United Arab Emirates University

College of Engineering
Training and Graduation Projects Unit
Prepared by:
Shamma Al Dhaheri 200320516
Mariam Al Suwaidi 200206444
Aysha Al Dhaheri 200301989
Eiman Al Ssalmi 200208321
Aisha Alsaadi 200312835

Advisor:
Dr. Khaleel Al Hosani

1
Outline
s
Objectives
Introduction
Loads And Design Method
Pile Foundation
Structure Modeling
Raft, Retaining Wall And Water Tank Roof
Design
Conclusion
2
3
Dr.Khale
el Al-
hosani
Eng.Ma
kar
Nageh
Dr.Khale
d El-
sawy
Prof.Osa
ma Abu
Zeid
Dr.Sami
r Imam
Dr.Bilal
El-Ariss
Than
k You
Objectives
State loads and codes according to the
international and the municipality codes.

Model the structure in ETABs program.

Design the raft foundation, retaining wall
and water tank roof slab.

Mention some cost considerations.






4
Introduction
Proposed project description.
Construction Materials.
Concrete
Reinforcement
Structural Steel
Masonry
Safety Considerations.




5
Standards and Codes of Practice:
ASCE 02: Loading for buildings Part 1, Dead & Imposed Loads
ASCE 02: Loading for buildings Part 2, Wind Loads
ASCE 02: Loading for buildings Part 3, Imposed Roof Loads
ACI 318-02: Structural Use of Concrete Part 1,2,3
UCB 97: Division IV Earthquake Design

Programs:
ETABS Version 2.0
SAFE Version 8.1.0

6
Loads and Design
Method
Dead
Live

Earthquake

Wind
Temperature
Uplift
Earth
Pressure
7
Loads
In structural design, some factors should be
accounted for :

Type of structure.

Geographic location.

Building usage.

Distribution and nature (static or dynamic) of the
load.

8
Column
Beam
Slab
Wall
D.L = 1 KN / m
2
D.L = 2 KN / m
2

Flooring = 1.5 KN/m
2
Services = 0.5 KN /m
2

Wall Partitions = 3.5 KN/m
2

9
10
2 KN/m
2
3 KN/m
2
2 KN / m
2
3.5 KN/m
2
Seismic Zone Factor (Table 16-I) Z = 0.15
Soil Profile Type According soil report Sc
Seismic Coefficient (Table 16-Q) C
a
= 0.18
Seismic Coefficient (Table 16-R) C
v
= 0.25
Importance factor of buildings(Table 16-K) I = 1.00
Numerical Coefficient (Table 16-N) Z = 4.50
Factor C
t
C
t
= 0.0488

11
Design wind speed v = 45.00 m/s
Wind load q = 1.30 kN/m
2


12
Load case: Cooling
Superposed outside temperature loa T
out
= (35-10) = -25 C
Superposed inside temperature load T
in
= (35-20) = -15 C


Load case: Heating
Superposed outside temperature load T
out
= (50-20) = +30 C
Superposed inside temperature load T
in
= (20-20) = -0 C

13
Define Pile foundation.




Pile
Foundation
14

Transmit a foundation load to the ground.
Resist vertical, lateral and uplift load.



Function of
Piles
15
Classification of Piles
End bearing piles.
Friction piles.
Combination of friction and cohesion piles.

16

Pile Arrangement and
Spacing

17
S = 2.5 (d) + 0.02 (L)
Where:
d = assumed pile diameter
L = assumed pile length
S = spacing between two piles

Spacing 3.5(d)
Spacing between piles in one group= 2.5m to 3m



Q
ultimate
= Q
tip
+ Q
friction


Where :-
Q
ultimate
total pile resistance,
Q
tip
is the end bearing resistance
Q
friction
is skin friction resistance



18

Pile Foundations Design

Q
tip
= q
tip
. A
tip

Q
f
= f . Circumference

Where f = (Area of effective vertical pressure) *( Coefficient
of lateral earth pressure K = 0.28) *( tan (concrete pile) =
0.45)

Factor of safety = 3
19
20

Excel Sheet
Result



21

Design Steps Using ETABs
Program

22
Modifying The Plan in
ETABs
23
Defining Floors Height
Concrete frame design.

Materials and sections (wall, columns, slabs).

