TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 3(32).

2009

NGHIN CU QUN L MNG LI IN TRUNG TH TP. NNG BNG GIS

STUDY ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE MEDIUM VOLTAGE NETWORK WITH GIS IN DANANG CITY Trn Vinh Tnh Dng Minh Qun
Trng i hc Bch khoa, i hc Nng
TM TT H thng thng tin a l (GIS) s dng my tnh qun l c s d liu, cung cp cc thao tc x l d liu h tr ngi s dng thc hin cc tc nghip, cung cp thng tin h tr ra quyt nh. ng dng GIS phc v cho mt s ngnh ca nc ta ni chung v Tp. Nng ni ring hin nay v trong tng lai, trong c ngnh in. Bi bo tp trung nghin cu thit k m hnh GIS 6 thnh phn, sau ci t m hnh d liu GIS, ng dng thit k v ci t chng trnh khai thc d liu vi chc nng: hin th, cp nht, truy vn nhm phc v cho cng tc qun l vn hnh mng li in trung th Tp. Nng. ABSTRACT Geographical Information System (GIS) uses the computer to manage databases and provide manipulations of data processing that helps users carry out network operations and give information in decisions making. To meet the needs of GIS application to some fields including electrical generation in our country in general and in Danang City in particular at the present time as well as in the future, this article is aimed to study the design of six component GIS models, reset the GIS data models and finally design and set a data development programme for displaying, updating and inquiring functions in an attempt to operate and manage the medium voltage network in Danang City.

1. M u H thng thng tin a l (GIS-Geographical Information System) l mt trong nhng cng ngh mi, hin i c ng dng rng ri trong nhiu ngnh, nhiu lnh vc khp ni trn th gii nhm hin i ha cng tc qun l, x l, phn tch, quy hoch v tng cng nng lc cng tc cho b my hnh chnh. i vi ngnh in, hin nay d liu ang b phn tn v hu ht u qun l trn giy t, cha c mt cng c hu hiu phc v cho cng tc qun l vn hnh, ra quyt nh,... V vy, h thng thng tin li in khi c xy dng hon chnh s cung cp y cc thng tin v tt c cc thit b trong h thng, h tr cho cng tc qun l k thut, qun l vn hnh, nhanh chng phc v ra quyt nh. 2. Ni dung 2.1. Tng quan Da trn cc chc nng ca GIS l thu thp d liu, lu tr, phn tch v hin
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 3(32).2009

th. Nhng nghin cu trong v ngoi nc c ng dng trong thc t t c mt s thnh tu ng k trong c nghnh in, c th: - Nm 1993, in lc Liban (Electricit Du Liban - EDL) xy dng bn ng, phc v trong cng tc qun l ca in lc bng cng ngh GIS. D n ny c tn l GISEL (GIS at Electricity of Lebanon) c thi gian thc hin trong 4 nm. Sau khi hon thnh, GISEL cung cp dch v cho hn 800.000 khch hng trong phm vi phc v 10.000 km2. - Cng ty in lc Bangkok, Thailand thc hin d n trin khai ng dng GIS trong h thng truyn ti in. D n thc hin t nm 1996 n nm 2002, c phn ra thnh ba giai on. Tng cng c 15 chi nhnh in lc c ng dng v phm v qun l 2639.91km2. - D n ng dng GIS gim st s c phc v cho 7 Cng ty in lc ca bang New York v B Cng ch (Departement of Public Service - DPS), Hoa K. D n thc hin t nm 1999 n nm 2001. D n ny xy dng h thng GIS gim st s c bao gm: nhn thng tin, x l, phn tch v thng bo cho cc n v lin quan gii quyt s c trong thi gian sm nht, nhanh nht. - Nm 2003, in lc Th c nghin cu v ng dng GIS phc v cng tc qun l tn tht in nng thng qua vic qun l s li in v thng tin khch hng trn phn mm Mapinfo. Kt qu, nm 2003 tn tht l 5% th n nm 2006 tn tht gim xung, ch cn 4,19%. R rng h thng thng tin a l (GIS) ang c ng dng rng ri v em li hiu qu r rt trong ngnh in. Tuy nhin nc ta hu ht cc nghin cu v ng dng mi ch c trin khai trn phn mm Mapinfo, y l phn mm kh ph bin nc ta, d s dng c nhiu tnh nng mnh nhng li mang tnh c nhn. khc phc nhc im trn, bi bo nghin cu s dng phn mm ArcGIS 9 y l cng c mi, linh hot v mnh nht cho GIS i theo n l Oracle 9, y l h qun tr c s d liu ln nhiu ngi dng ph hp vi i a s cc c quan qun l hin nay, tuy nhin tu theo mc ch ta cng c th la chn h qun tr d liu Microsoft Access, y l h qun tr d liu c nhn mnh nht. Mt khc Microsoft Access c ngay trong b Microsoft Office, s dng thnh tho Access s nhanh chng lm quen vi cc h qun tr d liu khc. Ngoi ra, ngn ng lp trnh i km vi ArcGIS 9 l VBA rt gn gi vi mi ngi, to iu kin cho ngi lp trnh d dng xy dng cc cng c phc v chuyn mn hiu qu hn so vi ngn ng MapBasic ca Mapinfo cn tng i mi i vi chng ta. 2.2. Nhng nghin cu l thuyt 2.2.1. M hnh h thng thng tin a l Trong tin trnh xy dng c s h tng thng tin a l, nhiu m hnh h thng c p dng: M hnh 3 thnh phn (phn cng, phn mm, con ngi), m hnh 4 thnh phn (k thut, thng tin, t chc v con ngi), m hnh 5 thnh phn (phn
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 3(32).2009

