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Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual
Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual
2 AR 18-13/18-15 Router .................................................................. 1.2.3 AR 18-16/18-18 Router .................................................................. 1.2.4 AR 18-20 Router ............................................................................ 1.2.5 AR 18-30 Router ............................................................................ 1.2.6 AR 18-31 Router ............................................................................ 1.2.7 AR 18-32 Router ............................................................................ 1.2.8 AR 18-33 Router ............................................................................ 1.2.9 AR 18-34 Router ............................................................................ 1.2.10 AR 18-35 Router .......................................................................... Chapter 2 Installation Preparation ................................................................. 2.1 Requirements on Environment ............................................................... 2.1.1 Requirements on Temperature/Humidity ....................................... 2.1.2 Requirements on Cleanness .......................................................... 2.1.3 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention .................... 2.1.4 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment ............................ 2.1.5 Requirements on Preventing Lightning .......................................... 2.1.6 Requirements on Workbench ........................................................ 2.2 Precautions ............................................................................................ 2.3 Installation Tools, Meter and Equipment ................................................ Chapter 3 Installing the Router ...................................................................... 3.1 Installation Flow ...................................................................................... 3.2 Installing the Router ............................................................................... 3.2.1 Placing the Router on a Workbench .............................................. 3.2.2 Mounting the Router on a Vertical Surface .................................... 3.3 Connecting the Ground Wire .................................................................. 3.4 Connecting the Power Cord ................................................................... 3.5 Connecting the Router to Console Terminal .......................................... 3.6 Connecting the Router to the LAN ......................................................... 3.7 Connecting the Router to WAN .............................................................. 3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port ............................................................... 3.7.2 Connecting the Multiprotocol Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Interface ........................................................................................ 3.7.3 Connecting the CT1/PRI Port ........................................................ 3.7.4 Connecting the E1 Port .................................................................. 3.7.5 Connecting the ISDN Port ..............................................................
1-1 1-1 1-2 1-2 1-6 1-9 1-13 1-15 1-18 1-20 1-23 1-25 1-28 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-4 2-4 3-1 3-1 3-2 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-9 3-9 3-10 3-15 3-16 3-19
3.7.6 Connecting the Ethernet Port......................................................... 3.7.7 Connecting the ADSL Port ............................................................. 3.7.8 Connecting the G.SHDSL Port ...................................................... 3.8 Verifying Installation ............................................................................... Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router ............................................ 4.1 Booting the Router ................................................................................. 4.1.1 Setting up Configuration Environment ........................................... 4.1.2 Powering on the Router ................................................................. 4.1.3 Startup Process ............................................................................. 4.2 Configuration Fundamentals of the Router ............................................ 4.2.1 Basic Configuration Steps .............................................................. 4.2.2 Command Line Interface ................................................................ Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router .................................................................. 5.1 Maintaining the Router Software ............................................................ 5.1.1 Boot Menu ...................................................................................... 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol ................................................................................... 5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program ......................................................................................... 5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet ............................... 5.1.5 Uploading/Downloading Application, Boot ROM program and Configuration File Using FTP .................................................................. 5.1.6 Recovering the Lost Router Password .......................................... Chapter 6 Troubleshooting ............................................................................. 6.1 Troubleshooting Power System ............................................................. 6.2 Troubleshooting Configuration System ..................................................
3-20 3-20 3-22 3-22 4-1 4-1 4-1 4-4 4-5 4-7 4-7 4-8 5-1 5-1 5-1 5-4 5-7 5-8 5-12 5-16 6-1 6-1 6-1
HUAWEI
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. If you purchase the products from the sales agent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., please contact our sales agent. If you purchase the products from Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. directly, Please feel free to contact our local office, customer care center or company headquarters.
Trademarks
TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800, TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN, HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye, Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, TopEng are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Related Manuals
The following manuals provide more information about the AR 18 Series Router. Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual Content It mainly describes the hardware features of Quidway AR 18 Series Routers, as well as the installation, configuration, maintenance and the troubleshooting. The manual is a guide for the users to use VRP1.7 to perform the operations correctly. It is organized into the parts of overview, system management, interface, link layer protocol, and network protocol. The manual is a guide for the users to use VRP1.7 to perform the operations correctly. It is organized into the parts of routing protocol, multicast, security, and VPN. The manual is a guide for the users to use VRP1.7 to perform the operations correctly. It makes the description from the aspects of reliability, QoS, dial-up, and voice. In addition, it provides a list of the abbreviations and acronyms used in the manual. The manual gives you a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP1.7. It is organized into the parts of overview, system management, interface, link layer protocol, and network protocol. The manual gives you a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP1.7. It is organized into the parts of routing protocol, multicast, security, and VPN. The manual gives you a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP1.7. It makes the description from the aspects of reliability, QoS, dial-up, and voice. In addition, it provides you with a general command index for the whole manual.
Content It is an operation guide for the users to use the terminal accessing function in a correct way. It comprises the operation guide to the terminal accessing function of routers and the UNIX host configuration guide as well. The manual is a guide for the user to use VRP3.3 to perform the operations correctly. It is organized into the parts of getting started, system management, interface, link layer protocol, network protocol, routing protocol, multicast protocol, security, VPN, reliability, QoS, MPLS and dial-up, as well as abbreviations used in the manual. The manual gives the user a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP3.3. It is organized into the parts of getting started, system management, interface, link layer protocol, network protocol, routing protocol and multicast protocol, security, VPN, reliability, QoS, MPLS and dial-up, as well as a command index
Note: Please see VRP1.7 series manuals for the configuration methods of AR18-10 Series Routers, and see VRP3 series manuals for the configuration methods of AR18-20/18-30 Series Routers.
Organization
Quidway.AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual is organized as follows:
z
Chapter 1 Router Overview gives an overview of core technique, applications, models and features of Quidway AR 18 Series Routers. Chapter 2 Installation Preparation describes the installation environment requirements, the precautions before and during installation, and lists the required tools as well.
Chapter 3 Installing the Router describes how to install the router, connect power cord and other cables. Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router describes how to boot the router and introduces some configuration fundamentals, including booting the router, powering on the router, initializing the system files, etc.
Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router tells you how to maintain the software and hardware, including software upgrade, loading configuration files, etc. Chapter 6 Troubleshooting summarizes the possible problems in installation and equipment startup and provides you with the solutions.
Intended Audience
The manual is intended for the following readers:
z z z
Network engineers Network administrators Customers who are familiar with network fundamentals
Conventions
The manual uses the following conventions:
I. General conventions
Convention Arial Arial Narrow Boldface Courier New Description Normal paragraphs are in Arial. Warnings, Cautions, Notes and Tips are in Arial Narrow. Headings are in Boldface. Terminal Display is in Courier New.
IV. Symbols
Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:
Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the operation. Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description.
