Psychoanalys is Sigmund Freud

Chapter 2

Sigmund Freud - Background

Born in Moravia in 1856 to a Jewish family His mother was very loving and protective; his father was stern Moved to Vienna as a young child Established a practice as a clinical neurologist Focused on neurosis emotional disturbance of otherwise normally functioning individuals Published The Interpretation of Dreams in 1900

The Origins of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis began with the case history of Joseph Breuers patient, Anna O. Anna O. experienced conversion disorder (called hysteria at the time) Breuer used hypnosis and talking method After talking about her fathers illness and death, Anna O.s symptoms were relieved Catharsis an emotional release

The Origins of Psychoanalysis

Freud used the talking method Resistance force that prevented the patient from becoming aware of events and kept them in the unconscious Repression blocking of a wish or desire from the consciousness An emotion that is prevented from being expressed normally may be expressed through a neurotic symptom

The Origins of Psychoanalysis

The psychoanalytic method of assessment and research included two primary procedures:
Free association Interpretation of dreams and slips involves free association with the dream or slip.
Manifest meaning Latent meaning

The Dynamics and Development of Personality

The importance of sexuality
The nature of repressed wishes and desires is sexual Pleasure seeking Libido emotional and psychic energy derived from the biological drive or sexuality Drive psychological or mental representation of an inner bodily source of excitement
Eros Thanatos

The Dynamics and Development of Personality

The psychosexual stages of development libido invests itself in various erogenous zones as we age
Oral stage (birth to 1 year old) Anal stage (1 to 2 years old) Phallic stage (3 to 6 years old)
Oedipus complex castration anxiety - resolution Electra complex penis envy

Latency (7 years old until puberty) Genital stage (puberty through adulthood)

Freud's Psychosexual Stages

The Dynamics and Development of Personality

Lingering effects of the psychosexual stages can cause adult traits and disorders Libido
Frustrated Overindulged Fixation

The Structure of Personality

Id, Ego, and Superego represent different functions of personality
Id pleasure principle Ego reality principle Superego conscience Conflict Anxiety

Anxiety
Reality anxiety Neurotic anxiety Moral anxiety Defense mechanisms
Repression Denial Projection Reaction Formation Regression Rationalization Identification Displacement Sublimation

What Defense Mechanism is it?

The boy has a crush on his friend, Leah. Instead of telling her, however, he starts making fun of her. A woman who dislikes her boss thinks she like her boss but feels that the boss doesn't like her. A smoker concludes that the evidence linking cigarette use to health problems is scientifically worthless. A man feels guilty about having thoughts about cheating on his wife. He then starts blaming her of wanting to cheat on him. The man with the terminal disease says oh theyll find a cure before I die A man with shoe fetish gets a job in at a shoe store so he can look at shoes all day without seeming strange. She cant remember the details of her abuse. After parental scolding, a young girl takes her anger out on her little brother. A traumatized soldier has no recollection of the details of a close brush with death. A woman with a lot of anger takes up kickboxing to vent it out.

Psychoanalysis
Transference patient transfers to the analyst emotional attitudes felt as a child toward significant persons
Positive Negative

Analytic process allows patients to rework important relationships to a more satisfactory resolution

Empirical Validation of Psychoanalytic Concepts

Freuds views of female psychosexuality have faced scrutiny Concepts relating to oral and anal personality have been supported empirically Difficult to translate Freuds concepts into operational definitions that allow testing Advanced neuroscientific techniques lend credence to many of Freuds insights Nature or neurosis and therapeutic techniques viable believed and used!!!

Evaluating Freuds Theory

Freuds theory needs to be evaluated using philosophical criteria
Coherence Relevance Comprehensiveness Compellingness