j 2013.

2
1.
()

( 2 + 8 + 18 = 50)2

242

()

240

()

142

()

j j:

421

()

262.

( 2 + 2 2 + 3 2 + 5 2)2 = (11 2)2 = 121 2 = 242

2.

(a2 b2 c2 +2bc) : (a+bc), a, b, c j a+b 6= c,

j j:
()

a+bc

()

ab+c

()

abc

()

a+b+c

()

a + b + c.

(a2 (b2 2bc + c2 )) : (a + b c) = (a2 (b c)2 ) : (a + b c) =

(a (b c))(a + (b c))
=
=ab+c
a+bc

3.

x3 2x2 + ax + b

x+1

x1

2, j:
()

a = 1, b = 4

()

a = 2, b = 3

()

a = 0, b = 3

()

a = 0, b = 4

()

a = 1, b = 3.

p(x) = x3 2x2 + ax + b,

p(1) = 0 p(1) = 2.

j:

1 2 a + b = 0 1 2 + a + b = 2.

j:

(
a + b = 3
a+b=3
j j

a=0

b = 3.

4. j

j j:

()

a( 3 + 3)

()

a(2

3)

()

a(3 2 3)

()

a(2 3 3)

()

2a( 3 3).

DE

je

AB

ABC ,

CDE j, j j ABC.

ABC

h, a.

x. j CDF CAG ,
j

x
a
a 3
: (h x) = : h. h =
,
2
2

a(h x) xa 3
a 3
x 3
a 3 2x
xh
=
,
= a(
x),
=
, x( 3 + 2) = a 3,
2
2
2
2
2 2

a 3
32

, j: x = a(2 3 3).
x=
3+2
32
:

j:

5. H , j j a,
j j
j
()

a
(H x)
2

()

a2
(H x)
H

()

a2
(H + x)2
H

()

a
(H + x)2
2
H

()

a2
(H x)2 .
2
H

x.

P1 .

a, H

a
b
a
bH
a(H x)
: H =
: (H x), (H x) =
, aH ax = bH , b =
.
2
2
2
2
H
a2 (H x)2
j: P1 =
.
H2

6. j
()

()

()

()

()

x 2 + x 4 = 12

j?

4.

:
1

2
x 4 = t,
j x 0. j : t +t12 = 0.
1
1 1 + 48
, t1 = 3, t2 = 4. j x 4 = 4 j
j: t1,2 =
2
1
. j: x 4 = 3, x = 34 , x = 81, j

j .
7. j
()

()

()

()

()

log2 x + log4 x + log1 6x = 7

j?

0.

1
1
log2 x + log2 x = 7,
2
4
1 1
7
4
(1 + + ) log2 x = 7, log2 x = , log2 x = 4, x = 2 , x = 16. j
7
2 4
4
j j

x > 0. log2 x +

j .

8. j j

x1 =

10 72

x2 =

10 + 6 2

j:

28x2 10x+1 = 0 () 28x2 +20x+1 = 0 () 28x2 20x+1 = 0 () 18x2 20x+1 = 0

2
() 8x + 20x + 1 = 0.

()

c
b
x1 + x2 = x1 x 2 = .
a
a
1
20
1
10 + 6 2 + 10 6 2
+
=
, x1 + x2 =
=
100 72
28
10 6 2 10 + 6 2
1
1
1
1

=
= .
: x1 x
2 =
100 72
28
10 6 2 10 + 6 2
j j : a = 28, b = 20, c = 1, j
28x2 20x + 1 = 0.
:

9. j j j

f (x) = x2 + 6x 5

[2, 5]

j:
()

()

()

()

()

5.

f (x)

x=3
18 5 = 4.

j ,

x-

[2, 5],

x1,2 =

6
b
=
= 3.
2a
2
j j f (x) = 9 +

xmax =

36 20
, x1 = 1, x2 = 5,
2

[2, 5] , j .
x = 5 j f (x) = 0, j j .
j j j j: 4 + 0 = 4.
4

10. j j 93, j j.
j j , j. j
j:
()

3275

()

3225

()

3115

()

3175

()

3375.

x1 , x2 , x3 .

j:

x1 + x2 + x3 = 93.

j j ,

x2 = x1 + d, x3 = x1 + 6d, x2 = x1 q, x3 = x1 q 2 .
: x1 q = x1 +d, x1 (q 1) = d x1 q 2 = x1 +6d, x1 (q 2 1) = 6d. j
6d
d
= 2
, j: q 2 6q + 5 = 0, q1 = 5, q2 = 1. j q = 1
j
q1
q 1
j x1 = x2 = x3 , j j .
j q = 5, j x1 + 5x2 + 25x3 = 93, x1 = 3, x2 = 15, x3 = 75.
j: x1 x2 x3 = 3375.
:

