Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng
III. Chng minh BT da vo BT Bunhiacpxki
1.
2.

Chng minh: (ab + cd) (a + c )(b + d )

Chng minh: sinx + cos x 2

3.

Cho 3a 4b = 7.

4.

Cho 2a 3b = 7.

5.

Cho 3a 5b = 8.

6.

Cho a + b = 2.

7.

Cho a + b 1

Chng minh: 3a + 4b 7.
725
2
2
Chng minh: 3a + 5b
.
47
2464
2
2
.
Chng minh: 7a + 11b
137
4
4
Chng minh: a + b 2.
1
Chng minh: a2 + b2
2

2.

Chng minh:

3.
4.

a+b

a3 + b3 a + b

2
2

a2 + b2
2

a + b 3 a3 + b3

2
2
a
b
Cho a, b > 0 . Chng minh:
+
a+ b
b
a
1
1
2
Chng minh: Vi a b 1:
+

2
2
1+ ab
1+ a
1+ b
Cho a + b 0 chng minh:

6.

Chng minh: a2 + b2 + c2 + 3 2 ( a + b + c ) ; a , b , c R

7.

Chng minh: a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 a ( b + c + d + e)

8.

Chng minh: x2 + y 2 + z2 xy + yz + zx

9.

a. Chng minh:

a+ b+ c

b. Chng minh:

a2 + b2 + c2 a + b + c

3
3

Cho a, b > 0 chng minh:

3

a3 + b3 a + b

(*)
2
2

a +b
3
a + b
2
-
0 ( a + b)( a - b) 0 . PCM.
2
8
2

a+b
a2 + b2
()

2
2
a + b 0 , () lun ng.

Chng minh:

a+b

a +b
.
2

a+b
Cho a + b 0 chng minh:

3
3
( a + b)3 a3 + b3
3 a +b

2
8
2

3 ( b - a ) ( a2 - b2 ) 0 -3 ( b - a ) ( a + b) 0 , PCM.
a
b
Cho a, b > 0 . Chng minh:
+
a + b ()
b
a
() a a + b b a b + b a ( a - b) a - ( a - b) b 0
( a - b) ( a - b ) 0

10. Chng minh:

ab + bc + ca
; a,b,c 0
3
2

a2
+ b2 + c2 ab - ac + 2bc
4

11. Chng minh: a2 + b2 + 1 ab + a + b

12. Chng minh: x2 + y2 + z2 2xy - 2xz + 2yz

5.

Cho a, b > 0 chng minh:

I. Chng minh BT da vo nh ngha v tnh cht c bn:

Vy:

4.

1.

5.

( a - b)2
a2 + b2 + 2ab a2 + b2
a + b > 0 , ()
0
0 , ng.
4
2
4

3.

I. Chng minh BT da vo nh ngha v tnh cht c bn:

Li gii:

(*)
2.

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

PHN I: LUYN TP CN BN

BT Bunhiacopxki

1.

Trn S Tng

13. Chng minh: x 4 + y4 + z2 + 1 2xy(xy 2 - x + z + 1)

1
4
15. Cho a, b, c l s o di 3 cnh ca 1 tam gic. Chng minh:
2
2
2
a. ab + bc + ca a + b + c < 2(ab + bc + ca).
b. abc (a + b c)(a + c b)(b + c a)
2 2
2 2
2 2
4
4
4
c. 2a b + 2b c + 2c a a b c > 0

14. Chng minh: Nu a + b 1 th: a3 + b3

a - b ) ( a + b ) 0 , PCM.
1
1
2
Chng minh: Vi a b 1:
+

()
2
2
1+ ab
1+ a
1+ b
4

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
II. Chng minh BT da vo BT CSI:

Trn S Tng

1.

Chng minh: (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) 8abc ; a,b,c 0

2.

Chng minh: (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c 2 ) 9abc ; a,b,c 0

3.

Chng minh: (1+ a )(1+ b)(1+ c ) (1+ 3 abc ) vi a , b , c 0

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

b.

b
a

+
Cho a, b > 0. Chng minh: 1+ + 1+ 2m + 1 , vi m Z
b

a
bc ca ab
Chng minh:
+
+
a + b + c ; a,b,c 0
a
b
c

Chng minh: a2 (1+ b2 ) + b2 (1+ c2 ) + c2 (1+ a2 ) 6abc .

a
b
c
1 1 1 1
10. Cho a , b > 0. Chng minh: 2
+ 2
+ 2
+ +
2
2
2
2 a b c
a +b
b +c
a +c
11. Cho a , b 1 , chng minh: ab a b - 1 + b a - 1.
12. Cho x, y, z > 1 v x + y + z = 4. Chng minh: xyz 64(x 1)(y 1)(z 1)
13. Cho a > b > c, Chng minh: a 33 ( a - b)( b - c ) c .
14. Cho: a , b , c > 0 v a + b + c = 1. Chng minh:
a) b + c 16abc.
b) (1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 8abc
1
1
1

c) 1+ 1+ 1+ 64
a b c
1
15. Cho x > y > 0 . Chng minh:
x+
3
( x - y) y
16. Chng minh:
x2 + 1

b)

x+8
x -1

6 , "x > 1

y2

1
18. Chng minh:
+

, "x , y R
4
4
4
1+ 16x
1+ 16y
a
b
c
3
19. Chng minh:
+
+
;a,b,c>0
b+c a+c a+b 2
2

bc + b

ac + c

29. Cho y =

32.
33.
34.
a2 + 5
a2 + 1

(Csi 3 s )
ab ; a , b , c > 0

23. Chng minh: 2 a + 3 b + 4 c 9 abc

x 18
, x > 0. nh x y t GTNN.
24. Cho y = +
2 x
x
2
25. Cho y = +
,x > 1 . nh x y t GTNN.
2 x -1
3x
1
26. Cho y =
+
, x > -1 . nh x y t GTNN.
2 x +1
x
5
1
27. Cho y = +
,x >
. nh x y t GTNN.
3 2x - 1
2
x
5
28. Cho y =
+
, 0 < x < 1 . nh x y t GTNN.
1- x x

31.

c)

x3 + 1
x2

, x > 0 . nh x y t GTNN.

x 2 + 4x + 4
, x > 0.
x
2
Tm GTNN ca f(x) = x2 + 3 , x > 0.
x
Tm GTLN ca f(x) = (2x 1)(3 5x)
Cho y = x(6 x) , 0 x 6 . nh x y t GTLN.
5
Cho y = (x + 3)(5 2x) , 3 x
. nh x y t GTLN
2
5
Cho y = (2x + 5)(5 x) , - x 5 . nh x y t GTLN
2
1
5
Cho y = (6x + 3)(5 2x) , - x
. nh x y t GTLN
2
2
x
Cho y = 2
. nh x y t GTLN
x +2

30. Tm GTNN ca f(x) =

ab
bc
ca
a+b+ c
17. Chng minh:
+
+

; a, b, c > 0
a+ b b+ c c+ a
2
x2

vi a , b , c 0 ,
3

9.

2 ,"x R

22. Chng minh: a + b + c a

x6 + y9
3x2 y3 - 16 ; x,y 0
4
1
Chng minh: 2a4 +
3a2 - 1.
1+ a 2
Chng minh: a1995 > 1995 ( a - 1)
,a>0

x2 + 2

a + b + c 33 abc
3

Chng minh:

a)

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
20. Cho a , b , c > 0. C/m:
1
1
1
1
+ 3
+ 3

3
3
3
3
a + b + abc b + c + abc c + a + abc abc
21. p dng BT Csi cho hai s chng minh:
a. a + b + c + d 44 abcd
vi a , b , c , d 0
(Csi 4 s)

35.
36.
37.

38. Cho y =

x2

( x 2 + 2 )3

. nh x y t GTLN

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
7.

Chng minh: 2a4 +

Trn S Tng
1

1+ a

() a4 + a4 + a2 + 1+

3a2 - 1 ()
1

1+ a

4a2 .

8.

1
1+ a

44 a4 a4 ( a2 + 1)

Chng minh: a1995 > 1995 ( a - 1) ()

1
1+ a

1+ a 2

= 4a2

6.

,a>0

1995 1995

a1995 + 1995 > a1995 + 1994 = a1995 + 114243

+ 1+ ... + 1 1995

= 1995a

Chng minh: a2 (1+ b2 ) + b2 (1+ c2 ) + c2 (1+ a2 ) 6abc .

a2 (1+ b2 ) + b2 (1+ c2 ) + c2 (1+ a2 ) = a2 + a2b2 + b2 + b2c2 + c 2 + c2a2

p dng bt ng thc Csi cho 6 s khng m:

11. Cho a , b 1 , chng minh: ab a b - 1 + b a - 1.

a = ( a - 1) + 1 2 a - 1 , b = ( b - 1) + 1 2 b - 1

ab 2b a - 1 , ab 2a b - 1

Tng t: y 4

4(

2
x - 1) ( y - 1) ( z - 1) ;

( y - 1) ( z - 1)

z4

4(

1+ b2
a (b - a)

a = ( a - b) + ( b - c ) + c 33 ( a - b)( b - c ) c
8

b ( a - b)

b-a a
b
0
1+ ab 1+ a2 1+ b2

( b - a ) 2 ( ab - 1)
b - a a + ab2 - b - ba2

0
0 , PCM.

1+ ab (1+ a2 )(1+ b2 )
(1+ ab) (1+ a2 )(1+ b2 )
V : a b 1 ab 1 ab 1 0.

Chng minh: a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 a ( b + c + d + e)
a2
a2
a2
a2
- ab + b2 +
- ac + c2 +
- ad + d2 +
- ae + e2 0
4
4
4
4
2

8.

2
x - 1) ( y - 1) ( z - 1)

Chng minh: x2 + y 2 + z2 xy + yz + zx
2x2 + 2y2 + 2z2 - 2xy - 2yz - 2zx 0

9.

