Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Effect of The Duty Cycle and The Frequency of The Square Wave On The Capacitor Voltage in An RC Circuit
Effect of The Duty Cycle and The Frequency of The Square Wave On The Capacitor Voltage in An RC Circuit
Vs is a variable duty cycle square wave generator having values 0 and +9 volts as shown below
Td: time delay, Tr: rising time, PW: pulse width, Tf: falling time, PER: period of the square wave (freq=1/PER). ON time=PW, OFF time=PER-PW. Let us simulate the circuit for four different cases regarding charging and discharging the capacitor: Here we vary the duty cycle of the waveform to cover the following four cases:
Case-I: Time enough to fully charge and fully discharge (ON time> 5tau, OFF time > 5 tau). Take ON time (PW)=10 ms, period (PER)=20ms, OFF time=20ms-10ms=10ms, Transient RC: here tau=1ms, pw=10ms, per=20ms * HKD7eC8pg294.cir * vpulse 1 0 pulse( v1 v2 td tr tf pw per ) Vs 1 0 pulse (0 9v 0 1p 1p 10e-3 20e-3) r1 1 2 1e3 C1 2 0 1e-6 .tran 1u 100m uic .probe .end
Case-II: Time enough to fully charge but not fully discharge (ON time> 5tau, OFF time < 5 tau). Take ON time (PW)=10 ms, OFF time=PER-ON time=10.1ms-10ms=0.1ms,
The code that generated the simulations: Transient RC: here tau=1ms, pw=10ms, per=10.1ms * HKD7eC8pg294.cir * vpulse 1 0 pulse( v1 v2 td tr tf pw per ) Vs 1 0 pulse (0 9v 0 1p 1p 10e-3 10.1e-3) r1 1 2 1e3 C1 2 0 1e-6 .tran 1u 100m uic .probe .end
Case-III: Time not enough to fully charge but enough to fully discharge (ON time < 5tau, OFF time > 5 tau). Take ON time (PW)=0.1 ms, PER=10.1ms, OFF time=10.1ms-0.1ms=10ms, Transient RC: here tau=1ms, pw=0.1ms, per=10.1ms * HKD7eC8pg294.cir * vpulse 1 0 pulse( v1 v2 td tr tf pw per ) Vs 1 0 pulse (0 9v 0 1p 1p 0.1e-3 10.1e-3) r1 1 2 1e3 C1 2 0 1e-6 .tran 1u 100m uic .probe .end the capacitor voltage is as shown below:
Case-IV: Time not enough to fully charge and not enough to fully discharge (ON time < 5tau, OFF time < 5tau). Take ON time (PW)=0.1 ms, PER=0.2ms, OFF time=0.2ms-0.1ms=0.1ms, Transient RC: here tau=1ms, pw=0.1ms, per=0.2ms * HKD7eC8pg294.cir * vpulse 1 0 pulse( v1 v2 td tr tf pw per ) Vs 1 0 pulse (0 9v 0 1p 1p 0.1e-3 0.2e-3) r1 1 2 1e3 C1 2 0 1e-6 .tran 1u 100m uic .probe .end