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FUNCTIONS
[ DOMAIN, RANGE, PERIOD, INVERSE, EVEN or ODD ]


By:- Nishant Gupta
For any help contact:
9953168795, 9268789880


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Nishant Gupta, D-122, Prashant vihar, Rohini, Delhi-85
Contact: 9953168795, 9268789880

1. Definition: Let A & B be two sets. A relation from A to B is called a function if for each a e A there exists
one & only one b e B such that ordered pair (a, b) e f. Denoted f : A B
A is called Domain B is called Co domain
b is called image of a under f Range : set of images of f
2. Different types of functions
1-1 or injective : If for x1, x2 e A ; x1 = x2 f(x1) = f(x2)
Onto or surjective : If for all b e B there exists a e A such that f(a) = b
Into : If there is at least one b e B for which there is no a e A such that f(a) = b
Bijective : If a function is both 1-1 & onto then it is known as bijective
IDENTITY FUNCTION: If f (x) = x for xe R
EVEN & ODD FUNCTIONS f (-x) =

ODD ) x ( f
EVEN ) x ( f

3. If f : A B A & B contain n & m elements resp then
Number of 1 1 functions from A to B are

<
>
n m if 0
n m if P
n
m

Number of onto functions are ( )

=

m
1 r
n
r
m r m
r C 1
NOTE : If B contains 2 elements then number of onto functions is 2
n
2
Total number of functions is m
n

4. Step function or GREATEST INTEGER FUNCTION [x] :
It means greatest integer s x i.e. [2.3] = 2 & [-2.3] = - 3
5. {x} ,Fractional part of x {1.4} = 0.4 {-1.4} = 0.6
6. Signum Function:
(
(
(

=
<
>
=
0 x if 0
0 x if 1
0 x if 1
x
| x |

7. Lograthims:
'log' is involved in many ways so let's be thorough about it
log x is defined for x > 0 only
logA B = x means B = A
x

FUNCTIONS

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Contact: 9953168795, 9268789880
Log ( m n p.) .= log m + log n + log p +
Log =
n
m
log m log n Log m
n
= n log m
log 1= 0
logB A = log A/ log B ( Base should be +ve but not equal to 1 )
y
x
x
log
= y ( Getting rid of log )
A log
n
1
A log
B
B
n
= i.e. A log
2
1
A log
3 9
= ( Base change formula )
log x A > log x B

< <
> >

1 ifx , B A
1 ifx , B A

8. Some graphs (Important )










(c)



1. Domain : Here we are expected to find those values of the variable for which the function is well defined
like for
3 x
1

to get finite answer the denominator should not be zero so x should not be 3
2. Range : Here we are expected to find all possible values of the function, for Sin u it is [-1, 1]
3. Period : is the minimum interval after which function repeats itself i.e.
if f(x + p) = f(x) the p is period of f(x) For Sin x, Cos x. it is 2t
4. Inverse ; Only bijective functions can have inverse.
To find inverse of
7
3 x 2
y

=
Here y is function of x, in inverse x should be a function of y. So
2
3 y 7
x
+
=
2
3 x 7
) x ( f
1
+
=

(replace y by x)
(a)
(0,1)
y = a
x
, a > 1
y = a
x
, 0 < a < 1
(1,0)
If 0 < a < 1
(1,0)
(d)
If a > 1
(1,0)
(b)
Y = log
a
x
Y = log
a
x

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Contact: 9953168795, 9268789880
5. In General fog (x) = gof (x) ; but fo(goh) = (fog)oh and (gof)
-1
= f
-1
og
-1


1. n (A) = 4 & n(B) = 6 then no. of injections
from A to B is
(a) 360 (b) 6
4

(c) 4
6
(d) 120
2. If n(A) = 5 & n (B) = 2 then no. of surjections
from A to B is
(a) 23 (b) 30
(c) 12 (d) N/T
3. No. of bijective function. From A to itself when
a contains 106 elements is
(a) 106! (b) (106)
2

(c) 2
106
(d) 2
106
1
4. Domain of 2 x cos is
(a) R (b) [0, t)
(c) {-t/2, t/2] (d) N/T
5. Domain of 1 x
) x 1 ( log
1
2
10
+

is
(a) [-3, -2] {- 2.5} (b) [0,1] {.5}
(c) [-2, 1) {0} (d) N/T
6. Domain of x log
5 . 0