( x - y )2 + ( x - z )2 + ( y - z )2 0

a. Chng minh:

a+ b+ c

ab + bc + ca
; a,b,c 0
3

a2 + b2 + c2 ab + bc + ca
2

a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca ab + bc + ca

a+ b+ c

=
3
9
3

a+ b+ c

b. Chng minh:

ab + bc + ca
3

a2 + b2 + c2 a + b + c

3
3

3 ( a2 + b2 + c 2 ) = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 ( a2 + b2 + c2 )
a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 ( ab + bc + ca ) = ( a + b + c )

xyz 64(x 1)(y 1)(z 1).

13. Cho a > b > c, Chng minh: a 33 ( a - b)( b - c ) c .

1
1
ab - a
ab - b2
0
+
0
1+ ab 1+ ab
(1+ a2 ) (1+ ab) (1+ b2 ) (1+ ab)

(1+ a2 ) (1+ ab) (1+ b2 ) (1+ ab)

ab a b - 1 + b a - 1
12. Cho x, y, z > 1 v x + y + z = 4. C/m: xyz 64(x 1)(y 1)(z 1)
x = ( x - 1) + 1 = ( x - 1) + x + y + z - 3
= ( x - 1) + ( x - 1) + ( y - 1) + ( z - 1) 44 ( x - 1)

- b + - c + - d + - e 0 . PCM
2

a2 + a2b2 + b2 + b2c2 + c2 + c2a2 6 a6b6 c6 = 6abc

a
b
c
1 1 1 1
10. Cho a , b > 0. Chng minh: 2
+ 2
+ 2
+ +
2
2
2
2 a b c
a +b
b +c
a +c
a
a
1
b
b
1
c
c
1

=
, 2

=
, 2

=
2
2
2
2
2ab 2b
2bc 2c a + c
2ac 2a
a +b
b +c
a
b
c
1 1 1 1
Vy: 2
+
+
+ +
a + b2 b2 + c2 a2 + c2 2 a b c

Chng minh: a2 + b2 + c2 + 3 2 ( a + b + c ) ; a , b , c R

1994 so

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2

2
2
2
( a - 1) + ( b - 1) + ( c - 1) 0 . PCM.

7.

1+ a 2

() a1995 > 1995a - 1995 a1995 + 1995 > 1995a

9.

p dng BT Csi cho 4 s khng m: a4 , a4 , a2 + 1,

a 4 + a 4 + a 2 + 1+

Trn S Tng

10. Chng minh:

a2 + b2 + c2 a + b + c

3
3

a2
+ b2 + c2 ab - ac + 2bc
4
5

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng

Trn S Tng

a
a

- a ( b - c ) + b2 + c2 - 2bc 0 - ( b - c ) 0 .
4
2

11. Chng minh: a2 + b2 + 1 ab + a + b

1.

2a2 + 2b2 + 2 - 2ab - 2a - 2b 0

a2 - 2ab + b2 + a2 + 2a + 1+ b2 + 2b + 1 0
2

2.

12. Chng minh: x + y + z 2xy - 2xz + 2yz

a + b + c 33 abc , a2 + b2 + c2 3 a2b2c2

3
( a + b + c ) ( a2 + b2 + c 2 ) 9 a3b3 c3 = 9abc .

13. Chng minh: x4 + y4 + z2 + 1 2x(xy2 - x + z + 1)

x4 + y4 + z2 + 1- 2x2 y2 + 2x2 - 2xz - 2x 0

3.

( x2 - y2 ) + ( x - z ) + ( x - 1) 0 .
2

1
1 1

3
3
a + b = 3 a - + .

2
4 4
15. Cho a, b, c l s o di 3 cnh ca 1 tam gic. Chng minh:
2
2
2
a. ab + bc + ca a + b + c < 2(ab + bc + ca).
2
2
2
2
2
2

ab + bc + ca a + b + c (a b) + (a c) + (b c)

a > b-c , b > a-c , c > a-b

a2 > b2 - 2bc + c2 , b2 > a2 - 2ac + c2 , c2 > a2 - 2ab + b2
2
2
2
a + b + c < 2(ab + bc + ca).
abc (a + b c)(a + c b)(b + c a)
2

a2 > a2 - ( b - c ) a2 > ( a + c - b)( a + b - c )

4.

5.

b
a
2 1+ . 1 +
b
a

6.

2 4m = 2m + 1
bc ca ab
+
+
a + b + c ; a, b, c > 0
Chng minh:
a
b
c
p dng BT Csi cho hai s khng m:

Chng minh:

x6 + y9
3x2 y3 - 16 ; x,y 0 ()
4
3

() x6 + y9 + 64 12x2 y3 ( x2 ) + ( y3 ) + 43 12x2 y3
p dng BT Csi cho ba s khng m:

( x2 )3 + ( y3 )3 + 43 3x2y3 4 = 12x2y3 .
7

b a

= 2 2+ +
a b

ca ab
a2bc
+
2
= 2a
b
c
bc
bc ca ab

+
+
a+b+c .
a
b
c

c > c - ( a - b) c > ( b + c - a ) ( a + c - b)
2

2m + 1 , vi m Z

bc ca
abc2
bc ba
b2ac
+
2
= 2c ,
+
2
= 2b ,
a
b
ab
a
c
ac

a2b2c2 > ( a + b - c ) ( a + c - b) ( b + c - a )
abc > ( a + b - c )( a + c - b)( b + c - a )
2 2
2 2
2 2
4
4
4
2a b + 2b c + 2c a a b c > 0
2 2
2 2
2
4
4
2 2
4
4a b + 2c (b + a ) a b 2a b c > 0
2 2
2 2
2
2
2 2
4
4a b + 2c (b + a ) (a + b ) c > 0
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
(2ab) [(a + b ) c ] > 0 [c (a b) ][(a + b) c ] > 0
(c a + b)(c + a b)(a + b c)(a + b + c) > 0 . ng
V a , b , c l ba cnh ca tam gic
c a + b > 0 , c + a b > 0 , a + b c > 0 , a + b + c > 0.

b
a

Cho a, b > 0. Chng minh: 1+ + 1+

b

a
b
a

1+ + 1+

b
a

c.

3
(1+ a )(1+ b)(1+ c ) 1+ 33 abc + 3 a2b2c2 + abc = (1+ 3 abc )

b2 > b2 - ( a - c ) b2 > ( b + c - a ) ( a + b - c )
2

Chng minh: (1+ a )(1+ b)(1+ c ) (1+ 3 abc ) , vi a , b , c 0.

(1+ a )(1+ b)(1+ c ) = 1+ a + b + c + ab + ac + bc + abc.
a + b + c 33 abc , ab + ac + bc 3 a2b2c 2

1
14. Chng minh: Nu a + b 1 th: a + b
4
3
3
2
3
a + b 1 b 1 a b = (1 a) = 1 a + a a
3

Chng minh: (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c 2 ) 9abc ; a,b,c 0

p dng bt ng thc Csi cho ba s khng m:
3

x2 + y2 + z2 - 2xy + 2xz - 2yz 0 (x y + z) 0.

Chng minh: (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) 8abc ; a, b, c 0

p dng bt ng thc Csi cho hai s khng m:
a + b 2 ab , b + c 2 bc , a + c 2 ac
( a + b)( b + c ) ( a + c ) 8 a 2b2c2 = 8abc .

( a - b) + ( a - 1) + ( b - 1) 0 .

b.

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
II. Chng minh BT da vo BT CSI:

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Du = xy ra

Trn S Tng
x -1
2
2
=
( x - 1) = 4
2
x -1

x = 3
x = -1(loai)

5
Vy: Khi x = 3 th y t GTNN bng
2
3x
1
26. Cho y =
+
, x > -1 . nh x y t GTNN.
2 x +1
3(x + 1)
1
3
y=
+
2
x+1 2

b)

3 ( x + 1)
1
3
3 ( x + 1) 1
3
3
y=
+
- 2
.
- = 62
x +1 2
2
x+1 2
2
Du = xy ra

6
-1
x =
3 ( x + 1)
1
2
2
3

=
( x + 1) =

2
x +1
3
6
- 1(loai )
x = 3

6
3
- 1 th y t GTNN bng 6 2
3
x
5
1
27. Cho y = +
,x >
. nh x y t GTNN.
3 2x - 1
2
2x - 1
5
1
y=
+
+
6
2x - 1 3
Vy: Khi x =

2x - 1
5
1
2x - 1 5
1
+
+ 2
.
+ =
6
2x - 1 3
6 2x - 1 3
Du = xy ra

2
2
4a (1- a ) = (1- a ) ( 4a - 4a2 ) = (1- a ) 1- (1- 2a ) 1- a = b + c
(1 a)(1 b)(1 c) 8abc
(1 a)(1 b)(1 c) = (b + c)(a + c)(a + b) 2 bc.2 ac.2 ab = 8abc
1
1
1

1+ 1+ 1+ 64
a b c
4

1 a + a + b + c 4 a2bc

1+ =

a
a
a

1 4 ab2c

b
b
1
1
1

1+ 1+ 1+ 64
a b c
1+

15. Cho x > y > 0 . Chng minh:

a)
2x - 1
5
,
:
6
2x - 1

30 + 1
3

30 + 1
30 + 1
th y t GTNN bng
2
3
x
5
28. Cho y =
+
, 0 < x < 1 . nh x y t GTNN.
1- x x
12

1+

x+

1 4 abc2

c
c

( x - y) y
( x - y) y
1
VT = ( x - y ) + y +
33
=3
( x - y) y
( x - y) y

16. Chng minh:

30 + 1
x =
2x - 1
5
2
2

=
( 2x - 1) = 30

6
2x - 1
- 30 + 1
(loai )
x =

2
Vy: Khi x =

c)

p dng bt ng thc Csi cho hai s khng m

y=

b+ c
b+ c
1- a
2

bc 16abc 16a
= 16a
= 4a (1- a )
2
2
2

3 ( x + 1)
1
p dng bt ng thc Csi cho hai s khng m
,
:
2
x+1

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
14. Cho: a , b , c > 0 v a + b + c = 1. Chng minh:
a) b + c 16abc.

