‫@‬

‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺓ‬

‫ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬

‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‬

‫‪@Q‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @
@ @
@ @ò߇Ôß
@ @

@R
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@S
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@T
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬

@U
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @Þëþa@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@Ý‚a‡ß
@ @

@V
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺃﻓﺖ ﻏﻨﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@W‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫}‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫{‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٣٧ :‬‬

‫‪@X‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫}‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫{‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٤١ :١٣٨ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‪٥٣ :‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‪٢٨ :‬‬

‫‪@Y‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫}‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫{‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪٣٦ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺭﺷﻴﺪ ﺭﺿﺎ‪ .‬ﺍ‪‬ﻠﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪@QP‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@QQ‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺃﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ ﲜﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻮﱃ ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻀﻮﹰﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﱪﳌﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪١٩٨٦‬ﻡ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻰ ﻣـﻊ‬
‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻣﺰﺍﱄ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﳝﻘﺮﺍﻃﻲ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ‪ .‬ﺻﺪﺭ ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺪﻱ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ‪‬ﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳌﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪@QR‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@QS
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫אמ א‬ ‫א‬

@QT
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @ïãbrÛa@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ
@ @

@QU
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺍﳉﻴﻮﺑﻮﻟﺘﻴﻚ ﺃﻭ )ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ(‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻭﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻟﻴﺸﻤﻞ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻃﻤﻮﺣﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺗﺴﺨﲑﻫﺎ ﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺃﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﳑﺎ ﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﳌﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺪﹰﺍ ﺁﺧﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪@QV‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫מ‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫ﻧﺸﺄﺓ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬

‫ﻓﻮﻟﺘﲑ‬ ‫ﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ‬

‫)ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ(‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ(‬

‫‪1‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺃﻓﺖ ﻏﻨﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻳﺪ ﻭﱄ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺟﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﻧﺰﺣﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻼﺩ ﺍﳌﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻧﺪﻟﺲ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺕ ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﳍﺠﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﻟﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﰲ ﺗﻮﻧﺲ ﻋـﺎﻡ ‪٧٣٢‬ﻫــ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓـﻖ‬
‫‪١٣٣٢‬ﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺟﺢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@QW‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@QX
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

1
{ }

‫א‬ ‫א‬

٣٦ :‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬1

@QY
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

1
{

٥٣ :‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬1

@RP
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@RQ
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @sÛbrÛa@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@ @æë‡Ü‚@åia@‡äÇ@òîj—ÈÛa
@ @

@RR
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺃﻓﺖ ﻏﻨﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‪.‬‬

‫‪@RS‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@RT
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫}‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫{‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺃﻓﺖ ﻏﻨﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ‪٥٤ :‬‬

‫‪@RU‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@RV
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@RW
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@RX
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬ ‫א‬

1
{

١٦ :‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ‬1

@RY
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺇﺿﻌﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻀﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻘﻴﺎﺩ‬

‫‪@SP‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻗﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﳍﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﺼﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫‪@SQ‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@SR
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

!‫א ؟‬ ‫א‬ ‫מא‬

– –

@SS
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫–‬

‫–‬

‫–‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻨﲔ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮﺭﻙ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪@ST‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﻃﻔﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻭﻟﻴﺪﺓ‬

‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﳏﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺷﺒﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻭﲪﺎﺱ ﻛﺒﲑ‬

‫ﻫﺰﳝﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﻜﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺮ ﻭﻏﻠﺒﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﳓﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻋﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺓ ﺑﺮﻭﺡ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺸﻐﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬
‫)ﺷﺒﺎﺏ(‬ ‫)ﻫﺮﻡ(‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑﻳﺔ‬

‫‪@SU‬‬
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫؟‬ ‫מא‬

@SV
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬

‫ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻀﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻘﻴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫‪@SW‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

@SX
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @Éia‹Ûa@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@ @paŠb›¨aë@äíìm@‡ÛìãŠc
@ @

@SY
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@TP
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺩﻭﻝ ﻭﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻣﺒﺪﻋﲔ‬

‫‪@TQ‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬ ‫א‬

@TR
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@TS
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪:‬א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫א א‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩﺍﱐ ﻛﻮﻛﺲ ﻭﺟﻮﻥ ﻫﻮﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@TT‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﱃ‬

‫ﺧﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻓﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻨﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ‬

