FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT

1.

CONCEPT OF SCHOOL-BASED ASSESSMENT (PBS) QUESTION ANSWER

PBS is a holistic form of assessment which assesses the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains encompassing intellectual, emotional, spiritual and physical aspects. Thus PBS is in tandem with the Primary School Standard Curriculum as well as the National Education Philosophy. PBS can be used for both formative as well as summative assessment thus practising the concept of assessment for learning as well as assessment of learning. PBS assesses both academic and non academic fields. !t is planned and e"ecuted by th !"h##$ with adherence to procedures set forth by the E"aminations Syndicate. PBS is made up of two categories # academic and non academic. The academic category is made up of School $ssessment %PS& and Central $ssessment %PP&. The non academic component is made up of Psychometric $ssessment % PPsi& and $ssessment of Physical, Sports and Co curricular $ctivities %PAJSK&.

1.1

What is PBS?

QUESTION
1.%

ANSWER
No. Teachers have already carried out PBS through Penilaian 'er(a $mali %PE'$&, )(ian *isan Berasas+an Se+olah %)*BS&, Penta+siran *isan Berasas+an Se+olah %P*BS&, Per+ara $sas ,ardu $in %P$,$&, pro(ects, -ui..es, -uestion and answer sessions, presentations and others. PBS began in Y '( O) %*1%. in %*11 and F#(+ O) in

Is PBS new?

1.&

When was the improved PBS implemented?

Wh't '( th "#+-#) )t! #. PBS/

1.,

PBS is made up of two categories # academic and non academic. The academic category is made up of School $ssessment %PS& and Central $ssessment %PP&. The non academic component is made up of Psychometric $ssessment %PPsi& and $ssessment of Physical, Sports and Co curricular $ctivities %PAJSK&. /0E has introduced new features including the implementation of Standard 1eferenced $ssessment, $ssessment of Physical, Sports and Co curricular $ctivities %PAJSK&, Psychometric $ssessment %PPsi& and recording of pupils2 achievements in the PBS /anagement System %SPPBS&. The ob(ective of PBS is to +eep trac+ of each pupil2s progress, growth and achievement.

1.0

Wh't ) 1 . 't2( ! '( 3)t(#42" 4 3) PBS/

%.

SCHOOL ASSESSMENT (PS) QUESTION ANSWER

$ssessment that is planned, formulated, administered, scored, recorded and reported by teachers in the school. $ssessment is continuously carried out by teachers during the teaching and learning process. PS is carried out in the form of formative and summative assessment. ,ormative assessment is carried out during the process of teaching and learning. 0n the other hand summative assessment is carried out at the end of a learning unit, term, month or year. PS functions as both assessment for learning and assessment of learning.

%.1

Wh't 3! S"h##$ A!! !!+ )t (PS)/

%.%

Wh't 3! St')4'(4 R . ( )" 4 A!! !!+ )t/

Standard 1eferenced $ssessment reports pupil2s achievement with reference to the statements of standard for each sub(ect. The statements of standard is determined according to the pupil2s achievement as intended in the curriculum. St')4'(4 R . ( )" 4 A!! !!+ )t is introduced to trac+ the growth and development of each pupil through his3her performance.

QUESTION
%.& Wh't '( th '45')t'6 ! R . ( )" 4 A!! !!+ )t/ #. St')4'(4

ANSWER
Standard 1eferenced $ssessment reports pupils2 performance or achievement. Pupils are assessed fairly and (ustifiably based on an individual2s capability, ability, talent, s+ill and potential without comparing the individual with others.

%.,

Wh't 3! th (DSP)/

D#"2+ )t #. P (.#(+')"

St')4'(4 4ocument of Performance Standard contains guidelines for assessment and reports pupils2 achievements at different stages of learning as intended in the curriculum. This document includes bands, statements of standard, descriptors and evidence.

%.0

Wh't 3! th + ')3)6 #. b')4!7 !t't + )t! #. Bands report pupils2 achievement # Band 5 the highest and Band 6 the lowest. !t')4'(4 ')4 4 !"(3-t#(/ Statements of Standard refers to pupils2 achievement in general. 4escriptors are observable acts that can be measured to determine pupils2 achievement along the learning curve.