b)
c.

x2 + 2
2

x +1
x+8
x -1

2 x 2 + 2 2 x 2 + 1 x 2 + 1+ 1 2 x 2 + 1

x -1

= x - 1+

( a2 + 1) + 4 2 4 ( a2 + 1) = 4

17. Chng minh:

x - 1+ 9

9
x -1

a2 + 1

x -1

9
x -1

a2 + 5
a2 + 1

=6

ab
bc
ca
a+b+ c
+
+

; a, b, c > 0
a+ b b+ c c+ a
2

V : a + b 2 ab

ab
ab

=
a + b 2 ab

ab
bc
bc
,

=
2
b + c 2 bc

bc
ac
ac
,

=
2
a + c 2 ac

ac
2

a + b + c ab + bc + ca , da vo: a2 + b2 + c2 ab + bc + ca .

ab
bc
ca
+
+

a+ b b+ c c+ a

ab + bc + ac a + b + c

2
2
9

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
18. Chng minh:

1+ 16x4
y2
1+ 16y

x2
1+ 16x

1+ 16x

=
=
+

Trn S Tng

1+ ( 4x )

y2
1+ ( 4y )

y2
1+ 16y

1+ 16y

x2
2.4x2
y2
2.4y

1
, "x , y R
4

1
8

1
8

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
21. p dng BT Csi cho hai s chng minh:
a. a + b + c + d 44 abcd
vi a , b , c , d 0
(Csi 4 s)
a + b 2 ab , c + d 2 cd

a + b + cd 2 ( ab + cd ) 2 2
a + b + c 33 abc

b.

a+b+ c+

1
4

a
b
c
3
+
+
;a,b,c>0
b+c a+c a+b 2
t X = b + c , Y = c + a , Z = a + b.
1
a + b + c = (X + Y + Z)
2
Y+Z-X
Z+X-Y
X+Y-Z
a=
,b=
,c=
2
2
2

a
b
c
1 Y X Z X Z Y

+
+
=
+ + + + + - 3
b + c a + c a + b 2 X Y X Z Y Z

1
3
[ 2 + 2 + 2 - 3] = .
2
2
Cch khc:
a
b
c
a
b
c

+
+
=
+ 1 +
+ 1 +
+ 1 - 3
b+ c a+ c a+ b b+ c a+ c a+b
1
1
1
1
= [( a + b) + ( b + c ) + ( c + a ) ]
+
+
-3
2
b+ c a + c a + b
p dng bt ng thc Csi cho ba s khng m:
1
[( a + b) + ( b + c ) + ( c + a )] 1 + 1 + 1 9 - 3 = 3

2
2
b+ c a + c a + b 2
20. Cho a , b , c > 0. C/m:
1
1
1
1
+ 3
+ 3

3
3
3
3
a + b + abc b + c + abc c + a + abc abc

a3 + b3 = ( a + b) ( a2 - ab + a2 ) ( a + b) ab
a3 + b3 + abc ( a + b) ab + abc = ab ( a + b + c ) , tng t
b3 + c3 + abc ( b + c ) bc + abc = bc ( a + b + c )
c3 + a3 + abc ( c + a ) ca + abc = ca ( a + b + c )

VT

1
1
1
1
a+b+c
+
+
=

ab ( a + b + c ) bc ( a + b + c ) ca ( a + b + c ) a + b + c abc
10

vi a , b , c 0 ,

(Csi 3 s )

a+b+ c
a+b+ c
4.4 abc
3
3

a+ b+ c 4
a+b+ c
abc

3
3

a+b+ c
a+ b+ c

abc
3
3

19. Chng minh:

ab. cd 44 abcd

a+ b+ c
3

abc a + b + c 3 abc .
3

22. Chng minh: a3 + b3 + c3 a2 bc + b2 ac + c2 ab ; a , b , c > 0

a3 + abc 2a2 bc , b3 + abc 2b2 ac , c3 + abc 2c2 ab

a3 + b3 + c3 + 3abc 2 ( a2 bc + b2 ac + c2 ab )
2 ( a3 + b3 + c3 ) 2 ( a2 bc + b2 ac + c 2 ab ) ,
v : a3 + b3 + c3 3abc

Vy:

a3 + b3 + c3 a2 bc + b2 ac + c2 ab

23. Chng minh: 2 a + 33 b + 44 c 99 abc

p dng bt ng thc Csi cho 9 s khng m:
VT = a + a + 3 b + 3 b + 3 b + 4 c + 4 c + 4 c + 4 c 99 abc
x 18
24. Cho y = +
, x > 0. nh x y t GTNN.
2 x

p dng BT Csi cho hai s khng m:

y=

x 18
x 18
+
2 .
=6
2 x
2 x

x 18
=
x2 = 36 x = 6 , chn x = 6.
2
x
Vy: Khi x = 6 th y t GTNN bng 6
x
2
25. Cho y = +
,x > 1 . nh x y t GTNN.
2 x -1
x -1
2
1
y=
+
+
2
x -1 2
x -1 2
p dng bt ng thc Csi cho hai s khng m
,
:
2
x-1

Du = xy ra

y=

x -1
2
1
x -1 2
1 5
+
+ 2
.
+ =
2
x -1 2
2 x -1 2 2
11

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2

735
4 9
2
2
5 b + ( 3a2 + 5b2 ) 3a + 5b
.
47
3 5
3
5
2464
2
2
.
Cho 3a 5b = 8. Chng minh: 7a + 11b
137
3
5
3a - 5b =
7a11b
7
11
3
5
, 7a , , 11b :
p dng BT Bunhiacopski cho 4 s
7
11

5.

6.

7.

Trn S Tng

3a-

2464
9 25 ( 2
2
2
2

7a11b +
.
7a + 11b ) 7a + 11b
7 11
137
7
11
4
4
Cho a + b = 2.
Chng minh: a + b 2.
p dng BT Bunhiacopski:

2 = a + b (1+ 1) ( a2 + b2 )

a +b 2

2 ( a2 + b2 ) (1+ 1) ( a4 + b4 )

a +b 2

Cho a + b 1

1 a + b

1
Chng minh: a2 + b2
2

(12 + 12 ) ( a2 + b2 ) a2 + b2

1
2

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

x
5 (1- x ) + 5x
x
x -1
x
1- x
f(x) =
+
=
+5
+5 2
5
+5= 2 5+5
1- x
x
1- x
x
1- x
x
2

Du = xy ra

Vy: GTNN ca y l 2 5 + 5 khi x =

29. Cho y =

x
1- x
5- 5
x
=5

(0 < x < 1)
=5x=
1- x
x
4
1- x

x3 + 1
x2

x3 + 1

5- 5
4

, x > 0 . nh x y t GTNN.

x x 1
xx 1
3
+ + 2 33
=3
2
2 2 x
22x
4
x
x
x x
1
Du = xy ra = = 2 x = 3 2 .
2 2 x
3
Vy: GTNN ca y l 3 khi x = 3 2
4
2

= x+

30. Tm GTNN ca f(x) =

x 2 + 4x + 4
, x > 0.
x

x2 + 4x + 4
4
4
= x + + 4 2 x. + 4 = 8
x
x
x
4
Du = xy ra x = x = 2 (x > 0).
x
Vy: GTNN ca y l 8 khi x = 2.
2
31. Tm GTNN ca f(x) = x2 + 3 , x > 0.
x

x2 +

2
x

x2 1 2
x2 x2 x2
1
1
+
+
+ 3 + 3 55 3 =
3
3
3 x
3 x
x

5
5

x
1
= 3 x = 5 3 x = 2 (x > 0).
3
x
5
Vy: GTNN ca y l 5
khi x = 5 3 .
27
32. Tm GTLN ca f(x) = (2x 1)(3 5x)

16

Du = xy ra

27

11x
11
1
1

2
f(x) = 10x + 11x 3 = -10 x2
- 3 = -10 x +
10
20
40 40

11
Du = xy ra x =
20
13

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng

11
1
th y t GTLN bng
.
20
40
33. Cho y = x(6 x) , 0 x 6 . nh x y t GTLN.
p dng BT Csi cho 2 s khng m x v 6 x (v 0 x 6):

Vy: Khi x =

6 = x + ( 6 - x ) 2 x ( 6 - x ) x(6 x) 9
Du = xy ra x = 6 x x = 3
Vy: Khi x = 3 th y t GTLN bng 9.
5
34. Cho y = (x + 3)(5 2x) , 3 x
. nh x y t GTLN.
2
1
y = (x + 3)(5 2x) = (2x + 6)(5 2x)
2

p dng BT Csi cho 2 s khng m 2x + 6 v 5 2x , -3 x :

2
1
121
11 = ( 2x + 6) + ( 5 - 2x ) 2 ( 2x + 6)( 5 - 2x )
(2x + 6)(5 2x)
2
8
1
Du = xy ra 2x + 6 = 5 2x x = 4
1
121
Vy: Khi x = - th y t GTLN bng
.
4
8
5
35. Cho y = (2x + 5)(5 x) , - x 5 . nh x y t GTLN.
2
1
y = (2x + 5)(5 x) = (2x + 5)(10 2x)
2
5

p dng BT Csi cho 2 s khng m 2x + 5 , 10 2x , - x 5 :

2

1
625
( 2x + 5) + (10 - 2x ) 2 ( 2x + 5)(10 - 2x ) (2x + 5)(10 2x)
2
8
5
Du = xy ra 2x + 5 = 10 2x x =
4
5
625
Vy: Khi x = th y t GTLN bng
4
8
1
5
36. Cho y = (6x + 3)(5 2x) , - x
. nh x y t GTLN
2
2
y = 3(2x + 1)(5 2x)
5
1
p dng BT Csi cho 2 s khng m 2x + 1 , 5 2x , - x :
2
2

( 2x + 1) + ( 5 - 2x ) 2 ( 2x + 1)( 5 - 2x ) (2x + 1)(5 2x) 9

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
Vy: Khi x = 1 th y t GTLN bng 9.
x
. nh x y t GTLN
37. Cho y = 2
x +2
1
x
1
2 + x 2 2 2x2 = 2x 2

y
2
2 2 2+ x
2 2

Du = xy ra x 2 = 2 v x > 0 x= 2

Vy: Khi x = 2 th y t GTLN bng

38. Cho y =

x2

( x 2 + 2 )3

. nh x y t GTLN
x2

x 2 + 2 = x2 + 1+ 1 3 x2 .1.1 ( x2 + 2) 27x2

Du = xy ra x 2 = 1 x = 1

Vy: Khi x = 1 th y t GTLN bng

( x 2 + 2)

1
27

1
.
27

III. Chng minh BT da vo BT Bunhiacpxki

1.

