Qun l d n phn mm

Nguyn Vn V Khoa CNTT

Mobile:0912505291, Email: vynv43@yahoo.com
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 2
Nguyn Vn V
Bi 1: Tng quan qun l d n
Khi nim v d n, qun l d n
Thch thc
Qun l d n l mt ngh
Vng i d n
Cc hot ng ca qun l d n
Cc yu t thnh cng
M hnh t chc - qun l
Cng c qun l d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 3
Nguyn Vn V
Ti liu tham kho
1. Vin Cng ngh Thng tin, Qun l v thc hin cc d n cng
ngh thng tin, NXB T php, 2004
2. Ng Trung Vit, Phng php lun qun l d n CNTT, NXB KHKT,
Hni 2001.
3. Eric Verzun. The fast forward MBA in Project Management, 2th
Edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2005.
4. Bob Hughes & Mike Cotterell. Software Project Management, Third
Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2002.
5. Roger S.Pressman, Software Engineering, a Practitioners
Approach. Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001
6. Norman R.Howes, Modern Project Management. (Sucessfully
Integrating Project Management Knowledge Areas and Process).
AMCOM American Management Association, 2001,
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 4
Nguyn Vn V
Khi nim d n (project)
a. nh ngha d n
D n l 1 nhim v cn hon thnh c c 1
sn phm/dch v duy nht, trong 1 thi hn
cho, vi kinh ph d kin.
Sn phm xc nh & duy nht
Rng buc - Thi hn nh
- Kinh ph cho
Theo PMI [3]: d n l mt s c gng nht thi c tin
hnh to ra sn mt phm hay dch v.
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 5
Nguyn Vn V
V d v d n
Tiu ch D n 1 D n 2
Tn d n
Xy 1 ngi nh 5 tng, din
tch sn 80m2 tin nghi
lm vic cho 1 cng ty phn
mm 50 nhn vin
Kinh ph 2,5 t ng 30 triu
1 nm
Pht trin phn
mm qun l cng
vn i n, cho 1 c
quan 40 ngi
Thi hn 6 thng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 6
Nguyn Vn V
So snh vi hot ng nghip v
Tiu ch D n Nghip v
Sn phm
Thc hin
Rng buc inh trc c xc nh
Mi trng thay i ln n nh
T chc, qun l
nhiu, tng t duy nht
mt ln lp li, lin tc
tm thi, t u c sn, hon thin
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 7
Nguyn Vn V
Cc c trng ca d n
Kt qu duy nht
Lm ln u hay mi
C bt u v kt thc
Rng buc cht ch
Gii hn v thi gian, kinh ph
Cn liu cm gp mm
Mang tnh tm thi
Thc hin 1 ln
Trong 1 khong thi gian
Bt
u
Kt
thc
t, $
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 8
Nguyn Vn V
Cc c trng ca d n
Ri ro tt yu
thnh cng hay tht bi
D c xung t
Vi d n khc
Vi nghip v
Bt
u
Kt
thc
t, $
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 9
Nguyn Vn V
Sn phm phn mm
L v hnh tin trnh khng nhn thy
Yu cu 0 xc nh duy nht sn phm
Cc nguyn tc k ngh # sn phm
thng thng (c, in,.)
Tin trnh 0 chun ha, nhiu bin th.
Chu nhiu yu t bin ng hn: cng
ngh, mi trng, nghip v v ngun lc.
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 10
Nguyn Vn V
Cc vn ca phn mm
Chi ph lin quan ngy cng tng
Cc yu cu ngy cng nhiu
Quy m, phc tp ngy cng ln
Yu cu hiu nng tng theo s tng trng
ca phn cng v nhu cu ngi dng
Phn mm ln nhiu ngi thc hin vn
truyn thng, qun l tr nn quan trng
(window2000: 5000 ng.tham gia)
p dng nh d n thng l khng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 11
Nguyn Vn V
Thc trng d n phn mm
ngn
sch
<30%
thi
gian
33%
thc
hin d
n
Sn phm khng t yu cu ln
Khng hon thnh ng hn
Chi ph vt d ton
Ri ro nhiu hn
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 12
Nguyn Vn V
V d: d n phn mm tht bi
C quan Internal Revenue System ca M
hy b d n hin i ha h thng thu
sau khi chi 4 t USD
Bang California chi 1 t USD cho c s d
liu phc li x hi m khng dng c.