Environmental Protection
This product has been designed to comply with the requirements on environmental protection. For the proper storage, use and disposal of this product, national laws and regulations must be observed.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Router Overview .......................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Hardware Features ............................................................................................................ 1-2 1.2.1 AR 18-12 Router ..................................................................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 AR 18-13/18-15 Router ........................................................................................... 1-6 1.2.3 AR 18-16/18-18 Router ........................................................................................... 1-9 1.2.4 AR 18-20 Router ................................................................................................... 1-13 1.2.5 AR 18-30 Router ................................................................................................... 1-15 1.2.6 AR 18-31 Router ................................................................................................... 1-18 1.2.7 AR 18-32 Router ................................................................................................... 1-20 1.2.8 AR 18-33 Router ................................................................................................... 1-23 1.2.9 AR 18-34 Router ................................................................................................... 1-25 1.2.10 AR 18-35 Router ................................................................................................. 1-28 Chapter 2 Installation Preparation............................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Requirements on Environment .......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Requirements on Temperature/Humidity ................................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Requirements on Cleanness................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.3 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention............................................. 2-2 2.1.4 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment..................................................... 2-3 2.1.5 Requirements on Preventing Lightning................................................................... 2-3 2.1.6 Requirements on Workbench.................................................................................. 2-3 2.2 Precautions ........................................................................................................................ 2-4 2.3 Installation Tools, Meter and Equipment ........................................................................... 2-4 Chapter 3 Installing the Router .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Installation Flow ................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Installing the Router........................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2.1 Placing the Router on a Workbench ....................................................................... 3-2 3.2.2 Mounting the Router on a Vertical Surface ............................................................. 3-3 3.3 Connecting the Ground Wire ............................................................................................. 3-4 3.4 Connecting the Power Cord............................................................................................... 3-5 3.5 Connecting the Router to Console Terminal ..................................................................... 3-6 3.6 Connecting the Router to the LAN..................................................................................... 3-7 3.7 Connecting the Router to WAN ......................................................................................... 3-9 3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port ........................................................................................ 3-9 3.7.2 Connecting the Multiprotocol Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Interface ......... 3-10 3.7.3 Connecting the CT1/PRI Port................................................................................ 3-15 3.7.4 Connecting the E1 Port ......................................................................................... 3-16
i
Table of Contents
3.7.5 Connecting the ISDN Port..................................................................................... 3-19 3.7.6 Connecting the Ethernet Port................................................................................ 3-20 3.7.7 Connecting the ADSL Port .................................................................................... 3-20 3.7.8 Connecting the G.SHDSL Port.............................................................................. 3-22 3.8 Verifying Installation......................................................................................................... 3-22 Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router ......................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Booting the Router............................................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1 Setting up Configuration Environment .................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Powering on the Router .......................................................................................... 4-4 4.1.3 Startup Process....................................................................................................... 4-5 4.2 Configuration Fundamentals of the Router........................................................................ 4-7 4.2.1 Basic Configuration Steps....................................................................................... 4-7 4.2.2 Command Line Interface......................................................................................... 4-8 Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router................................................................................................ 5-1 5.1 Maintaining the Router Software ....................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Boot Menu ............................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol .......... 5-4 5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program ............ 5-7 5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet ........................................................ 5-8 5.1.5 Uploading/Downloading Application, Boot ROM program and Configuration File Using FTP ...................................................................................................................... 5-12 5.1.6 Recovering the Lost Router Password ................................................................. 5-15 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Troubleshooting Power System......................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Troubleshooting Configuration System ............................................................................. 6-1
ii
1-1
1 2 3 4 5 6
DC12V
CON
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5) (6)
(7)
(8)
1) Power switch 3) Console port (CON) 5) FE (Fast Ethernet) port (100M ETH) 7) Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous port0 (SERIAL0)
2) Power input socket 4) AUX port 6) Grounding screw 8) Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous port 1 (SERIAL1)
1-2
Note: Router program operates in SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory). Flash memory is used to save Router program files, configuration files and so on. Boot ROM is used to save boot and initialization programs of the Router.
III. LEDs
Viewing with the front panel forward, there are six LEDs on the cover of the router: POWER, 100M ETH, SERIAL0, SERIAL1, AUX, and SYSTEM. The following table explains their meaning:
1-3
Table 1-2 LEDs of Quidwy AR 18-12 Router LED POWER Description OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied. Off means that the link is not connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the Ethernet port. OFF means that the link is not connected. SERIAL0 ON means that the link is connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the synchronous/asynchronous port 0. OFF means that the link is not connected. SERIAL1 ON means that the link is connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the synchronous/asynchronous port 1. OFF means that the link is not connected. AUX ON means that the link is connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the AUX port. SYSTEM Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working.
100M ETH
Console port
Table 1-3 Attributes of the console port Attribute Connector Interface standard Baud rate RJ45 Asynchronous RS232 9600 to 115200bps Defaults to 9600bps Description
1-4
Description
Connects with serial interfaces of the local PCs and runs the terminal emulation program on the PCs Command line interface
AUX port
Table 1-4 Attributes of the AUX port Attribute Connector Interface standard Baud rate Services RJ45 Asynchronous RS232 300 to 115200bps Modem dial-up Backup Description
Ethernet port
Table 1-5 Attributes of the Fast Ethernet port Attribute Connector Operating mode RJ45 10/100Mbps autosensing Full duplex/half duplex Description
Table 1-6 Attributes of multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface Attribute Connector Interface standard and operating mode Minimum baud rate (bps) DB50 V.24 (RS2322) DTE, DCE V.35 DTE , DCE RS449, X.21 and RS530 DTE DCE Description Synchronous Asynchronous
V.24 (RS-232)
1200
1200
1200
1200
300
1-5
Description Synchronous 64 k DDN leased line 4.096 M 4.096 M 2.048 M 115.2 k Asynchronous
Services
1 2 3 4 5 6
OFF
ON DC12V
CON
AUX
100M ETH
SERIAL
BRI
(1)
(2)
(6)
(7) (8)
1) Power switch 3) Console port (CON) 5) FE port (100M ETH) 7) Grounding screw
2) Power input socket 4) AUX port 6) Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous port 0 (SERIAL0) 8) BRI port
1-6
Note: Router program operates in SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory). Flash memory is used to save Router program files, configuration files and so on. Boot ROM is used to save boot and initialization programs of the Router.
1-7
III. LEDs
Viewing with the front panel forward, there are six LEDs on the router cover: POWER, 100M ETH, SERIAL, BRI, AUX, and SYSTEM. The following table explains their meanings: Table 1-8 LEDs of AR 18-13/18-15 Router LED POWER Description OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied. OFF means that the link is not connected. 100M ETH Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the Ethernet port. OFF means that the link is not connected. SERIAL ON means that the link is connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the synchronous/asynchronous port. OFF means that no data is being sent or received over the ISDN BRI port and two B channels are free. Blinking means that data is being sent and received over the ISDN BRI port. OFF means that the link is not connected. AUX ON means that the link is connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the AUX port. SYSTEM Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working.
BRI
1-8
Table 1-9 Attributes of ISDN S/T and U ports Attribute Connector Protocol standards Operating mode RJ45 Complies with ITU-T I.430, Q.921 and Q.931 recommendations ISDN dial-up ISDN leased line ISDN ISDN additional services Services 1) Multi-subscriber number 2) Subaddress Backup Description
1-9
DC12V
CON
CT1/PRI
(1)
(2)
(6)
(7)
1) Power switch 3) Console port (CON) 5) FE port (100M ETH) 7) CT1/PRI port
1) Power switch 3) Console port (CON) 5) 100M ETH port 7) E1-F port
2) Power input socket 4) AUX port 6) Grounding screw 8) Port impedance toggling button
1-10
Note: Router program operates in SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory). Flash memory is used to save Router program files, configuration files and so on. Boot ROM is used to save boot and initialization programs of the Router.