Chng minh: (ab + cd) (a + c )(b + d ) () BT Bunhiacopxki

() a2b2 + 2abcd + c 2d2 a2b2 + a2d2 + c 2b2 + c2d2
2
a2d2 + c2b2 - 2abcd 0 ( ad - cb) 0 .

2.

Chng minh: sinx + cos x 2

p dng BT Bunhiacopski cho 4 s 1 , sinx , 1 , cosx :

3.

(12 + 12 ) ( sin2 x + cos2 x ) =

Cho 3a 4b = 7. Chng minh: 3a + 4b 7.

p dng BT Bunhiacopski cho 4 s 3 , 3 a , 4 , 4 b :
2
2
3. 3a + 4. 4b ( 3 + 4) ( 3a2 + 4b2 ) 3a + 4b 7.
725
2
2
Cho 2a 3b = 7. Chng minh: 3a + 5b
.
47
2
3
2a - 3b =
3a5b
3
5
2
3
p dng BT Bunhiacopski cho 4 s
, 3a , , 5b:
3
5

4.

sinx + cos x = 1. sinx + 1. cos x

3a + 4b =

Du = xy ra 2x + 1 = 5 2x x = 1
14

1
2 2

15

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng
2

a +b +c
(a, b, c l cc cnh ca DABC, R l
2R
bn knh ng trn ngoi tip). Du = xy ra khi no?
36. (i hc 2002 d b 3)
5
Gi s x, y l hai s dng thay i tho mn iu kin x + y = . Tm
4
4 1
gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
S= +
x 4y
37. (i hc 2002 d b 5)
Gi s a, b, c, d l 4 s nguyn thay i tho mn 1 a < b < c < d 50.
x+ y+ z

Chng minh bt ng thc:

Trn S Tng

a c b2 + b + 50
+
b d
50b

v tm gi tr nh nht

a c
+ .
b d
38. (i hc 2002 d b 6)

1.
2.
3.

4.

ca biu thc: S =

3
. Gi a, b, c ln lt l di cc
2
cnh BC, CA, AB v ha, hb, hc tng ng l di cc ng cao k t
cc nh A, B, C. Chng minh rng:
1
1
1 1 1 1
a + b + c h + h + h 3

a
b
c
39. (i hc khi A 2003)
Cho x, y, z l 3 s dng v x + y + z 1. Chng minh rng:
Cho tam gic ABC c din tch bng

x2 +

+ y2 +

+ z2 +

20

5.

6.

7.

(CGT II 2003 d b)
Cho 3 s bt k x, y, z. CMR: x2 + xy + y2 + x2 + xz+z2 y2 + yz+z2
(CBC Hoa Sen khi A 2006)
3
3
3
Cho x, y, z > 0 v xyz = 1. Chng minh rng: x + y + z x + y + z.
(CKTKT Cn Th khi A 2006)
Cho 3 s dng x, y, z tho x + y + z 1. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu
1 1 1
thc:
A=x+y+z+ + +
x y z
(CSPHCM khi ABTDM 2006)
5
Cho x, y l hai s thc dng v tho x + y = . Tm gi tr nh nht ca
4
4 1
biu thc: A = +
.
x 4y
(CKTKT Cn Th khi B 2006)
Cho 4 s dng a, b, c, d. Chng minh bt ng thc:
a
b
c
d
+
+
+
<2
a+ b+ c b+ c+ d c+ d+ a d+ a+b
(CKT Cao Thng khi A 2006)
1 2
2
Chng minh rng nu x > 0 th (x + 1) x2 + x + 1 16.
(CKTKTCN1 khi A 2006)
Cho 3 s dng a, b, c. Ch. minh rng:

82

x2
y2
z2
40. (i hc khi A 2003 d b 1)
5
Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s: y = sin x +
41. (i hc khi A 2003 d b 2)
Tnh cc gc ca tam gic ABC, bit rng:
(1)
4p(p - a) bc

A
B
C 2 3-3
(2)
sin sin sin =
2
2
2
8

a+b+ c
trong BC = a, CA = b, AB = c, p =
.
2
42. (i hc khi A 2005)
1 1 1
Cho x, y, z l cc s dng tho mn : + + = 4 .
x y z

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

PHN II. THI I HC

8.

3 cosx

a+ b+ c a+b+ c a+b+ c
+
+
9
a
b
c

(CKTYT1 2006)
2
Cho cc s thc x, y thay i tho mn iu kin: y 0; x + x = y + 12.
Tm gi tr ln nht, nh nht ca biu thc: A = xy + x + 2y + 17
9. (CBC Hoa Sen khi D 2006)
Cho x, y, z > 0; x + y + z = xyz. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc A = xyz.
10. (Hc vin BCVT 2001)
Chng minh rng vi mi s thc a, b, c tho mn iu kin: a + b + c = 1
1
1
1
b
c
a
th:
+ b + c 3 a + b + c
a
3
3
3
3
3
3
11. (H Nng khi A 2001 t 2)
2
2
2
Cho ba s dng a, b, c tho a + b + c = 1. Chng minh:
a
b
c
3 3
+ 2
+ 2

2
2
2
2
2
b +c
c +a
a +b
12. (H Kin trc HN 2001)
17

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng
2

13.

14.

15.
16.

a + b + c = 2
Cho cc s a, b, c tho:
ab + bc + ca = 1
4
4 4
4 4
4
Chng minh: - a ; - b ; - c
3
3 3
3 3
3
(Hc vin NH TPHCM khi A 2001)
Cho DABC c 3 cnh l a, b, c v p l na chu vi. Chng minh rng:
1
1
1
1 1 1
+
+
2 + +
p-a p-b p-c
a b c
(H Nng nghip I HN khi A 2001)
Cho 3 s x, y, z > 0. Chng minh rng:
2 y
2 x
2 z
1
1
1
+ 3
+ 3
2+ 2+ 2
3
2
2
2
x +y
y +z
z +x
x
y
z
(H PCCC khi A 2001)
Ch. minh rng vi a 2, b 2, c 2 th: logb+ c a + logc + a b + loga+ b c > 1
(H Quc gia HN khi D 2001)
Ch. minh rng vi mi x 0 v vi mi a > 1 ta lun c: xa + a 1 ax.
T chng minh rng vi 3 s dng a, b, c bt k th:
a3
3

b3
3

c3
3

(a + 1).(b + 1).(c + 1) 1+ 3 abc

26. (H Y HN 2000)
Gi s x, y l hai s dng tho iu kin

a b c
+ +
b c a

b
c
a
17. (H Thi Nguyn khi D 2001)
Cho a 1, b 1. Chng minh rng: a b - 1 + b a - 1 ab (*)
18. (H Vinh khi A, B 2001)
Chng minh rng nu a, b, c l di ba cnh ca mt tam gic c chu vi
2
2
2
bng 3 th:
3a + 3b + 3c + 4abc 13
19. (H Y Thi Bnh khi A 2001)
2

Cho a, b, c l nhng s dng v a + b = c. Ch. minh rng: a 3 + b3 > c 3

20. (HQG HN khi A 2000)
Vi a, b, c l 3 s thc bt k tho iu kin a + b + c = 0. Chng minh
a
b
c
a
b
c
rng:
8 +8 +8 2 +2 +2
21. (HQG HN khi D 2000)
Vi a, b, c l 3 s thc dng tho iu kin: ab + bc + ca = abc. Chng
b2 + 2a2
c2 + 2b2
a2 + 2c2
+
+
3
ab
bc
ca
22. (H Bch khoa HN khi A 2000)
minh rng:

Cho 2 s a, b tho iu kin a + b 0. Ch. minh rng:

23. (HSP TP HCM khi DE 2000)
Cho 3 s a, b, c bt k. Chng minh cc BT:
18

a3 + b3 a + b

2
2

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2
2
2
2
a) a + b + c ab + bc + ca
b) (ab + bc + ca) 3abc(a + b + c)
24. (H Nng nghip I khi A 2000)
Cho 3 s dng a, b, c tho iu kin abc = 1. Tm gi tr nh nht ca
bc
ca
ab
biu thc: P = 2
+ 2
+ 2
2
2
a b + a c b c + b a c a + c 2b
25. (H Thu li II 2000)
Chng minh rng vi mi s dng a, b, c ta u c:

2 3
+ = 6 . Tm gi tr nh nht
x y

ca tng x + y.
27. (H An Giang khi D 2000)
c+1
c+1
c1
c1
Cho cc s a, b, c 0. Chng minh: a
+b
ab(a
+b )
28. (H Ty Nguyn khi AB 2000)
18xyz
CMR vi mi x, y, z dng v x + y + z = 1 th xy + yz + zx >
2 + xyz
29. (H An Ninh khi A 2000)
n+1
n
Chng minh rng vi mi s nguyn n 3 ta u c: n
> (n + 1)
30. (CSP Nha Trang 2000)
Cho 2 s thc a, b tho iu kin: a, b 1 v a + b = 1. Tm gi tr ln
nht ca biu thc: A = a + 1 + b + 1
31. (CSP Nh tr Mu gio T I 2000)
Chng minh BT sau y lun lun ng vi mi s thc x, y, z bt k
1
1
1
9
khc khng: 2 + 2 + 2 2
x
y
z
x + y 2 + z2
BT cui cng lun ng BT cn chng minh ng.
32. (H Y Dc TP HCM 1999)
Cho 3 s a, b, c khc 0. Chng minh:

a2
2

b2

b
c
33. (H Hng hi 1999)
Cho x, y, z 0 v x + y + z 3. Chng minh rng:
x
y
z
3
1
1
1
+
+

+
+
2
2
2
2 1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
1+ x
1+ y
1+ z

c2
a

a b c
+ +
b c a

34. (H An ninh HN khi D 1999)

Cho 3 s x, y, z thay i, nhn gi tr thuc on [0;1]. Chng minh rng:
3
3
3
2
2
2
2(x + y + z ) (x y + y z + z x) 3
(*)
35. (i hc 2002 d b 1)
Gi x, y, z l khong cch t im M thuc min trong ca DABC c 3 gc
nhn n cc cnh BC, CA, AB. Chng minh rng:
19

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

6.

