S GD & T TNH KHNH HA TRNG THPT NGUYN CH THANH

------- ------H tn GV hng dn : Mai Hng Hnh Tho H tn SV thc tp : Hong Th Thu Tho SV ca trng i hc : H Quy Nhn Ngy son : Ngy 12/03/2011 Tit dy : Tit 2 T chuyn mn : T Ha - Sinh Mn dy : Ha Nm hc : 2010-2011 Th/ngy ln lp: th 3/15/03/2011 Lp dy : 10A7

Bai 45: HP CHT C OXI CA LU HUNH (Phn : Axit Sunfuric ) I/Mc tiu: 1. Ve kien thc: Hoc sinh biet : - Dung dch H2SO4 loang co ay u tnh chat cua mot axit. - H2SO4 ac, nong co tnh chat oxi hoa manh goc axit. - ng dng cua H2SO4. - San xuat H2SO4 trong cong nghiep. Hoc sinh hieu : - Dung dch H2SO4 loang co tnh axit the hien ion H+ trong phan t H2SO4 . - H2SO4 ac, nong co tnh chat oxi hoa manh gay ra bi goc SO 42 trong o S co so oxi hoa cao nhat (+6). 2. Ve k nang - Viet PTHH cua cac phan ng trong o H2SO4 ac, nong oxi hoa c ca kim loai ng sau H trong Day hoat ong hoa hoc cua kim loai. - Viet PTHH cua phan ng trong o H2SO4 ac, nong oxi hoa mot so phi kim. II/Chun b: - Chun b video Cu tc dng vi H2SO4c, HI tc dng vi H2SO4c,ng tc dng vi H2SO4c. - Chun b hnh nh ng dng ca H2SO4. III/ Hot ng dy hc : 1. On nh lp :n nh lp,kim tra s s. 2. Kiem tra bai cu : (3ph) Neu tnh chat hoa hoc ac trng cua SO2? Viet PTHH minh hoa. 3 . Noi dung bai giang: (1ph) *Dn : Mt hp cht cha oxi ca lu hunh c gi l mu ca ngnh cng nghip- axit sunfuric.Th gii sn xut khong 160 triu tn mi nm p ng s lu thng ca cng nghip.Vy axit sunfuric c nhng tnh cht g m c s dng rng ri nh vy?Chng ta s gii p cu hi trong bi ny mc III(Axit sunfuric). Hoat ong tg Noi dung Hot ng ca HS cua GV 5p Hot ng 1: I/LU HUNH IOXIT h HS: GV: S trng thi II/LU HUNH TRIOXXIT

kch thch c bao nhiu e c thn? Oxi,hiro? GV: Vit CTCT ca H2SO4?(Nu CT ph hp vi qui tc bt t) GV: Xc nh s oxi ha ca S trong H2SO4? Hot ng 2: GV: Xem SGK kt hp quan sat lo H2SO4 ac va cho bit mt s tnh cht vt l ca H2SO4? GV: Trnh chiu th nghim. GV: Chn cach pha loang H2SO4 ac da vo tnh cht vt l. GV: Tai sao khong cho nc vao H2SO4 ac khi pha loang ? GV:V axit sunfuric nng hn nc v tan v hn,ta nhiu nhit nn : - Nu cho nc vo axit th nc lp trn b si t ngt,bn ra ngoi gy nguy him. - Nu cho t t axit vo nc th axit chm xung lng cht lng(nc),nhit ta ra c hp th u vo dung dch Hot ng 3: GV:Da vo cu to ca H2SO4,d on tnh cht ha hc ca H2SO4.(gi y cho hs) GV:Nhc li tnh

S: c 6 e c thn O:c 2 e c thn H:c 1 e c thn

H H O S O O O H O S H O O O

III/AXIT SUNFURIC: 1.Cu to phn t:

H H O S O O O H O S H O O O

hay

hay

S oxi ha ca S: +6

- Lin kt CHT phn cc. - S oxi ha ca S trong H2SO4 l : +6 2.Tnh cht vt l : - H2SO4 ac sanh nh dau,khng mu, khong bay hi (H2SO4 98% co D = 1,84 g/cm3 ). - Tan vo han trong nc, toa nhiet mnh. - Nguyn tc pha long: Rt t t axit H2SO4 c vo nc, dng a thy tinh khuy nh. Tuyt i khng c lm ngc li.

10 ph

HS: La chat long sanh nh dau, khong mau, khng bay hi,nng hn nc, tan v hn trong nc.

HS: Cho t t axit vo nc. HS: H2SO4 ac tan tt ong thi toa nhieu nhiet lam nc soi ot ngot keo theo axit ban ra ngoai gay nguy hiem

19 ph

3. Tnh cht ha hc : a) Tnh chat cua dung HS:c tnh axit v tnh dch axit sunfuric oxi ha loang: - Qu tm hoa o HS:-Qu tm ha . - Tac dung KL trc H2 . -Phn ng vi kim loi

cht chung ca mt axit. GV:Cho hc sinh hon thnh cc phn ng trong bng ph.

