Biology

Signals relay between cells 1. Direct intercellular signaling- local 2. Contact signaling- local 3. Autocrine signaling- local 4. Paracrine signaling- local 5. Endocrine signaling- long distance Three stage of cell signaling 1. Receptor activation 2. Transduction 3. Cell Response

10/29/2013 4:09:00 AM

Ligand signaling molecule o Small o Binds non-covalently specific receptors o Binging and release between receptor and ligand relatively rapid o Ligand trigger receptor structure-conformational change o Ligand-receptor complex is activated initiates a cellular response Cell surface receptors Enzyme-linked receptors G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) Ligand-gate ion channels G-proteins bind to GTP or GDP

10/29/2013 4:09:00 AM

10/29/2013 4:09:00 AM