%.8

Wh ) 3! DSP 2! 4/

4SP is used to assess pupils during the teaching and learning process. 7owever, teachers must refer to the curriculum document to ensure the content and intended learning outcomes are being addressed. DSP/ DSP is formulated as a guidance for teachers to carry out PS in tandem with Standard 1eferenced $ssessment.
5

%.9

Wh't 3! th -2(-#! #. th

%.:

Sh#2$4 3)!t(2+ )t! .#( PS b !t')4'(43! 4/

!nstruments should not be standardised as teachers will need to provide a variey of instruments best suited for their pupils. Performance Standard is a set of statements detailing the achievement and mastery of an individual within a certain discipline, in a specific period of study based on an identified benchmar+. Teachers refer to the Performance Standard to ensure assessment activities are conducted fairly and in a focused manner.

%.;

Wh't 3! P (.#(+')" St')4'(4/

%.1*

M2!t ' -2-3$ +'!t ( '"h 4 !"(3-t#( 3) #(4 ( t# 8es, pupils must master all descriptors in order to '"h3 5 ' -'(t3"2$'( b')4/ achieve a particular band. /astery of each descriptor provides proof that the pupil has mastered all the content standard3learning outcome for the particular band. C') ' -2-3$ b '!! !! 4 .#( ' h36h ( b')4 5 ) 8es, pupils can be assessed for a higher band even th#26h h <!h h'5 )#t +'!t ( 4 '$$ th 4 !"(3-t#(! though he3she have not mastered all the descriptors in 3) ' -( 53#2! b')4/ the previous band because teachers teach according to the Standard Curriculum3Syllabus and not the DSP. 7owever, pupils must provide evidence be it verbally or written to show that he3she has mastered the descriptors in the previous band.

%.11

%.1%

M2!t !"h##$! "#)t3)2 t# "'((y #2t (Penilaian Kerja Amali Sains (PEKA)7 Penilaian Lisan Berasaskan PEKA and PLBS/ULBS must be carried out because they Sekolah/Ujian Lisan Berasaskan Sekolah are components of PS. 7owever, coursewor+ for KHB (PLBS/ULBS) ')4 K +'h3(') H342- B (! -'42 need not be carried out in ,orm 6 starting 9:69.
6

(KHB) "#2(! 1#(= 3) F#(+ 1/

QUESTION
%.1& C') LINUS b 2! 4 3) PBS/

ANSWER
No. *!N)S is a program aimed at identifying pupils who fail to master the s+ills of reading, writing and arithmetic %;1s&. 0n the other hand PBS is a system and in PS %which is a component of PBS& pupils are assessed based on the Performance Standard for the particular sub(ect.

%.1,

I! 3t ) " !!'(y t# "#)42"t +#)th$y >'+! ')4 )4 #. y '( >'+!/

!t depends on the purpose of the e"ams. !f the purpose is to ran+ pupils, the scope of the e"am should cover both conte"t and contructs % +nowledge and s+ills measured& for the sub(ect. Should the School PBS Committee choose to ran+ pupils according to bands, the e"am -uestions or tas+s must be based on evidence in the Performance Standards.

%.10

A( -2-3$! 1h# h'5 )#t +'!t ( 4 ' -'(t3"2$'( !=3$$<=)#1$ 46 3) PS ( '!! !! 4/

Pupils must be reassessed until they achieve the +nowledge or s+ill necessary in PS.

%.18

C') ' GSTT b "#+ ') '--('3!#(/

8es, because GSTT have been appointed to conduct teaching and learning in the classroom. ,urthermore assessment must be carried out by the teacher teaching the sub(ect.
7

&.

CENTRAL ASSESSMENT (PP) QUESTION ANSWER

PP is an assessment conducted in school. 7owever assessment procedures, instruments , tas+s, guidelines, scoring guide, grading and reporting is done by *P. There are 9 types of tas+s # long term tas+ and short term tas+. *ong term tas+ is carried out within ; to < wee+s and short term tas+ is carried out within 9 wee+s. PP for primary schools is conducted at *evel 9. PP for secondary schools is conducted in ,orms 9 and ;. $ssignments may be carried out in groups but scores must be awarded individually.

&.1

Wh't 3! C )t('$ A!! !!+ )t (PP)/

&.%

Wh't '( th ty- ! #. t'!=! '!!36) 4 3) PP/

&.&

Wh ) 3! PP "'((3 4 #2t/

&.,

C') PP b "'((3 4 #2t 3) 6(#2-!/

,.

ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL ACTI?ITIES7 SPORTS AND CO-CURRICULUM (PAJSK) QUESTION ANSWER

PAJSK administers, records and reports pupils2 involvement in sports, curricular and e"tra curricular activities. Standard Kecergasan Fizikal Kebangsaan %SEGAK& dan Body /ass !nde" %B/!& is carried out to assess and report pupils2 physical activities. !n primary schools, PAJSK is carried out in 8ear < beginning 9:6<, 8ear = beginning 9:6= and 8ear 5 beginning in 9:65. !n secondary schools, PAJSK is carried out in ,orm 6 beginning 9:69, ,orm 9 beginning 9:6;,,orm ; beginning 9:6<, ,orm < beginning 9:6= and ,orm = beginning 9:65.

,.1

Wh't 3! A!! !!+ )t #. Phy!3"'$7 S-#(t! ')4 C#"2((3"2$'( A"t353t3 ! (PAJSK)/

,.%

Wh ) 3! PA@SK "'((3 4 #2t 3) PBS/

0.

PSYCHOMETRIC ASSESSMENT (PPSI)/ SOALAN MAKLUMBALAS

PPsi is carried out in schools to measure pupils2 innate and ac-uired abilities, thin+ing s+ills, problem solving s+ills, career preferences, talent, attitude and personality. PPsi is neither based on the learning process nor the curriculum. !n primary schools, PPsi is carried out in 8ear < beginning 9:6< and 8ear 5 beginning 9:65. !n secondary schools, PPsi is carried out in ,orm 6 beginning 9:69, ,,orm ; beginning 9:6<, ,orm < beginning 9:6= and ,orm = beginning 9:65.

0.1

Wh't 3! P!y"h#+ t(3" A!! !!+ )t (PPsi)/

0.%

Wh ) 3! P!y"h#+ t(3" A!! !!+ )t (PPsi) "'((3 4 #2t/

0.&

Wh't 3! th ( $'t3#)!h3- b t1

) PPsi ')4 PS/

!nformation obtained from PPsi can help teachers to adapt and adopt teaching methodologies and develop a variety of assessment tools most appropriate to their pupils needs.

OPERATION
10

SOALAN
8.1 H#1 3! PBS "'((3 4 #2t 3) !"h##$!/

MAKLUMBALAS
PBS should be carried out by referring to the Pand an Peng r san PBS and related circulars concerning PBS issued by the E"aminations Syndicate. 3) !n under enrolled schools, a teacher may have to hold more than one portfolio in the committee.

8.% 8.&

Wh't 3! th "#+-#!3t3#) #. th 2)4 ( )(#$$ 4 !"h##$!/

PBS C#++3tt

I! 3t ) " !!'(y .#( ' -2-3$ 1h# h'! A2!t ( t2() 4 .(#+ !t is not necessary because PS is carried out during ' -(#$#)6 4 ( !34 )" #5 (! '!<'b! )" .(#+ the process of teaching and learning. !"h##$ b ( '!! !! 4 .#( PS 1h3"h h <!h h'! +3!! 4/ I! 3t ) " !!'(y .#( ' -2-3$ 1h# h'! A2!t ( t2() 4 .(#+ PP is carried out within a specific time frame as ' -(#$#)6 4 ( !34 )" #5 (! '!<'b! )" .(#+ stipulated by the E"aminations Syndicate. PP cannot !"h##$ b ( '!! !! 4 .#( PP 1h3"h h <!h h'! be carried out at other times outside the set duration. +3!! 4/ C') ' -2-3$ b > +-t 4 .(#+ PBS/ E"emption is not an issue as assessment is carried out at the pupils2 level of achievement3proficiency during the process of teaching and learning.

8.,

8.0

8.8

H#1 3! PBS "'((3 4 #2t .#( -2-3$! 13th !- "3'$ Pupils with Special Needs are assessed and ) 4!/ evaluated using a special Performance Standard with appropriate mechanisms. $dministrators must provide special services,e-uipment or customised software for assessment as necessary.