(a) (0,1] (b) (0, )
(c) (.5, ) (d) N/T
7. Domain of
2 x
P
x 6


(a) {2,4} (b) {1,4}
(c) {2, 6} (d) None.
8. Domain of sin
-1
x + sec
-1
x
(a) [ - 1, 1] (b) R [-1, 1]
(c) {- 1, 1} (d) None.
9. Domain of
{ }
x log
x
, {. } is fractional part, is
(a) N {1} (b) R {1}
(c) R - I (d) N/T
10. Domain of
2 / 1
2
3
4
x 3 x
log
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

is
(a) ( -1 , 4 )
(b) ( 1 , 4 )
(c) ( - , -1 ) ( 4 , )
(d) ( - , 0 ) ( 3 , )
11. Domain of f(x) =
7 x 3
x 3 18
3 x 2
x 15
P C

+ is
(a) {2, 3} (b) {3,4,}
(c) {2, 3 ,4} (d) {2, 3,4,5}
12. Domain of ) x x 2 log(
2
is
(a) (0, ) (b) (1, )
(c) (0,1) ) , 1 ( (d) N/T
13. Domain of f(x) = log2 log3 log4 x is
(a) 2 < x < 4 (b) x < 4
(c) x > 4 (d) 5 >x > 4.
14. Domain of log ( log
{ } x
x
) , {x} denotes
fractional part , is
(a) R (b) R - I
(c) ( 1 , ) - I (d) ( - , 1) I
15. Domain of x ) x 2 (
] x [
1
+ is
(a) [ 0 , 2] (b) [0,1]
(c) [ 1, 2] (d) N/T
16. Domain of Sin
-1
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
3
x
log
3
is
(a) [-1,9] (b) [1,9]
ASSIGNMENT
FUNCTIONS

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Nishant Gupta, D-122, Prashant vihar, Rohini, Delhi-85
Contact: 9953168795, 9268789880
(c) [-9,1] (d) N/T
17. If f(x) = x then domain of fof (x) is
(a) (0, ) (b) (-, 0)
(c) {0} (d) N/Ts
18. Domain of Cos
-1
|
.
|

\
|
4
| x | 2
+ (log ( - x + 3))
-1
is
(a) (-2, 6) (b) [-6, 2] [2,3]
(c) [-6, 2] (d) N/T
19. Domain of log|log x| is
(a) (0, ) (b) (1, )
(c) (0,1) ) , 1 ( (d) N/T
20. Domain of f(x) = ( ) 1 x log x x 16
2
2
1
2
+ is:
(a) [0, 16] (b) (1, )
(c) (1, 16) (d) [1, 16]
21. Domain of f(x) =
7 x 3
x 3 18
3 x 2
x 15
P C

+ is
(a) {2, 3} (b) {3,4,}
(c) {2, 3 ,4} (d) {2, 3,4,5}
22. Range of cos
-1
x 1
x 1
ec cos
x 1
x 1
1

+
+
+

is
(a) [-t / 2t /2] (b) {t / 2}
(c) {0, t / 2} (d) N/T
23. Range of [Sin x] is
(a) [-1, 1] (b) {-1, 1}
(c) (-1, 1) (d) N/T
24. Range of [Sin x] , x e(-t/4, t/4) is
(a) [-1, 1] (b) {-1, 1}
(c) (-1, 1) (d) N/T
25. Range of cos([x] t )
(a) 0 (b) {0}
(c) {-1,1} (d) N/T
26. Range of [Sin x] , x e(-t/4, t/4) is
(a) [-1, 1] (b) {-1, 1}
(c) (-1, 1) (d) N/T
27. Range of
2
e e
x x
+
is
(a) R (b) [0, )
(c) [1, ) (d) None.
28. Range of 0 x ,
] x [ 1
e
x
>
+

(a) ( 0 , ) (b) [ 0 , )
(c) ( 1, ) (d) [1 , )
29. Range of f ( x ) = 5 | sinx | - 3|cos x | is
(a) [ 3, -5 ] (b) [ - 34 , 34 ]
(c) [ 5 , 34 ] (d) [ -3 , 5 ]
30. f : R R , f (x ) =
2
e e
x x

is
(a) many one onto (b)neither 1-1 nor onto
(c) one-one onto (d) one-one into
31. If f ( x) = acos ( bx + c) + d then range is
(a) [ d+a , d+2a ] (b) [ a-d , d+a ]
(c) [ d+a , a-d ] (d) [d-a , d+a ]
32. Range of
| x | 1
x
+

(a) [-1, 1] (b) R
(c) (-1, 1) (d) N/T
33. Range of
5 x
x 9
P

is
(a) {5,7} (b) {1,2}
(c) {3,4,7} (d) N/T
34. Range of
x 3 cos 2
1

is
(a) [1/3,1] (b) [1/2,2]
(c) [1/2,1] (d) N/T
35. Period of tan
4
x
cos
3
x
+ is
(a) 12 t (b) 16 t
(c) 24 t (d) N/T
36. Period of sin |
.
|

