KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

PREPARED FOR: PROF. MEENAL RAO PREPARED BY : DIBAS KUMAR BISWAS

PRESENTATION OUTLINES
Histo !" #$%i&itio& o% co&c$'ts" a&# th$ a&t$c$#$&ts o% (M Th$ )$*ac! a&# c+ $&t stat$ o% th$ a t o% (M, a& o-$ -i$. Th$ $)$/$&ts o% a (M I&itiati-$ Th$ i/'o ta&c$ o% (M %o co/'$titi-$ $#*$ i& th$ (-$co&o/! Th$ $-o)+tio& o% (M I&%o /atio& /a&a*$/$&t a&# (M E0')icit (&o.)$#*$" tacit 1&o.)$#*$ a&# th$ 1&o.)$#*$ i&% ast +ct+ $ (M a&# $thics

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
History, definition of concepts, and the antecedents of KM The legacy and current state of the art of KM an o!er!ie"

#resented $y M%& 'AL(NA )(NT( A)D*L +AH(M

Kno"ledge Manage,ent -KM.

An Introduction to KM (&o.)$#*$" 1&o.)$#*$ .o 1$ s a&# (M a $ to'ics $c$i-i&* i&c $asi&* att$&tio& % o/ a -a i$t! #isci')i&$s3 (M is o&$ o% th$ hott$st to'ics to#a! i& 4oth th$ i&#+st ! .o )# a&# i&%o /atio& $s$a ch .o )#3 5Ma&! ha-$ sai# .$ a $ /o-i&* % o/ a 'ost i&#+st ia) to a 1&o.)$#*$-4as$# $co&o/!36 7D +c1$ " 19928 E%%$cti-$ (M is &o. $co*&i9$# to 4$ 5th$ 1$! # i-$ o% &$. 1&o.)$#*$ a&# &$. i#$as6 to th$ i&&o-atio& ' oc$ss to &$. i&&o-ati-$ ' o#+cts" s$ -ic$s a&# so)+tio&s3

(&o.)$#*$ A*$ is th$ thi # .a-$ o% h+/a& socio-$co&o/ic #$-$)o'/$&t3 /st "a!e "as Agricultural Age :$a)th .as #$%i&$# as o.&$ shi' o% )a&# 0nd "a!e "as (ndustrial Age :$a)th .as #$%i&$# o& o.&$ shi' o% ca'ita) 7i3$3 %acto i$s8 1rd "a!e "as Kno"ledge Age :$a)th .as 4as$# +'o& th$ o.&$ shi' o% 1&o.)$#*$ a&# th$ a4i)it! to +s$ that 1&o.)$#*$ to c $at$ o i/' o-$ *oo#s a&# s$ -ic$s3
(Charles

Savage in Fifth Generation Management, 2008)

T"o Kinds of Kno"ledge

(&o.)$#*$ is i&ta&*i4)$ #!&a/ic" a&# #i%%ic+)t to /$as+ $" 4+t .itho+t it &o o *a&i9atio& ca& s+ -i-$3

E0')icit , 1&o.)$#*$ .hich has 4$$& 5$&co#$# i&to so/$ /$#ia $0t$ &a) to a '$ so&36 7:a)c9a1" 200;8 Tacit , 1&o.)$#*$ that is sto $# .ithi& a&

i&#i-i#+a) a&# as s+ch is '$ so&a) a&# co&t$0t s'$ci%ic3 7Li& a&# Ts$&*" 200; < S #oc $t3 a)3" 200;8

%o2"hat is 3no"ledge ,anage,ent4

5Kno"ledge ,anage,ent -KM. is an effort to increase useful 3no"ledge "ithin the organi6ation& Ways to do this include encouraging co,,unication, offering opportunities to learn, and pro,oting the sharing of appropriate 3no"ledge artifacts&7

(nterdisciplinary Nature of KM

(Kimiz Dalkir, 2005)

KM Definition
D$si*&i&* a&# i&sta))i&* t$ch&i@+$s a&# ' oc$ss$s to c $at$" ' ot$ct" a&# +s$ 1&o.& 1&o.)$#*$3 D$si*&i&* a&# c $ati&* $&-i o&/$&ts a&# acti-iti$s to #isco-$ a&# $)$as$ 1&o.)$#*$ that is &ot 1&o.&" o tacit 1&o.)$#*$3 A tic+)ati&* th$ '+ 'os$ a&# &at+ $ o% /a&a*i&* 1&o.)$#*$ as a $so+ c$ a&# $/4o#!i&* it i& oth$ i&itiati-$s a&# ' o* a/s3

