ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Visakhapatnam Port Visit Report

Introduction: Visakhapatnam (Vizag) port is one of the major ports in India. It is located on the east
coast of India and is located midway between the Chennai and Kolkata Ports. This port was officially

came into existence in year 1933. The Port has three harbours: outer harbor, inner harbour and the fishing harbour. The Port is catering to the key industries like the petroleum, steel, power and fertilizers besides other manufacturing industries and playing catalyst role for the agricultural and industrial development of its hinterland spreading from the south to the north. The hinterland of the Visakhapatnam Port extends to Telengana and north eastern Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, south eastern Madhya Pradesh, southern Orissa and the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Iron ore, manganese ore, steel products, general cargo, coal and crude oil are the main commodities handled at this port. Main activities / functions of the Port of

Visakhapatnam: Conservancy / maintenance of entire Port works. Pilotage of vessels to and from Port. Berthing and un-berthing of vessels. Loading and unloading of cargo into and from vessels. Embarkation and disembarkation of passengers and services connected with Passenger Terminal. Provision of infrastructure facilities like various type of cargo handling equipment, stacking area (both covered and open). Road and Railway network etc., Mechanized tippling and stacking and mechanized loading of iron ore and pellets through ore handling plant. Acts as a terminal agent for Indian railway by performing services connected with movement of goods by railway wagons from/to Port (including supply of locomotives). Arrangements for supply of bunker and fresh water to vessels. Dry dock facilities. Maintenance of fishing harbour. Allotment of land to the Port users, maintenance of roads, bridges, Ghats etc., Security coverage.

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Facilities:
The Port has two trading harbours Inner harbour and Outer harbour. The Inner harbour has 15 multicommodity berths, (including two berths built on BOT basis) two Oil berths and one captive berth for fertilizers and fertilizer raw-materials to cater to ships upto 45,000 DWT. The inner harbour berths are PANAMAX compatible and are capable of accommodating vessels upto 230 meters LOA and draft upto 11 meters. The Outer harbour has 6 berths to accommodate vessels upto 150,000 DWT vessels. The container terminal in the outer harbour with a dredged depth of 16.5 meters can accommodate post PANAMAX main line vessels upto 14.5 meters draft.

Mechanized Facilities: The Port has mechanized facilities to load iron ore, Alumina, soya extracts and
to discharge crude oil, petroleum products, fertilizers, raw-materials, caustic soda and other liquid cargoes as shown below:

Details of facility Ship loader with a capacity 2200 T/hour and three Silos. Alumina Mechanized wagon unloading system to unload Alumina from wagons @ 1100 TPH Direct discharge through pipeline @ 600 TPH Caustic Soda in case of caustic soda and three sylos of 10000 T capacity each. Three unloading arms with discharge capacity Crude Oil of 5500 tons per hour Fertilizer and fertilizer Rail mounted ship (grab) unloader of 600 TPH raw-materials designed capacity. Two oil berths equipped with pipe line Import and Export of Petroleum facilities connecting the storage tanks of the products refinery Mechanized ore handling plant consisting of ship loader 8000 TPH capacity Iron Ore & Pellets Three bucket wheel reclaimers. Three tipplers, three stackers, conveyor system of about 9 k.m.(one way) Liquid Ammonia and Phosphoric acid Sulphuric Direct discharge facilities through pipeline acid, Styrene Monomer, Molten Sulphur etc Direct discharge from ship to ship at one of Trans-shipment of Crude oil the oil moorings.

Cargo

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Container Handling Facility: A state of art container terminal is being operated by Visakha Container
Terminal Pvt. Ltd. The terminal is the deepest terminal of the country with a facility to accommodate main line vessels up to 15 M draft. Container facility highlights: It has paved container yard of 17 hectares. The terminal has a dedicated Railway Siding facility to handle full rake of 58 wagons. Excellent road connectivity. Independent road connectivity to NH5. Facility to handle 132 reefer points.