11

QUESTION
8.9 H#1 ( $3'b$ t '"h (!/ '( '!! !!+ )t ( !2$t! "#)42"t 4 by

ANSWER
Teachers are the most appropriate person to assess their own pupils because they # can continuously monitor their pupils2 development can provide constructive feedbac+ to help pupils improve their performance better understand the conte"t and environment most conducive for pupils development appraise and provide feedbac+ based on the Performance Standards

Teachers2 integrity should not be doubted. Credibility is ensured through mentoring, coordination, monitoring and tre++ing.

MANABEMENT OF PUPILSC E?IDENCE

12

QUESTION
9.1 Wh't 3! 534 )" /

ANSWER
Evidence can be divided into two # pupils and materials. Pupils are considered the best evidence for some s+ills because they can display an ac-uired ability either through action or orally. /aterial evidence refers to processes or products such as photos, graphics, artifacts, reports etc. produced by pupils in carrying out set tas+s.

9.% 9.&

Wh ( 3! th

534 )" !t#( 4/

/aterial evidence must be +ept in Fail Perkembangan ! rid "FP!# and Fail S$%&case "FS#' Fail Perkembangan ! rid "FP!# stores all evidence of a pupil2s achievement and development in the learning process. There should be a Fail Perkembangan ! rid "FP!# for every pupil. !t is used to +eep evidence for all sub(ects he3she ta+es. $ll evidence must be recorded in a form for Fail Perkembangan ! rid "FP!#. Fail Perkembangan ! rid "FP!# stores the latest evidence for each descriptor. Previous evidence are returned to their owners.

Wh't 3! Fail Perkembangan M ri!/

QUESTION
9., Sh#2$4 534 )" 3) t >t b##=! ')4 '"t353ty b##=! b

ANSWER
!t is not necessary. Teachers need only record pupils2
13

"#-3 4 ')4 = -t 3) th FPM/ 9.0 Wh# 3! ( !-#)!3b$ .#( 2-4't3)6 th FPM/

achievement in the form for FP! and also the SPPBS Teachers teaching each sub(ect are responsible for updating the evidence for PS. Class3,orm teachers are responsible for updating evidence in PAJSK. No, it is not confidential. FP! can be assessed by interested parties to trac+ pupils2 accomplishment of +nowledge and s+ill. The pupils themselves are evidence for listening and spea+ing s+ills. They should be able to interact and respond appropriately in different situations. Fail S$%&case "FS# stores the best evidence for all descriptorsfor all sub(ects. FS functions as a benchmar+ for a particular standard of achievement or proficiency. There should be an FS for each 8ear3,orm or class. )4 #. th !"h##$ FS must be prepared at the beginning of the year and updated throughout the year because teaching, learning and assessment is a continuous effort. FS must be updated throughout the shool year.

9.8

I! th FPM "$'!!3.3 4 '! "#).34 )t3'$/

9.9

Wh't 3! th !=3$$!/

534 )" .#( L3!t )3)6 ')4 S- '=3)6

9.:

Wh't 3! Fail Sho"#ase $FS%/

9.;

C') th y '(/

FS b

-( -'( 4 't th

SOALAN
9.1* Wh ) "') th PS 534 )" b 4 !t(#y 4/

MAKLUMBALAS
$ll evidence should be returned to their owners %pupils& after it has been recorded in the PBS
14

/anagement System # SPPBS. $ll evidence that is not claimed by their owners should be destroyed after 9 wee+s of recording in the SPPBS.

QUALITY ASSURANCE QUESTION ANSWER

>uality $ssurance is carried out to ensure PBS is of
15

:.1

What is meant by quality assurance?

the highest -uality and is carried out according to the guidelines provided.Stringent measures must be underta+en by all concerned to ensure -uality is assured in all aspects and at each stage of the assessment. 0nly thus can the assessment produce information that is accurate and reflects the true ability of the pupils assessed. >uality $ssurance is achieved through mentoring, coordination, monitoring and tre++ing :.% Wh't 3! + )t#(3)6/ . /entoring is the process of assisting, facilitating and guiding teachers to carry out PBS according to the correct procedures and principles of PBS. /entoring also ensures that teachers2 +nowledge and understanding of PBS is constantly enhanced and updated. !nternal mentoring is carried out by Senior Teachers3 7eads of 4epartments, /aster Trainers, G r (emerlang and Principals or 7ead Teachers. E"ternal mentoring is carried out by officers from the E"aminations Syndicate3State Education 4epartments and 4istrict Education 0ffice.