7.

8.

9.

Trn S Tng

b
d
b
d
+
<
+
=1
b+ c+ d d+ a+b b+ d b+ d
Cng v theo v cc BT trn ta c pcm.
(CKT Cao Thng khi A 2006)
2
1 2
1
2
2
+
1
+
+
1
Ta c: (x + 1) x2 x 16 (1) (x + 1) x 16
1
2
2
(x + 1) + 1 4 (do x > 0) (x + 1) 4x (x 1) 0 (2)
x
(2) lun ng nn (1) c chng minh.
(CKTKTCN1 khi A 2006)
b c a
c a b
Xt v tri ca BT cho: VT = 1+ + + + 1+ + + + 1
a a b
b c c
b a c a c b
= 3 + + + + + +
a b a c b c
Do a, b, c > 0 nn theo BT Csi ta c:
b a
b a
b c
b c
c a
c a
+ 2 . = 2;
+ 2 . = 2;
+ 2 . =2
a b
a b
c b
c b
a c
a c
Khi : VT 3 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 9 (pcm).
(CKTYT1 2006)
2
2
y 0, x + x = y + 12 x + x 12 0 4 x 3
2
3
2
y = x + x 12 A = x + 3x 9x 7
3
2
t f(x) = A = x + 3x 9x 7 vi 4 x 3
2
f(x) = 3x + 6x 9 ; f(x) = 0 x = 1 hoc x = 3
f(4) = 13, f(3) = 20, f(1) = 12, f(3) = 20
Vy maxA = 20 (x = 3, y = 0), minA = 12 (x = 1, y = 10).
(CBC Hoa Sen khi D 2006)
2
Ta c: x + y + z 3 3 xyz xyz 3 3 xyz (xyz) 27 xyz 3 3
Du "=" xy ra x = y = z =

3.

Vy minA = 3 3 .
10. (Hc vin BCVT 2001)
1
Ta c hm s f(x) = x l hm nghch bin nn:
3
1
1
(a b) a - b 0, "a, b.
3
3
a
b
b
a

+ b a + b , "a, b.
(1)
a
3
3
3
3
b
c
b
c
Tng t: b + c c + b
(2)
3
3
3
3
24

Trn S Tng

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

1
1
1
+
+
1
2x+y+z x + 2y + z x + y + 2z
43. (i hc khi B 2005)
Chng minh rng vi mi x R, ta c:
Chng minh rng:

12
15 20
x
x
x
+ +
3 +4 +5
5
4
3

Khi no ng thc xy ra?

44. (i hc khi D 2005)
Cho cc s dng x, y, z tho mn xyz = 1. Chng minh rng:
1+ x 3 + y 3
1 + y 3 + z3
1 + z3 + x 3
+
+
3 3
xy
yz
zx
Khi no ng thc xy ra?
45. (i hc khi A 2005 d b 1)
Cho 3 s x, y, z tho x + y + z = 0. CMR:
46. (i hc khi A 2005 d b 2)

3 + 4x + 3 + 4y + 3 + 4z 6
2

y
9

Chng minh rng vi mi x, y > 0 ta c: (1+ x ) 1+ 1+

256
x
y

ng thc xy ra khi no?

47. (i hc khi B 2005 d b 1)
3
Cho 3 s dng a, b, c tho mn: a + b + c = . Chng minh rng:
4
3

a + 3b + 3 b + 3c + 3 c + 3a 3
Khi no ng thc xy ra?
48. (i hc khi B 2005 d b 2)
Chng minh rng nu 0 y x 1 th x y - y x

1
.
4

ng thc xy ra khi no?

49. (i hc khi D 2005 d b 2)
Cho x, y, z l 3 s dng v xyz = 1. CMR:

x2
y2
z2
3
+
+

1 + y 1+ z 1 + x 2

50. (i hc khi A 2006)

Cho 2 s thc x 0, y 0 thay i v tho mn iu kin:
2
2
(x + y)xy = x + y xy.
1
1
Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc: A = 3 + 3 .
x
y
51. (i hc khi B 2006)
Cho x, y l cc s thc thay i. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
A=

( x - 1)2 + y2 + ( x + 1)2 + y2 + y - 2
21

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng

Trn S Tng

LI GII
1.

f(t) = 3

x+

x2 + xy + y2 + x2 + xz+z2 y2 + yz+z2
(CBC Hoa Sen khi A 2006)
x + y + z 3 3 x3 y3z3 2(x + y + z ) 6
3

x + 1 + 1 3 x3 x + 2 3x (1)
3

Tng t: y + 1 + 1 3 y
3

4.

y + 2 3y(2)

3 3

z + 1 + 1 3 z z + 2 3z
(3)
Cng (1), (2), (3) v theo v suy ra bt ng thc cn chng minh.
(CKTKT Cn Th khi A 2006)
Cch 1:
Theo BT Csi:
1 x + y + z 3 3 xyz > 0
3

3.

1 1 1
+ +
x y z
A 3 3 xyz +

T :
t: t =

3
xyz

xyz
1
3

3
1
vi 0 < t
t
3

22

1 2
,
9x 3

y+

1 2
,
9y 3

5.

1
3

1
.
3

z+

1
3

xyz

1 2

9z 3

1
1
1 8 1 1 1
8 3

T : A= x +
10
+ y + 9y + z + 9z + 9 x + y + z 2 + 3
9x
9 xyz

1
1
Du "=" xy ra khi x = y = z = .Vy Amin = 10 t c khi x = y = z =
3
3
(CSPHCM khi ABT 2006)
5
Ta c: x + y =
4x + 4y 5 = 0
4
4 1
4
1
4
1
A= +
= + 4x+
+ 4y - 5 A 2
.4x + 2
.4y 5
4y
x 4y
x
4y
x
A5

xyz , iu kin: 0 < t

Xt hm s f(t) = 3t +

1
< 0, "t 0;
3

Theo BT Csi: 1 x + y + z 3 3 xyz > 0

y z
BC = - +
(y + z) = y2 + yz+z2

2 2
2

Vi 3 im A, B, C ta lun c: AB + AC BC
2.

Cch 2:

3(t - 1)

Vy Amin = 10 t c khi x = y = z =

3
z

z = x 2 + xz + z2
x + +

2
2

AC =

T bng bin thin ta suy ra: A 10. Du "=" xy ra khi x = y = z =

1
3

2
3
y

+
x
y = x2 + xy + y2

2
2

AB =

Bng bin thin:

(CGT II 2003 d b)
Trong mt phng to Oxy, xt cc im:

y 3
3
3
y z
Ax + ;
z , B 0;
y+
z , C - ;0

2 2
2
2 2

2
Ta c:

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2

4
x = 4x

x = 1
1 = 4y

Du "=" xy ra 4y

1.
y = 4

5
x + y =
4

x,y > 0
(CKTKT Cn Th khi B 2006)
V a, b, c, d > 0 nn ta lun c:
a
c
a
c
+
<
+
=1
a+ b+ c c+ d+ a a+ c a+ c
23

Vy Amin = 5.

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
3

1 a 2

3
b 2

Trn S Tng

Mt khc:

+
+

a
3a
b

a
3c
c

+
=

c
3a
a

(3)

b
c
1
1
1
a
3 a + b + c a + b + c
3
3 3
3
3
3
1
Du = xy ra a = b = c = .
3
11. (H Nng khi A 2001 t 2)
Hay

a b-1 b a -1
+
1
ab
ab

Theo BT Csi ta c:

3c
a

(4)
3
3
3
3
3
3c
Cng (1), (2), (3), (4) v theo v ta c:
b
c
1
1
a
1
3 a + b + c (a + b + c) a + b + c
3
3
3
3
3
3

a 2 b 2 c 2 a b c
Suy ra: + + + +
b c a
b
c
a
17. (H Thi Nguyn khi D 2001)
BT (*)

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
c

3
+ +
2 b
c
a
2

Cng 4 BT trn, v theo v, ta c:

3
3
3

3 a 2 b 2 c 2 3 3 a b c 3
+ + + + + +
2 b
2 2 b c a 2
c
a

Trn S Tng

3
c 2

1
1
1
1
1+
11
b b
a a
1
1
+ 1-
1
1 b b 1
1
=
b b
2
2

(1)

1
1
+ 1-
1
1 a a 1
1
=
a a
2
2
Cng 2 BT li ta c BT cn chng minh.
1 1
1
b = 1- b = 2
a = b = 2.
Du = xy ra
1 = 1- 1 = 1
a
a 2
18. (H Vinh khi A, B 2001)
Ta c: 3 2a = a + b + c 2a = b + c a > 0.
Do theo BT Csi ta c:

a b
a b
a 3 b 3 a b
T gi thit ta c:
+ = 1 0 < , < 1 + > + = 1
c c
c c
c c
c
c
28

b2 + c2

a
1- a 2

a2
a(1- a2 )

(1)