III. LEDs
Viewing with the front panel forward, there are six LEDs on AR18-16/18-18 cover: POWER, 100M ETH, T1-LINK (AR 18-16)/E1-LINK (AR 18-18), T1-ACT (AR 18-
1-11
16)/E1-ACT (AR 18-18), AUX, and SYSTEM, from top to bottom. The following table explains their meaning: Table 1-11 LEDs of AR 18-16 Router LED POWER Description OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied. OFF means that the link is not connected. 100M ETH Blinking means that data is being sent from or received by the Ethernet port. OFF means that link is not set up. ON means that link has been set up. OFF means that no data is being sent or received over the port. Blinking means that data is being sent and received over the port. OFF means that no data is being sent or received over the AUX port. AUX ON means that the link is connected. Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the AUX port. SYSTEM Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working.
T1-LINK/E1-LINK
T1-ACT/E1-ACT
Table 1-12 Attributes of CT1/PRI and E1-F ports Attribute Connector Interface standard Interface rate Operating mode RJ45 G.703. G.704 1.544Mbps CT1 ISDN PRI 2.048Mbps E1 CE1 CT1/PRI description DB15 E1 description
1-12
Attribute
E1 description
Services
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) WAN LED (WAN) (7) Power LED (PWR)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) System LED (SYS)
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) WAN port (WAN)
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw
1-13
III. LEDs
There are seven LEDs on AR18-20 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-14 LEDs of AR 18-20 Router LED LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3/WA N SYS Description OFF means that link is not set up. ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the port. Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working.
1-14
LED PWR
Description OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
Ethernet port
Table 1-15 Attributes of Ethernet port Attribute Connector RJ45 10/100Mbps auto-sensing Operating mode 10Mbps Full duplex/half duplex MDI/MDIX auto-sensing Full duplex/half duplex Only L2 switching available 10BASE-T 10/100BASE-T
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (7) System LED (SYS)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) ADSL link LED (DSL LNK) (8) Power LED (PWR)
1-15
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) ADSL port (ADSL over POTS)
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw
1-16
III. LEDs
There are eight LEDs on AR18-20 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-17 LEDs of AR 18-30 Router LED Description OFF means that link is not set up. LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3 ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. ADSL ACT OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. ADSL LNK OFF means ADSL is inactive. ON means ADSL is active. Blinking means the interface is being trained. SYS Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working. PWR OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
Table 1-18 Attributes of ADSL over POTS port Attribute Connector Rate RJ11 ADSL full-rate mode (i.e. ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT/ANSI T1.413) 12Mbps in downstream and 1024 kbps in upstream ADSL Lite mode ((ITU-T 992.2 G.Lite): In downstream, 64 kbps~1.5Mbps in steps of 32 kbps; in upstream, 64 kbps~512 kbps in steps of 32 kbps description
1-17
Attribute ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT Interface standard ITU-T 992.2 G.Lite ITU-T 994.1 handshaking ANSI T1.413 Issue 2 Services ADSL access over twisted pairs
description
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (7) ISDN B2 active LED (ISDN B2 ACT) (9) ISDN link LED (ISDN LNK) (11) Power LED (PWR)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) ADSL LINK LED (DSL LINK) (8) ISDN B1 active LED (ISDN B1 ACT) (10) System LED (SYS)
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) ISDN BRI port
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw (10) ADSL over POTS port
1-18
III. LEDs
There are eleven LEDs on AR18-31 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-20 LEDs of AR 18-31 Router LED Description OFF means that link is not set up. LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3 ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface.
1-19
Description OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface.
DSL LNK
OFF means ADSL is inactive. ON means ADSL is active. Blinking means the interface is being trained.
OFF means B1 or B2 is inactive. Blinking means B1 or B2 is active. OFF means ISDN is inactive. ON means ISDN is active.
SYS
Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working
PWR
OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (7) System LED (SYS)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) ADSL LINK LED (DSL LINK) (8) Power LED (PWR)
1-20
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) ADSL port (ADSL over ISDN)
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw
1-21
III. LEDs
There are eight LEDs on AR18-31 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-22 LEDs of AR 18-32 Router LED Description OFF means that link is not set up. LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3 ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. DSL ACT OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. DSL LNK OFF means ADSL is inactive. ON means ADSL is active. Blinking means the interface is being trained. SYS Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working PWR OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
Table 1-23 Attributes of ADSL over ISDN port Attribute Connector Rate RJ11 ADSL full-rate mode (i.e. ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT/ANSI T1.413) 8Mbps in downstream and 1024 kbps in upstream ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT Interface standard ITU-T 994.1 handshaking ANSI T1.413 Issue 2 Services ADSL access over ISDN line description
1-22
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) SHDSL active LED (DSL ACT) (7) System LED (SYS)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) SHDSL link LED (DSL LNK) (8) Power LED (PWR)
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) G.SHDSL port
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw
1-23
Item SDRAM Flash memory Maximum power consumption 64MB 8MB 10W
AR 18-33 description
Rated voltage: 100-240V a.c., 50/60Hz Power supply (external) Input Maximum tolerance: 90-264V a.c., 50/60Hz Current: 0.5A~1A Output Dimensions (W X H X D) Weight Operating temperature Operating humidity Voltage: 12V d.c. Current: 4A 300mm X 180mm X 45mm (Maximum dimensions, which are the highest arc points of the plastic panel.) 1kg 0 to 400C 10 to 90% (noncondensing)
III. LEDs
There are eight LEDs on AR18-33 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-25 LEDs of AR 18-33 Router LED Description OFF means that link is not set up. LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3 ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. DSL ACT OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. DSL LNK OFF means G.SHDSL is inactive. ON means G.SHDSL is active. Blinking means the interface is being trained. SYS Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working PWR OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
1-24
G.SHDSL port
Table 1-26 Attributes of G.SHDSL port Attribute Connector Rate RJ11 In single-pair mode, it transceives packets at symmetric rate 192 kbps~2320 kbps, in steps of 8 kbps. Interface standard Services ITU-T G991.2 ITU-T G994.1 handshaking G.SHDSL access over twisted pairs description
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) SHDSL active LED (DSL ACT) (7) ISDN B2 active LED (ISDN B2 ACT) (9) ISDN link LED (ISDN LNK) (12) Power LED (PWR)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) SHDSL link LED (DSL LNK) (8) ISDN B1 active LED (ISDN B1 ACT) (10) System LED (SYS)
1-25
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) ISDN BRI port
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw (10) G.SHDSL port
1-26
III. LEDs
There are eleven LEDs on AR18-34 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-28 LEDs of AR 18-34 Router LED Description OFF means that link is not set up. LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3 ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. DSL ACT OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface. DSL LNK OFF means ADSL is inactive. ON means ADSL is active. Blinking means the interface is being trained. ISDN B1 ACT/ ISDN B2 ACT ISDN LNK OFF means B1 or B2 is inactive. Blinking means B1 or B2 is active. OFF means ISDN is inactive. ON means ISDN is active. SYS Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working PWR OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
1-27
(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (7) ISDN B2 active LED (ISDN B2 ACT) (9) ISDN link LED (ISDN LNK) (11) Power LED (PWR)
(2) ETH LED (LAN2) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (6) ADSL LINK LED (DSL LINK) (8) ISDN B1 active LED (ISDN B1 ACT) (10) System LED (SYS)
(1) Power switch (3) Console port (CON) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (9) ISDN BRI port
(2) Power input socket (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (8) Grounding screw (10) ADSL over ISDN port
1-28
III. LEDs
There are eleven LEDs on AR18-35 cover. The following table explains their meaning. Table 1-30 LEDs of AR 18-35 Router LED Description OFF means that link is not set up. LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3 ON means that link has been set up. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface.
