Topic Static Electricity MYP year level 3 Syed Arshad Mushtaq

Lesson Objective
Understand static electricity
Describe how charge build up on certain objects.

Have you ever

Have you ever stuck a

balloon to the wall after rubbing it on your head? Has your jumper ever made crackling noises when you took it off? Have you ever got an electric shock off your door knob? Have you ever seen lightening?

All these things happen because of

Static Electricity
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fT_Lmw nmVNM

What is Static Electricity?

Static electricity occurs when there is a build up of

electric charge on the surface of a material. It is called static electricity because the charges dont move. The electricity we use everyday involves moving charges.

What is charge?
To understand charge we have to look at things on an

extremely small scale. We have to try and understand things that we cant even see with the most powerful microscope.

Atoms

What is inside the atom?

The atom is made of 3 sorts of particles. The electron ( Negative charge) The proton ( Positive Charge ) The neutron ( No Charge ) We can imagine each as a tiny little ball.

Charge
The electron is negatively charged. The proton is positively charged. The neutron has no charge, it is neutral.

How do charges behave?

2 positive charges put

together will repel each other. Put a positive charge near a negative charge and they will attract each other. A charged object may even attract a neutral one.

Activity Ghost and Balloon

First cut out a ghost shape in the tissue as shown about 1.5 inches (4 cm) long and add some eyes with a marker. Blow up the balloon and tie it. Then rub it really fast through your hair for about 10 seconds. This will add a static charge. Slowly bring the balloon near the ghost, and the ghost will begin to rise toward the balloon.

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How it works?
When you rub the

balloon through your hair, invisible electrons (with a negative charge) build up on the surface of the balloon. The electrons have the power to pull very light objects (with a positive charge) toward them

Static electricity
Static electricity is caused when certain materials are

rubbed against each other. Electrons can be rubbed off one material and on to another. The material that has got extra electrons is now negatively charged The material which has lost electrons is positively charged.

Static electricity
It is this imbalance of positive and negative charges

that causes: Balloons to stick to walls. Your hair to stand on end when brush your hair on a dry day. And the electric shock you sometimes get from the door handle.

Electric Discharge
The loss of static electricity as charges move off an

object is called electric discharge. One of the most dramatic examples of electric discharge is lightning. The next slide shows how lightning is formed.

Lightening- Static electricity on massive Scale

The particles of water and

ice inside cloud are constantly moving against each other. Their movement causes charges to build up in the cloud. Some part become more negative and other parts become more positive. Charges keep building up in the part of the cloud that it quickly discharges to another cloud or to the ground and result is spectacular spark we call lightening.

Lightening Danger
Lightning Dangers

It is particularly dangerous to be at the beach or on a golf course during a lightning storm. Even standing under a tree during a storm is dangerous

Lightning Rods
A lightning rod is a

pointed rod connected to the ground by a wire. Objects that are joined to Earth by a conductor, such as a wire, are grounded.

http://mrnussbaum.com/history-22/franklin-2/

Homework ( Internet search)

Write a paragraph on topic Benjamin Franklin An electricity man

Static Vs Current electricity

Lesson objective
Understand current electricity
Explain the difference between static and current

electricity Describe in simple terms process of generating electricity

Current electricity
Electricity that comes out of the power point or battery

is called current electricity Current electricity is the flow of electrons. The electrons are given energy to move around a circuit by battery or another power supply. Electrons keep moving in the circuit until power supply is removed.

Electrical energy
Energy that electrons

have to move around the circuit is called electrical energy It is measured as watt and Kilowatt

How are the same? Static Electricity Current Electricity

Both static and current electricity involve electrons
Both static and current electricity can cause a spark

while moving from one object to another.

How are the different?

Static electricity
Uncontrolled transfer of

Current electricity
Controlled movement of

electrons from one object to another Mostly useless and can only caused damage for example lightening

electrons together along a path. Mostly useful but needed to handle with cautions

Make a table on your Science notebook and write 5 examples for each
Static electricity Current electricity

You can pick from these examples

When cooking in oven When electric globe glowing When clothes get stuck When you get shocked from door knob Balloon sticking to the wall When socks stick to the cloths When there is lightening on the sky When mobile phone being charged TV show live football match Projector showing this presentation

Make a table on your Science notebook and write 5 examples for each
Static electricity When clothes get stuck When you get shocked from door knob Balloon sticking to the wall
When socks stick to the cloths When there is lightening on the sky

Current electricity When cooking in oven When electric globe glowing

When mobile phone being charged TV showing live football match Projector showing this presentation

Lesson Objectives
Describe, in simple terms, the process of generating

electricity Use the term electrical energy when talking about electric circuits.