QUESTION
:.& Wh't 3! +#)3t#(3)6/

ANSWER
/onitoring is the process of ensuring that the correct procedures as outlined by the E"aminations Syndicate have been observed in carrying out PBS.
16

,re-uency of monitoring depends on the PBS Committee !nternal monitoring is carried out by Senior Teachers3 7eads of 4epartments, /aster Trainers, G r (emerlang and Principals or 7ead Teachers. E"ternal monitoring is carried out by officers from the E"aminations Syndicate3State Education 4epartments 4istrict Education 0ffice or other 4ivisions in the /inistry of Education %/0E&. :., Wh't 3! "##(43)'t3#)/ Coordination ensures that the score awarded for tas+s3assignments is not only fair but also reliable and valid. Coordination is necessary to ensure the reliability and credibility of the assessment outcome. !nternal Coordination is carried out by Senior Teachers3 7eads of 4epartments, /aster Trainers, G r (emerlang and Principals or 7ead Teachers. E"ternal Coordination is carried out by officers from the E"aminations Syndicate3State Education 4epartments and 4istrict Education 0ffice.

SOALAN
:.0 Wh't 3! t( ==3)6/

MAKLUMBALAS
Tre++ing is the process of evaluating assessment instruments used to carry out PBS in order to# 6. !dentify the strength, wea+nesses practicality of said instruments
17

and

9. Evaluate reliability and validity of said instruments ;. Suggest improvements to the instruments Tre++ing is carried out by officers from the E"aminations Syndicate or others appointed by the E"aminations Syndicate. :.8 A( !"h##$! '$$#1 4 t# "'((y #2t "(#!! +#)3t#(3)6 Schools may conduct cross monitoring with 13th ) 36hb#2(3)6 !"h##$! t# b ) .3t #. b#th -'(t3 !/ neighbouring schools as such cooperation will enhance the effectiveness of PBS. A( !"h##$! '$$#1 4 t# "'((y #2t "(#!! "##(43)'t3#) Schools may do so to ensure the appropriateness of 13th ) 36hb#2(3)6 !"h##$! t# b ) .3t #. b#th -'(t3 !/ the assessment instruments 3tas+s3assignments used during the process of teaching, learning and assessment.

:.9

SCHOOL-BASED ASSESSMENT MANABEMENT SYSTEM (SPPBS) QUESTION ANSWER

The PBS /anagement System %SPPBS& is an
18

;.1

Wh't 3! SPPBS/

application developed by /0E to record and store information on pupils2 achievement in PBS. SPPBS can generate reports of pupils2 achievement. ;.% Wh ) "') t '"h (! ( "#(4 -2-3$!C '"h3 5 + )t 3) PS PS data can be recorded at any time. ')4 PAJSK 3) th SPPBS/ 4ata entry into P$?S' will be determined by the E"aminations Syndicate. H#1 3! 4't' #. -2-3$! 1h# t(')!. ( t# ' ) 1 !"h##$ The transferring pupil2s particulars must first be > "2t 4/ cancelled in the APD! by the teacher from the original school. 0nce the new school registers the pupil into $P4/ the previous data can be retrieved. H#1 4# !"h##$! 13th#2t '"" !! t# th ( "#(4 -2-3$!C 4't' 3) th SPPBS/ 3)t () t ,or schools without access to the internet the SPPBS stand alone version can be used. The stand alone C4 can be obtained from State Education 4epartments and 4istrict Education 4epartments. $ny teacher who teaches a particular sub(ect can report pupils progress by generating reports through SPPBS.

;.&

;.,

;.0

Wh# 3!!2 ! ' ( -#(t #) -2-3$!C '"h3 5 + )t!/

QUESTION
;.8 C') -2-3$! '"h3 5 + )t b '"" !! 4 1h ) 5 ( ) 4 4/

ANSWER
8es, progress reports can be obtained from teachers who teach the sub(ect.

19

;.9

H#1 "') -'( )t! #bt'3) . "h3$4( )C! '"h3 5 + )t/

4b'"= 'b#2t th 3( $ descriptive and formative report can be generated via the SPPBS whenever needed. The report contains information about pupils2 achievement at the particular stage.

20