D n h thng kim sot khng lu ca
Anh chi 339 triu bng, b tr 2 nm.
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 13
Nguyn Vn V
V d: d n phn mm tht bi
D n CNTT cc thu Thi lan chi 55,2 triu USD
(41: phn cng, 11:phn mm, 1,2:o to,
2:truyn thng) xem l tht bi, Ngn hng th gii
khng cho ko di.
D n H thng in t x l thng tin ti
SeaGames 22 ca Vit nam d ton 15 t VND,
nhng n 6/2003 chi 90 t VND.
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 14
Nguyn Vn V
Thun li ca d n phn mm
D sa i hn > sn phm vt cht khc
Cc pha ca vng i l r rng
C th c nhiu gii php cho 1 yu cu
nh hnh sn phm khng cng nhc, min p
ng yu cu
Cng c tr gip ngy cng mnh
Cho php vn dng nhiu gii php: cng ngh,
qun l, trong d n phn mm
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 15
Nguyn Vn V
Qun l d n (project management -pm)
D n l tt c cng vic m ta lm 1 ln: Thit
k 1 my bay mi, xy dng mt phng chiu
phim, to mt logo nghip v, xy dng 1 chng
trnh o to mi,..
Khng c nh ngha chun v qun l d n
QLDA
QLDA l vic p dng kin thc, phng php, k
nng, cng c & t chc cc hot ng nhm to
ra sn phm p ng yu cu cho
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 16
Nguyn Vn V
Qun l d n
Nhng mt chung vi cc qun l khc:
Hot ng: lp k hoch, trin khai, theo di
v gim st, nh gi & iu chnh
Ni dung: qun l cng vic, qun l tin ,
qun l ti chnh, qun l nhn lc, qun l
ngun lc, qun l cht lng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 17
Nguyn Vn V
Qun l d n
Nhng khc bit ca d n lin quan n
c th sn phm, n trin khai t u v
n cc rng buc cht ch:
Thm hot ng: chn d n, t chc b my v
m hnh qun l, xc nh phm vi
Thm & tng cng ni dung qun l: qun l
ri ro, qun l cu hnh, qun l cht lng
S khng n nh, lun thiu thng tin, cn kinh
nghim
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 18
Nguyn Vn V
Thch thc vi qun l d n
Nhn lc:
Tuyn chn (t u? k nng g?) s dng
(vo u?), thi dng (chuyn i u?)
Kh khn hn: nhiu d n cng tin hnh?
Cn ngi qun l c nng lc
Cng vic v c lng:
Xc nh vic, c lng ng khi
lng, chi ph ngun lc (c thi gian), v:
D n khc khc nhau
Mi trng khc khc nhau
Cha thc hin d n tng t
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 19
Nguyn Vn V
T chc (v qun l):
T chc b phn QLDA ty thuc t chc hin
c v mc tiu ca n.
T chc tm thi, xc lp thm quyn v mi
quan h vi cc b phn, ngi lin quan
Kim sot:
K hoch & gim st khng n nh, do cng
vic thay i, c lng khng chnh xc
nm thng tin kp thi & iu chnh nhanh
Quyt nh chnh xc, ph hp, ng thun
trong iu kin thiu thng tin, phm vi rng
Thch thc vi QLDA
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 20
Nguyn Vn V
Thch thc vi QLDA phn mm
Khng nhn thy qun l cc th hin
Th hin l ti liu & chng trnh: a dng & thiu
thc o s dng chun, thc o khc nhau
p dng cc chun lm ti liu l vic cc nhc
Cht lng ph thuc nhiu yu t
Quy trnh (process): thch hp & hiu qu
Cng ngh & cng c: ph hp vi sn phm & mi
trng (c c, s dng c, ..)
