OK . 5. Change the display of axis A_20. Repeat the above steps and enter [B ] for the name. 6. Move the set tags to the left of the view so that they snap to the first snap line. Select the tags using the [Select] icon. Rearrange the drawing as shown in the following figure. Note:
You may also need to move the axis so that they extend to the location of the tag.
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Figure 8: Drawing with Gtols 7. Start the creation of a perpendicular gtol. Click Insert > in the GEOMETRIC Geometric Tolerance . Click TOLERANCE dialog box. 8. Define axis A_1 as the reference. Select AXIS from the TYPE drop-down list in the REFERENCE: TO BE SELECTED area. 9. Click Select Entity and pick axis A_1 located at the center of the model. 10. Define the placement using a leader associated to the upper witness line of the 130 diameter dimension. From the PLACEMENT: TO BE PLACED area, select NORMAL LDR from the drop-down list. 11. Using Query Sel , pick the upper witness line of the 130 dimension. Place the gtol as shown in the previous figure.
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12. Specify the datum references as the A and B axis. Click Datum Refs . Specify the datum references on the primary tab. select A from the BASIC drop-down list. Select B from the COMPOUND drop-down list. 13. Click Tol Value and enter [0.005] in the OVERALL TOLERANCE text box to define the tolerance value as .005. 14. Show the diameter symbol in the gtol. Click Symbols and click the Diameter Symbol check box. 15. If necessary, use Move to change the position of the gtol. Select OK to finish the placement. 16. Save the drawing. 17. Erase the drawing and all associated object models from memory.
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MODULE SUMMARY
You have learned that: You can use configuration file and drawing setup options to create an ISO standard drawing. You can create tolerance tables at the part and drawing levels. You can create ISO standard surface finish symbols.
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Appendix
B
Using PTC Help
You can use PTC Help to quickly search for Pro/ENGINEER information. PTC Help includes quick references and detailed information on selected topics.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Start PTC Help. Search for specific information about Pro/ENGINEER. Obtain context-sensitive help while performing a task.
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Please visit the PTC Technical Support Online Knowledge Database , which features thousands of Suggested Techniques. For more information, see the Technical Support Appendix.
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Figure 1 Starting PTC Help The Pro/ENGINEER Online Help homepage appears in your web browser window.
In the left frame of the window, you see a list of topics arranged in a tree structure. By clicking on each higher level topic, you can access subtopics, and by clicking the sub-topics you can access detailed instructions, explanations, and tips.
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2. Click on any icon or any part of the Pro/ENGINEER main window about which you want an explanation. 3. A browser window opens that explains the topic. 4. In the following example, clicking on the model tree icon in the toolbar launched a browser window that explained the icon functionality.
5. In addition, you will also notice at the lower left there is a See Also link which on clicking provides a list of related topics that may be of immediate interest.
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2. Click any menu command from the menu manager. 3. A TOPIC ROUTER browser window opens with a list of topic links that explain the menu command. 4. Click the topic you want to read. 5. In the following example, clicking on X-Section in the menu manager launched the TOPIC ROUTER browser window with a list of two useful topics.
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Consult the following list to find a particular module in the table of contents:
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Appendix
C
PTC Global Services: Technical Support
PTC Global Services is committed to providing top quality assistance to our customers. In addition to our Technical Support Hotline, we also have Web-based offerings that are designed to fit your individual needs by providing 24 hour / 7 day availability. PTC Global Services is also committed to continually improving customer service. Through our Quality Monitoring program, we have demonstrated our commitment to service by achieving Global ISO 9000 Certification for our Technical Support offerings.
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to: Open a Technical Support Call. Register for on-line Technical Support. Navigate the PTC Products Knowledge Base. Find telephone numbers for technical support and services.
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CALLCENTER: Tokyo PHONE: CONFIG_ID: PRODUCT: MODULE: PRIORITY: DESC_BEGIN: description starts
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Cu s t o m e r Su p p o rt I n f o rm a t i o n
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Telephone Call
Web Call
Investigation
SPR
Software Performance Report (SPR) SPR Verification through Tech. Support Engineer
Update CD to customer
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Work stopped
stoppage. Critical software issue that affects immediate work and a practical alternative technique is not available.
High Medium Software issue that does not affect immediate work or a practical alternative technique is available.
Cu s t o m e r Su p p o rt I n f o rm a t i o n
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ONLINE SERVICES
After you have registered you will have full access to all Online Tools.
You can search our Knowledge Base using a Search-Engine. Our Online Support Applications controls the status of calls (Call Tracker) and SPRs (SPR Tracker) and adds comments to these. If you add a comment, the Technical Support Engineer assigned to your call will be notified automatically. Additionally, contact information such as the customer feedback line and electronic order of software and manuals are available. The Software Update Tool allows you to request the latest software updates for any PTC product.
