6

General Conclusions

Both drinking water and process water of high quality can be disinfected by available ultraviolet (UV) technologies. The same holds for treated wastewaters. Precise guidelines apply to the design of equipment. Very often the information made available to the client remains somewhat empirical and merely commercial. By integrating present knowledge and experience, it is possible now to integrate adequate rules for design and methods for evaluation of performance. Depending on the case, tentative general rules are indicated in this text (Sections 2.6, 3.10, 4.5, and 5.7). The choice of a given technology and the performance of a given option of the UV lamps are determinants, depending on the expected result. Tailoring to measure is possible at present (see Chapter 2). The selection of the lamp is a determining issue that depends on any particular application. Constant progress is being made in the eld (see Chapters 2 and 3). Appropriate design of reactors is an element for the success of the method, to be evaluated in each case (see Chapters 3 and 5). In all instances, essential data on the general quality of the water remain necessary, such as total suspended solids, transmittance of UV light, concentration of dissolved oxygen, turbidity, iron content, and general ionic balance. Fundamental principles of the application are at present thoroughly grounded and explained in this text. Cost parameters may be very case dependent. These are not commented on in this contribution and should be evaluated for each specic application.

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