‫ﺍﻹﺑﺪﺍﻉ ﻭﺗﻔﺠﲑ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳍﻤﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺰ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺴﻼﻡ‬

‫‪@TU‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫؟‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

@TV
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

@TW
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@TX
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻻﻧﺸﻘﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﲣﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻉ ﻭﺗﻔﺘﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻻﺓ ﻭﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺪﻋﺔ ﻭﲢﻮﳍﺎ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍ‪‬ﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ ﺗﻌﺴﻔﻴﺔ‬

‫‪@TY‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪:‬א‬

‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬

‫‪@UP‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@UQ
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

.An out line History of England ‫ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬1

@UR
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א א‬

@US
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@UT
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺍﳊﻠﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻈﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮﺓ‬

‫‪@UU‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫–‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫–‬

‫‪1‬ﺭﻳﻨﻪ ﺭﳝﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﱘ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@UV‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬

‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻣﺘﺠﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﻢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲡـﺪﺩ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺟﺎﻣﺪﺓ‬

‫ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﲡﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺗﲔ ﻗﺎﺗﻞ‬
‫ﲡﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﳍــﺎ ﻭﺇﻧﺘﺎﺟﻬــﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺒــﺪﻉ ﰲ ﻋﻄﺎﺋﻬــﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺩﺭﺍ‪‬ــﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗــﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﺍﻹﺑﺪﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻣـﺔ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻬﻼﻙ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻨﻬﺾ ﻭﺗﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩﺍﱐ ﻛﻮﻛﺲ ﻭﺟﻮﻥ ﻫﻮﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@UW‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬ ‫א מ‬

@UX
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬
‫–‬

‫–‬

‫ﻤﺤﺼﻠﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬

‫‪@UY‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ‬

‫ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺃﺒﻲ ﺒﻜﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ‬

‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﺭﺓ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬ ‫ﻤﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ‬

‫–‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺙ‬

‫‪@VP‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺠﺯﺀ ﻤﻥ ﺨﻼﻓﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﻴﻴﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﻴﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺒﻌﺩ ﺴﻘﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ‬

‫‪@VQ‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫א‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪1‬ﺩﺍﱐ ﻛﻮﻛﺲ ﻭﺟﻮﻥ ﻫﻮﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪@VR‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬

@VS
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬

@VT
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬

@VU
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫–‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻹﻣﱪﺍﻃﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗﻐﺮﺏ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻓﺮﺝ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﺒﻞ ﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺣﺒﺴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﱐ ﳌﺪﺓ ﺃﺳﺒﻮﻋﲔ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺃﻋﻴﺪﺕ ﺧﻮﻓﹸﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪@VV‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪Value System‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﲔ ﻓﺈ‪‬ﺎ ﻻ ﲢﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻷﳒﻠﻮﺳﺎﻛﺴﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﻭﳝﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳـﺔ‬
‫‪ Advanced English‬ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻐﺰﻯ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪@VW‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪):‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻈﺔ" ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻴﺲ ﻓﻮﻛﻮﻳﺎﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺎﱐ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ" ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺧـﺎﰎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ"‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺳﻴﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺮﺓ ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﲰﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺻﺎﻣﻮﻳﻞ ﻫﺎﻧﺘﻨﺠﺘﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﺻﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ" ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺻﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﳊـﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻳـﺮﻯ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﺘﺼﺎﺭﻉ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺻﺮﺍﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮﻫﺮﻩ ﺻﺮﺍﻉ ﻗﻴﻤﻲ ﺛﻘﺎﰲ‪ ،‬ﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ﻛﻞ ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪@VX‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺩﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻳﻘﺪﻡ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻢ‬

‫ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﻏﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻭﳍﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﲝﺴﺐ ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‬

‫ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﺿﺪﻫﺎ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺣﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫• ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻗﻠﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‪ ..‬ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ ..‬ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺣﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪@VY‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬

@WP
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪1‬ﺩﺍﱐ ﻛﻮﻛﺲ ﻭﺟﻮﻥ ﻫﻮﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ﺍﺭﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺘﺐ "ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻈﺔ" ﻭ"ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ" ﻭ"ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‪..‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ‪ ..‬ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‪..‬ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺣﻞ" ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪@WQ‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @ßb©a@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@„íŠbnÜÛ@ïÛbr¾a@ÐnÛaë@Ývîç
@ @

