Vmware Interview Questions:1. Transparent Page Sharing (TPS) When multiple virtual machines are running some o!

them ma" have i#entical sets o! memor" content. This presents opportunities !or sharing memor" across virtual machines (as well as sharing within a single virtual machine). $or e%ample several virtual machines ma" &e running the same guest operating s"stem have the same applications or contain the same user #ata. With page sharing the h"pervisor can reclaim the re#un#ant copies an# onl" 'eep one cop" which is share# &" multiple virtual machines in the host ph"sical memor". (s a result the total virtual machine host memor" consumption is re#uce# an# a higher level o! memor" overcommitment is possi&le. ).*allooning I#eall" a V+ !rom which memor" has &een reclaime# shoul# per!orm as i! it ha# &een con!igure# with less memor". ,S- Server uses a ballooning techni.ue to achieve such pre#icta&le per!ormance &" coa%ing the guest /S into cooperating with it when possi&le. This process is #1epicte# 0.1"pervisor Swapping 1"pervisor Swapping In the cases where *allooning (an# TPS) are not su!!icient to reclaim memor" ,S- emplo"s 1"pervisor Swapping to reclaim memor". (t guest startup the h"pervisor creates a separate swap !ile !or the guest. This !ile locate# in the guest2s home #irector" has an e%tension .vswp 34S &ase# on pre-#e!ine# rules intelligentl" allocating availa&le resources among the virtual machines /ptimi5e har#ware utili5ation automaticall" 1( V+ware 1( ensures that su!!icient resources are availa&le in the resource pool at all times to &e a&le to restart virtual machines on #i!!erent ph"sical servers in the event o! server !ailure. 4estart o! virtual machines is ma#e possi&le &" the Virtual +achine $ile S"stem (V+$S) V+/TI/6 1. Entire state of a virtual machine is encapsulated by a set of files stored on shared storage such as FC,SCSI,NFS 2. emory and system state, E!ecution State "ill be transferred#copy the $I% &' to ( instantaneously from running ES) to another ES) *. Net"or+s being used by the virtual machine are also virtuali,ed by the underlying ES) host ( otion manages the virtual &C address as part of the process. -nce the destination machine is activated, ( otion pings the net"or+ router to ensure that it is a"are of the ne" physical location of the virtual &C address S( -%I-N live migration of virtual machine dis+ files "ithin and across storage arrays "ith no do"ntime or disruption in service. Storage ( otion relocates virtual machine dis+ files from one shared storage location to another shared storage location "ith ,ero do"ntime, 'ort .roups 1.(irtual achine/0sed for ( net"or+1 2.Service Console/0sed for Service Console Communications1 *.(m 2ernel/0sed for ( otion, iSCSI, NFS Communications1 3hat are the files that ma+e ( 4

File.( ),.File.N(5& .,.File.(S3&',File.vmf!,.File.vmsd,snapshot database.vmsn,( $-IS.vmd+,(irtual machine dis+file.vs"p,(m snapshot file.vmss,etc. ( 6igh &vailability Fault %olerance

Automatic creation of secondary virtual machines. Automatically trigger the creation of a new secondary virtual machine after failover, to ensure continuous protection to the application additional dedicated gigabit Ethernet network What are the different types of Virtualization? Server,Storage,application, resentation,!ardware,"etwork# V$% V&ware $onsolidate %ackup is used as mediator between the backup software and Virtual machines ' ES( hosts#

What is a VNIC? A VNIC is a virtual nic which is added when we create a virtual machine. Its a software based nic (virtualized nic) which enables the communication between vms or between a vm or vSwitch vSwitch? A vSwitch is nothing but the h!sical nic which is installed on the "S# server. $he same h!sical nic shared to all the virtual machines hosted on that articular "S# server. So it is acting as a Switch in this scenario. %e can connect&configure '(') virtual machines to use a h!sical nic* in other words we can create a virtual switch that contain '(') orts. No h!sical switch rovides these man! orts in real time. And in other case* we can create the vSwitch with out an! h!sical nic also. Its urel! software based vSwitch (the same is used between V+' and V+,).

Unable to power on the Virtual Machine, How to fix it?

If the virtual machine is running in a cluster of es- hosts* some times it wont ower on. %h! because* the files that are associated with that V+ are loc.ed b! the host at the time of running. So when !ou tr! to vmotion the vm from one host to another host* the first host releases those files and again loc.ed b! the second host. So what is meant b! loc.ing here* and wh! it is ha ening/ 0oc.ing is nothing but* the registration of a vm with a host. this ha ens ever!time when the vm is hosted on a host. this is hel ful to revent the access to the same vm for remaining hosts in the cluster. %h! the vm fails when tr!ing to ower it on/

%hen the files associated with that V+ are loc.ed b! a host it wont owered on. At that time* !ou must unregister the vm from the host using vmware1cmd utilit

How to fix HA errors in VMware S! Server?

'. +a.e sure all the hosts in the cluster are able to resolve each other b! host name. ,. If the! were not able to do so* chec. the 2NS settings. 3. 4est solution is to add all the hosts names and i addresses into &etc&hosts file on all "S# servers in the cluster. 5ut the "S# server in maintenance mode before doing an! changes. 6. "-it from the maintenance mode and tr! to reconfigure the 7A on all the "S# hosts one b! one* that8s it !our roblem will be fi-e
Host Profiles# )sing !ost rofiles we can create a baseline profile image of one ES( Server and applying it to the remaining hosts in the $luster# With that the configuration of all the ES( hosts looks similar like mirror images# %efore taking the baseline from the first ES( server, we have to make sure all the configuration is accurate to avoid problems in the future RDM (Raw Device Mappings) : *enerally when we create a Virtual &achine we will create'allocate some space to the #vmdk file which is used as the internal hard disk for the Virtual &achine# We can create'allocate space for #vmdk file from the above + storage types# %ut those cannot be directly accessed by the Virtual &achine# ,irst ES( server accesses it and it passes that access to the Virtual &achine# %ut using -.& we can give direct access to the Virtual &achine to the above said storages# %ut one disadvantage of -.& is we cannot take snapshots if we configure it as hysical#

What happens when "ou ta#e a snapshot of virtual $achine? %hen !ou ta.e a sna shot of virtual machine* it ma.es a co ! of the .vmd. file and its memor!* saves them along with the other virtual machine files.
"vmware-cmd createsnapshot "

each snapshot occupies the same size of #vmdk file in the datastore# So if you take more snapshots, more space will be utilized#

%istribute& vSwitch 'VI% () $his is an e-tra1ordinar! feature of vS here 6.(* which saves lot of administrative time in configuring networ.ing on each and ever! single "S# server in a cluster individuall!. %ith this ultimate feature we can configure a dvSwitch at the cluster level* which is a lied to all the hosts. So that the networ. configuration on all hosts remains identical which avoids networ. related issues while doing v+otion li.e things.