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Technical Point of Interest provides additional technical information about a software product. TPIs are created by Technical Support to document the resolution of common issues reported in actual customer calls. TPIs are similar to TANs, but do not reference an SPR.
Suggested Techniques Provides step-by-step instructions including screen snapshots, on how to use PTC software to complete common tasks.
Frequently Asked Questions provides answers to many of the most commonly asked questions compiled from the PTC Technical Support database.
FAQ
Cu s t o m e r Su p p o rt I n f o rm a t i o n
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CONTACT INFORMATION
PTC Technical Support Worldwide Electronic Services.
These services are available seven days a week, 24 hours a day.
Web:
E-mail:
cs_ptc@ptc.com (for opening calls and sending data) cs-webmaster@ptc.com (for comments or suggestions about the Customer Service Web site)
ftp.ptc.com
cs-feedback@ptc.com
Telephone:
www.ptc.com/cs/doc/feedback_nums.htm
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Telephone
For assistance with technical issues, contact the Electronic Services noted in the previous section, or the Technical Support line as listed in the Phone and Fax Information sections below. PTC has nine integrated Technical Support Call Centers in North America, Europe, and Asia. Our worldwide coverage ensures telephone access to Technical Support for customers in all time zones and in local languages.
800-477-6435
781-370-5332 781-370-5513
Maintenance:
888-782-3774
Education:
888-782-3773
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License Management Phone Numbers: Belgium Denmark Finland Eastern Europe 0800-75376 8001-5593 0800-117-092 44 1252 817 078
Cu s t o m e r Su p p o rt I n f o rm a t i o n
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France Germany Ireland Italy Netherlands Norway Portugal Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom
0800-14-19-52 49 (0) 89-32106-0 1-800-409-1622 39 (0) 39-65651 0800-022-0543 8001-1872 05-05-33-73-69 44 1252 817 078 900-95-33-39 020-791484 41 (0) 1-8-24-34-44 0800-31-8677
Education Services Phone Numbers: Benelux France Germany Italy Spain/Portugal Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom 31-73-644-2705 33-1-69-33-65-50 49 (0) 89-32106-325 39-039-65-65-652 39-039-6565-1 34-91-452-01-00 46-8-590-956-00 (Malmo) 46-8-590-956-46 (Upplands Vasby) 41 (0) 1-820-00-80 44-0800-212-565 (toll free within UK) 44-1252-817-140
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Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Philippines Singapore South Korea Taiwan Thailand the respective string: China India Center. MTF8309729 MTF8309752
001-803-65-7250 7-2-48-55-00-35 120-20-9023 1-800-80-1026 0800-44-4376 1800-1-651-0176 65-830-9899 00798-65-1-7078 (international toll free) 080-3469-001 (domestic toll free) 0080-65-1256 (international toll free) 080-013069 (domestic toll free) 001-800-65-6213
*Note: Callers dialing from India or China must provide the operator with
The operator will then connect you to the Singapore Technical Support
License Management Phone Numbers Japan Hong Kong 81 (0) 3-3346-8280 (852) 2802-8982
Education Services Phone Numbers Australia China 61 2 9955 2833 (Sydney) 61 3 9561 4111 (Melbourne) 86-20-87554426 (GuangZhou) 86-21-62785080 (Shanghai) 86-10-65908699 (Beijing) Hong Kong India 852-28028982 91-80-2267272 Ext.#306 (Bangalore) 91-11-6474701 (New Delhi) 91-226513152 (Mumbai)
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81-3-3346-8268 03-754 8198 65-8309866 82-2-3469-1080 886-2-758-8600 (Taipei) 886-4-3103311 (Taichung) 886-7-3323211 (Kaohsiung)
ELECTRONIC SERVICES
Up-to-Date + Information Worldwide ISO 9000 Certification Quality Control System
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Ap p e n d i x B
INDEX
