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Report No.

25175-EGT

ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT COST ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION Sector Note


June 29, 2002

Rural Development, Water and Environment Department Middle East and North Africa Region The World Bank

RABIC VERSION

Document of the World Bank


Unofficial translation of the authentic English version

Currency Equivalents (Exchange rate effective June 13, 2002) Currency Unit = Egyptian pound (LE) US$1.00 =4.61 LE

Fi~scal Year, July 1 - June 30

Vice-President: Country Director: Sector Director: Sector Manager: Task Team Leader:

Jean-Louis Sarbib Mahmood Ayub Letitia A. Obeng Salah Darghouth Maria Sarraf

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