Kim sot thay i: Thay i vn l tt yu ca sn
phm mi, ng thi l bn cht ca phn mm
Khng ch c ri ro: ri ro phn mm l nhiu, cao
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 21
Nguyn Vn V
Nhu cu d n ngy cng nhiu
Th gii quanh ta thay i ngy cng nhanh
Nhu cu con ngi tng theo s pht trin
Cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt
Cng ngh tin b nhanhthay i nhiu
Yu cu sn phm, dch v mi tng nhanh
cn cc d n mi. C th tm thy d n
khp ni. Ta c ng thc:
Thay i cng ln = i mi cng nhanh
= d n cng nhiu
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 22
Nguyn Vn V
Qun l d n tng nhanh
u nhng nm 90, 1 s trng k ngh
c t 1 2 mn v QLDA. n nay
M, hu nh cc trng k ngh u c
mn ny. Qun l d n nng cao c
trong nhiu chng trnh cao hc
Nm 2004, gn 500 cng ty d kin
thnh lp vn phng QLDA
T 1990 2004, Vin QLDA & hi ngh
nghip ngi qun l d n c s thnh
vin tng t 7700 100.000 TV.
S liu t chng 1 ca [3]
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 23
Nguyn Vn V
S tin ha ca QLDA
T khi xy dng 1 c s bn hng, t chc gieo
trng 1 sn phm c d n v QLDA.
T Th Chin 2, nguyn tc QLDA ni ln. Trong &
sau chin tranh, M pht trin v kh ln, d n
Manhttan (ln u thit k & ch to bom nguyn
t) ln u tin s dng k thut QLDA hin i:
nh gi chng trnh v k thut ra sot (program
evaluation and review technique -PERT) & phng
php ng gng (critical path method - CPM).
S pht trin QLDA n nh 1 nguyn tc dn n
tha nhn vai tr ca 1 lnh vc ngh nghip
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 24
Nguyn Vn V
Cc c trng ca QLDA
Tnh ngh thut:
Cm nhn c mi trng (c con ngi)
p ng vi mi trng hiu qu cao
Tnh khoa hc:
Tng hp v vn dng nhiu quy lut
p dng c cc thnh tu khoa hc v
cng ngh 1 cch hiu qu trong qun l
Tnh ngh nghip:
Ngi qun l cn c o to
Cn c thm nin ngh nghip
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 25
Nguyn Vn V
Qun l d n l 1 ngh nghip
Trc y, QLDA xem l mt mnh ca cc nh
k thut hng u. Thc t, khng 1 ngi no
c th p ng c mi y/cu k thut.
Phng php QLDA l c lp, nm bin ca
nhiu ngnh cng nghip, c th dng cho DA
bt c u, t Silicon, n ng cao tc
Ngi QLDA phi dng nhiu k nng trong cng
vic. D n cng ln, yu cu cng nhiu k nng
x l nhiu vn d n yu cu.
Qun l d n cn:
c o to (ni dung, phng php, thc hnh)
C thang bc ngh nghip theo thm nin (chc
danh, lng)
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 26
Nguyn Vn V
Nng lc ngi QLDA
Nng lc ngi QLDA lin quan n 7 lnh vc:
Tm kim c cc ngun lc thch hp
Thu nhn v thc y c nhn vin
Vt qua c cc cn tr
Phn tch c s tr gi cho cc mc tiu
Duy tr s cn i trong i pht trin
Giao tip vi mi ngi tham gia
m phn
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 27
Nguyn Vn V
K nng ca ngi QLDA
Ngi QLDA cn c k nng trong 3 lnh vc:
Qun l d n (n thun cho d n)
Qun l nghip v: ti chnh, m phn, thu
mn, pht trin t chc, truyn thng,
K thut: mi d n c nhng vn k
thut nht nh. K nng ny gip ngi QLDA
hiu & gii quyt tt vn t ra. Tuy nhin
khng i hi l ngi u n.
