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3g Drive Test Learning
3g Drive Test Learning
WCDMA Frequency and Spectrum Uplink=1920MHz -1980 MHz Downlink= 2110MHz -2170MHz Bandwidth=60 MHz Actual B.W assign to operator is 5MHz And out of that 3.84 MHZ is utilize. In WCDMA frequency reuse factor =1 because time and frequency remains constant.
In WCDMA first following process is done before Reading BCCH frequency. Slot Synchronization Frame Synchronization Scrambling Code CPICH is pilot which will read BCCH information After Synchronization . In WCDMA following Channels use for various function in UL/DL. Downlink:Uplink:1.DL DPCH 1.UL DPDCH 2.DL CCPH 2. UL DPCCH 3. P-CCPH 3. UL CPCH 4. S-CCPH 4. UL PRACH 5. SCH 5. HS-DPCCH 6. PICH 7. CPICH (primary and secondary) 8. AICH
Spreading:- This is used to increase the B.W of the signal beyond the bandwidth normally required to accommodate information. For Spreading OVSF code are used which is known as Orthogonal variable spreading factor code . Spreading factor=chip rate/symbol rate . Scrambling Scrambling is used on top of the spreading so , it does not change the signal bandwidth but only makes the signal from different source separable from each other. Process gain = 10 log (chip rate/bit rate) As bit rate increase process gain decrease . Cell breathing is situation where cell foot print decrease due to large amount of user access the network beyond the capacity of that particular cell.
Ec/No= Eb/No - process gain As per Eb/No is fixed for each service for Ex: voice =2 and video=4 Ec/N0= 2- 10= -8 for voice(for voice -8 is good limit) Ec/N0= 4-18= -14 for video(for video -14 is good limit)
Process gain(voice) = chip rate/bit rate= 10dB Process gain (video) = chip rate /bit rate= 18dB Chip rate = 3.84Mchips in WCDMA.
WCDMA codes
Code tree
Rake Receiver
Soft Handoff
Mobile TX power Received signal strength indication Target Signal to interfere ratio Signal to interfere ratio
GSM/WCDMA
Speech quality
Active Set- Currently serving Cell Measured neighbor- Defined Neighbor Detected Neighbor- Undefined strong detected server UARFCN DL- UMTS Absolute radio frequency channel number
ParameterRSSI In Between -75 to -85 dbm RSCP In Between -75 to -85 dbm Ec /Io In Between -8 to -10 db FER 1% or 2% Ms TX Power - Between -5 to -10 Soft Handoff 35% of total time
Server Plot Useful to find out Swap or Overshooting. UE Plot - To Check Neighbour Relation. RSCP Plot- Coverage wholes Ec /No- for good Throughput and removing pilot pollution. 4th best Server Echno should be > -10db 5th best Server Echno should be > -10db
Pilot Pollution RSCP >= -85dBm & Ec /Io =< -10 dB Coverage Limited RSCP <= -85dBm & Ec /Io => -10 dB Poor Radio ConditionRSCP <= -85dBm & Ec /Io =< -10 dB Good Coverage RSCP >= -85dBm & Ec /Io => -10 dB
Parameter Check
The optimization engineer need to ensure the radio part parameters configuration list has been achieved. In the list the radio part parameters includes: the scrambling code, power setting, neighbor cell list, handover parameter etc.
Site Verification Items: Installations: CPICH RSCP, CPICH Ec/Io, Rx Antenna Swap Test Settings: Frequency & SC, Cell reselection parameters, LAC/RAC, Neighbor List. Functions: LA/RA update, 3G<->2G Cell reselection, SMS (MT & MO), Voice (MT & MO), VP (MT & MO), PS Attach & Detach, PS service, Voice/VP/PS soft handover, Voice 3G>2G handover
Scrambling Code Setting is wrong The Scrambling Code may be wrong in RNC, check the datasheet in RNC. If the Scrambling Code from scanner is the same as that of another sector in same site planned, maybe the TX/RX feeder is crossed to the another sector. After feeder swapped, the CPICH RSCP is 20dB lower than before: The RX feeder is crossed to the antenna of another sector. In this case, the CPICH RSCP will be high in the coverage area of the other antenna. Check the connection between the feeder and the antenna.
Data Drive
There is 3 modulation technique QPSK,16QAM,64QAM. For high through put 16QAM and 64QAM should be utilized high Utilization So, if There is less Utilization of QPSK in downlink than data throughput is also high CQI is like SQI in speech which ensure good channel quality for data transfer. Retransmission of HS- DSCH(High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel) packet is high than also throughput is decreases. In case of stationary Data Test- 2Mbits speed can be achieved In case of moving Vehicle 800kbits to 1.2 Kbits speed can be achieved. Application throughput is always 85% of physical layer data rate throughput because at application level IP inclusion and overhead information will be there. Latency time is round trip time from server and for 3G it should be 150 ms for 32 bit data .
The modulation scheme and coding is changed on a per-user basis depending on signal quality and cell usage. The initial scheme is Quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), but in good radio conditions 16QAM and 64QAM can significantly increase data throughput rates. With 5 Code allocation, QPSK typically offers up to 1.8 Mbit/s peak data rates, while 16QAM offers up to 3.6. Additional codes (e.g. 10, 15) can also be used to improve these data rates or extend the network capacity throughput significantly. Data Throughput will be also depend on MS class which support 5,10 and 15 codes resp. CQI- Channel quality information may include carrier level received signal strength indication (RSSI) and bit error rate (BER). I Channel quality indicators are messages that are sent on a communication system (such as a mobile communication system) that provide the remote connection (e.g. base station) with channel quality information
Sony Ericsson C702 (capable of Scanning) Sony Ericsson Z750i (capable of Scanning) PCTel SeeGull LX WCDMA 2100 PCTel SeeGull LX Plus WCDMA 2100 Global Sat BU-353 (NMEA-0183)
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