Where it comes from?

The electricity that powers Abu Dhabi comes from Power Plants run by Abu Dhabi Water Electricity Authority ( ADWEA)

What is used
Big furnaces burn tones of fossil fuel each day.

What is this fossil fuel?

Its non-renewable source of energy and it is present in three forms Coal, Petroleum and natural gas In Abu Dhabi natural gas is used to make electricity

Remember boys Coal is solid Petroleum is liquid and natural gas is of course gas

Making electricity
Burning fossil fuel is the source of energy used to

change water into steam. The steam turns big wheels, called turbines. Spinning turbines are needed to generate electricity. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GI7AhajfhWE

 Fossil fuel takes millions

of years to form. It is a non-renewable resource. This means that it cannot be easily replaced when it is used up. In Abu Dhabi, over 90 per cent of the electricity we use comes from burning fossil fuel .

Lesson objective
Understand electricity can be made from renewable

source. Appreciate the importance of electricity.

Renewable source of energy

Renewable resources

can also be used to generate electricity. Renewable resources include solar power, wind power

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51ENA6 VHzBI

and energy from falling

water (hydroelectricity).

At the moment, generating electricity with renewable resources is very expensive, so these methods are used only on a small scale. But scientists are always looking for ways to improve electricity generation using renewable resources so that they can be more widely used.

Shams-1 Abu Dhabis first solar power plant

Power capacity 100 megawatt Approximately 120 km southwest of Abu Dhabi and 6

km from the town of Madinat Zayed on the road from Tarif to the Liwa Oasis. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6eL6RTj_Vk

Let see what you learned in video

What is the total capacity of shams 1?
How many houses can be powered by shams 1? By 2020 what percentage of total power will be based

on renewable energy in Abu Dhabi?

Electricity costs money

Abu Dhabi electricity

bill

An Australian electricity bill

Watch this video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bdcZ0r6qyQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=39_TV27zHa8

Now write at least 5 points on you copybook about

importance of saving electricity and how you can save electricity ? ( Only 7 minutes for this activity)

Save Electricity
Switch off equipment when not in use
Reduce pool pump operating hours Reduce excessive heating or cooling

Install efficient lighting

Install a solar water heater Insulate the ceiling/ roof Turn geyser temperature down to 60o Celsius Use less hot water

Other important advice

Measure and monitor your home electricity

consumption and costs. Educate everyone in the home, including children and domestic helpers. Remember that saving requires both behavior and equipment. E.g. its no use installing an efficient shower head if you then shower for twice as long

Electricity Challenge
Be a Superhero Be ASADs Enviroman

Take up the Challenge

Show proof that you

helped reducing electricity bill at your home

How?
Register your name with

science teacher Give record of your this month electricity bill. Tell every one at home to reduce electricity usage. Be active whole month to minimize electricity usage at home

Prize
Every one who will

successfully take up the challenge will get one extra credit for criteria A and F. winner will get extra 3 credit for criteria A and F Runner up will get 2 extra credit for criteria A and F Name of the winner will be announced in MYP assembly and will be awarded prize

Who wants to be a superhero Enviroman?

Question Answers Session

What is the difference between current electricity and static electricity? Static electricity is the build up of the electrons; current electricity is the flow of electrons What is the purpose of water in the process of generating electricity in a coal-fired power station? In power station water is heated to produce steam and the steam is used to turn the turbines which drive the generator that produce electricity

What is a turbine? A turbine is a big wheel that is turned by steam to make electricity. What is a non-renewable resource? A nonrenewable source is the one that can not be replaced easily List three renewable resources. Solar Power, wind power and water power ( Hydroelectricity)

Thinking!!!!!
1. For there to be current electricity, a power

source is needed to force electrons around a path. Current electricity is used in various places in a car. What is the power source in a car? Car Battery and Alternating generator

Calculate
If one Kilowatt of electricity costs 3.o fils kilowatt-

hour, how much will be Ibrahim's electricity bill if he uses 1520 Kilowatt-hours.
1520x 3.0 fils = 4560 fils or 45.6 Aud

The graph shows electricity usage for a large city on a mild winter day.
At what time of the day

is most electricity used? Why? Most electricity is used around 6 pm because thats when people are at home watching television, occupying more than one room, cooking dinner and having showers.

Why do you think the power usage begins increasing around 6.00 am? Power usage begins to increase around 6 am as that is when people are getting up and getting ready for the day with breakfast and showers and ironing.

Three renewable sources of energy for generating electricity are: A. chemical energy, hydro energy and wind energy B. chemical energy, hydro energy and solar energy C. chemical energy, wind energy and solar energy D. hydro energy, wind energy and solar energy