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 28
Nguyn Vn V
V d: k nng ca ngi QLDA
K nng ca ngi QLDA 1 d
n tch hp thng tin v truyn
thng vi i 60 ngi.
K nng ca ngi QLDA 1
d n 8 ngi R&D thit k
cnh my bay.
K thut
Nghip v
QLDA
QLDA
Nghip v
K thut
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 29
Nguyn Vn V
Trch nhim ca ngi QLDA
Trch nhim ca ngi QLDA l v cng
nng n v ln lao, bao gm trch
nhim:
1. Vi t chc cp trn, ngi ti tr
S dng vn hiu qu, bo co kp thi
2. Vi d n v khch hng
Giao ng hn, o bo cht lng
3. Vi cc thnh vin i d n
Vic lm ph hp, thu nhp tha ng,
tin b
V vy, p lc ln nh qun l l rt ln
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 30
Nguyn Vn V
p lc ln vai ngi qun l d n
T pha khch hng (sn phm thi hn giao)
T pha ngi ti tr (cp ngn sch)
T th trng cp trn (cng vic k hoch)
T mi trng (canh tranh, cung cp)
Nhn lc-cng ngh-cht lng (mi trng th.i)
Uy tn c nhn (vi i, ngi khc)
Cc th tc hnh chnh.
i hi ngi qun l c nhiu
nng lc - phm cht
c th thch qua thc tin
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 31
Nguyn Vn V
Con ng ngh nghip ca ngi
QLDA[1]
6 thng o to v qun l d n ( l k s)
6-18 thng l thnh vin i - k s phn tch chi ph
v lp lch - bo co cho ngi QLDA
6-12 thng: gi vai tr ngi qun l 1 lnh vc (site
manager) v bo co vi ngi QLDA
Ngi QLDA nh (t 1triu $ n 3triu $) (3nm):
Trch nhim y v QLDA
Qun l d n: m nhim QLDA gi tr t 3triu $
n 25trin $
Qun l chng trnh: Trch nhim cho nhiu d n
nm hay chng trnh trn 25USD
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 32
Nguyn Vn V
Vng i ca d n
Xc nh
da n
Lp k
hoch
Thc hin
ng
d n
khi to d n
Vng i chun ca QLDA gm 4 pha:
1. Xc nh d n: bt u vi cng b d n (project
charter) v kt thc khi cc ti liu d n (project rules)
c cc bn thng qua hay bc b. Pha ny bao gm
chn d n, v c th l 1 d n. Cc ti liu ny c th
dng lm c s gi thu (d n ln)
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 33
Nguyn Vn V
Vng i ca d n
2.Lp k hoch: To cc k hoch d n t cc ti
liu. C th thay i so vi ti liu ban u,
nhng cn c cc bn thng qua cng cng vi
cc ti liu trc (nu cn).
3.Thc hin: Trin khai cc k hoch c thng
qua hng n mc tiu. Khi lng chim ti
90%. Kt thc khi t mc tiu ra.
4.ng d n: thc hi 3 chc nng.