1-29
Description OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface. Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface.
DSL LNK
OFF means ADSL is inactive. ON means ADSL is active. Blinking means the interface is being trained.
OFF means B1 or B2 is inactive. Blinking means B1 or B2 is active. OFF means ISDN is inactive. ON means ISDN is active.
SYS
Blinking means that the system is properly working. Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working
PWR
OFF means that power is not being supplied. ON means that power is being supplied.
1-30
2-1
Table 2-2 Specifications on dust content in equipment room Maxim diameter (m) 0.5 1 3 5 1.4 x 107 7 x 105 2.4 x 105 1.3 x 105 Max. intensity (particles/m3)
The routers also have rigorous demand on the content of salts, acids and sulfides in the air. These harmful gases will speed up the metal rusting and the aging processes of certain parts. The equipment room should be protected from the invasion of harmful gases such as SO2, H2S, NO2, NH3, and Cl2, the value limits of which are shown in Table 2-3: Table 2-3 Value limits for harmful gas content in equipment room Gas SO2 H2S NO2 NH3 Cl2 0.2 0 0.04 0.05 0.01 Average (mg/m3) 1.5 0.03 0.15 0.15 0.3 Max. (mg/m3)
External electric fields such as outdoor high voltage power line or thunder. Internal environment like flooring materials or the whole equipment structure.
Thus, the following should be considered to safeguard the equipment against the ESD:
z z z
Make sure that the equipment and the floor are well grounded. Make sure that dust-proof measures are taken. Maintain an appropriate humidity and temperature.
2-2
Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap and uniform when contacting the circuit board. Place the uninstalled circuit board on the antistatic workbench, with its face upward, or put it into the static shielding bag. When observing or removing the uninstalled circuit board, please touch the edge of the circuit board, and avoid contacting the devices on it.
Take effective measures to prevent the power system from being interfered with by the power grid system. Keep the router far away from the radio launcher, radar launcher, and highfrequency devices working in high currents. Use electromagnetic shielding when necessary.
Ensure the PGND wire of the chassis is well grounded. Ensure the ground point of the socket of AC power supply is well grounded. To enhance the lightning protection capability of the power supply, a lightning arrester could be installed at the input end of the power supply. As for the signal line outdoors to which the interface modules of AR 18 series routers are connected, such as ISDN line, telephone line, T1 line, etc, a special lightning arrester should be installed at the input end of the signal line to enhance the lightning protection capability.
There is spacing reserved at the air inlet and outlet in the router so as to facilitate the radiation of the router cabinet. The workbench have good radiation systems. The workbench are firm enough to support the weight of the router and other installation accessories. The workbench are well grounded.
z z
2-3
2.2 Precautions
Routers play a key role in data communications network. Please pay attention to the following:
Warning: It indicates that this operation is incorrect and may seriously damage the router or endanger the operator. Please follow the correct operation procedures for sake of safety.
Caution: It indicates that during the installation and usage of the router, the operation needs attention. This operation is incorrect and perhaps will affect the normal operation of the router.
Please follow the following safety recommendations during the installation and use of the router:
z z z
Keep the router away from any wet place or the heat source. Make sure that the router is normally grounded. Please wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap before installation, and make sure one end of it well contacts your skin, and the other end is well grounded. Do not hot swap any cable. Correctly connect the interface cable for the router. Do not connect the telephone cable (including the ISDN cable) to the AUX port or the console port. Always use Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS).
z z
II. Cables
z z z z
Ground wire , power supply and power cord Console cable T1 cable (only used for Qudway AR 18-16 Router) ISDN S/T cable (for Quidway AR 18-13//18-31/18-32/18-34/18-35 Router)
2-4
ISDN U cable (only used for Quidway AR 18-15 Router) 75-ohm E1 cable and 120-ohm E1 cable (only for AR 18-18 Router) Telephone cable(for AR 18-30 series) Synchronous/Asynchronous serial cable (optional) Ethernet cable(optional) AUX cable(optional)
HUB or LANSwitch CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) or other DCE devices Console terminal (it could just be a PC) Multimeter Spliter
Caution: The installation tools , equipment and meter are not delivered with Quidway Quidway AR 18 Series Routers.
2-5
Normal ? yes Turn off power switch Connect the router to LAN Connect the router to WAN Verify Turn on power switch
Troubleshooting
End
3-1
Start Install the ruter to the specified position Connect PGND Connect console terminal Connect the router to WAN Connect the router to LAN Connect phone and PBX Connect pow er cord Normal? y es End no Troubleshooting
Note: AR 18-2x/18-3x routers have no power switch, so their installation procedures are different from those for AR18-1x routers.
Placing the router on the workbench. Mounting the router on a vertical surface.
Make sure that the workbench is flat and stable. Leave 10cm space around the router for adequate ventilation.
3-2
Caution:
z
Securely anchor these two mounting screws in the vertical surface. If the screws are not properly anchored, the strain of the network cable connections could pull the router from the wall. Install the router in such a position that the LEDs are easily visible. Securely fix the external power supply of the router in case that the power cord falls down from the router.
z z
Follow these steps to mount the router on a wall or other vertical surface: Step 1: Install the two (for AR 18-1x) or four (for AR 18-2x/18-3x) pan-head screws 120.0mm (the distance between the two brackets) apart on a wall or other flat vertical surface, and ensure that each screw sticks out 0.6 cm on the wall.
Mounting-bracket
Mounting-bracket
120.0mm
3-3
Figure 3-4 Bottom of AR 18-2x/18-30 Hang the router on the screws by the two brackets (AR 18-1x as example).
pan-head screw
Caution: Properly connect the ground wire before connecting other cables. It is recommended to shorten the ground wire as much as possible to prevent the router and the peer device from getting damaged during periods of lightning activity.
The AC input end of the router is connected to an AC noise filter whose neutral point is connected to the chassis directly, that is PGND (protection ground, the so-called chassis ground). PGND must be connected to the earth ground properly, so as to safely channel the faradic current and leakage power to the ground and improve the
3-4
capability of anti-electromagnetic interference of the router. The lightning voltage led in by the exterior network, such as an ISDN, is also channeled to ground by the ground wire. The grounding screw of PGND is located on the rear panel. Connect this screw to the earth ground using a ground wire. The grounding resistance should not be greater than 5 ohm.
