x + y + xy = m

l h
2 2
x + y = m

(I)

nhn xt: y l h phng trnh i xng loi I tc khi i ch y v x th ta vn c

h pt c, cch lm t x+y=S, xy=P iu kin S2-4P 0 (*) (gii thch v x,y s l
nghim ca pt X 2 SX + P = 0 nn S2-4P 0 chnh l iu kin denta 0 )

S + P = m(1)
thay x+y=S, xy=P ta c h mi II
2
S 2 P = m ( 2)
P= m S
suy ra S + 2 S 3m = 0(a )
2
S 2(m S ) = m
2

h I c nghim th h II phi c nghim S,P tha mn (*)

Suy ra (a) c nghim
Hay denta=1+3m 0 m 1 / 3 khi pt(a) c nghim S1 = 1 +

1 + 3m

S1 = 1 1 + 3m

+) vi S1 = 1 + 1 + 3m ta c P1 = m +1 1 + 3m
T (2) c S 2 2 P = m nn S12 4 P1 = m 2 P1 = m 2 + 2 1 + 3m
S12 4 P1 0 m 2 + 2 1 + 3m 0 2 1 + 3m m + 2 (v m 1 / 3 nn c 2

v ln hn bng 0 c php bnh phng)

4(1 + 3m) m 2 + 4m + 4 m 2 8m 0 0 m 8 kt hp m 1 / 3 ta c

0 m 8
+) vi S 2 = 1

1 + 3m P 2 = m +1 + 1 + 3m

S 2 4 P1 = m 2 P 2 = m 2 2 1 + 3m
2

S 2 2 4 P 2 0 m 2 2 1 + 3m 0 2 1 + 3m m + 2 v l v m 1 / 3 v

phi ln hn 0 m v tri nh hn bng 0

Kt lun vy h I c nghim khi v ch khi 0 m 8
Ch nh: nu vi S2, P2 m ra m nh th no v d: 1 m 9 th em phi ly
hp hai trng hp tc
tha mn (*) l c

0 m 8
1 m 9

v y l hoc c nghim S1,P1 hoc S2,P2

Tip nh:va ri l h i xng loi I

x 3y = 4 y / x
Cn bi
l h i xng loi II tc nu thay v tr x v y cho nhau th
y 3x = 4 xly
phng trnh 2 bin thnh phng trnh 1, phng trnh 1 bin thnh phng trnh
2( thay th xem.keke)
Cch lm: tr v vi v ca hai pt co nhau s ra 1 pt m rt c nhn t (x-y) ra
Nh v d trn, tr v vi v 2 pt nh:trc tin c iu kin x,y khc 0
x-3y-y+3x=4y/x-4x/y
4x-4y=4(y2-x2)/xy
x-y+(x-y)(x+y)/xy=0
(x-y)(1+1/xy)=0
Tng ng x=y hoc xy+1=0
Nu x=y th x-3x=4 hay x=y=-2
Nu xy+1=0 c x=-1/y thay vo c y-3.-1/y=4.(-1/y)/y
Hay y+3/y=-4/y2 hay y3+3y+4=0 tng ng y=-1 suy ra x=1 tha mn
Vy h c hai nghim.

x + y 3 = 5
Tng t bi
s l h i xng loi II
y + x 3 = 5

iu kin x,y ln hn bng 3

Tr v vi v
Ta c: x-y+ y 3 - x 3 =0 nhn lin hp y 3 - x 3 vi
s c: x-y+(y-3-x+3)/ y 3 + x 3 =0
(x-y)(1-1/ y 3 + x 3 )=0
Nh vy x=y hoc y 3 + x 3 =1
Nu x=y c x+ x 3 =5.
y 3 =1- x 3 th vo 1 c xNu y 3 + x 3 =1 th

y 3

x 3

=4..

x 3