History of KM
Th$ histo ! o% /a&a*i&* 1&o.)$#*$ *o$s 4ac1 to th$ $a )i$st ci-i)i9atio&s 7:ii*" 199>83

(Kimiz Dalkir, 2005)

#resent and 8uture %tate of KM

(M is i& a stat$ o% hi*h * o.th" $s'$cia))! a/o&* th$ 4+si&$ss a&# )$*a) s$ -ic$s i&#+st i$s 3 A+ $&t)!" co//+&iti$s o% ' actic$ s+ch as th$ (M N$t.o 1 a&# th$ #$-$)o'/$&t o% sta&#a #s a&# 4$st ' actic$s a $ i& a /at+ $ sta*$ o% #$-$)o'/$&t3

ELEMENT% O8 A KM (N(T(AT(9E

Model by Nonaka and Takeuchi !""5 ppi.fsksm.utm.my/staf/shahizan/personal/data/ICKM05.pdf

I. #$%#&$
. R$%$ s to c+)t+ a) a&# 4$ha-io a) a'' oach . (&o.)$#*$ is c $at$# 4! i&#i-i#+a)s . I& Ba'a&$s$ Ci /s" th$ c $atio& a&# sha i&* o% 1&o.)$#*$ ca& o&)! ha''$& .h$& i&#i-i#+a)s coo'$ at$ .i))i&*)!3

Cont.

((&

#'%C$(($(

P oc$ss$s i& co&t i4+ti&* th$ 1&o.)$#*$ /a&a*$/$&t 4 ' oc$ss$s o% i&t$ actio&s is a s'i a) ' oc$ss that ta1$s ')ac$ $'$at$#)!
a) (ocialization .Sha i&* tacit 1&o.)$#*$ th o+*h %ac$-to-%ac$ co//+&icatio& o sha $# $0'$ i$&c$3 $*, /$$ti&* $. $*ternalization D$-$)o'i&* co&c$'ts a&# /o#$)s to co&-$ t tacit 1&o.)$#*$ to $0')icit 1&o.)$#*$ E&a4)$ it to 4$ co//+&icat$# to oth$ s c. Combination Ao/4i&atio& o% -a io+s $)$/$&ts o% $0')icit 1&o.)$#*$ to %o / /o $ co/')$0 a&# s!st$/atic $0')icit 1&o.)$#*$
http ::3no"ledgeand,anage,ent&"ordpress&co,:seci;,odel;nona3a;ta3euchi:

d. Internalization U&#$ sta&# $0')icit 1&o.)$#*$ A)os$)! )i&1$# to )$a &i&* 4! #oi&*

Cont. III. T$C+N%&%, R$%$ s to th$ &$t.o 1 s!st$/ Caci)itat$ co&&$ctio&s, A/o&* 1&o.)$#*$a4)$ '$o')$ 74! h$)'i&* th$/ %i&# D i&t$ act .ith o&$ a&oth$ 8 B$t.$$& '$o')$ a&# so+ c$s o% i&%o /atio& . Th o+*h IAT" $0')icit 1&o.)$#*$ ca& 4$ ca't+ $# a&# #iss$/i&at$#

#(LLA+% O8 K;E<ONOM=
ICT

INNOVATION

EDUCATION

KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY

INFORMATION OCIETY KNOWLEDGE OCIETY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMEN T

INFORMATIC

http ::"""&esastap&org&6a:esastap:pdfs:presents>3ad>,$a>0??@&pdf

IMPORTANAE OC (M COR AOMPETITIEE EDFE IN THE (-EAONOMY

(-$co&o/! is a4o+t 1&o.)$#*$ a&# th$ a4i)it! to c $at$ &$. -a)+$ a&# .$a)th I& th$ (-$co&o/!" .$a)th #$ i-$# % o/ th$ $0')oitatio& o% i&ta&*i4)$ ass$ts )i1$ $0'$ i$&c$" 1&o.-ho. a&# 1&o.)$#*$ To 4$ s+cc$ss i& (-$co&o/!" .$ &$$# to acc$'t a&# a#a't to a& $&-i o&/$&t .h$ $ i&ta&*i4)$ ass$ts a $ th$ 1$! # i-$ (-$co&o/! is /o $ tha& a co//it/$&t to /a&a*$ a&# ta' i&to th$ acc+/+)at$# 1&o.)$#*$ .ithi& th$ 4+si&$ss (&o.)$#*$ Ma&a*$/$&t )$a#s to * $at$ ' o#+cti-it!