3-5
Step 1: Put the power switch of the router in OFF position. Step 2: Connect the output of the power supply to the power input on the rear panel of the router, and insert the input connector of the power supply into an AC power outlet. Step 3: Put the power switch of the router in ON position. Step 4: Check that the PWR LED on the top of the router is on. ON means the power cord is correctly connected. 2) For AR 18-2x/18-2x routers
Step 1: Connect the output of the power supply to the power input on the rear panel of the router, and insert the input connector of the power supply into an AC power outlet. Step 2: Check that the PWR LED on the top of the router is on. ON means the power cord is correctly connected.
Caution: If the POWER LED is still off after the above procedure is repeated for several times, refer to Chapter 6 Troubleshooting in this manual.
3-6
3-7
Figure 3-8 Ethernet cable assembly The Ethernet cables are classified into straight-through cable and crossover cable.
z
Straight-through cable: The sequences of the wires crimped at the RJ45 connectors of the two ends are the same. The cable is used in the connection between a terminal device (e.g., PC) or router and a Hub or LAN Switch. Straight-through cables are delivered along with the router.
Crossover network cable: The sequences of the wires crimped at the RJ45 connectors of the two ends are different. The cable is used in the connection between a terminal device (e.g., PC) or router and another terminal device (such as a PC) or router. The user can self-make the cable if necessary.
Caution: When preparing network cable, use shielded cables to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility.
Caution:
z z
Please identify the mark on the port before making the connection. For AR 18-1x routers, you can only connect the LAN Switch to the 10/100Base-T port labeled as MDIX, but there is no such restriction to AR 18-2x/18-3x routers, which support MDI/MDIX autosensing.
Use crossover cable to connect the router to a PC or another router, with one end to the Ethernet port of the router and the other end to the PC or another router. But use
3-8
straight-through cable to connect the router to a HUB or LAN Switch, with one end to the Ethernet port of the router and the other end to the HUB or LAN Switch.
z
3-9
The signaling standards supporting the synchronous and asynchronous modes are different. V.35 and V.24 (RS232), X.21, RS449 and EIA-530 standards support synchronous operating mode, while only V.24 (RS232) standard supports the asynchronous operating mode. In addition, the maximum transmission distance and baud rate of signal vary with the operating mode. See the following table for reference. Table 3-1 Transmission rate and distance of V.24 (RS232)/V.35/X.21/RS449/EIA-530 cable V.24(RS232) Baud rate (bps) 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 64000 115200 60 60 30 30 20 20 10 Maximum transmission distance (m) V.35, X.21, RS449, EIA-530 Baud rate (bps) 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 56000 64000 Maximum transmission distance (m) 1250 625 312 156 78 60 50
3-10
V.35, X.21, RS449, EIA-530 Baud rate (bps) 2048000 30 Maximum transmission distance (m)
Caution: The baud rate should not exceed 64 kbps when the V.24 cable operates in synchronous mode.
2)
DTE/DCE
Synchronous serial interface can operate in both DTE mode and DCE mode. For two devices connected directly, one should operate as DTE, and the other as DCE. The DCE provides a synchronous clock and specifies the transmission rate, the DTE accepts the synchronous clock and communicates at the specified transmission rate. Usually, the router serves as a DTE device. To determine whether the device connected to the router is DTE or DCE, see the manual that came with that device. Generally, the asynchronous serial interface is used as a dial-up port when connected to an external Modem or Terminal Adapter (TA). In this case, it is unnecessary to determine whether the device is DTE or DCE, and you just need to choose an appropriate baud rate. For the operating mode of the synchronous/asynchronous serial interface, refer to VRP Operation Manual Volume I.
V.24 (RS232) DTE cable: DB25 (male) connector V.24 (RS232) DCE cable: DB25 (female) connector V.35 DTE cable: 34PIN (male) connector V.35 DCE cable: 34PIN (female) connector X.21 DTE cable: DB15 (male) connector X.21 DCE cable: DB15 (female) connector RS449 DTE cable: DB37 (male) connector RS449 DCE cable: DB37 (female) connector
3-11
3-12
3-13
Caution: These nine types of cables will not be provided along with the purchased the router. You should order these cables separately.
Caution: Online insertion and removal (OIR) of synchronous/asynchronous serial cable would damage the router or the remote device.
3-14
Step 1: Confirm that the synchronous/asynchronous serial cable which came with your router is the proper one. Step 2: Insert the DB50 connector of the cable into the SERIAL interface of the router. Step 3: Connect the other end to the CSU/DSU device. (If the WAN adopts dial-up line, connect the cable to the serial interface of the analog Modem. For the connection procedure, refer toSection 3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port.
II. T1 cable
CT1/PRI cable is a 100 ohm shielded straight-through cable and both ends of which are RJ45 connectors, as shown in the following figure:
Caution: Identify the mark on the port when making connection. Misplug may cause router damages.
3-15
Step 1: Insert one end of the T1 cable into the CT1/PRI port of the router. Step 2: Connect the other end with the corresponding device. Step 3: Power on the router and check that T1-LINK LED on the top of the router chassis is ON. If it is OFF, check the connection cable.
II. E1 cable
E1 cables are G.703-compliant cables, which are also known as E1 cables. E1 cables fall into 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cables and 120-ohm balanced twisted-pairs.
z
At one end of the cable is a DB15 (male) connector (plug) to the router and at the other end is a BNC connector to the network, as shown in the following figure.
At one end of the cable is a DB15 plug to the router and at the other end is an RJ-45 connector to the network, as shown in the following figure.
3-16
Note: E1 cable is optional, so you must order the desired type of E1 cable when purchasing your router, otherwise, it will not be provided. In addition, you may select a network connector with an RJ-45 receptacle at each end for connecting two 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cables for extending an E1 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable, or a pair of coaxial connectors with a BNC receptacle at each end for connecting two 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cables with BNC connectors for extending an E1 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable. 75-to-120-ohm adapter is also available.
Step 2: Plug the DB15 connector of E1 cable into the E1 port on the module. Step 3: Connect the other end of E1 cable to the network device. When using a 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable, please do the following:
z
If there is no need to extend the E1 cable, directly connect the BNC connector of the 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable to the remote device. If it is necessary to extend the E1 cable, connect the BNC connector of the 75ohm unbalanced coaxial cable to a coaxial connector, then connect the other end of the coaxial connector to the remote device via a 75-ohm E1 trunk cable.
Caution: The TX wire of the E1 coaxial cable must be connected to the RX wire of the remote device, and the RX wire of the E1 coaxial cable to the TX wire of the remote device.
3-17
Coaxial connector 75-ohm E1 trunk cable 75- ohm unbalanced coaxial cable
Figure 3-22 Extending an E1 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable If the remote network device has a 120-ohm port, you should use 75-to-120-ohm adapter or use a 120-ohm cable instead. When using a 120-ohm balanced twisted pair cable, please do the following:
z
If there is no need to extend the E1 cable, directly connect the RJ-45 connector of the 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable to the RJ-45 port on the remote device.
