Chapter 13

Monday, January 27, 2014 10:07 AM

Rate law- An equation relating rate and concentration of reactants and catalst General reaction A+B + C -> D + E Or A + B -c-> D + E Rate law, Rate = k * [A]^m * [B]^n * [C]^p Mth order with respect to A Nth order with respect to B Pth order with respect to C (m+n+p)^th order = overall order 2NO2(g) + F2(g) -> 2NO2F2 Rate = k[NO2][F2] = 2nd order Every chemical reaction has its own rate law and it's own rate constant m,n,p are usually small whole numbers (0,1,2) but they could be fractions and they could be negative The values of m,n,p usually have no relation to the vaues of a,b,c. The values of m,n,p have to be determined experimentally. H2O2 + 3I- (aq) +2H+ (aq) -> I3-(aq)+ 2H2O(l) Determine the rate law: k,m,n,p Example: 2N2O5(g) -> 2N2(g) + 5O2(g) Experiment Exp 1 Exp 2 9.6/4.8 = 2 Experiment Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Experiment 3 [NO], M .0125 .0250 .0125 [O2] M .0253 .0254 .0506 Initial Rate M/s .0281 .112 .0561 [N2O5]0, M 1.0*10^-2 2.0*10^-2 Initial Rate M/s 4.8*10^-6 9.6*10^-6

.0561/.0281 = 1.9964 .112/.0281 = 3.9858

Table 13.1 Effect on rate of doubling the initial concentration of reactant When rate is multiplied by 1/2, m = -1 When rate is multiplied by 1, m = 0 When rate is multiplied by 2, m = 1 When rate is multiplied by 4, m = 2