GV:t vn :axit H2SO4 long khng tc dng vi kim loi sau H trong dy HHH.Cn axit c th sao?D on phn ng gia Cu v H2SO4 c xy ra khng? D on sn phm (nu c)? GV:Trnh chiu th nghim. GV: Xc nh sn phm phn ng?Vit PTHH. GV: Ch : Al,Fe,Cr... b th ng ha trong H2SO4 c,ngui. -Lin h:ngi ta dng thng Al,Cr,Fe cha axit H2SO4 c. GV: Vi nhng kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn th sn phm sinh ra c th l S,H2S. GV:Tnh oxi ha ca axit H2SO4 c cn th hin khi tc dng vi PK nh S, C.Vit phn ng ca S vi axit sunfuric c. GV: Trnh chiu th nghim H2SO4 c tc dng vi dd NaI Quan st, cho bit hin tng v vit PTHH?Xc nh vai tr cc cht.(Vit pt

hot ng: Fe+ H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2 -Phn ng vi baz, oxitbaz: 2NaOH+H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O. -Phn ng vi mt s mui: H2SO4 loang + BaCl2 BaSO4 trang + 2HCl HS: xy ra. Phn ng sinh ra SO2

Tac dung baz va oxit baz - Tac dung dd muoi ca axit yu hn. Fe+ H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2 CuO + H2SO4CuSO4 + H2O 2NaOH+H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O. H2SO4 loang + BaCl2 BaSO4 trang + 2HCl

Cu + 2H2SO4 ac CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

b)Tnh chat cua axit sunfuric ac: - Mang y tnh cht ca mt axit. - Tnh oxi hoa manh: + Tac dung KL : (tr Au,Pt...)
Cu+2H2SO4 ac CuSO4+SO2+2H2O
0 +6 0 +6 +2 +4

3Zn+ 4H2SO4 3ZnSO4+ S+4H2O

0 +6 +2 -2

+2

4Zn+5H2SO44ZnSO4+H2S+4H2O
0 +6 +3 t 2Fe+6H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3+SO2+6 H 2O
)

HS: 3Zn + 4H2SO4 3ZnSO4+ S+4H2O 4Zn + 5H2SO4 4ZnSO4 + H2S + 4 H2O HS: S + 2H2SO4 () t 3SO2+2H2O - Cht kh: S Cht oxi ha: H2SO4
)

Fe+H2SO4 ac nguoi khng p. -Al,Fe,Cr b th ng ha trong H2SO4 c,ngui. Tng qut: +6 M + S Mn+ + SO2(H2S,S) Vi n: ha tr cao nht ca KL. + Tac dung vi PK ( C, P, S)
0 +6
t)

+4 +4

HS: Dung dch sau phn ng c mu vng, lm xanh HTB.

2H2SO4 ac+2NaI I2+SO 2 + 2H2O + Na2SO4

S + 2H2SO4 () 3SO2+2H2O
0 +4 +6

C+2H2SO4 () t CO2+2SO2+ 2H2O

)

- Cht kh: NaI

+ Tc dng hp cht c tnh kh:

-1 +6 0 -2

vi FeO)

GV:T tnh cht vt l th ta thy H2SO4 2FeO+4H2SO4dFe2(SO4)3+SO2+2 ac c tnh ht m v H2O gi l tnh ho HS:C12H22O11 + nc. GV: Trnh chiu th H2SO4 () t 12C + - Tnh hao nc: H2SO4 () . nghim:Cho d Axit sunfuric c chim nc H2SO4 ac vao 11H2O ca mui ngm nc: HS: Do kh CO2 va CuSO4.5H2O CuSO4 coc thuy tinh SO2 thoat ra ay Chim H v O( thnh phn ca cha saccaroz . Giai than ra khoi coc. nc) trong cacbohirat. C12H22O11 + H2SO4 () t thch s trao 12C + H2SO4 () . 11H2O len cua than? Cn(H2O)m+H2SO4 ()nC+ GV: V c tnh ho mH2O nc mnh nn khi tip xc vi da tht s gy bng nng phi ht sc cn thn. 4p Hot ng 4: 3. ng dung cua h HS: neu ng H2SO4 : GV: yeu cau dung theo SGK. (SGK) HS phn tch s ng dung H2SO4. GV: V c nhiu ng dng trong nhiu lnh vc m axit sunfuric c coi l mu ca ngnh cng nghip. 4.Cng c: (3ph) - Axit sunfuric c c tnh oxi ha mnh, th hin trong nhng phn ng no? Hon thnh s phn ng sau: FeS2 SSO2SO3 H2SO4 - Lm bi tp 2/SGK. - Nhc nh HS lm bi tp.
0 0

Cht oxi ha: H2SO4 8HI +H2SO4 4I2 +H2S +4H2O 2FeO + 4H2SO4 +2 +6 +3 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 +2H2O +4

IV. Rt kinh nghim, b sung: V. Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn: ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. .......... Ngy......thng........nm 2011 Ngy.........thng........nm 2011
DUYT GIO N CA GIO VIN HNG DN SINH VIN THC TP