KM has e!ol!e fro, the co,$ination of 0 factors /& The $usiness "orldAs enthusias, for 5intelectual capital7 0& The appearance of corporate intranet -ideal tool to lin3 and organisation together to share and disse,inate 3no"ledge throughout scattered offices and units

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
8ocuses on its users& #ractioners su,,ari6e, conteBtuali6e, !alue;Cudge, ran3, synthesi6e, edit and facilitate to ,a3e infor,ation and 3no"ledge accessi$le $et"een people "ithin or outside their organi6ation& (t concerns "ith the social interactions "ith sharing and use of 3no"ledge& KM is largely $ased on tacit interpretation that relate to hu,an $eha!ior and interchange&

FROM INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TO KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

Kno"ledge Manage,ent The (nfor,ation D #rocessing #aradig, /& The process of collecting, organising, classifying and disse,ination of infor,ation to ,a3e it purposeful to those "ho need it 0& <apture 3no"ledge in the ,ind of in a central repository& 1& Organising and analy6ing infor,ation in a co,panies co,puter data$ase& E& (dentification of categories of 3no"ledge needed to support o!erall $usiness strategy F& <o,$ining, indeBing, searching and push technology to help co,panies organi6e data stored and deli!er only rele!ant infor,ation using (ntranet, group"are, data "arehouse, net"or3s, and !ideo conferencing& @& Mapping 3no"ledge and infor,ation resources $oth online and offline G& Kno"ledge assets are created through co,puteri6ed collection, storage and sharing of 3no"ledge

KE= D(88E+EN<E% )ETWEEN (N8O+MAT(ON MANAGEMENT AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

/& (nterplay )et"een (nfor,ation and Kno"ledge (nfor,ation can easily, organi6ed and distri$uted "hereas 3no"ledge resides in oneAs ,ind -hu,an centric. 0& (M and KM #roCects different scopes, approaches and ,easure,ent syste,s KM rely on the "illingness of indi!iduals "hereas (M rely on technical achie!e,ent to ena$le 3no"ledge sharing 1& Organi6ational Learning and KM Organi6ation can learn through self;3no"ledge, dialogue and reuse the eBisting 3no"ledge into ne" infor,ation E& )road <oncepts of KM ; Ti,e, <onteBt, transfor,ations and dyna,ics, social space and 3no"ledge culture F& #rotecting (ntellectual <apital (M and KM #erspecti!es (M used fire"all, per,ission and access le!el "hereas KM used retention policies and circulation of 3no"ledge -senior to Cunior.

Tacit Kno"ledge and EBplicit Kno"ledge

Tacit 1&o.)$#*$
A$ility to adapt, to deal "ith ne" an eBceptional situations

E0')icit 1&o.)$#*$
A$ility to disse,inate, to reproduce, to access and to reapply throughout the organi6ation A$ility to teach, to train A$ility to organi6e, to syste,ati6e, to translate a !ision into a ,ission state,ent, into operational guidelines

EBpertise, 3no";ho", 3no";"hy and care;"hy A$ility to colla$orate, to share a !ision, to trans,it a culture

<oaching and ,entoring to Transfer of 3no"ledge !ia transfer eBperiential 3no"ledge products, ser!ices and on one;to;one, face;to;face $asis docu,ented processes

(T

%ocial <apital

KNOWLEDGE (N8+A%T+*<T*+ E

Top Manage,ent %upport

<usto,er Kno"ledge

KM and ethics
(M i&-o)-$s th$ $thica) /a&a*$/$&t o% '$o')$" &ot G+st th$ $%%ici$&t #ist i4+tio& o% #oc+/$&ts3 M+ch o% $thics ca& 4$ #isti))$# #o.& to 4o+&#a i$s H 4o+&#a i$s that ca& h$)' $/')o!$$s o% a& o *a&i9atio& sta! o& th$ co $ct si#$ o% o *a&i9atio&a) 'o)ic! a&# h$)' c)a i%! $thica) iss+$s 7F o%% a&# Bo&$s" 20028

<onclusion
(&o.)$#*$ as a& ass$t o $so+ c$ +&)i1$ i&%o /atio& o #ata" is &ot $asi)! +&#$ stoo#" c)assi%i$#" sha $# a&# /$as+ $#3 It is i&-isi4)$" i&ta&*i4)$ a&# #i%%ic+)t to i/itat$3 E0'a&#i&* th$ 1&o.)$#*$ 4as$ .ithi& a& o *a&i9atio& is &ot th$ sa/$ as $0'a&#i&* its i&%o /atio& 4as$3

THANK =O*