Define loads.

24
Defining The Code
25
Concrete Frame
Design


Concrete grade 60000KN/m
2
for walls and columns.
Concrete grade 40000KN/m
2
for slabs.

26
Materials And Sections
27
There were two different sections for the wall :
Thickness = 50cm
Thickness = 60cm
28
There were two different columns sections:
COL. = 110X50 cm
COL. = 100X50 cm
29
There were two different slabs with thickness of :
Slab = 30 cm
Slab = 25 cm
Floor type Dead load
(KN/m
2
)
Live load
(KN/m
2
)
Ground 3 5
Typical 5.5 2
Roof 5.5 2
Penthouse 5.5 2
Mechanical 1 10
GYM 1 10
Parking 1.5 3.5
30
Define Loads
31
32
Assign the supports
Check the model and run the analysis
33
Deformed Shapes of the
Building
34
35
Exporting the reaction of the columns and walls to Safe
Program
36
Modeling the Raft Foundation Using
Safe Program
37
38
Inserting the piles dimension:
Pile 1 = 9 m
Pile 2 = 10 m
Define Piles Dimension
39
There were two rafts with different thickness:
Raft1 thickness = 1.5 m
Raft 2 thickness = 2 m
40







Thickness = 2.5 m Thickness = 1.5m
41
Strips Layer Plan
42
Strip layer in x direction
Strip layer in y direction
43
Run the Program to Find the
Raft Reinforcement
44
45
46
47
48
Two ways shear

49

Bunching Shear

50

Check Punching
Shear

Retaining Wall Design
Earth pressures will push the wall forward or overturn
it if not properly addressed.

Any groundwater behind the wall that is not dissipated
by a drainage system causes an additional horizontal
hydrostatic pressure on the wall.

51
A wall was Drawn for two basement
floors
52
Design of Retaining Wall
Assumptions made before design:
Unit weight of the soil = 17 KN/m
3
Unit weight of the water = 9.81 KN/m
3

Earth pressure coefficient k
a
= 0.5
Surcharge load = 5 KN/m

53

Design Steps Using ETABs
Program

Then values for the loads were entered:







54
8
Earth Pressure= ()(Ka)(height) = (17)(0.5)(6) =51KN/m
2

55

Earth Pressure

Surcharge Pressure = (5)(Ka)= (5)(0.5)=2.5 KN/m2

56
Surcharge
Pressure
Water Pressure=()(height)=(9.81)(2)=19.62KN/m
2

57
Water Pressure
58
Displaying Moment
59
Deformed Shape Of The
Wall
Where:
fy : Yield strength of the steel reinforcement = 460MPa
f
c

: Concrete compressive strength = 28 MPa,

b : Width of one strip = 1000 mm
= 1
Rn : Resitance
Mu : Moment
: Steel reinforcement ratio
As : Area of the steel needed
d : Depth ( 25 cm or 30 cm)


60

=
|
\

|
.
|

085
1 1
2
085
. '
. '
f
f
R
f
c
y
n
c
) )( )( ( d b A
s
=
2
d b
M
R
u
n
|
=
61
Wall Reinforcement
Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4
Moment (KN.m) -3.61 36.09 -40.05 88.51
0.00013 0.00013 0.00097 0.0022

min
0.001643 0.001643 0.001643 0.001643
used 0.001643 0.001643 0.001643 0.0022
As (mm
2
) 410.75 410.75 492.9 660
#bars dim. bar 3 14 3 14 4 16 5 16
Spacing (cm) 15 15 15 15
62
Exporting AutoCAD tank drawing to safe Program
63
Define the Slab properties

64
Tank Roof Design
65

Define Static Load Case

66
The Slab Deformed
Shape
The tank slab reinforcement have bar diameter of
16mm at spacing 200mm
67
There is no additional reinforcement needed.



68
Project Feasibility
69
Pile foundations spread over the entire area
of the building under vertical loads.


Decrease the thickness of raft foundation

Used the factor of safety=3 in pile capacity
calculation
70
Conclusion
Cost minimizing considerations were mentioned.

Design and analysis of the proposed high-rise
building foundations have been finished.





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