\
|
t
+
6
3 x 2
is
(a) 2 t (b) 6 t
(c) 6t
2
(d) None
37. Period of sin
2
x + sin
4
x/2 + sin
8
x/4 is
(a) (b) 4
(c) 2 (d) 8.
38. If f is a periodic functions , then

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Contact: 9953168795, 9268789880
(a) f
/
& f
//
are also periodic
(b) f
/
is periodic & f
//
not periodic
(c) f
/
is not periodic & f
//
is periodic
(d) N/T


39. If f is a periodic function and g is a non-
periodic function, then
(a) fog is always periodic
(b) gof is never periodic
(c) gof is always periodic
(d) N/T
40. Period of x [x] is
(a) 1 (b) 1
(c) doesnt exist (d) N/T
41. The period of the function sin u - \3 cos u is
(a) 2t (b) t
(c) t /2 (d) None of these.
42. Period of sin 2tx + x [x]
(a) 2t (b) 1
(c) t (d) N/T
43. Period of tan
6
x + cot
6
x is
(a) t (b) t /2
(c) 2 t (d) N/T
44. Period of Sin
4
x
tan
3
x
Cos 2
2
x t

t
+
t
is
(a) 6 (b) 12
(c) 4 (d) N/T
45. Period of

=
|
.
|

\
|
+
n
1 r
r r
2
x
tan
2
x
sin is
(a) 2
n
t (b) 2 t
(c) 2
n+1
t (d) N/T
46. f(x) is an odd periodic function with period 2
then f (4) is
(a) 0 (b) 2
(c) 4 (d) N/T
47. If
n
x
sin
nx sin
has period 4t then n is
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) N/T
48. If f (x) & g ( x ) are periodic functions with pd
9 & 5 then period of f ( x ) = f (x/2) g (x) + g
( x/2) f ( x ) is
(a) 18 (b) 45
(c) 8100 (d) 90
49. Let f : [ -/3 , 2/3 ] [ 0 ,4 ] is f ( x ) =
3 sinx cos x + 2 , then f
-1
is
(a) sin
-1

6 2
2 x t
|
.
|

\
|
(b) sin
-1

6 2
2 x t
+ |
.
|

\
|

(c) 2 /3 - cos
-1
(
2
2 x
) (d) N/T
50. Inverse of x
2
5x + 6 is
(a)
2
x 4 1 5 + +
(b)
2
x 4 1 5 +

(c) Doesnt exist (d) N/T
51. If f: [1, ) [1, ) & f(x) = 2
x (x-1)
then f
-1
(x)
(a)
) 1 x ( x
2
1

|
.
|

\
|

(b) | | x log 4 1 1
2
1
2
+ +
(c) } { x log 4 1 1
2
1
2
+
(d) N/T
52. Inverse of ( )
x x x x
10 10 10 10

+ is
(a) log 10(2-x) (b)
x 1
x 1
log
2
1
10

+

(c) ( ) 1 x 2 log
2
1
10
(d) N/T
53. f : (- , 1) (-, 1) f (x) = x (2 x) then f
-1
(x)
(a) 1 + x 1 (b) 1 - x 1
(c) x 1 (d) N/T.
54. 1 + o x (o = 0) is inverse of itself then o is
(a) 2 (b) 1
(c) 0 (d) N/T
55. Inverse of sin
-1
{(5-x)
1/3
-1}
1/2
is
(a) Not defined (b) { 1+sin
3
(5-x)}
1/2


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(c) 5 - (1+sin
2
x)
3
(d) N/T
56. sin
1
(sin12) + cos
-1
(cos12) is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 24-2 t
(c) 4 t -24 (d) N/T


57. Which of the followings are odd
(a)
x cos e
x
x
+

(b) x
2
ln ( ) x 1 x
3 6
+ +
(c) ( ) ( ) ( ) x g x g
1 2
1 2
x
x
+
+

(d) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { } x h x h x g x g +
58. If the real -valued function
( )
( ) 1
1
+

=
x n
x
a x
a
f x f is even, then n equals
(a) 2 (b) 2/3
(c) 1/4 (d) -1/3
59. ......
32
2023
16
2015
8
2011
4
2009
2
2008
+
(

+
(

+
(

+
(

+
(

upto infinite terms is ( GIF )

(a) 2006 (b) 2007
(c) 2008 (d) 2009
60. If f ( x ) is polynomial satisfying f ( x ) =
) x / 1 ( f 1
) x ( f ) x / 1 ( f ) x ( f
2
1
& f ( 2 ) = 17 then
}

