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    The document discusses the anatomy and layers of the esophagus, as well as some congenital anomalies such as achalasia. Achalasia is described as a neuromuscular dysfunction where the cardiac sphincter fails to relax during swallowing, leading to progressive dysphagia and dilatation of the esophagus. The etiology of achalasia involves the loss of intramural neurons in the esophageal wall, with most cases being primary and idiopathic or possibly congenital in nature.

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    The document discusses the anatomy and layers of the esophagus, as well as some congenital anomalies such as achalasia. Achalasia is described as a neuromuscular dysfunction where the cardiac sphincter fails to relax during swallowing, leading to progressive dysphagia and dilatation of the esophagus. The etiology of achalasia involves the loss of intramural neurons in the esophageal wall, with most cases being primary and idiopathic or possibly congenital in nature.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    12 views7 pages

    Path

    Uploaded by

    myselfrakesh57
    The document discusses the anatomy and layers of the esophagus, as well as some congenital anomalies such as achalasia. Achalasia is described as a neuromuscular dysfunction where the cardiac sphincter fails to relax during swallowing, leading to progressive dysphagia and dilatation of the esophagus. The etiology of achalasia involves the loss of intramural neurons in the esophageal wall, with most cases being primary and idiopathic or possibly congenital in nature.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 7

    rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr rrrrrr

    OESOPHAGUS
    HISTOLOGICALLY WALL OF ESOPPHAGUS

    CONSISTS OF 3 LAYERS
    MUCOSA

    SUBMUCOSA MUSCULARIS

    PROPRIA

    CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF ESOPHAGUS

    ACHALASIA
    IS A NEUYROMUSCULAR DYSFUNCTION DUE TO

    WHICH CARDIAC SPHINCTER FAIL TO RELAX DURING SWALLOWING PROGRESSIVE DYSPHAGIA &DILATATION OF OESOPHAGUS ALSO KNOWN AS MEGA OESOPHAGUS

    ETIOLOGY
    LOSS OF INTRAMURAL NEURON IN THE WALL OF ESOPHAGUS MOST CASES ARE PRIMARY IDIOPATHIC WHICH MAY BE CONGENITAL SECONDARY MAY OCCUR FROM CHAGAS DISEASE INFILTRATION INTO OESOPHAGUS BY GASTRIC CARCINOMA CERTAIN VIRAL INFECTION

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