@WR
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@WS
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א א‬

@WT
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@WU
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻴﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮﺓ‬

‫‪@WV‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@WW
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@WX
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫מ؟‬ ‫א‬ ‫מ‬ ‫א‬

@WY
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬ ‫א‬

– ƒ

@XP
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

– – ƒ

– –

@XQ
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @‘†bÛa@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@ @òbnÛa@òí†b¾aë@׊bß
@ @

@XR
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‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬
‫@ @‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺃﻓﺖ ﻏﻨﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪.‬‬

‫‪@XS‬‬
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@XT
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@XU
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫–‬ ‫–‬ ‫–‬

‫ﺑﺮﺟﻮﺍﺯﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﲰﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺇﻗﻄﺎﻋﻴﲔ‬
‫ﻓﻼﺣﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻹﻗﻄﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻋﺒﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻋﺒﻴﺪ‬

‫ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﺋﻲ‬

‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺲ‬

‫‪@XV‬‬
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@XW
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬

‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻉ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﺮﺍﻛﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ‬

‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻉ‬

‫ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬

‫ﻳﻘﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﺰﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻮﻋﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﺗﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺲ ﳊﻞ ﺻﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬

‫‪@XX‬‬
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@XY
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺭﺃﻓﺖ ﻏﻨﻴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YP‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﲔ – ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻳﺎ ﺍﳊﺴﻨﺔ – ﻳﺴﻴﺌﻮﻥ ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ ﲪﻠﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﺀﺗﻪ ﻭﲰﺎﺣﺘـﻪ ﻭﻟﻴﻨـﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﺨﺪﺭﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ – ﺩﻭﻥ ﻗﺼﺪ – ﺑﺮﻓﺾ ﺃﻱ ﳏﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺻﻼﺡ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺤـﺪﺙ‬
‫ﻋﻦ " ﺃﻥ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻠﻢ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻔﺮ"‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻮﳉﻴﺔ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻌﻄـﻞ‬
‫ﻷﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﻭﲢﻮﻝ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﲑﻭﻥ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻯ ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺲ "ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻓﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ"‪ .‬ﺣﱴ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌـﻀﻬﻢ ﻳﺘـﻬﻢ ﺑﻌـﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﺄ‪‬ﻢ ﻋﻤﻼﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺃ‪‬ﻢ ﲞﻄﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﱐ ﻳﻄﻔﺌﻮﻥ ﻏﻠﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻜﺒﺤﻮﻥ ﺛﻮﺭ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻄﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺓ‬
‫ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺮﺿﻮﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﻭﺗﻐﻴﲑﻫﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﳋﻄﺐ ﺍﻻﺭﲡﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YQ‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻛﻔﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﺭﺍﻗﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﳚﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﺿﻠﺖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻬﺎ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺣﺎﺩﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﲟﻨﻬﺞ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ ﳚﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﲑﺓ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﳌﻔﻜﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺛﺮﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YR‬‬
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@YS
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‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫–‬ ‫ƒ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻧﻠﺤﻆ ﰲ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻗﻮﺓ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﱐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺎﰿ ﻗﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﻭﺗﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺜﲑ ﳑﻦ ﺍﺗﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻔﺎﺀ ﻭﳑﻦ ﻳﺮﺟﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﻼﺹ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻴﺪ ﺑﺸﺮﻱ ﺟﺎﺋﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YT‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫–‬ ‫ƒ‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﻯ ﺍﳌﺆﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﰲ ﺻﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﳚﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺘﺤﻜﻤﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺩﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﻛﺒﲑﹰﺍ ﺟﺪﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﳏﻤـﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺴﻨﲔ ﻫﻴﻜﻞ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ "ﺍﻹﻣﱪﺍﻃﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻏﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ"‪:‬‬
‫}ﺃﻥ ﻣﺒﻴﻌﺎﺕ ﲬﺲ ﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ )ﺟﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺯ – ﻭﻭﺍﻝ ﻣﺎﺭﺙ – ﻭﺇﻛﺴﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺑﻴﻞ – ﻭﻓﻮﺭﺩ – ﻭﺩﳝﻠﺮ ﻛﺮﺍﻳﺴﻠﺮ( ﺗﺘﺠـﺎﻭﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﻟـ‪ ١٨٢‬ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺩﺧﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ "ﺇﻛﺴﻮﻥ" ﻟﻠﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ ﻳﻔﻮﻕ ﺩﺧﻞ "ﺍﻷﻭﺍﺑﻚ" )ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﺒﺘﺮﻭﻝ( ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺔ!‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ "ﺟﻨﺮﺍﻝ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﺯ" ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ "ﺍﻟﺪﳕﺎﺭﻙ" ﻭﺃﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ "ﺩﳝﻠﺮ ﻛﺮﺍﻳﺴﻠﺮ" ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﻟﻨﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ "ﺑﻜﺘﻴﻞ" ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﻭﻻﺕ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ "ﺷﻞ" ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ "ﻓﱰﻭﻳﻼ"‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ "ﺳﻮﱐ" ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ "ﺑﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎﻥ"‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ – ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻧﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻮﳌﺔ – ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺨﻰ ﺗﱪﻋﹰﺎ ﳌﺮﺷﺤﻲ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺸﺮﻳﻌﻴﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻛﱪ ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻣﹰﺎ ﰲ ﲤﻮﻳﻞ ﻧﺸﺎﻁ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﲑ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻲ{‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻔﺎﻭﺽ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻱ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ؟!‬