cng, phn mm, con ngi, d liu v quy trnh), m hnh 6 thnh phn (phn cng, phn mm, t chc, quy trnh, d liu, con ngi). CON NGI

D LIU T CHC

QUY TRNH

PHN CNG 2.2.2. M hnh Geodatabase

PHN MM

Hnh 2.1. Cc thnh phn ca h thng thng tin a l

Geodatabase l m hnh d liu hng i tng h tr trong vic thit k, lu tr d liu GIS thng nht trong mt h qun tr c s d liu. N cha ng d liu vector, raster, thuc tnh, v cc i tng GIS khc. Geodatabase c th c ng dng vi cc m hnh ng dng khc nhau ty theo kch thc d liu v s lng ngi dng. M hnh Geodatabase l m hnh d liu hng i tng. Trong m hnh ny, cc thc th c m t nh cc i tng vi cc thuc tnh, hnh ng, v cc quan h. 2.2.3. Mt s ng dng ca th trong bi ton vn hnh li in Trn c s biu din mng li in di dng th, nhiu thut ton ca l thuyt th c th c ng dng trong cc bi ton vn hnh li in. Ni dung ca bi ton l tm ng i n tt c cc nh ca th xut pht t mt im cho trc. im cho trc chnh l ngun cung cp v ng i n tt c cc nh ca th chnh l chiu ca dng in i n cc u cui tiu th. gii quyt bi ton ny th c th p dng gii thut Dijsktra, Floyd, Bellman, tm ng i ngn nht t nh ban u (source) n tt c cc nh cn li vi gi thit cc cnh u c trng s bng n v, hoc mt s gii thut khc. Bi ton ny c xem l bi ton xui chiu (downstream). Ngc vi bi ton trn l bi ton tm ngun cung cp khi bit ni tiu th hay cn gi l bi ton tm ngc chiu (upstream). gii quyt bi ton ny th c th dng phng php i hng tt c cc cnh trong th v p dng li gii thut trong bi ton xui chiu. Do c trng ca mng in h l u cui tiu th ch c cung cp bi mt ngun, cho nn khi i tt c cc cnh ca th th ngun cung cp thnh h tiu th v h tiu th tr thnh ngun cung cp. c im ca th ny l ch c duy nht mt nh l ni tiu th v tt c cc nh cn li l ngun cung cp v nh vy bi ton ngc dng c gii quyt tng t bi ton xui chiu
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 3(32).2009

2.2.4. C s xy dng chng trnh Demo ni dung ny, bi bo ch trnh by c s l thuyt xy dng cng c c lp ng dy ca mng in trung th trong mt s cc cng c c xy dng trong chng trnh Demo. - Yu cu: Khi ng dy ang vn hnh c th gp cc s c nh chp, chy, ng dy qu ti, trong trng hp ny ta cn bit thit b ng ct no nh hng trc tip n ng dy ct thit b . Cng c cho php ngi s dng chn ng dy cn xc nh thit b ng ct khi chng trnh s t ng hin th thit b no s ct v vng b ct in bng cch i mu. - Phn tch: Khi tuyn dy c chn, chng trnh s kim tra trng thi c in ca tuyn dy. Nu tuyn dy ang c in th chng trnh s tin hnh i mu ca tuyn dy cng cc thit b c lin quan. Ngc li, nu tuyn dy khng c in th mn hnh s xut hin thng bo tuyn dy khng c cp in v do khng cn phi c lp tuyn dy. - Lu gii thut:
Bt u