Chuyn sang pha sau
Tin hnh th tc kt thc vi khch
nh gi, rt kinh nghim, lu tr ti liu
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 34
Nguyn Vn V
Cc chc nng ca QLDA
1. Xc nh d n, bao gm xc nh:
mc tiu, mc ch & rng buc, sn phm
phm vi, nhng ngi lin quan v vai tr
s cy qun l v truyn thng
Cc mc chnh bn giao sn phm
c lng
Lp lch chi tit
Lp cc KH
o tin trnh
Truyn thng
iu chnh
ng d n
phn hi, thay i, iu chnh
Xc nh Lp k hoch iu hnh
Bng ri ro
lch biu
ngn sch
KH ngun lc
a ra ng.ti tr
X.nh ng.lin quan
Lp d n c s
(quy tc nghip v)
Bng cng vic
Ma trn tr. nhim
KH truyn thng
Cng b d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 35
Nguyn Vn V
Cc chc nng ca QLDA
2. Lp k hoch: Phi hp cc chi tit d n
t c mc tiu, to lch biu thc hin v cc
k hoch h tr: k hoch qun l ri ro, qun l
ngun lc & cht lng, m bo cn bng chi
ph-thi gian-cht lng
3. iu hnh d n: cc hot ng gi cho d n
t n mc tiu:
o c v theo di tin
Truyn thng m bo ng thun & phi hp
Tnh ton, thc hin iu chnh & gii php
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 36
Nguyn Vn V
Tin trnh tng qut trin khai d n
xng
thng qua
cng b
d n
iu chnh
k hoch
phn tch
nh gi
theo di,
gim st
tin
trin khai
k hoch
lp lch
biu
c lng
ngun lc
CV
lp
xut d
n, k kt
lp bng
cng vic
lp cc
k hoch
sa i
cn thit
kt thc
d n
lp t d
n
lp ti liu
d n,
qun l
lp b
phn
qun l
Xc nh
T chc Lp k hoch iu hnh, gim st Kt thc
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 37
Nguyn Vn V
Bc tranh chung QLDA phn mm
Qun l chnh
Qun l b tr
Cng c
Phng
php
GIM ST, iU CHNH, PHI HP
yu cu
ca khch
Ri
ro
Cu
hinh
Nhn
s
Mua
sm
Phm
vi
Thi
gian
Chi
ph
Cht
lng
Thnh
cng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 38
Nguyn Vn V
Cc hot ng QLDA phn mm
Hot ng Mc tiu Ni dung
1
Qun l
Phm vi
(thay i)
m bo thc
hin ng cng
vic nh
X.nh giai on
X.nh cng vic
X.nh sn phm giao
Kim sot thay i
2
Qun l
Thi gian
m bo hon
thnh hng mc
cng vic trong
thi hn d kin
X.nh thi gian hon thnh
cng vic
Xc nh trnh t thc hin
Lp lch thc hin
Kim sot thc hin theo lch
3
Qun l
Chi ph
m bo huy
ng, s dng
ngn sch p
ng yu cu
Lp k hoch huy ng NS
c tnh chi ph
Phn phi NS
Kim sot chi tiu
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 39
Nguyn Vn V
Hot ng Mc tiu Ni dung
4
Qun l
Cht lng
m bo sn
phm t yu cu
cht lng ra
X.nh cc chun cht lng,
o, quy trnh kim nh
Kim nh chun mi sn phm
Qun l thay i cht lng
5
Qun l
Nhn lc
Tm v s dng
ngi tham gia 1
cch hiu qu
Xy dng i d n
La chn, phn cng cng vic
Pht trin, bi dng ngun lc
Thc y, ng vin, phi hp
6
Qun l
Mua sm,
thu
m bo ph v,
tr gip tt nht
mi hot ng d
n
Xc nh nhu cu tr gip
Lp k hoch mua sm, trang b
Tm nh cung cp v t hng
Qun l hp ng mua sm
T chc vic cung cp tr gip
Cc hot ng QLDA phn mm
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 40
Nguyn Vn V
Hot ng Mc tiu Ni dung
7
Qun l
Thng tin&
truynthng
m bo thu
thp, lu tr
thng tin v cung
cp kp thi
Xc nh nhu cu t.tin th.vin
Xc nh hnh thc trao i
Xc nh d liu t.tin lu tr
Quy nh hnh thc bo co, lu
tr, cung cp thng tin
8
Qun l
Ri ro
m bo hn ch
v ngn nga
thit hi do s c
xy ra
Nhn din cc ri ro
Xc nh kh nng xut hin,
phn tch tc ng n d n
Lp k hoch phng chng
Kim sot, x l
9
Qun l
cu hnh
(&thay i)
m bo kim
sot mi thay i,
ng b sn phm
Xc nh khon mc cu hnh
Xy dng trin khai quy trnh
Gim st thc hin quy trnh v
lu tr cu hnh, phin bn
Cc hot ng QLDA phn mm
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 41
Nguyn Vn V
Cc hot ng QLDA phn mm
Ngoi cc hot ng tng mt, cn c hot ng
qun l chung phi hp cc qun l c th. l
nhim v ca ngi qun l d n.