Storage Facility: Type of Accommodations Transit Shed Closed Commodity Stored Food Grains, Sugar, Soya, maze etc. General Cargos Dry Bulk Cargoes All Bulk Cargos Iron Ore Nos 06 Area in Sq. m 20,494 Other Agencies -

Storage Shed Warehouse Silos

Open Area Open Containers Covered Crude Oil Products Chemicals L.P.G

07 03 -

21,922 31,294 11,76,262 2,57,600 -

699,954 tones 66,230 tones 75,134 sq. m 368,668 4,000 TEUs + 1,500 ground slots 100-125 TEUs 639,496 tones+ 105,650 KL 97,500 tones + 72,748 KL 9,000 tones (spheres) + 60,000 tones (cavern) -

Liquid Storage

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Types of cargo and Movements:

Types of Cargo Alumina Caustic Soda Crude Oil Fertilizer and fertilizer raw-materials Import and Export of Petroleum products Movement Descriptions Ship loader. Mechanized wagon unloading system Direct discharge through pipeline. Unloading arms Rail mounted ship (grab) unloader.

Direct pipe line facilities connecting the storage tanks of the refinery Ship loader Iron Ore & Pellets Bucket wheel reclaimers. Tipplers, stackers, conveyor system. Liquid Ammonia and Phosphoric acid Sulphuric Direct discharge facilities through pipeline acid, Styrene Monomer, Molten Sulphur etc Direct discharge from ship to ship at one of Trans-shipment of Crude oil the oil moorings.

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Berthing Details
Visakhapatnam Port has three harbours - the outer harbour, inner harbour and the fishing harbour. The outer harbour has 6 berths capable of handling vessels with a draft up to 17 meters and water spread of 200 hectares. The smaller inner harbour has 18 berths that are PANAMAX compatible, with draft upto 11 meters and water spread of 100 hectares. Statistics of Berthing facilities:

INNER HARBOR NORTHERN ARM - EAST SIDE

Quay Berths East Quay-1 East Quay-2 East Quay-3 East Quay-4 East Quay-5 East Quay-6 East Quay-7 * East Quay-8 * East Quay-9 Berth length (Mtrs) 167.64 167.64 167.64 231.00 167.64 182.90 255.00 255.00 255.00 Permissible beam (Mtrs) 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 Permissible draft (Mtrs) 10.06 10.06 10.06 10.06 11.00 10.06 11.00 11.00 11.00 Crane deployment 4 Nos. 15T. wharf Cranes 4 Nos. 10T. wharf Cranes 4 Nos. 10T. wharf Cranes 4 Nos. 15T. wharf Cranes 4 Nos. 15T. wharf Cranes 3 Nos. 10T. wharf Cranes 4 Nos. 20T. wharf Cranes 3 Nos. 104T. Harbour mobile cranes of B.O.T. Operator --

* Operated by B.O.T. Operator Vizag Seaport Pvt. Ltd.

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

INNER HARBOUR NORTHERN ARM - WEST SIDE

Quay Berths West Quay-1 West Quay-2 West Quay-3 West Quay-4 West Quay-5 RE WQ-1

Berth length (Mtrs) 212.00 226.70 201.12 243.00 241.70 170.00

Permissible draft # (Mtrs) 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 11.00 8.00

INNER HARBOUR NORTH WESTERN ARM

Quay Berths Fertilizer berth Oil Refinery Berth-1@ Oil Refinery Berth-2@ Berth length (Mtrs) 173.13 183.00 183.00 Permissible draft # (Mtrs) 10.06 10.06 9.75

@ Subject to a max. 195 Mts. at one of the two berths

OUTER HARBOUR
Berth Ore Berth-1 Ore Berth-2 Oil Mooring General Cargo Berth Offshore Tanker Terminal L.P.G. CONTAINER TERMINAL Berth length (Mtrs) 270.00 270.00 250.00 356.00 408.00 370.92 451.00 Permissible beam (Mtrs) 48.00 48.00 48.00 42.00 48.00 42.00 42.00 Permissible draft # (Mtrs) 16.50 on rising tide of 0.3 Mtrs. 16.50 15.00 14.5 0 on rising tide of 0.5 Mtrs. 17.00 on rising tide of 0.5 Mtrs. 14.00 14.50