If it is necessary to extend the E1 cable, connect the RJ-45 connector of the 120ohm balanced twisted-pair cable to the network interface connector, and the other end of the network interface connector to the network device via a 120ohm E1 trunk cable.
DB-15
RJ-45
RJ-45
Router
Figure 3-23 Extending an E1 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable Step 4: Power on the Router, and check the E1-LINK LED on the top of the router chassis. An ON LED means that the link has connected and is ready for working. Otherwise, check the cable connection.
3-18
ISDN S/T cable for Quidway AR 18-13/18-31/18-32/18-34 Router is 4-core twisted pair. Both ends of the cable are RJ45 connectors, of which, 3-pin and 6pin are sending end, and 4-pin and 5-pin are receiving end.
green yellow
yellow green
red black
black red
ISDN U cable for Quidway AR 18-15 Router is 2-core twisted pair, one side of which is RJ11 connectors, another is an output terminal (OT) connector.
green yellow
yellow green
red black
black red
Use NT1 adapter if the line is ISDN U. Insert one end of the S/T cable into the S/T port of NT1, and the other end into the ISDN BRI port of the router.
3-19
Directly insert the cable into the ISDN BRI port of the router if the line is ISDN S/T.
If the line is ISDN S/T, replace your router with a Quidway AR 18-13 Router. If the line is ISDN U interface cable, connect the RJ45 end of it to the ISDN BRI interface of the router, and connect the output terminal (OT) to the ISDN line via a telephone adapter.
Caution: Identify the ISDN BRI mark on the port when making connection. Misplug may cause router damages.
3-20
Step 2: Connect the telephone to the phone port on the splitter with another telephone cable. Step 3: Connect the outbound ADSL port on the splitter to the PSTN with a third telephone cable.
Figure 3-26 Connect ADSL over POTS port For ADSL over ISDN port: When connecting ADSL over ISDN interface cables, you also need to install a splitter. Follow these steps to connect the cables: Step 1: Insert one end of a telephone cable into the ADSL port on the Router, and the other end into the inbound ADSL port on the splitter; Step 2: Connect the ISDN NT1 to the splitter using another telephone cable; Step 3: Connect the outbound ADSL port on the splitter to the ISTN network using a third telephone cable.
3-21
Check that enough room has been left around the router for adequate ventilation and make sure that the workbench is stable. Confirm that proper power supply is used. Check that the ground wire of the router is correctly connected. Check that the router is correctly connected to the console terminal or any other devices.
z z z
Caution: Installation verification is extremely important, because correct operation of the router highly depends on its stability, well grounding, proper power supply and correct implementation of the overall installation procedure.
3-22
CON
PC
4-1
Figure 4-2 New connection Step 2: Set the terminal parameters Parameters of the HyperTerminal of Windows98 are set as follows: 1) Select a connection port
Select the serial interface to be connected in the Connect Using box, as shown in Figure 4-3. The selected serial interface should be the same port as that the console cable connects.
4-2
2)
Set the serial interface parameters. As shown in Figure 4-4, in the properties dialog box of the serial interface, set the baud rate to 9600, data bit to 8, parity to none, stop bits to 1 and flow control to none, and click the <OK> button to return to the HyperTerminal interface.
Figure 4-4 Setting serial interface parameters 3) Set HyperTerminal properties. Select [Properties/Settings] in the HyperTerminal for entering the properties setting interface shown in Figure 4-5. Select [VT1100] or [Auto detect] for emulation, and press <OK> to return to the HyperTerminal interface.
4-3
Power cord and ground wire are correctly connected. Proper power supply voltage is used. Console cable is correctly connected, and configuration PC or console terminal has been started and the parameters involved have been set for it.
Warning: Locate the emergency power-off switch in the room where you are working before powering on the router. Then, if an electrical accident occurs, you can quickly shut the power OFF.
4-4
Refer to Section 1.2 Hardware Features for the descriptions of LEDs states when the router is running. 2) The console terminal display is correct.
In the console terminal, you can see the startup interface on the console terminal after the router is powered on (please see Section 4.1.3 Startup Process in this manual). After the Power-On Self-Test (POST), you are prompted to press <Enter>. When [Router] is displayed, you can proceed to configure the router.
Note: The contents displayed on the terminal could vary with different versions of Boot ROM.
Router starts booting ... (V0.00) ****************************************** * * * Quidway Series Router Bootrom, V5.26 * * *
******************************************
Copyright(C) 2002-2003 by HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD. Compiled at 16:14:22, Aug 8 2003..
Now testing memory...OK 64M 8192K bytes bytes SDRAM flash memory
4-5
Press <Ctrl+B> at this time and the system will enter the Boot menu. Otherwise, the system will enter the program decompression process.
Note:
z
After Quidway Series Router Bootrom, V5.21 appears, Router starts booting ... (V0.00) will disappear immediately. To enter the Boot menu, you must press <Ctrl+B> quickly after the statement Press Ctrl-B to Enter Boot Menu appears. If boot from Flash, before "Quidway Series Router Bootrom, V1.00" appears "System start booting from FLASH."
It means the system enters the system view and is ready for your configuration.
********************************************
Copyright(C) 1997-2003 by HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD. Compiled at 17:11:06 , Aug 19 2003.
4-6
It means the system enters the user view and is ready for your configuration.
Performing local configuration through CON port. Performing local or remote configuration through the telnet command, which can be used to directly log on and manage other routers. Implementing configuration on the router through the dumb terminal (here, the terminal refers to the asynchronous port, including the terminal connected to AUX port).
Configuring
the
hierarchical
user
protection
(includes
guest,
operator,
administrator). Only administrator users are authorized to configure and manage the routers, so that unauthorized users would not be able to intrude the router illegally.
z z
Users can enter <?> at any time to get online help. Providing network diagnostic tools, such as Tracert and Ping, to quickly diagnose the accessibility of the network. Providing all kinds of detailed debugging information to diagnose network faults. The command line interpreter adopts fuzzy search for the keywords of the command. Thus, you only need to enter the conflict-free keyword for the interpretation of a command. For example, for the interpretation of a display command, you can just input dis.
z z
4-8
The router software maintenance mainly refers to the maintenance of those three types of files, including upgrade and download of Boot ROM and application files, as well as upload and download of configuration file. For the methods of maintaining the software, see VRP1.7 Operation Manual Volume or VRP3 Operation Manual for reference.
Caution:
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Press <Ctrl+B> quickly as the prompt Press Ctrl-B to Enter Boot Menu... appears and enter the Boot menu. Otherwise, the program decompression process will begin. To enter the Boot menu after the router starts the program decompression process, reboot the router.
Enter the correct password, then press <Enter> (if no Boot ROM password has been set, just press <Enter>), and the system will enter the Boot menu. The following information will be displayed:
5-1
Options of Boot menu are described as follows: 1) 2) Download application program with Xmodem. Refer to 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol for details. Download application program with Ethernet. Only TFTP mode is available in A8 18-1x routers. Refer to 5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet for details. 3) 4) 5) Clear the configuration file. Ignore configuration file and start up with initial configuration. Enter Boot ROM operation menu.
