ALBENDAZOLE Perparation 200mg tablets and as a flavored suspension of 100 mg/5 ml Administration Given orally with meals Toxicity

Side effects include headache, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, increase in serum glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase, and fever. Contraindications Can cause alopecia and mild leukopenia

MEBENDAZOLE (VERMOX) Preparation 100-mg chewable tablets Administration Tablets are chewable, but it may be necessary to pulverize them and mix them with food for administration to young children. Toxicity Abdominal pain and diarrhea occasionally occur, particularly with the expulsion of a large number of worms in children. Contraindication This drug is teratogenic in rats, but the incidence of abortion and malformations in humans did not exceed the rate in the general population. The drug, however, is not recommended in pregnancy unless the benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. In patients with severe hepatic disease, the drug should be used with caution.

PYRANTEL PAMOATE (ANTIMINTH) Preparation

Supplied in 60-ml bottles containing 50 mg of pyrantel base per ml or as tablets containing 125 mg of base Administration May be taken with food, milk or juice Toxicity Reactions are not frequently encountered, but when they do occur, they involve primarily the gastrointestinal system. Reactions include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or cramps, diarrhea and tenesmus, and transient elevations of the transaminase enzyms Contraindications Studies in pregnant animals have failed to show any harm to fetus, but there is no experience in pregnant humans. There are few published data on the use of the drug in children under 2 years old. The risks versus benefits of treatment should be considered in these patients. The drug should be used with caution in patients with liver dysfunction. The anthelminthic effect of pyrantel may be antagonized by piperazine.

THIABENDAZOLE (MINTEZOL) Preparation Supplied as a flavored suspension conatining 125 or 250 mg/5 ml, as pediatric drops containing 100 mg/ml, and as 500-mg chewable tablets. Toxicity Common side effects are anorexia, vomiting, and dizziness. Less frequently, diarrhea, epigastric pain, pruritus, drowsiness, lethargy, and headache occur. Side effects include Stevens-Johnson syndrome, tinnitus, visual disturbance, hypotension, perianal rash, transient rises in transaminase enzyms, cholestasis, parenchymal liver damage, hyperglycemia, and hematuria. Treatment may cause migration of Ascaris organisms to the esophagus, mouth, and nose. Contraindication Patients with known hypersensitivity or with renal or hepatic impairment should not use this drug. The drug causes dizziness and drowsiness and should not be used by patients whose vocation requires mental alertness.

A. lumbricoides

Mebendazole 100 mg BID x 3 days FU: Fecal examinations 2-4 week post therapy Pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg once (max 1 g)

A. duodenale Mebendazole 100 mg BID x 3 days FU: Fecal examinations 2-4 week post therapy Pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg x 3 days FU: If eggs are rare in fecal concentrations, there is no need to repeat therapy

N. americanus Mebendazole 100 mg BID x 3 days FU: Fecal examinations 2-4 week post therapy Pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg once (max 1 g) FU: If eggs are rare in fecal concentrations, there is no need to repeat therapy

S. stercoralis Thiabendazole 25 mg/kg BID x 2 days (max 3 g/day) FU: Fecal examinations and/or culture 1 mo after therapy

T. trichiura Mebendazole 100 mg BID x 3 days FU: Fecal examinations 2-4 week post therapy Albendazole 400mg once