Trong 9 qun l trn, cc hot ng:
Qun l ri ro
Qun l cu hnh
V
Qun l thi gian
Qun l chi ph
Qun l cht lng
l c th ca QLDA
phn mm
l c bit quan trong
ca QLDA phn mm
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 42
Nguyn Vn V
Vng i pht trin sn phm mi
Pht trin sn phm mi c c trng nh 1
d n, cn p dng qun l d n.
Vng i pht trin sn phm c 4 pha, nhng
c s khc bit nht nh vi vng i d n:
Xc nh yu cu
Thit k Xy dng Hot ng
Vng i pht trin sn phm
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 43
Nguyn Vn V
Vng i pht trin sn phm mi
1. Vng i pht trin sn phm m t cc cng vic
to ra 1 sn phm mi ca 1 lnh vc.
Vng i d n tp trung vo cng vic d n.
Vng i sn phm y c n gin ha,
c th p dng cho mi sn phm mi
Vng i pht trin 1 sn phm c th c chi
tit ha c th gm hng trm bc.
2. Vng i pht trin 1 sn phm c th gm nhiu
d n, mi d n cn c p dng y cc
bc ca qun l d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 44
Nguyn Vn V
Vng i pht trin sn phm mi
trin khai,
hot ng,
bo tr
X YU CU THIT K XY DNG VN HNH
ng d n c th
chuyn sang pha sau
Mi im bin d
n l 1 im mc
1 2 3
4
1 2 3
4
1 2 3
4
1 2 3
4
1
Xc nh
2
Lp k hoch
3
thc hin
4
ng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 45
Nguyn Vn V
D n thnh cng
D n xem l thnh cng nu:
ng hn (on time): sn phm c xut
ra ph hp vi lch trnh
Trong phm vi ngn sch: p ng c
cc c lng chi ph d ton.
Cht lng cao: cht lng cao th hin
trn 2 mt:
Chc nng: y , chnh xc, n nh
Hiu nng: tc , nng sut, chi ph hp l
Vi phn mm cn thm 1 s yu cu khc
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 46
Nguyn Vn V
Cn bng 3 nhn t thnh cng
Ba yu t thnh cng (chi ph-thi hn-cht lng)
khng c lp m c quan h cht ch
Cn bng 3 yu t l yu cu qun l
Nhn nhn s cn bng ca cc bn tham gia
(qun l, khch hng, nh ti tr) l khc nhau
D n thnh cng cn m bo s cn bng ca
ba yu t ny & s ng thun ca cc bn v
chng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 47
Nguyn Vn V
Cng thc cho ngi qun l d n
Cng thc cho ngi qun l d n l:
Thit lp c s mong i thc t v s
cn bng chi ph thi hn cht lng
trong mi ngi lin quan.
Qun l s mong i sut qu trnh d n.
Khi thay i s cn bng, phi lm cho mi
ngi bit v chp nhn.
Giao sn phm ng yu cu,
trong thi hn v phm vi
ngn sch
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 48
Nguyn Vn V
Cc nhn t thnh cng
1. S ng thun vi mc tiu d n ca
nhng ngi lin quan (c ch, hp lc)
2. Mt k hoch tt ch ra con ng tng
th v cc trch nhim r rng, c
dng o s tin trin trong qu trnh
d n.