This menu provides options to upgrade, back up or restore Boot ROM program. See 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol and 5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program for details. 6) Do not check version of Boot ROM extension. It is used for backward compatibility in upgrading. If correct software version is selected, but upgrade fails and the system prompts the information invalid version, then you can choose this option to cancel version check. This option functions for only one time and version check is restored after the router is rebooted. 7) Exit Boot menu and reboot the router.
5-2
In this menu, only options 2, 4 and 6 are different, so only they are detailed here. For the rest options, refer to Boot menu on AR 18-1x (Boot ROM V5.26). 1) Download application program with Ethernet.
This option leads you into NET port download menu, which includes these options:
Net Port Download Menu: 1: 2: 3: Change Net Parameter Download From Net Exit to Main Menu
They are described as follows: 1: Change NET parameter The following information is prompted for this option:
Change Boot Parameter: '.' = clear field; boot device processor number host name file name '-' = go to previous field; : fei0 : 0 : 8040 : M8240ram.arj ^D = quit
inet on ethernet (e) : 169.254.10.10 inet on backplane (b): host inet (h) gateway inet (g) user (u) : 169.254.10.11 :
: 8040
5-3
Note: The information after colon is just for prompt, so you can enter the parameters you select directly behind it.
Both TFTP and FTP are available for AR 18-2x/18-3x. See 5.1.4 Application Program with Ethernet for details. 2: Download from NET. Select this option to begin downloading after parameters are set properly. 3: Exit to Main Menu. 2) Clear application password
Upgrading
This option clears super user password. This option functions for only one time and password authentication for super users is restored after the router is rebooted. 3) Enter debugging environment in case of faults.
Boot menu provides two methods for upgrading the program and the Boot ROM sub-menu operations, which are introduced in the following subsections.
Caution: It is recommended to upgrade the software under the guidance of the technical support personnel. In addition, when upgrading the router, note to match the version of the Boot ROM software with that of the main software.
5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol
When upgrading the software through the XModem protocol, you can simply use the console port rather than building up another configuration environment.
5-4
Step 2: Select an appropriate download speed. For example, enter <5> to select the download speed 115200 bps and the router will prompt:
Download speed is 115200 bps. Change the terminal's speed to 115200 bps, and select XModem protocol. Press ENTER key when ready.
Step 3: According to the above information, change the baud rate set at the console terminal (refer to Figure 4-6) for keeping it in consistency with the selected software download baud rate. After that, disconnect the terminal (that is [Dial-in/Disconnect]), reconnect it (that is [Dial-in/Dialing]) and then press <Enter> to begin downloading. The system will prompt:
Downloading ... CCCCC
Note: After the baud rate at the console terminal is set, the new setting can become valid only if the terminal emulation program is disconnected and reconnected for at least once.
Step 4: Select [Transmit/send file] in the terminal window and the following dialog box will pop up:
5-5
Step 5: Click <Browse>, select the application file to be downloaded, and set the protocol to Xmodem. Then click <Send>, and the system will pop up the following interface:
Figure 5-2 Sending file interface Step 6: After completing download, the system begins writing to Flash (Flash memory), then the following information will be displayed in the terminal interface, indicating that the download has been completed:
Download completed. Writing to flash memory... Please wait,it needs a long time .Please wait... ######################################################## Writing FLASH Success.
Then restore the baudrate of the configuration terminal to 9600bps as per the prompt (disconnection and re-dialing are also required here), and then the system start up normally.
Caution: If the all Boot ROM program fails during upgrade, it cannot be restored on site. Therefore, only when necessary can you upgrade the whole Boot ROM, besides, you must upgrade under the guide of technical support personnel.
5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program
I. Backup the extended segment of Boot ROM Program in FLASH
Step 1: Enter Boot menu (see 5.1.1 Boot Menu), select <5> (for AR 18-1x) or <7> (for AR 18-2x/18-3x) to turn to Boot ROM operation menu. Step 2: Select <4> in the operation sub-menu to copy the current extended segment of Boot ROM program into the FLASH, and then the following information will be displayed in the terminal interface if the restoring operation is successful.
Writing to FLASH.Please wait...#### Backuping Boot ROM program to FLASH successed!
Step 3: When the sub-menu appears again, select <5> to exit the Boot menu and proceed to execute the routers main software.
II. Restore the extended segment of Boot ROM program from FLASH
In case that faults occur to the extended segment of the Boot ROM program that is in use or you upgrade the extended segment wrongly, you can restore the extended segment saved in FLASH into the Boot ROM by doing the following: Step 1: Enter Boot menu (see 5.1.1 Boot Menu), select <5> (for AR 18-1x) or <7> (for AR 18-2x/18-3x) to turn to Boot ROM operation menu.
5-7
Step 2: Select <3> in the operation sub-menu to restore Boot ROM from FLASH, and then the following information will be displayed if the restoring operation is successful.
Writing to Boot ROM.Please wait...###### Restoring Boot ROM program successed!
Step 3: When the sub-menu appears again, select <5> to exit the Boot menu and proceed to execute the routers main software.
Caution: TFTP Server or FTP Server program is not included in Quidway AR 18 routers, so you have to buy and install it.
I. For AR 18-1x
AR 18-1x routers only support TFTP client, so their application program can only be upgraded through TFTP. The following are the details: 1) Start TFTP Server
Start TFTP server at the PC connecting the Ethernet port of the router and configure path for the files to be loaded. 2) Configure the router
Step 1: Enter TFTP configuration state. Start up the router and press <N> when the system prompts Router starts booting ... (V0.00), and this information is prompted on the terminal:
(M)odify any of router configuration or (C)ontinue? [M]
Enter <M>, the default value, to modify router configuration or enter <C> to turn to normal startup without modification. Press <Enter> and the following information is prompted:
For each of the following questions, you can press <Return> to select the value shown in braces, or you can Enter a new value.
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This board's LAN IP address? [169.254.10.10]10.110.10.10 Subnet mask for LAN (0 for none)? [255.255.0.0] TFTP SERVER PARAMETERS:
Here the parameters include IP address of the Ethernet port on the PC, file name for the application program, CPU delay value.
IP address of the TFTP server? [169.254.75.166]10.110.10.13 What is the name of the file to be loaded and started? [m860ram.arj] How long (in seconds) should CPU delay before starting up? [5]
Caution:
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You must enter the IP address of the PC connected to the FE port of the router for IP address of the TFTP server ? [10.110.10.13]. You must enter the IP address and subnet mask of LAN0 respectively for This board's LAN IP address(0.0.0.0 = RARP)? [10.110.10.10] and Subnet mask for LAN (0 for none)? [255.255.0.0]. The IP addresses of the PC and LAN0 must be in the same segment.
Step 3: Acknowledge parameters configured You are required to acknowledge the parameters configured when the last one is input.
---------------------------------------------------------------NETWORK INTERFACE PARAMETERS: IP address on LAN is 10.110.10.10 LAN interface's subnet mask is 0xffff0000 HARDWARE PARAMETERS: Processor type is MPC860T Internal Clock Rate 50 Mhz External Clock Rate 50 Mhz Serial channels will use a baud rate of 9600 TFTP SERVER PARAMETERS: IP address of the TFTP host is 10.110.10.13 The file to download and start is m860ram.arj After board is reset, start-up code will wait 5 seconds
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Enter <C> to acknowledge the current configuration. 3) Download application program through TFTP
Step 1: Start the system in normal way and enter Boot menu. Step 2: Enter <2> to select Download application program with NET, and this information is prompted:
Download application program, are you sure?[Y/N]Y
Please wait,it needs a long time .Please wait... ######################################################## Writing FLASH Success.