11.
()
()

sin2 x sin2 y

j j:

sin(x + y) sin(x y) () sin(x + y) cos(x y) () cos(x + y) sin(x y)

cos(x + y) cos(x y) () sin(x + y) cos(x + y).

sin2 x sin2 y = sin2 x(sin2 y + cos2 y) sin2 y(sin2 x + cos2 x) =

= sin2 x cos2 y + sin2 x cos2 y sin2 x sin2 y sin2 y cos2 x =
= (sin x cos y sin y cos x)(sin x cos y + sin y cos x) = sin(x y) sin(x + y).

12. j j
()
()

(2k + 1)(k Z)

+ k(k Z).
6

()

+ k(k Z)
4

()

sin x = cos x

k(k Z)

()

+ k(k Z)
3

sin x = cos y

cos x,

+ m, m Z .
2

tgx = 1, j : x = + k, k Z
4
x 6=

j:

sin x
= 1,
cos x

13. j
()

159

()

131

()

112

()

218

x4 17x3 + 65x2 + 17x 66 = 0

()

j:

185.

17
x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 =
= 17
1
65
= 65.
x1 x2 + x1 x3 + x1 x4 + x2 x3 + x2 x 4 + x3 x4 =
1
:

j:

(x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 )2 = 289, (x1 + x2 )2 + 2(x1 + x2 )(x3 + x4 ) + (x3 + x4 )2 = 289

x21 + x22 + x23 + x24 + 2(x1 x2 + x1 x3 + x1 x4 + x2 x3 + x2 x4 + x3 x4 ) = 289
x21 + x22 + x23 + x24 + 2 65 = 289, x21 + x22 + x23 + x24 = 289 130 = 159.

1 2i
1i
1
3
() .
3
8

14. j
()

1
2

()

3
2

()

1
2

()

j:

1 2i 1 + i
1i+2
3i
z=

=
=
,
1i 1+i
1 + 1)
2
3
Re(z) = .
2

z,

3
8
2 tan =
, j sin
2
13
1
1
3
8
3
() ()
() () .
2
2
3
8
233

15. j
()

j:

sin
8
= , j, j:
cos
13
sin2
64
=
cos2
169
64
8
2
169 sin = 64(1 sin2 ), j: sin2 =
, sin =
.
233
233
j

16.

, j:

p : y = x + 7

M (1, 6)

sin =

8
233


()

x-

11

()

()

N (x , 0)
5

()

()

x =?

5.

y y = k(x x ).

x-

j :

y = x + 5.

j j

y = 0.

17. j j
()

()

a2 3
4

()

p j kp = 1.
1
1
k =
=
= 1.
kp
1

a3 2
12

()

a2 2

()

a,

x = 5.

j :

a2 6
.
4

, j :

18.
()

x y
11 () 31 () 12 () 18 () 5.

a2 3
P =4
= a2 3.
4

j:

x2 + y 2 10x + 17 = 0

j:

x2 + y 2 + px + qy m = 0 j p = 10, q = 0.

p
10
xc = =
= 5,
2
2
q
yc = = 0
2

19.
()

1
2

()

3
5

xc + yc = 5.

5x + 6y = 2
()

3
5

()

7x + 18y = 2

2
5

()

M (x, y)

x+y

j:

3
.
2

M jj j:
(
5x + 6y = 2
. :
7x + 18y = 2


5 6 

 = 90 42 = 48, :
=
7 18 
2 6 
 = 36 12 = 48
x = 

 2 18

5 2
 = 10 + 14 = 24. j j:
y = 
7 2
24
1
48
= 1 y =
= , j:
x=
48
48
2
1
1
x + y = 1 + = .
2
2

20. j
()

1
2

()

3
2

()

3
5

()

2
5

|z| z = 1 + 2i
()

j:

3
.
2

p j

z z = x + iy , j
2 + y 2 , j :
|z|
=
x
p
x2 + y 2 (x + iy) = 1 + 2i.

p j, j:

x2 + y 2 x = 1

y = 2. j y = 2, j : x2 + 4 = 1 + x.
j : 1 + x 0 x2 + 4 0 j:
x2 + 4 = 1 + 2x + x2 , 2x = 3, j j j:
3
x= .
2