3. S giao tip thng xuyn v hiu qu
gia mi ngi tham gia d n (m bo
ng thun, phi hp, gii quyt vn
& p ng thay i)
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 49
Nguyn Vn V
Cc nhn t thnh cng
4. Qun l c phm vi d n: p ng c s
mong i ca mi ngi, nm trong phm vi cc
rng buc
5. C s tr gip qun l thch ng: c thm quyn,
c cng c tt, nm c thng tin kp thi, phi
hp c lc lng, s dng hiu qu ti nguyn
Cc nhn t ny c c nh s dng thng
xuyn & kho lo khoa hc v cng c qun l
(k nng chnh sch & giao tip, ra quyt nh
thiu thng tin, hiu & cm nhn khi xem xt
cng vic..)
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 50
Nguyn Vn V
D n tht bi
D n tht bi theo nhiu cch, t cc mt:
Giao sn phm khng ng hn
Vt ngn sch d kin
Cht lng khng t yu cu
M s l do chnh:
Sn phm: Khng lng ht phm vi, xc nh sai
cng vic (yu cu), c lng sai ngun lc, ..
Tin trnh: Khng ph hp, khng r rng
Qun l: thiu hiu bit (m hnh, phng php,..)
& kinh nghim, thiu thng tin, cng c
nh hng mi trng: ngun lc, thay i
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 51
Nguyn Vn V
M hnh t chc qun l d n
D n thc hin 1 ln, gii hn thi gian, ngn
sch cn c m hnh t chc qun l ring
a s t chc thc hin ch yu hot ng
nghip v (thng xuyn), bn cnh c cc d
n. 1 s t t chc c thnh lp chuyn thc
hin cc d n (cng ty phn mm, xy
dng,...)
Mt s m hnh t chc qun l d n in hnh
tng ng vi cc loi hnh t chc hin c
(c c kt t thc tin).
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 52
Nguyn Vn V
M hnh t chc in hnh thc hin 1 d n
Ban d n
(Vn phng D)
i 1: lnh o i i 2: lnh o i
nhn vin
nhn vin

nhn vin
nhn vin

ngi qun l
B phn t vn
ngi ti tr
Vi d n ln, pha khch cng c 1 c cu tng t, c
th n gin hn cn c s phi hp ca 2 t chc ny
M hnh t chc qun l d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 53
Nguyn Vn V
Tng gim c
gim c
sn xut
gim c
cng ngh
gim c
CNTT
Bfn q.l
nhnvin
nhnvin nhnvin
nhnvin nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin
nhnvin
Nhn vin tham gia d n
Truyn thng trong d n
ngi ql
d n
M hnh t chc theo chc nng
Bfn q.l
Bfn q.l Bfn q.l
Bfn q.l
Bfn q.l
M hnh t chc qun l d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 54
Nguyn Vn V
M hnh t chc theo ma trn
Thnh vin mi b phn phi bo co cho c ngi qun l nghip v v
qun l d n. Qun l d n c quyn nh qun l chc nng
Ngi qun l
d n C
Gim c iu
hnh
Ngi qun l
d n B
Ngi qun l
d n A
Ngi qun l
nghip v
Ngi qun l
nghip v
Ngi qun l
nghip v
A
A
B
B
C
B phn1
B phn2
B phn3
B phn1
B phn2
B phn3
b phn c ngi
tham gia d d n C K
D n K
A
B
B
A
C
C
B phn1
B phn2
B phn3
C
M hnh t chc qun l d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 55
Nguyn Vn V
M hnh t chc theo d n ca t chc ln, c nhiu d
n c th nm trong 1 chng trnh
Gim c d n
D n A
D n B
sn xut
tip thi
ti chnh
cng ngh
sn xut
tip thi
ti chnh
cng ngh

M hnh t chc qun l d n

Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 56
Nguyn Vn V
Ngi tham gia d n vai tr
Chc danh Vai tr, trch nhim
1
Ngi qun l,
d n
(project manager)
Chu trch nhim v kt qu d n
Thu nhn v b tr nhn s
Lp KH d n, lch biu
iu hnh, ra quyt nh,bo co cp trn
2
i d n
(project team)
Cc thnh vin c tp hp t nhiu ngun
Thc hin cng vic d n c giao
Bo co, nu vn c th gp phi
3
Ngi ti tr
(sponsor)
C nhn/n v cp vn, c quyn ti cao
B nhim, t mc tiu, k hp ng php l
Yu cu, nhn bo co, k duyt thay i
nh gi & quyt nh ngng, cp vn tip
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 57
Nguyn Vn V
Ngi tham gia d n vai tr
Chc danh Vai tr, trch nhim
4
Khch hng
(customer)
T chc, ngi c th hng kt qu d n
Nu yu cu v sn phm, dch v
H tr, c th tham gia (nh trong CNTT)
nh gi, nghim thu sn phm, tr tin v sau
5
Lnh ao
(leaders)
C nhn, tp th l cp trn ngi QLDA
B nhim ngi QLDA, ph duyt d n
(nu d n do t chc a ra)
Gii quyt vn d n xut c lin quan
6
Nhm chuyn
mn
(bussness Group)
C nhn c chuyn mn c huy ng
Cung cp thng tin lp KH (sn phm, c lg
c giao thc hin 1 s nhim v: th k,
k thut, kim ton, m bo cht lng,..