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Customs Facility
Vizag port's customs procedure is governed by Visakhapatnam Custom House. Visakhapatnam Custom House use EDI system by name Indian Customs EDI System (IDES) for facilitating faster clearance of Imports and Exports. The ICES is functioning under the control of Directorate of Systems, New Delhi with the software inputs from the NIC. In the ICES systems the Servers and other hardware were installed in the individual Customs . Vizag custom house is connected to the Custom House Server with leased line connectivity.

Terminal Facilities
Vizag port has multiple terminal and many of them are leased to private organizations. The terminal details are mentioned below: VIZAG SEAPORT PRIVATE LIMITED (VSPL): Vizag Seaport Private Limited (VSPL) is the largest multi commodity terminal in the port of Visakhapatnam handling Import and Export of Coking Coal, Iron Ore, Gypsum, Manganese Ore, Coke, Steam Coal and Other Bulk Cargo and started its commercial operations in July 2004. Terminal consists of two berths East Quay-8 & East Quay-9 and is located in the Northern Arm of Inner Harbour of Visakhapatnam Port. This Terminal is 564 kms from Industrial/ Ore belt of Chhattisgarh and 411 kms from Industrial / Ore belt of Orissa and is closest proximity to South Eastern parts ideally situated for Bulk Cargo import & export. Facilities: PANAMAX compatible Berths EQ-8 & EQ-9 with quay length of 255m each. Vessels with arrival draught of -11.00 m can berth. Vertical discharge by Three Harbour Mobile Cranes with a load/discharge capacity of 18000 Tons Per Day per each Crane. Loading/Unloading Vessels with Three Harbour Mobile Cranes and one Ship-Unloader with a load/discharge capacity of 50,000 Tons Per Day per Berth. Two Railway sidings (58 Wagons each). 3 No's Rail Weigh bridges within the Terminal of 100 Ton Capacity. 1 No. Road weigh bridge flat type within the Terminal of 80 Ton capacity. Experienced and Efficient Manpower.

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

VISAKHA CONTAINER TERMINAL PVT. LTD: The Visakha Container Terminal (VCTPL) was set up under the aegis of Visakhapatnam Port Trust as a joint venture between DP World and United Liner Agencies of India (Private) Ltd .This all weather Container Terminal, with a natural depth of 16.5 meters alongside, is located in the Outer Harbour of Visakhapatnam Port. Located on the center of the East Coast of India, VCTPL is ideally located to cater to its vast hinterland covering 7 states within 700 KM and extending up to North and North East India. With an excellent rail and road connectivity established, it is an ideal alternative especially for shipments to and from Far East and South East Asian regions to Delhi and other nearby ICDs of Hyderabad, Nagpur and Raipur. Facilities: Two berths (Linear quay length of 450 meters) 4 Rail Mounted Quayside Cranes (RMQC). 6 Rubber Tired Gantry Cranes (RTGCs). 6 reach stackers (45 ton capacity and 10 ton capacity). One forklift - 5 ton capacity. 16 internal transfer vehicles (ITV). 192 nos. reefer points. Two railway sidings close to CY for ICD. 2500 TEUs ground slots. Weigh bridge facility available. Navis SPARCS N4 for Vessel /Rail/Yard planning. Real time updating, using radio data terminals. Equipped with full fledged workshop and fueling facility.

