Describing & Measuring

Motion
Motion, Force, and Energy
Section 1.1 Pg. 6

Describing Motion
Motion: when one objects distance from another is changing. Reference Point: a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.
An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a reference point.

Calculating Speed
Speed: the distance an object travels in a given amount of time. Distance Speed Equation: Speed = Time Measure the distance in meters and time in seconds. Meters per second Ex. 18m/s means that something went 18 meters in one second.

Calculate Practice
Jack ran 2000 meters. It took him 1000 seconds. At what speed was Jack running? Distance Speed = Time D = 2000m T = 1000s

Speed = 2000m 1000s *Jack ran 2m/s

Average Speed
Average Speed: the overall rate of speed at which an object moves.
Total distance = 32 km + 13 km = 45 km Total time = 2 h + 1 h =3h Average Speed = 45 km = 15 km/h 3h Instantaneous Speed: the rate at which an object is moving at a given instant in time.

Describing Velocity
Velocity: Speed in a given direction.
When you know both the speed and direction of an objects motion, you know the velocity of the object.

Ex. The velocity of the airplane is 125km/h Eastward.

It is very important for airplane pilots to know that velocity as to which they are flying so that they do not collide with another airplane.

Graphing Motion
Distance-versus-time graph http://www.broadeducation.com/htmlDemos/AbsorbPhysicsAdvd/DistanceTime/pa ge.htm * Time

is shown on the horizontal axis or x-axis. * Distance is shown on the vertical axis or y-axis. Slope: the steepness of a line on a graph, equal to its vertical
change divided by its horizontal change. Rise Slope Formula: Slope = Run In book pages 14 & 15

Review Questions!
1. 2.
3. 4. 5.

How do you know if an object is in motion? Suppose you are riding in a car. Describe your motion relative to the car, the road, and the sun. What is speed? What do you know about the motion of an object that has an average speed of 1m/s? What is the difference between speed and velocity?