n ! = (1)(2)...

(n 2)( n 1) n

P ( A B) =

P ( A B)
P (B)

Pr =

n!
( n r )!

n
n!
Cr = =
r r !( n r ) !

( A B) = ( ) ( )
( A B) = ( ) ( )

p x (1 p )1 x x = 0,1
f ( x ) =
; E(X ) = p;

Var ( X ) = p (1 p )

n
n x
f ( x ) = p x (1 p ) ; E ( X ) = np ; Var ( X ) = np (1 p )
x

1 x = 1, 2,..., k
k 2 1
k +1
f ( x ) = k
; E(X ) =
; Var ( X ) =
12
2

0
1

f ( x ) = b - a
0

X ~ N ( ,

X ~ N ( ,

a < x < b

; E(X ) =

a+b
2

) f ( x) =

) =

( x )2

; Var ( X ) =

E ( n2 ) = n , Var ( n2 ) = 2n

U ~ 21 W ~ 22

12

1 z2
~ ( 0,1) ; f ( z ) =
e
2

Z i ~ N (0,1) i = 1,2,..., n Z12 + Z 22 + ... + Z n2 ~ n2

E ( t ) = 0 2 , Var ( t ) =

< x < ; E ( X ) = ; Var ( X ) = 2

2 2

~ ( 0,1) Z 2 ~ 12

~ ( 0,1) U ~ 2

(b a )

Z
U

~ t

U v1
~ Fv1 ,v2
W v2

X i ~ N ( , 2 ) i = 1,2,..., n

U=

(n 1) S 2

~ n21

< x <