IMPERFECT = was/were-ing (Je parlais = I was talking) Nous form +: -ais -ions -ais -iez -ait -aient etre

(et-) aller (all-) ______________________________ CONDITIONAL = would (Je parlerais = I would talk) Infinitive +: -ais -ais -ait -ions -iez -aient

2. ending in eler and eter (appeler, jeter) = double l and t (jappellerai, jappellerais ; je jetterai, je jetterais) 3. ending in yer (employer, essayer, essuyer, payer) = change y to i (jemploierai, jemploierais ; je paierai, je paierais) ______________________________ FUTURE PERFECT (futur anterieur) = will have -ed (Jaurai parl = I will have talked) Future avoir/tre + past verb PAST CONDITIONAL = would have-ed (Jaurais parl = I would have talked) Conditional avoir/tre + past verb PLUPERFECT (plus-que-parfait) = had-ed (Javais parl = I had talked) Imperfect avoir/tre + past verb ______________________________ 1. Si + present tense > present, imperative, or future Si je suis fatigue, je me repose. If I'm tired, I rest. Repose-toi si tu es fatigu. Rest if you're tired. Si je suis fatigu demain, je me reposerai. If I am tired tomorrow, I will rest. 2. Si + imperfect > present conditional Si j'tais riche, je pourrais acheter un chteau. If I were rich, I would buy a castle. Il deviendrait roi s'il avait plus de courage. He would become king if he had more courage. 3. Si + pluperfect > past conditional Si j'avais su, j'aurais compris. If I had known, I would have understood. ______________________________ SUBJUNCTIVE = mood/uncertainty

aller (ir-) to go avoir (aur-) to have devoir (devr-) have to tre (ser-) to be faire (fer-) to do falloir (faudr-) should pouvoir (pourr-) be able to savoir (saur-) to know venir (viendr-) to come voir (verr-) to see vouloir (voudr-) to want SIMPLE FUTURE (Je parlerai = I will talk) Infinitive + : -ai -ons -as -ez -a -ont For Future and Conditional : 1. Verbs ending in e/er (mener, lever, peser) = change e to (je mnerai, je mnerais)

Ils/Elles form + : -e -ions -es -iez -e -ent aller (aille, ailles, aille allions, alliez, aillent) avoir (aie, aies, ait ayons, ayez, aient) tre (sois, sois, soit soyons, soyez, soient) faire (fass-) falloir (faill-) pouvoir (puiss-) to be able to pleuvoir (pleuv-) to rain savoir (sach-) 1. Verbs ending in ier (crier, tudier) = doublei (nous criions, nous tudiions) PAST SUBJUNCTIVE (Je doute que jaie parl = I doubt that I talked) Subjunctive avoir/tre + past verb ______________________________ PRESENT PARTICIPLE = -ing (Jattend, parlant quand il est calme = I wait, talking when it is quiet) Nous form + -ant 1. En + present participle = simultaneous actions (Je chantais en jouant de la guitare = I was singing while playing the guitar) ______________________________ DEVOIR: Necessity or Moral Obligation PRESENT = must, have to (Je dois parler = I must talk) - can mean to owe with object (Je dois dargent = I owe money)

FUTURE = will have to (Je devrai parler = I will have to talk) IMPERFECT = had to, used to have to (Je devais parler = I had to talk) PASS COMPOS = had to (Jai d parler = I had to talk) CONDITONAL = should, ought to (Je devrais parler = I should talk) PAST CONDITIONAL = should have, ought to have (Jaurais d parler = I should have talked) ______________________________