3
2a2 + (1- a2 ) + (1- a2 )
2
M 2a .(1 a )
=

3
3

4
2
2
2 2
2
a .(1 a )
a(1 a )
(2)
27
3 3
2

2 2

a
2

b +c

3 3 2
a
2

b
c
3 3 2
3 3
+

(a + b2 + c2 ) =
2
2
c2 + a2 a2 + b2
2
2
2a = 1- a

1
Du = xy ra 2b2 = 1- b2 a = b = c =
.
3
2
2
2c = 1- c
12. (H Kin trc HN 2001)
a2 + b2 + c2 = 2
(a + b)2 - 2ab = 2 - c 2
Ta c:

c(a + b) + ab = 1
ab + bc + ca = 1
Do :

T (1), (2) suy ra:

3 - 2a + 3 - 2b + 3 - 2c
(3 2a)(3 2b)(3 2c)
=1
3

27 9(2a + 2b + 2c) + 3(4ab + 4bc + 4ca) 8abc 1

27 54 + 12(ab + bc + ca) 8abc 1
4abc 6(ab + bc + ca) 14
2
2
2
2
2
2
3(a + b + c ) + 4abc 3(a + b + c ) + 6(ab + bc + ca) 14
2
= 3(a + b +c) 14 = 13
ng thc xy ra 3 2a = 3 2b = 3 2c a = b = c = 1.
19. (H Y Thi Bnh khi A 2001)
2

Do a + b + c = 1 nn

(v a + b + c = 1)

b2 + c 2

a + b = S 2
Ta xem y l h phng trnh ca a, b v t
(S 4P 0)
ab = P
Ta c h:

S2 - 2P = 2 - c2 (1)

(2)
cS+P =1

T (2) P = 1 cS, thay vo (1) ta c:

25

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng

S = -c - 2
2
2
2
2
S 2(1 cS) = 2 c S + 2cS + c 4 = 0
S = -c + 2
2
Vi S = c 2 P = 1 + c(c + 2) = c + 2c + 1
2
2
2
BT: S 4P 0 (c 2) 4(c + 2c + 1) 0
4
2
3c 4c 0
- c 0 (3)
3
2
Vi S = c + 2 P = 1 c(c + 2) = c 2c + 1
2
2
2
BT: S 4P 0 (c + 2) 4(c 2c + 1) 0
4
2
3c + 4c 0
0c
(4)
3
4
4
T (3), (4) ta c:
- c
3
3
4
4
Tng t ta chng minh c: - a,b,c
3
3
13. (Hc vin NH TPHCM khi A 2001)
Trc ht, ta d dng chng minh c nu x, y > 0 th:
1 1
4
+
(1)
x y x+y
Du = xy ra x = y.
1
1
4
4
p dng (1) ta c:
+

=
p-a p-b p-a+p-b c
1
1
4
4
+

=
p-b p- c p-b+p-c a
1
1
4
4
+

=
p-c p-a p-c+p- a b
Cng 3 BT trn v theo v, ta c:
1
1
1
1 1 1
2
+
+
4 + + pcm
a b c
p- a p-b p-c
Du = xy ra a = b = c.
14. (H Nng nghip I HN khi A 2001)
3
2
p dng BT Csi cho 2 s dng x , y ta c:
2 x
2 x
1
3
2

=
x + y 2 x3 y2 = 2xy x 3
2
2xy x xy
x +y
p dng BT Csi cho 2 s dng

1
x

,
2

26

1
y2

ta c:

Trn S Tng

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

1 1 1
1
2 x
1 1
1
2 + 2 3
2 + 2
2

xy 2 x
2 x
y
x +y
y
Tng t ta cng c:
2 y
1 1
1
2 z
1 1
1
2 + 2 ; 3
2 + 2
3
2
2

2
2
y +z
z z +x
x
z
y
Suy ra:

2 x
3

x +y

2 y
3

y +z

2 z
3

z +x

1
x

1
y

1
z2

x3 = y2
y3 = z2
z3 = x2
Du = xy ra
va
va
x=y=z=1
x = y
y = z
z = x
15. (H PCCC khi A 2001)
Trc ht ch rng nu a > 1, x > 1 th hm s y = loga x l ng bin
v dng.
1
Do hm s y = logxa =
l nghch bin.
loga x
V vai tr ca a, b, c l nh nhau, nn ta c th gi thit a b c. Ta
c:
VT= logb+ c a + logc+ a b + loga +b c loga +b a + loga +b b + loga+ b c = loga +b abc
V a, b, c 2 nn abc 2ab = ab + ab > a + b
Do VT loga+babc > loga+b(a + b) = 1.
16. (H Quc gia HN khi D 2001)
Xt f(x) = xa ax + a 1 (x 0)
1
f(x) = a(xa 1);
f(x) = 0 x = 1

Vy vi "x 0 v a > 1 th f(x) 0 hay xa + a 1 ax.

BT cn chng minh:
3

a 2 b 2 c 2 a b c
+ + + +
b c a
b
c
a
3
p dng BT chng minh vi a = , ta c:
2
3

a 2 1 3 a
b 2 1 3 b
+ . ;
+ . ;
b
2
2
b
2 2 c

c
Mt khc, theo BT Csi ta c:
27

c 2 1 3 c
+ .
2 2 a
a

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
Trn S Tng
31. (CSP Nh tr Mu gio T I 2000)

y 2 z2 x 2
z2 x 2 y 2
BT cn chng minh 1+ 2 + 2 + 2 + 1+ 2 + 2 + 2 + 1 9

x
x y
y z
z

y 2 z2 x 2 z2 x 2 y 2
3 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 9
x
x y
y z
z

32. (H Y Dc TP HCM 1999)

p dng BT Csi ta c:
*
*

a2

b
a

b2
c

c2
a

33

a
+ 1 2 ;
b
b

b
+ 1 2 ;
c
c

a2

a2 b2 c2
. .
=3
b2 c2 a2

b2

(1)
c

+ 1 2

c
a

c2

a2

b2

c2

a b c
+ +
b c a
b
c
a
33. (H Hng hi 1999)
2

Do (x 1) 0 nn x + 1 2x
2y

Tng t ta cng c:
2x

Do :

1+ x
x

(2)

1+ y
2y

1+ y

2x
1+ x 2

1;

2z
1 + z2

1
2z
1 + z2

3
2

3
(1+ x) + (1+ y) + (1+ z)
2
3 (1+ x)(1+ y)(1+ z)
1
1
1
3
+
+
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
32

2
+ b3

2
c3

T suy ra:
>
20. (HQG HN khi A 2000)
a
b
c
t x = 2 , y = 2 , z = 2 th x, y, z > 0.
a+b+c
.kin a + b + c = 0 xyz = 2
= 1, do theo BT Csi: x + y + z 3
3
3
Mt khc: x + 1 + 1 3x x 3x 2
3
3
Tng t: y 3y 2; z 3z 2
3
3
3
x + y + z 3(x + y + z) 6 = (x + y + z) + 2(x + y + z 3) x + y + z
a
b
c
a
b
c
8 +8 +8 2 +2 +2
21. (HQG HN khi D 2000)
b2 + 2a2
=
ab

b2 + 2a2

1
1
=
+ 2. 2
a2b2
a2
b
1
1
1
th
t x = ; y = ; z =
a
b
c
a,b,c > 0
x,y,z > 0
gi thit

ab + bc + ca = abc
x + y + z = 1
v pcm x2 + 2y2 + y2 + 2z2 + z2 + 2x2 3
Theo BT Bunhiacopxki ta c:
2
2
2
2
2
2
3(x + 2y ) = 3(x + y + y ) (x + y + y)
1

x2 + 2y2
(x + 2y)
3
Vit 2 BT tng t, ri cng li, ta c:
1
x2 + 2y2 + y2 + 2z2 + z2 + 2x2
(3x + 3y + 3z) = 3
3
1
ng thc xy ra x = y = z =
a=b=c=3
3
22. (H Bch khoa HN khi A 2000)
3

a3 + b3 a + b
3
3
3

4(a + b ) (a + b)
2
2
2
2
2
2
(a + b) [4(a + b ab) (a + b + 2ab)] 0
2
2
2
(a + b)(3a + 3b 6ab) 0 (a + b)(a b) 0
BT cui cng ny ng, nn BT cn chng minh l ng.
ng thc xy ra a = b.
23. (HSP TP HCM khi DE 2000)
2
2
2
2
2
2
a) a + b 2ab; b + c 2bc; c + a 2ca
2
2
2
a + b + c ab + bc + ca.
ng thc xy ra a = b = c
2
2
2
2
b) (ab + bc + ca) = (ab) + (bc) + (ca) + 2(abbc + bcca + caab)
abbc + bcca + caab + 2abc(a + b + c) = 3abc(a + b + c)
24. (H Nng nghip I khi A 2000)
29
Ta c:

(1)
1+ x
1+ y
1+ z
p dng BT Csi cho 3 s khng m ta c:
1
1
1
+
+
1
1
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
3
=
3
(1+ x)(1+ y)(1+ z) 3 (1+ x)(1+ y)(1+ z)
Hay:

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2
a3

Ta c:

a b c
2 + 2 + 2 2 + + - 3
b c a
b
c
a
Kt hp (1) v (2) ta c:
a2 b2 c2
a b c
2 2 + 2 + 2 2 + +
b

b c a
c
a

Trn S Tng

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng

1
2
1
a
Ta c: 2
=
=
=
a b + a2c a2 (b + c) a2 1 + 1 1 + 1
b c b c

bc

bc

1
1
1
;y= ; z=
th
a
b
c
a, b, c > 0
x,y,z > 0
x2
y2
z2
gi thit

v P =
+
+
y+z z+x x+y
abc = 1
xyz=1
Theo BT Bunhiacopxki ta c:

t x =

x
y
z
(y + z + z + x + x + y).P y + z.
+ z + x.
+ x + y.

y+z
z+x
x + y

1
1
1
2
2(x + y + z).P (x + y + z) P (x + y + z) .33 xyz = .3
2
2
2
3
P
2
3
Nu P =
th x = y = z = 1 a = b = c = 1
2
3
3
o li, nu a = b = c = 1 th P = . Vy minP =
2
2
25. (H Thu li II 2000)
(a + 1).(b + 1).(c + 1) = 1 + a + b + c + ab + bc + ca + abc