Start TFTP server or FTP server at the PC connecting the Ethernet port of the router and configure path for the files to be loaded. For FTP Server, you should also set username and password. 2) Enter NET download menu
Select <2> in BOOT menu to turn to NET download menu. 3) Configure parameters
file name: File name to be loaded inet on ethernet (e): IP address for the Ethernet port for loading
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host inet (h): IP address for TFTP Server flags (f): The flag must be 0x80 for TFTP mode
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file name: File name to be loaded inet on ethernet (e) : IP address for the Ethernet port for loading host inet (h) : IP address for FTP Server user (u): User name, which must be consistent with that for FTP Server ftp password (pw) (blank = use rsh): Password, which must be consistent with that for FTP Server flags (f): The flag must be 0x0 for FTP mode These parameters will be saved automatically when your configuration is completed. 4) Router restarts after successful upgrading
Press <Enter> to return to NET download menu and select <2>, and then this information is prompted:
boot device unit number processor number host name file name : fei : 0 : 0 : 8040 : Q8040.BIN
inet on ethernet (e) : 10.110.27.235 host inet (h) user (u) ftp password (pw) flags (f) : 10.110.27.231 : 8040 : 8040 : 0x80
Attached TCP/IP interface to fei0. Subnet Mask: 0xfffff800 Attaching network interface lo0... done.
Loading... NET download completed... read len = [04378489] Please wait,it needs a long time ######################################################################### ############################################################### ########################### Writing Vrpsoftware File Succeeds!
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5.1.5 Uploading/Downloading Application, Boot ROM program and Configuration File Using FTP
Quidway Series Routers provide FTP Server function, which gives another approach for updating application file, Boot ROM program or configuration file. Any FTP Client (including local and remote users) connected to a router can perform the operation. Configuration file, Boot ROM program or application files can be uploaded/downloaded if the user passes authentication. Follow these steps to upload/download the application/Boot ROM program/configuration file through FTP:
Note:
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Upload: Transmit files from the PC running as FTP client to the router connected to the PC via the Ethernet interface, that is, perform the put operation. Download: Transmit files from the router to the PC running as FTP client, which is connected to the Ethernet interface of the router, that is to implement the get operation.
10.110.10.13
LAN
10.110.10.10
CON AUX 100M ETH
Figure 5-3 Building up FTP local upload/download environment Step 1: Connect the Ethernet interface on the router to the PC. Step 2: Assign an IP address for the Ethernet interface on the router. It is assumed to be 10.110.10.10. Step 3: Assign an IP address for the Ethernet interface on the PC. It is assumed to be 10.110.10.13. Step 4: Copy the application files, Boot ROM program or configuration files to a directory, which is assumed to be C:\ version.
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Caution: The IP addresses of the network interface on the PC and the routers Ethernet interface must be on the same segment.
Figure 5-4 Building up FTP remote upload/download environment Step 1: Connect the PC to any port of the router through a WAN. This approach does not require the IP addresses of the PC and the router to be on the same segment and is used for upgrading the router remotely. Step 2: Copy the application files, Boot ROM program or configuration files to a directory, which is assumed to be C:\version.
Note: You can select an AAA configuration scheme depending on the actual situation. For the related commands, refer to the AAA and RADIUS configuration introduced in VRP1.7 Operation Manual or VRP3 Operation Manual.
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Router represents the user name and 123 the password. Step 3: Add server type
[Router] local-user Router service-type ftp
With these operations, the FTP server has been started on the router and the username has been set. In this case, all the FTP client programs can use the username and password to log onto the FTP server. Note: VRP1.7 does not support the local-user level command , therefore, please omit Step 4 in VRP1.7 environment.
III. Uploading/Downloading application, configuration file and Uploading Boot ROM program
Step 1: Enter the directory containing the application file, Boot ROM program or configuration files in the DOS state. Execute the ftp command to set up an FTP connection with the router. For example:
C:\version\ftp 10.110.10.10
If the connection is set up, the following information will be displayed (taking Windows98 as an example):
Connected to 10.110.10.10 220 FTP server ready on Router at User(10.110.10.10:(none)):
Step 2: Log in the FTP server with the username and password set on the router.
User(10.110.10.10:(none)): Router 331 Password required for ftp Password: 230 User ftp logged in ftp>
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The appearance of the prompt ftp> means that you can begin the upload/download operation. Step 3: Upload/Download the application files, Boot ROM program or configuration files. Note: By default, the application file and configuration file on the router are respectively named system and config, the file of the extended Boot ROM program segment is named bootrom, and the entire Boot ROM file name defaults to bootromall.
Upload the application program file or Boot ROM program or configuration file.
(Input the name of appplication/Boot ROM
program/Configuration file to be uploaded.) remote file (Input file the to be name saved of at appplication/Boot the router side ROM after
program/Configuration uploading.)
After the uploading is completed, the prompt ftp> will be displayed again. Enter <dir> to display the name and size of the file on the router. The size of the configuration file will be the same as that of the original file on the host if the uploading is successful.
Caution: After you have uploaded Boot ROM program using the put command, you should immediately use the upgrade bootrom [ full ] command to decompress the bootrom/bootromfull program from the root directory Flash, then write it into Boot ROM. At this point, the upgrade of Boot ROM is completed.
program/Configuration file to be saved.) remote file (Input the name of ppplication/Boot ROM
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Step 2: When the Boot menu appears again, select <7> to exit the Boot menu The following information will be displayed:
Exit and reboot, are you sure?[Y/N]y
Step 3: Configure a new user password in the system view with the local-user command.
[Router] local-user huawei password simple 123 service-type exec-
administrator
huawei represents the user name, 123 represents the new user password, exec-administrator represents that new user is administrator.
[Router] quit [Router] save
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Note:
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You should execute the command save to save the modification on the global user configuration password. This method will clear all system configurations, so you must back up the configurations you still want.
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Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
6.1 Troubleshooting Power System
1) Symptoms POWER LED cannot light. 2) Solution
The power switch of the router has been turned on. The switch of the power supply has been turned on. The power cord of the router is properly connected. The power supply can work with the router.
Caution: Do not plug/unplug the power cord when the power is ON. After having checked the items above, contact the agent if the POWER LED is still OFF.
The console terminal does not display any information after POST of the router. 2) Solution
The power system is correctly working. The console cable is connected correctly.
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Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
Step 2: If the problem is not located yet, proceed to check the console cable and the terminal (such as the HyperTerminal) parameter settings.
The console terminal displays illegible characters after the POST of the router. 2) Solution
Verify whether the terminal (e.g., the HyperTerminal) parameter are set as follows: Baud rate: 9600, Data bits: 8, Stop bit: 1, Parity: None, Flow control: None, and Terminal emulation: VT100 or Auto detect. If the parameters do not match the above values, make reconfiguration.
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