1
1
dx ) x ( f is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 5/12
(c) 12/5 (d) 6/5
61. The fundamental period of f ( x ) = ( sin x )
0
+
( cos x )
0
+ ( tan x )
0
is
(a) 2 (b)
(c) /2 (d) Does not exist
62. f : N N where f ( x ) = x + (-1)
x
, then f is
(a) 1-1 into (b) Many one into
(c) 1-1 onto (d) N/T
63. If f ( x ) =
2
x
1 e
xe
x
x

is
(a) Even (b) Odd
(c) Neither (d) Both


64. If f ( x ) =
}
x sin
0
2
dt t then period of f
/
( x ) is
(a) /2 (b)
(c) 2 (d) 3/2
65. Period of f ( x ) = [ 8x + 7 ] + | tan 2 x + cot
2x | - 8x is
(a) 1/2 (b) 1
(c) 1/4 (d) N/T

66. A B


is a

(a) 1 1, on to (b) 1 1, into
(c) Many 1, onto (d) N/T
67. If log2 log3 log4 x = 1 then x is
(a) 4
9
(b) 3
4

(c) 2
9
(d) N/T
68.
(

+ +
(

+ +
(

+
100
3
4
1
100
2
4
1
100
1
4
1

(

+ +
100
99
4
1
, GIF
(a) 24 (b) 25
(c) 26 (d) N/T
69.
(

+ + +
(

+ +
(

+ +
(

+
1000
999
2
1
1000
3
2
1
1000
2
2
1
1000
1
2
1
(a) 498 (b) 499
(c) 500 (d) 501
70. Let f( u ) = Sin u (Sinu +Sin3 u ) then f( u ) is
(a) 0 if 0 > u > (b) 0 s for all u
(c) 0 > for all u (d) N/T

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Contact: 9953168795, 9268789880
71. If f (x+2y, x-2y) = x y then f(x , y) is
(a)
8
y x
2 2

(b)
4
y x
2 2

(c)
8
y x
2 2
+
(d) N/T


72. If f (x) = (a -.x
n
)
1/ n
, then f [f (x)] is equal to
(a) x
n
(b) a x
(c) x (d) n \x.
73. f : R R is f (x) = 2x + sinx, xe R
(a) 1 1 & on to (b) 1 1, into
(c) 1 + 1 into (d) neither 1 1nor into
74. If f(x) = cos (log x ) then f(x)f(y) -

+
|
|
.
|

\
|
) xy ( f
y
x
f
2
1
is
(a) 1 (b)
(c) 2 (d) N/T
75. f(x) = cos[ t
2
]x + cos[- t
2
]x , GIF then
(a) f(t/2) = 0 (b) f( t ) = -1
(c) f(- t ) = 0 (d) N/T
76. If f : [0,1] B where f (x) = x
2
+ 1, is
surjective then B is
(a) [1,4] (b) [1,2]
(c) [1,) (d) N/T
77. If f (x+1) - f (x-2) = 0 , period f (x) is
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) Does not exist
78. Domain of
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
+

2
1
1
2
sin sin
x
x
x is
(a) (0, ) (b) (-, )
(c) [ 2n , (2n+1) ], ne I (d) N/T
79. Period of 2 | sin2x | - 3 | cos3x | is
(a) (b) /3
(c) /2 (d) N/T

80. Range of y =
| |
0 ,
1
>
+
x
x
e
x
is
(a) [1,e] (b) [1,)
(c) ( 0, ) (d) N/T
81. f : R R , defined by f( x) = e
x
is
(a) 1-1 , onto (b) many 1, into
(c) 1-1, into (d) many 1, onto
82. |sin x| has inverse if its domain is
(a) [0, ] (b) [0, /2]
(c) [- /4, /4] (d)N/T
83. If f: RR, g :R R are functions defined by f
(x) = x + l, g (x) = x
2
- 1 then g { f (3)}will be
(a) 9 (b)12
(c) 15 (d) 18
84. Let f (x ) =
1 + x
x o
, x 1 = then for what value
of , fof ( x ) is identity function
(a) 2 (b) - 2
(c) 1 (d) -1
85. If f ( x ) =
n n
x a , x > 0 then on its
domain f( x) is
(a) only injective (b) only surjective
(c) bijective (d) N/T
86. If f ( x ) = sinx + cosx , g ( x ) = x
2
1 , then g
( f ( x) ) is invertible in domain
(a) [0, /2 ] (b) [- /2 , /2]
(c) [ - /4 , /4 ] (d) [ 0, ]
87. Number of maps f from set {1, 2,3} into {1, 2,
3, 4, 5} such that f (i) f (j) whenever i <j is
(a) 60 (b) 50
(c) 30 (d) 35.








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ANSWER (FUNCTION)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
a b a d d a d c d c c d c c c
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
b c d c c b b d d c d c d d c
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
d c a a c c b a c a a b b b c
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
a a d bc d b b b b c a abcd d b c
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
d a c c d a b c c a c a d c
76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87
b b c a b c b c a c c d