NSD chn cng c c lp ng dy

Chn on trc/ng dy cn xc nh thit b c lp ng dy

ng dy ang c in? Thay i mu sc vng b ct v thit b cn ct

Thng bo ng dy khng c cp in, khng cn c lp

Kt thc Hnh 2.2. Lu gii thut

3. nh gi kt qu Qua qu trnh nghin cu, tc gi xin a ra mt s kt qu nh sau: - Tp bo co a ra mt s c s l thuyt cho vic xy dng mt h thng GIS phc v trong cng tc qun l ni chung v trong cng tc qun l mng li in ni ring.
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 3(32).2009

- M hnh Geodatabase mng li in trung th c ci t vo h qun tr c s d liu MS access. - Chng trnh Demo c xy dng bng ngn ng VBA trn giao din Arcmap ca Arcinfo 9 Nhn chung ti ng dng GIS vo vic qun l mng li in trung th da trn kt qu nghin cu y v c s l thuyt khoa hc GIS, m hnh c s d liu a l Geodatabase v l thuyt v th ton hc,Cho nn, kt qu nghin cu ca ti c y c s khoa hc v lp lun hp l, xc thc trin khai ng dng. Ngoi nghin cu l thuyt, tc gi xy dng m hnh ng dng trn xut tuyn 474E9 trn a bn Qun Lin Chiu, TP. Nng do chi nhnh in khu vc II qun l. Kt qu cho php xc nh tnh ng n ca qu trnh nghin cu l thuyt ph hp vi mc tiu t ra ca ti. Ngoi kt qu t c nghin cu l thuyt, ti cn nghin cu m hnh thng tin a l ph hp vi in lc TP. Nng: m hnh 6 thnh phn, cc thut gii phc v trong cng tc qun l v vn hnh mng li in trung th. y cng l kt qu ht sc quan trng c ngha thit thc trong vic trin khai ng dng ca ti.

Hnh 3.1. Giao din chnh ca chng trnh.

4. Kt lun V ngha khoa hc, h thng thng tin a l phc v qun l mng li in trung th xy dng theo m hnh 6 thnh phn, y l m hnh ph hp vi quy m v hng pht trin ca in lc Nng. Bi bo gp phn vo vic chun ho v d liu GIS v mng in, cung cp mt s gii thut phn tch GIS ng dng vo trong cc quy trnh vn hnh v qun l mng li in trung th. V ngha x hi, bi bo xy dng mt c s d liu GIS nhm bo dng ti liu, bn , s , ca Cng ty in lc Nng, kt hp vi mt s cng c cp
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 3(32).2009

nht s lm tng gi tr d liu. Vi tnh hnh pht trin hin nay ca c nc ni chung v thnh ph Nng ni ring, ngun nng lng l vn c nh hng rt ln n chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi. Qun l ngun in s dng ti u l bi ton kh gii quyt, ti cung cp mt hng gii quyt cho bi ton ny. Vic trin khai ng dng vo trong thc tin vo trong ngnh in s h tr tch cc vo trong mt s quy trnh tc nghip s nng cao nng sut cng vic, gim gi thnh qun l, vn hnh mng in, nng cao trnh hiu bit cho nhn vin ngnh in trong vic tip cn vi cng ngh mi cng ngh GIS. Da trn nn tng kin thc v d liu hin c ca ti to iu kin thun li cho vic pht trin h thng SCADA phc v cho vic qun l h thng in tt hn, v m rng sang li h th kh phc tp. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] Trn Vnh Phc (2003), GIS i cng, i hc Quc gia Tp.h Ch Minh. [2] TS. Phm Hu c (2006), C s d liu v h thng thng tin a l GIS, Nxb Xy dng. [3] Andrew Macdonald (2001), Buiding a Geodatabase, ESRI. [4] Michael Minami (2001), Using_ArcMap, ESRI. [5] Robert Burke (2001), Getting to know ArcObjects (Programming ArcGIS with VBA), ESRI. Aleta Vienneau (2001), Using_ArcCatalog, ESRI.ESRI (2001), What is ArcGIS?, ESRI.