Bo co hin trng tng mt d n
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 58
Nguyn Vn V
Chc danh Vai tr, trch nhim
7
Ban qun l
d n
(customer)
c thnh lp theo di 1 hay 1 s d n
thng gm trng ban, th k, thnh vin
Xt duyt, gii quyt vn lin quan n cc
ch o ca cp trn i vi d n
Theo di tnh hnh thc hin d n, bo co
Hng dn, t vn, gii quyt vn lin quan
8
Lnh o i
(team leader)
Tr gip ngi QLDA thc hin 1 mng c.vic
Lp k hoch chuyn mn trc tip
iu hnh, tham gia thc hin cng vic
xut gii php, bo co ngi qun l
Ngi tham gia d n vai tr
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 59
Nguyn Vn V
Cc cng c qun l d n
QLDA l 1 loi hot ng c th, Khng c cng c
tr gip rt kh thnh cng, nht l d n ln, phc tp
Cng c chia lm hai loi:
Cc khun mu ti liu cho mi loi cng vic
Cc cng c tr gip cho hot ng lp k hoch v
iu hnh: thu thp, lu tr, truyn thng, x l, lp
k hoch.. Cc h thng phn mm chuyn dng
Khng c cng c phn mm, nhiu quy trnh qun l
sn phm da trn cc biu mu khng thc hin c.
Ngc li khng c biu mu kh tin hnh cc quy trnh
qun l hiu qu trn cc cng c phn mm
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 60
Nguyn Vn V
B cc biu mu in hnh [3]
Tn h s Tn h s
1. Bng cng vic 11. K hoch hnh ng
2. Bng kim cho nh ngha 12. K hoch truyn thng
3. Bng kim cho kim sot 13. Kch hot bng kim
4. Bng kim cho lp k hoch 14. Ma trn trch nhim
5. Bo co hin trang 15. Mu phn tch ri ro
6. Bo co kt thc d n 16. Nht k ri ro
7. Chng trnh hp 17. Nht k thay i
8. Cng b d n 18. Nht k vn
9. xut d n 19. Phn tch ngi lin quan
10. Bng giao vic 20. Yu cu thay i
Mi h s c dng trong 1 cng on chnh ca QLDA
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 61
Nguyn Vn V
Cc phn mm cn thit
Cc cng c phn mm tr gip c lc cho QLDA.
Nh 1 nhn t quyt nh thnh cng ca d n.
Hai loi phn mm tiu biu:
1. Phn mm qun l d n gip:
Lp cc k hoch
Tnh ton cc chi ph
Lp lch
Theo di thc hin
2. Phn mm qun l cu hnh gip:
Qun l cc thnh phn phn mm & chuyn giao
Qun l s thay i
m bo cht lng
Khoa CNTT, H Cng ngh, HQGHN 62
Nguyn Vn V
Chc thnh cng