SUBJECT: ORDINARY DIFFRENTIAL EQUATIONS CODE: BUM2123 (FKP)

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC: Ordinary Differential Equations 1.1 & 1.2

TUTORIAL 1

1.

Classify the following differential equations as partial or ordinary and as linear homogeneous, linear non-homogeneous or linear differential equations, state their order and name the dependent and independent variables. Equation Order DV IV PDE ODE Linear NonHomo homo Nonlinear

No a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k)

2 f f f +y + sin y = 0 2 x y x

d 2 p dp + (sin z ) p = ln z dz 2 dz
2 h +x2h =0 xy

d 2s ds + ( sin t ) + ( t + cos t ) s = e t 2 dt dt
x x +v = uv u v
1/ 2

d3p d2p dp + 4 6 +8p = 0 2 dy 3 dy dy f f f + xyzf = 0 x y z dx = f (t ) x dt 2 f 2 f 2 f a( x ) + b( x, y ) + c( y ) = p ( x, y ) 2 xy x y 2 d 2x y = 2 2 dy x 1

2 y y y + ( sin t ) + ( cos p ) =0 pt p t

2.

By using elementary analytical solution method : Separable Equations, find a) General solutions for

dy by = i. dx x

dx x 2 + xt ii. t = dt t

iii.

ds = ( 1 + sin t ) cot s dt

iv. 2 xt

dx = x2 t 2 dt

v. q

p dp dx 3t 2 x 2 = p + q sin 2 vi. t = dq dt t 2x q

b) Particular solutions for, i. iii.

dx sin t = 2 dt x dx 4 ln t = 2 dt x dx 2 x2 =t e dt
t2

, x ( 0) = 4 , x ( 1) = 0 + x2 , x ( 1) = 2

ii. iv.

y3 x

dy = x4 + y 4 dx

, y ( 1) = 4

ds s3 st 2 = dt t3

, s ( 1) = 2 , r ( 1) = 4

v. xt

2 vii. s

dr = r 2 + 2rs ds

c) and, show that, by making substitution y = at + bx + c , equation of the form

dx = f ( at + bx + c ) can be reduced to separable form. Hence find the general dt

solution for i.

dy x y + 2 = dx x y + 3

ii.

( t + 2x ) dx = dt t + 2x +1