1 + 3 3 abc + 3 a2b2c2 + abc = 1+ 3 abc

ng thc xy ra a = b = c > 0.
26. (H Y HN 2000)

2+ 3

x+y

(
Gi tr

2 3
3
=
. x+
. y + (x + y) = 6(x + y)
x

y
x y

2+ 3

2+ 3

Vy min(x + y) =

2
3

: x=
: y

x =
y
x

t c

2+ 3
y =
x + y =
6

5+ 2 6
6

v xy + yz + zx 3 3 x2y2z2
(2)
Nhn cc BT (1) v (2) v theo v ta c:
2(xy + yz + zx) 18xyz
(3)
Mt khc ta c: xyz(xy + yz + zx) > 0
(4)
Cng cc BT (3) v (4) v theo v ta c:
(xy + yz + zx)(2 + xyz) > 18xyz xy + yz + zx >

29. (H An Ninh khi A 2000)

4
3
4
3
Ta c: 3 = 81, 4 = 64 3 > 4 BT cn chng minh ng vi n = 3.
n

1
n + 1

Vi n > 3, pcm n >

1+ < n
n
n

1+ =
n

Ta c:

Ckn nk

(1)

k=0

n n(n - 1) 1
n(n - 1)...(n - n + 1) 1
. + ... +
. n
+
n
2! n2
n!
n
1
1
1
1 2 n - 1
=1+1+
1- + ... + 1- 1- ... 1 <
2! n
n! n n
n
1
1
1
1
<1+1+
+ ... +
< 1 + 1 + + ... + n-1 <
2!
n!
2
2
1
1
1
< 1 + 1 + + ... + n-1 + = 1 +
=3
1
2
2
12
=1+

2( 2 + 3)
6
3( 2 + 3)
6

1+ < 3 < n (1)

n
30. (CSP Nha Trang 2000)
p dng BT Bunhiacopxki cho hai cp s (1, 1), ( a + 1, b + 1 ), ta c:
A = 1. a + 1 + 1. b + 1
m a + b = 1 nn A
Du = xy ra
Vy maxA =

30

18xyz
(v 2 +xyz > 0)
2 + xyz

6
2

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
27. (H An Giang khi D 2000)
c
c
c+1
c+1
c1
c1
Gi s a b 0 a (a b) b (a b) a
+b
ab(a
+b )
28. (H Ty Nguyn khi AB 2000)
p dng BT Csi cho 6 s dng ta c:
2 = x + y + z + x + y + z 6 3 xyz
(1)

(1+ 1)(a + 1+ b + 1)

a+1= b+1 a = b a = b =

6 khi a = b =

1
2
31

1
( do a + b = 1)
2

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
t Q(t) = 9t +

Trn S Tng

9
9
1
1
Q(t) = 9 2 < 0, "t 0; Q(t) gim trn 0;
t
9
9
t

1
Q(t) Q = 82. Vy P Q(t) 82
9
1
Du "=" xy ra x = y = z = .
3
Cch 2: Ta c:
2

1 1 1
1 1 1
2
2
2
(x + y + z) + + + = 81(x + y + z) + + + 80(x + y + z)
x y z
x y z
1 1 1
2
18(x + y + z). + + 80(x + y + z) 162 80 = 82
x y z
Vy P

82

Du "=" xy ra x = y = z =

1
.
3

40. (i hc khi A 2003 d b 1)

5
Tm max:
y = sin x +
Ta chng minh:

3 cosx sin x +

3 cosx

sin x +

3 (1 cosx) sin x 0
4

3 cosx

(1)

3 , "x R

(2)

3 (1 cosx) (1 cos x) 0
2

(1 cosx).[ 3 (1 cosx)(1 + cosx) ] 0

(3)
Theo BT Csi ta c:
1
(1 cosx)(1 + cosx)(1 + cosx) = (2 2cosx)(1 + cosx)(1 + cosx)
2
2

Vy BT (3) ng (2) ng y
x = k2p. Vy maxy =
5

3 , "x. Du = xy ra khi cosx = 1

3 cosx sin x +
4

Tng t nh trn, ta c miny =

41. (i hc khi A 2003 d b 2)

3 cosx.

3 , t c khi x = p + k2p.

(a + b + c)(b + c - a)
(b + c)2 - a2
2bc(1+ cos A)
1
1
1
bc
bc
bc

A
3
A 1
A 3

sin2 sin
(do 0 <
2 4
2 4
2
2
Bin i v tri ca (2) nh sau:
A
B
C 1
A
B-C
B+C
sin sin sin = sin cos
- cos

2
2
2 2
2
2
2
cos2

36

A p
< )
2 2

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

3
1
1
1

+
+
(2)
2 1 + x 1+ y 1+ z
Kt hp (1) v (2) ta c BT cn chng minh.
34. (H An ninh HN khi D 1999)
2
3
2
3
2
3
V 0 x, y, z 1 nn x x ; y y ; z z .
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Suy ra: 2(x + y + z ) (x y + y z + z x) 2(x + y + z ) (x y + y z + z x)
Do nu ta chng minh c:
2
2
2
2
2
2
2(x + y + z ) (x y + y z + z x) 3
(1)
th (*) ng.
2
2
2
2
Ta c:
(1 y)(1 + y x ) 0 x + y x y 1 0 (2)
y = 1

Du = (2) xy ra x = 1
y = 0
2
2
2
Tng t ta cng c:
x +z zx10
(3)
2
2
2
y +z yz10
(4)
Cng (2), (3), (4) v theo v ta c:
2
2
2
2
2
2
2(x + y + z ) (x y + y z + z x) 3
Vy (1) ng (*) ng
Nhn xt: Du = (*) xy ra (x; y; z) {(1;1;1),(1;1;0),(1;0;1),(0;1;1)}

35. (i hc 2002 d b 1)
x+ y+ z=

1
a

. ax +

1
b

. by +

1 1 1
a + b + c .2S =

1
c

(3)

1
A
A
sin 1- sin =
2
2
2

. cz

1 1 1
a + b + c (ax+by+cz)

1 1 1 abc
a + b + c 2R =

ab + bc + ca
2R

a2 + b2 + c2
2R
DABC eu
a = b = c
Du = xy ra

x
=
y
=
z

M trung vi trong tam G cua DABC

36. (i hc 2002 d b 3)
1 1 1 1 1
5
5.5
Cch 1: S = + + + +

=5

x x x x 4y 5 x.x.x.x.4y
x + x + x + x + 4y

3.

Tm min: Ta c y = sin x +

(1)

1 4
32
< 3
=
2 3
27

Trn S Tng

1
1
x = 4y
x = 1

minS = 5 x = 4y

1
y = 4

5
x + y =
4

33

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
Cch 2: S =

Trn S Tng

4
1
+
= f(x),
x 5 - 4x

0<x<

5
4

x2 = (5 - 4x)2

f(x) = - 2 +
; f(x) = 0
x=1
5
2
x
(5 - 4x)
0 < x <

4
Lp bng xt du f(x), suy ra minS = 5.
1
2
1
4 1
x + y.
+
(3)
Cch 3: 2 + = x.
+ y.
x 4y
2
x
2 y
4

1
2
=
x = 4y
x = 1

x. x 2 y. y

Du = (3) xy ra

5
1
5
x + y = 4
y = 4

x + y = 4
2

5 4 1
4 1
5
(3) . +
5
+
4 x 4y
x 4y
2
Vy minS = 5.
37. (i hc 2002 d b 5)
V a 1, d 50 v c > b (c, b N) nn c b + 1 thnh th:
a c
1 b + 1 b2 + b + 50
+ +
=
b d
b 50
50b
Vy BT ca ra c chng minh.
a = 1

Du = xy ra d = 50

c = b + 1
S=

tm minS, ta t
lin tc x:
f(x) =

b2 + b + 50
b 1 1
=
+ +
v xt hm s c bin s
50b
50 b 50

x 1 1
+ +
(2 x 48)
50 x 50

1
1 x2 - 50
;
- 2 =
50 x
50x 2
Bng bin thin:
f(x) =

x2 = 50
f(x) = 0
x=5 2
2 x 48
5 2

Trn S Tng
Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
T BBT suy ra khi b bin thin t 2 n 7, f(b) gim ri chuyn sang tng
khi b bin thin t 8 n 48. Suy ra minf(b) = min[f(7); f(8)].
49 + 57
53
64 + 58
61
53
Ta c f(7) =
=
;
f(8) =
=
>
350
175
400
200 175
a = 1
b = 7
53

Vy minS =
khi
175
c = 8
d = 50
38. (i hc 2002 d b 6)
1
1
1
Ta c din tch tam gic: S = aha = bhb = chc
2
2
2
2S
2S
2S
ha =
; hb =
; hc =
a
b
c
1
1
1
1

+
+
=
(a + b + c)
ha hb hc 2S
1
1
1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1
+ +
+
+
(a + b + c) + +
=
a b c ha hb hc 2S
a b c
1 1 1
p dng BT Csi ta c: (a + b + c) + + 9
a b c
1
1 9
3
1 1 1 1
, nn ta c: + +
+
+
=3
2
a b c ha hb hc 3
39. (i hc khi A 2003)
r r
r r
r r
Vi mi u,v ta c: u + v u + v (*)
v v S =

r 1 r 1 r 1
a = x; ; b = y; ; c = z;
x
z
y
r r r
r r r
r r r
p dng bt ng thc (*), ta c: a + b + c a + b + c a + b + c

Vy P = x +

1
x2

+ y +

1
y2

+ z +

b2 + b + 50
(2 b 48, b N)
50b
34

z2

1 1 1
(x + y + z) + + +
x y z
2

Cch 1:
2

1 1 1
Ta c: P (x + y + z) + + +
x y z
2

Chuyn v biu thc f(b) =

33

1
x+ y+z
vi t = (3 xyz)2 0 < t

3
9

35

xyz

1
9
+ 33
= 9t +
xyz
t

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
49. (i hc khi D 2005 d b 2)

