PAPER FAMILY PLANNING IUD (Intrauterine Device)

Member of group (5) : 1. Lintang Dian Pratiwi 2. M. Asrorun Niam 3. Maful Latifah 4. Masyithotu Nisail Islam 5. M. Iqbal Sumbarta S1 NURSING HEALTH SCIENCES FACULTY UNIVERSITY OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA SURABAYA 2013 (130012107) (130012108) (130012109) (130012110) (130012111)

DEFINITION OF IUD An IUD is an intrauterine device made of plastic and/or copper that is inserted into the womb (uterus) by way of the vaginal canal.

There are 2 types of IUD : The copper IUD A small plastic device with copper wrapped around its stem and can be left in place for five years. Copper IUDs primarily work by disrupting sperm mobility and damaging sperm so that they are prevented from joining with an egg. The progestogen IUD A small T-shape device with a cylinder containing progestogen around its stem. The
progestogen IUD is releases a hormone (progesterone), and is replaced each year.

Most common shape in current use is a plastic "T" which is wrapped with copper wire.

STRENGTH OF IUD
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

More than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy Most cost-effective method of birth control over time Easy to use Does not require interruption of foreplay or intercourse Does not require cooperation of sexual partner Safe to use while breast-feeding Can be removed whenever you have problems or want to stop using it. Fertility returns with the first ovulation cycle following IUD removal.

8.

Hormonal IUD can relieve heavy menstrual bleeding and cramping in most women

9.

Copper IUD can be used for emergency contraception within 5 days of unprotected intercourse

10.

Can be inserted after a normal vaginal delivery, a cesarean section, or a firsttrimester abortion

WEAKNESSES OF IUD 1. IUD does not give you protection against sexually transmitted disease. So it is recommended that you must use condoms along with IUD while go for sex. 2. You cannot insert or remove IUD by yourself. Only a trained doctor or nurse can do it. 3. You may have a longer, heavier and more painful period. However it may improve in few months. But there may be an average increased blood loss. 4. It may injure the uterus during fitting. 5. IUD may lead to infection in three weeks after insertion. 6. IUD may lead to higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease that can cause infertility.

7. While using IUD if you got pregnant it may lead to a severe infection. However it is very rare that a woman get pregnant while using IUD. In this case a woman become pregnant only when the IUD is out of place. In this case you must got you IUD removed as soon as possible. 8. IUD may expel itself from the uterine cavity without coming to your knowledge. It may occur during the menstrual period.

HOW TO USE IUD With some exceptions, an intrauterine device (IUD) can be inserted at any time, except during pregnancy or when an infection is present. It may be inserted immediately postpartum or after elective or spontaneous miscarriage. It is typically inserted in the following manner by a trained health professional:

A plastic tube containing the IUD (the inserter) is slid through the cervical canal into the uterus.

A plunger in the tube pushes the IUD into the uterus. Attached to the base of the IUD are two thin but strong plastic strings. After the instruments are removed, the health care provider cuts the strings so that about an inch of each dangles outside the cervix within the vagina.

The strings have two purposes:

They enable the user or health care provider to check that the IUD is properly positioned. (Because the IUD has a higher rate of expulsion during menstruation, the woman should also check for the strings after each period, especially if she has heavy cramps.)

They are used for pulling the IUD out of the uterus when removal is warranted.

The insertion procedure can be painful and sometimes causes cramps, but for many women it is painless or only slightly uncomfortable. Patients are often advised to take an over-the-counter painkiller ahead of time. They can also ask for a local anesthetic to be applied to the cervix if they are sensitive to pain in that area. Occasionally a woman will feel dizzy or light-headed during insertion. Some women may have cramps and backaches for 1 - 2 days after insertion, and others may suffer cramps and backaches for weeks or months. Over-the-counter painkillers can usually moderate this discomfort.

PICTURE OF IUD