PETROLEUM, OIL AND LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS TERMINAL : The Off Shore Tanker Terminal in the Outer harbour discharges crude oil directly to the tanks of the Refinery. Two berths in the inner harbour are available for handling petroleum products. Facilities: A deep draft Oil Tanker Terminal for berthing tankers of size up to 150,000 DWT and draft upto 17 meters is available. 3 unloading arms at the terminal direct discharge from berth to the refinery tanks @ 5500 tones per hour through pipe lines. An exclusive jetty with draft upto 14 meters is available to discharge LPG. A mined rock Cavern at a depth of 200 meters below sea level (capacity: 60,000 T).

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Observations:
Two Good Practices
1. Iron Ore handling process: The whole process is consists of two parts: the receiving system and shipping system. The receiving system consists of three wagons tipplers to tipple the wagons. Three wagon tipplers has one twin wagon tippler of 2700 TPH capacity and another tippler of 3000 TPH capacity. The shipping system reclaims the cargo from the stacks and conveys through the conveyors to the ship-loader for loading into the ships hatches. The system consists of: 1. 3 bucket wheel re-claimers 4000 tones per hour capacity. 2. 4.8 kilometers long overhead conveyor system. There are 7 conveyors used in this facility and these conveyers run at 12.6 KM/hr. 3. Surge bin of 2000 tones capacity. 4. Ship loader with a assigned capacity to load iron ore at 8000 tone per hour.

The complete process is very complex but mechanically automated. This functionality is known as Ore Complex Handling.

2. Cavern facility' for LPG storage: The Cavern, first of its kind in South and South-East Asia, is set up by the South Asia LPG Company Limited (SALPG), which is a 50:50 joint venture between the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) and TOTAL, a French Oil major. Design details of underground Carven facility are mention below: The Cavern has been dug in solid hard rock to store LPG at 162 M below mean sea level (MSL). The deepest portion of the cavern is 196 M below MSL. Storage capacity is 60,000 tons. The storage facility is made up of two caverns of 19 M height, 20 M base width and 160 M in length with interconnections. It can import at rate of 2,000 m3/ hr and export at rate of 1,000 m3/ hr.

Aboveground the facility is designed to receive the largest size LPG vessels (40,000 t) as well as smaller pressurized vessels. It includes new LPG loading arms, chilling and booster pumps, a seawater heat exchanger and pump house, a mixing skid and a vapor ejector, to reduce pressure variation the cavern.

ROHIT KUMAR DOHARE Roll No - 52

EPGDIB (VSAT) 2012 - 13

Main advantage of bulk storage cavern facility over traditional LPG storage facility: Safety from the hazards of leakage of the inflammable gas. Land economy, lower capital cost and lower operating costs compared to conventional pressurized spheres and refrigerated tanks. Inherent safety over the above ground storage systems. Safety from natural calamities and various forms of sabotage.

The Cavern is expected to ease the storage constraints on the eastern coast and will enable the Oil Industry meet the ever growing demand of LPG in the country. Further, the large parcels with higher tanker discharge rates will reduce the berth occupancy by LPG Vessels at Visakhapatnam Port.

Two Suggestion for Improvements

Vizag port is overall working is very efficient manner and has effective functionality, but there are certain areas where there is some scope for improvements. 1. Reducing the transitions while handling the food grains: While visiting port I observed that food grains transfer procedures use, use at least 3 transitions from one equipment to another. This procedure not only result in waste of food grains while transition but also increase overall cost of transition. First dumping truck picks grains from stores and pour it put on berth near the ship, then next equipment stacks it up to make it loadable with crane and finally crane picks it up and transfer to ship. Instead, if there is elevated port build at the height of ship level and next to ship, the dumping truck can directly unload grains into ship. This procedure will save not only save cost of additional equipments but also stop a huge wastage of food grains. 2. Automating the water spreading systems : During the visit I noticed that to avoid any gusts of dust the port needed constant water sprinkling. But the method to sprinkling the water is very manual that uses water tanker carried over place to place. It consumes a lot of time and huge amount of water wasted. Looking at constant need of watering, port can install automated sprinklers like the one used in farming. The schedule of sprinkling can be adjusted to the need and weather condition. This process will involve a less human intervention and less water wastage.