Trn S Tng

z2
1+ x
z2 1 + x
+
2
.
=z
1+ x
4
1+ x 4
Cng 3 bt ng thc trn, v theo v, ta c:
x2
1+ y y 2
1+ z z 2
1+ x
+
+
+

+
+
x+y+z
4 1+ z
4 1+ x
4
1+ y

x2
y2
z2
3 x+y+z
3(x + y + z) 3
+
+
- +x+y+z
4
4
1 + y 1+ z 1 + x
4
4
3
3 9 3 3
.3 - = - = (v x + y + z 3 3 xyz = 3)
4
4 4 4 2
x2
y2
z2
3
+
+
.
Vy:
1 + y 1+ z 1 + x 2
50. (i hc khi A 2006)
Cch 1:
1 1
1
1
1
.
T gi thit suy ra: + = 2 + 2 x y x
xy
y

1
1
2
2
= a, = b, ta c: a + b = a + b ab
x
y
3
3
2
2
2
A = a + b = (a + b)(a ab + b ) = (a + b)
2
T (1) suy ra: a + b = (a + b) 3ab.
t

(1)

1
y

x3 + y3
3 3

x y

(x + y)(x2 + y2 - xy)
3 3

x y

40

(x + y)2 xy
3 3

x y

B-C

cos 2 = 1 A = 1200
Du = xy ra

0
sin A = 3
B = C = 30

2
2
42. (i hc khi A 2005)
Vi a, b > 0 ta c:
1
a+b
1
1 1 1
2
4ab (a + b)

+
a + b 4ab
a + b 4 a b
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi a = b.
p dng kt qu trn ta c:
1
1 1
1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
1

+
+
+ + = +

2x+y+z 4 2x y + z
8 x 2y 2z
4 2x 4 y z
Tng t:
1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1

+
+
+ + = +
x + 2y + z 4 2y x + z 4 2y 4 x z
8 y 2z
1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1

+
+
+ + = +
x + y + 2z 4 2z x + y 4 2z 4 x y
8 z 2x

(1)

1
(2)
2x
1
(3)
2y

Vy:

S2
2
Ta c: SP = S 3P P =
S+ 3
+

2 3-3
8

1
1
1
1 1 1
+
+
+
+ 1 = 1
2x+y+z x + 2y + z x + y + 2z 4 x yz
Ta thy trong cc bt ng thc (1), (2), (3) th du "=" xy ra khi v ch
khi
3
x = y = z. Vy ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi x = y = z = .
4
43. (i hc khi B 2005)
p dng bt ng thc Csi cho 2 s dng ta c:

3
a + b
2
2
V ab
nn a + b (a + b) 4 (a + b)
2
2
(a + b) 4(a + b) 0 0 a + b 4
2
Suy ra: A = (a + b) 16
1
Vi x = y =
th A = 16. Vy gi tr ln nht ca A l 16.
2
Cch 2:
2
t S = x + y, P = xy vi S 4P 0. T gi thit S, P 0.

2
1 2 A
A
1
A 1
1
1 1
A 1
sin
sin
=

sin

=
sin

2
2 2
4
2
2
2
8 2
2 2

A
B
C 1 1 3 1
1 1
Do (3) suy ra: sin sin sin -
- = - (4 - 2 3)

2
2
2 8 2 2 2
8 8

y
1+ z
y 1+ z
+
2
.
=y
1+ z
4
1+ z 4

A=

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2

x
1+ y
x 1+ y
+
2
.
=x
1+ y
4
1+ y 4

Ta c:

Trn S Tng

(x + y)2
2 2

x y

12
15
12
5 + 4 2 5



Tng t ta c:
x

15
.
4

12
20
x
+
2.4
5
3

12
15
x
+ 2.3
5
4
x

15
20
x
+
2.5
4
3

(2)
37

(1)

(3)

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
Trn S Tng
Cng cc bt ng thc (1), (2), (3), chia 2 v ca bt ng thc nhn
c cho 2 ta c pcm.
ng thc xy ra (1), (2), (3) l cc ng thc x = 0.
44. (i hc khi D 2005)
p dng bt ng thc Csi cho 3 s dng ta c:
1+ x 3 + y 3

xy

1 + x + y 3 3 1.x3 .y3 = 3xy

3

1 + y 3 + z3

yz

Tng t:

Mt khc
3

xy
3

yz
3

3
3

zx

1+ z3 + x3

zx

(2);

yz
33

3 3

3
xy

xy

yz

zx

(1)
3
zx

(3)

xy
yz
zx
Cng cc bt ng thc (1), (2), (3), (4) ta c pcm.
ng thc xy ra (1), (2), (3), (4) l cc ng thc x = y = z = 1.
45. (i hc khi A 2005 d b 1)
x

3+4 =1+1+1+4 4 4

Ta c:

Tng t:
Vy

3+ 4 2
8

38
8
8
8
3 + 4x + 3 + 4y + 3 + 4z 2 4x + 4y + 4z 6 4x.4y.4z

24

4x + y + z = 6

46. (i hc khi A 2005 d b 2)

Ta c:

1+x=1+
1+

1+

9
y

x x x
x3
+ + 44 3
3 3 3
3

y
y
y
y
y3
=1+
+
+
44 3 3
3x 3x 3x
x
3 x

=1+

3
y

3
y

3
y

44

33
y3

9
36
1+
164 3

y
y

y
9
x3 y3 36

Vy: (1+ x ) 1+ 1+
256 4 3 . 3 3 . 3 = 256

x
y

3 3 x y
47. (i hc khi B 2005 d b 1)
Cch 1:
38

t x =
z=
3

a + 3b x = a + 3b;

c + 3a z = c + 3a

y=

b + 3c y = b + 3c;
3

x + y + z = 4(a + b + c) = 4.

3
= 3. BT cn ch. minh x + y + z 3
4

Ta c: x + 1 + 1 3 x3 .1.1 = 3x; y + 1 + 1 3 3 y3 .1.1 = 3y;

3

3 + 4z 2 4z

3+ 4 2 4 ;

a + 3b + 1+ 1 1
= (a + 3b + 2)
3
3
3 (b + 3c).1.1 b + 3c + 1+ 1 = 1 (b + 3c + 2)
3
3
3 (c + 3a).1.1 c + 3a + 1+ 1 = 1 (c + 3a + 2)
3
3
1
1 3

Suy ra: 3 a + 3b + 3 b + 3c + 3 c + 3a [ 4(a + b + c) + 6] 4. + 6 = 3

3
3 4

1
a + b + c =
Du "=" xy ra
a=b=c=
4
4
a + 3b = b + 3c = c + 3a=1
3 (a + 3b).1.1

Ta c:

z + 1 + 1 3 z3 .1.1 = 3z
3
3
3
9 3(x + y + z) (v x + y + z = 3)
Vy x + y + z 3

4 =2 4

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Cch 2:

(4)

Trn S Tng

x 3 = y 3 = z3 = 1
a + 3b = b + 3c = c + 3a=1

Du "=" xy ra

3
3
a+b+c= 4
a + b + c =
4

1
a=b=c=
4
48. (i hc khi B 2005 d b 2)
2
Ta c: 0 x 1 x x
1
1
x y -y x x y +y x
(1)
4
4
1
1
1
1
Theo BT Csi ta c: y x + yx2 + 2 yx2 . = x y x y - y x
4
4
4
4

0 y x 1

Du "=" xy ra x = x2

1
yx2 =

x = 1

1
y = 4
39

Trn S Tng

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng
A=

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc
2

S+ 3
=

S
P
2

k: S 4P 0 S

S-1
4S2
S-1
2
0 S S + 3 0
0 (v S0)
S+ 3
S+ 3

S < -3

(*)
S 1
S+ 3
-3
t h = f(S) =
h = 2 < 0, "S tho (*)
S
S

T bng bin thin, ta c: 0 < h 4 v h 1, "S tho (*).

1
1
(S = 1, P = ).
M A = h MaxA = 16 khi x = y =
2
4
Cch 3:
2

y
3y 2
1 1 x+y

(x + y)xy = x - +
>0 + =
>0
2
4
x y
xy

A=

1
x

1
y

x3 + y3
3 3

x y

1 1
= +
x y

A=

1 1
+
x y

a3 + b3
a + b
D chng minh c:
(vi a + b > 0)

2
2
du "=" xy ra khi a = b.
1
1
p dng vi a = , b = , ta c:
x
y
3

3
1
1
1 1
3
+
+
x y
x
y A A A 16.

2
2
2
2

1 1
Du "=" xy ra khi = = 2 . Vy Max A = 16.
x y
Cch 4:

A=

43

S2
2

, suy ra

A=

S
3S
= 2
P S - SP
41

Tuyn tp Bt ng thc

Trn S Tng
P
1S2 - SP
P 1
2
2
2
S 4P 0 S 4
0 1- 4 S 0

(chia cho S )
3
3
S 4
Nn: A =

S2
2

16. Vy Max A = 16 (khi x = y =

P
51. (i hc khi B 2006)
Trong mpOxy, xt M(x 1; y), N(x + 1; y).
Do OM + ON MN nn:

( x - 1)2 + y2 + ( x + 1)2 + y2

1
).
2

4 + 4y2 = 2 1+ y2

Do : A 2 1+ y 2 + y - 2 = f(y)
Vi y 2 f(y) = 2 1+ y2 + 2 y f(y) =

2y
y2 + 1

y 0
1
1+ y 2 2
y=
2
3
4y = 1+ y
Do ta c bng bin thin nh trn
f(y) = 0 2y =

Vi y 2 f(y) 2 1+ y2 2 5 > 2 +
3 vi mi s thc x, y.
1
th A = 2 + 3
Khi x = 0 v y =
3

Vy A 2 +

Nn gi tr nh nht ca A l 2 +

3.

42

3.