Empire

Muhammad Umayyad(661and First 750) (756-1031) Successors (632- In Spain 661)

-Muhammad -Abu Bakr

Abbasid (7501258)

Ottomans (late 1200s-1922)

Key Leaders

-Muawiyah
-Husayn Ali Damascus

-Abu Al-Abbas

-Suleiman -mahmud

Capital

Mecca

Baghdad

-Istanbul

Formal of Islam

Islam

Sunni

Shiite

Sunni

Key Military Events Cultural Achievements/I deas/Innovation Summarize Reasons for Decline

-Battling Meccans

-Defeated Persian empires and byzantine -Battle of Karbala 680 -Battle of Tours 732 -Horse and camel back -12 Imans -Koran= holy text

-The Abbasid lost the western province of Alandalus -Contributed to making Aristotle known in Christian Europe

- Battle of the Constantinople

-Omar- First year calendar date to hirja

- A tax on all Christians and Jews

-After Ali there were arguments for the next caliph

-Muslims became richer and poor people poorer -Had trouble adapting from living in desert to ruling large cities and huge territories

-The Abbasid dynasty lost control over its empire because of rebellious states and military regimes

-Lost battles -Began to lose territory -Series of treaties that caused the empire to lose some of its economic independence