Fundamentals of Drawing Approaches To Performance Improvement Drawing Rep Tool, 18-9 Merging Drawings, 18-10 Model Simplification, 18-11 Reducing Drawing Retrieval Time, 18-8 Reducing Drawing View Regeneration Time, 18-4 Reducing the Repaint Time, 18-3 Approaches To Performance Improvement, 18-3 Arrows, 5-9 Assemblies Drawings, 3-2 Exploded Views, 3-2 BOM Create, 16-2 Filter, 16-6 Level, 16-5 Pagination, 16-9 Repeat Region Attributes, 16-4 Simple Repeat Region, 16-2 Sort, 16-6 Summation, 16-9 BOM Balloons, 16-10 Changing Cross-Sections, 4-9 Configuration File Options, 6-5, 7-11 Configuration File Options, 15-6, 19-4 CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS, 8-7 Configuration Files Config.pro, 1-5 Config.sup, 1-5 Drawing Setup Files, 4-16 Drawing Setup Files, 1-6 Editing, 1-5 Configuration Files Options, 5-12 Controlling Layer Display in the Drawing, 13-7 Cosmetic Sketches Projected Sections, 10-2 Regular Sections, 10-2 Cosmetic Threads Changing the Format, 10-6 Create, 10-3 Using Standard Hole, 10-13 Cross-Sections, 2-6 Changing Cross-Hatching, 4-9 Full, 2-6 Dimension Create, 6-2 Dimension Tolerance Displaying Tolerance, 8-3 Specify Dimension Tolerances, 8-2 Standard, 8-2 Dimensions Creating Draft Dimensions, 6-4 Creating Ordinate Dimensions, 6-2 Creating Ordinate Dimensions for a Flat State Sheetmetal Part, 6-3 Creating Reference Dimensions, 6-3 Hole Tables, 6-4 Redefining Features, 6-3 Dimensions Adding Text, 5-9 Arrows, 5-9 Baseline References, 5-8 Cleaning Up, 5-6 Dual, 5-7 Extension Lines, 5-9 Leaders, 5-9 Move, 5-5 Ordinate, 5-7 Snap Lines, 5-6 Drafting Applications, 11-2 Geometry Types, 11-2 Drawing Setup File Options, 2-9 Drawing Configuration Files, 2-8 Drawing Default Layers, 13-2 Drawing Format Create, 15-2 Including Parametric Information, 15-4 Drawing Retrieval and Regeneration Process, 18-2 Drawing Setup File Options, 7-11, 16-11 Drawing Setup File Options, 13-8, 17-11, 19-5 DRAWING SETUP FILE OPTIONS, 8-9 Drawing Setup Files, 5-14 Drawing Setup Files, 1-6 Drawing Templates Create, 19-9
INDEX
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Dimension and Balloon Priority, 19-11 Model Requirements, 19-10 View Definition, 19-10 Drawings Associative, 1-2 Drawings Assemblies, 3-2 Configuration Files, 1-3 Drawing Interface, 1-7 Icons, 1-9 Menus, 1-7 Message Window, 1-10 Model Tree, 1-10 Exploded Views, 3-2 Multiple Models, 3-2 Creating, 3-3 Setting the Active Model, 3-3 Showing Details, 5-2 Templates, 1-2 Engineering Markups, 21-2 Family Table Create, 17-2 Creating a Parts Catalog in Drawing, 17-5 Generic Part, 17-2 Verify, 17-5 Geometric Tolerance Create, 8-4 Modify, 8-7 Locating Draft Geometry Construction Geometry, 11-4 Cross Hair, 11-3 Draft Grid, 11-4 References, 11-3 Markups Creating a Markup, 21-2 Retrieving Markups, 21-3 Saving and Viewing a Markup, 21-3 Note Content, 7-2 Delete, 7-3 Leader, 7-5 Move, 7-4 Save, 7-6 Superscript and Subscript, 7-5 Text Style, 7-6 Wrap Text, 7-4 Overlays, 21-4 Print Configuration File Options, 20-9 Print
Configuring the Plotter, 20-3 Destination, 20-2 Plotter command, 20-5 Pro/BATCH, 20-6 Pro/ENGINEER, 20-2 Pro/BATCH Adding Objects, 20-8 Creating a New Batch File, 20-8 Defining the Action and Options, 20-9 Pro/ENGINEER Command, 20-9 Setting up Preferences, 20-7 Starting Pro/BATCH, 20-7 Setting up Your Configuration File, 19-2 Setting up Your Drawing Setup File, 19-2 Symbols Create, 12-2 Creating Symbol Geometry, 12-2 Grouping Symbol Geometry, 12-3 Placing Symbol Instance, 12-6 Symbol Palette, 12-6 Variable Text, 12-3 Table Blank the Cell Borders, 9-6 Changing the Size, 9-5 Creating a Table, 9-2 Justification, 9-3 Merge Cells, 9-6 Origin, 9-6 Text Inserting OLE Objects, 7-8 Text Fields, 7-7 Text Style, 7-7 Text Style Libraries, 7-8 Views, 2-2 Adding Cross-Sections, 2-6 Alignment, 4-2 Assembly, 4-10 Assembly Member Display, 4-12 Auxiliary, 2-3 Boundaries, 4-6 Changing the Callout, 4-7 Changing the Reference Point, 4-8 Changing Type, 4-14 Color of Model Geometry, 4-5 Configuration File Options, 4-15 Controlling Displays, 4-5 Controlling View Display, 2-5 Creating, 2-2 Cross Sections, 4-9 Detailed, 2-4
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INDEX
Exploded, 4-13 General, 2-2 Graph, 2-4 Hidden Lines, 4-5 Modifying Scale, 4-6 Orientation, 4-2 Origin, 4-3 Projection, 2-3 Remove, 4-6 Revolved, 2-4 Snapshot, 4-11 Tangent Lines, 4-5 Z-Clipping, 4-12 Views, 4-2
INDEX
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INDEX