‫‪@YU‬‬
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@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

@ @ÉibÛa@Ý—ÐÛa
@ @
@ @ñŠb›¨a@òîqýqë@ã@åi@ÙÛbß

@YV
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ )‪١٩٠٥‬ﻡ – ‪١٩٧٣‬ﻡ(‬

‫ﻣﻔﻜﺮ ﺟﺰﺍﺋﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻛﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻫﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻭﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﺪ ﰲ ﻗﺴﻄﻨﻄﻴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﹰﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﻧـﺴﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ –‬
‫ﻣﺬﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ – ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﱪﻯ – ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﻱ – ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YW‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫{‬ ‫}‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YX‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫…‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺣﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﺪﻉ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪@YY‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

QPP
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻋﻤﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺴﻘﺎﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﺗﻘﺪﳝﻪ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ "ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ"‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪QPQ‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫ƒ‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻫﺎ ﺍ‪‬ﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﻳﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ‪..‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻈﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪QPR‬‬
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

QPS
 @
@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c

‫؟‬ ‫א‬

QPT
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫–‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﱂ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬

‫ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬

‫‪ 1‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ ‪ ..‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻮﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻈﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪QPU‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫מא‬ ‫א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫–‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﰲ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﱃ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ "ﻭﺇﺫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﻓﺄﻣﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺣﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺋﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﺃﻟﻴﻢ" ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ‪ .٣٢ :‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﹰﺎ ﰲ ﻋﺒﺎﺩ‪‬ﻢ ﻟﻸﺻﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺠﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ؛ ﺑﻞ ﺭﲟﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺭﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺻﻨﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﰒ ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﳚﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ "ﻋﻦ ﻋﺮﻭﺓ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﲑ ﺃﻥ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﺯﻭﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺃﺧﱪﺗﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﳓﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﳜﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻭﻟﻴﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺼﺪﻗﻬﺎ ﰒ ﻳﻨﻜﺤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻻﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﻬﺮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻃﻤﺜﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻓﻼﻥ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺒﻀﻌﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺰﳍﺎ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﻻ ﳝﺴﻬﺎ ﺃﺑﺪﹰﺍ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺘﺒﲔ ﲪﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﺒﻀﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺗﺒﲔ ﲪﻠﻬﺎ ﺃﺻﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺣﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﰲ ﳒﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺒﻀﺎﻉ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺁﺧﺮ ﳚﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﻫﻂ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﻓﻴﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﲪﻠﺖ ﻭﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻭﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻀﻊ ﲪﻠﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﺭﺳﻠﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﳝﺘﻨﻊ ﺣﱴ ﳚﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﳍﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻛﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﻟﺪﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﺑﻨﻚ ﻳـﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻼﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﻤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﲰﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻟﺪﻫﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﳝﺘﻨﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﳚﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻓﻴﺪﺧﻠﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌـﺮﺃﺓ ﻻ‬
‫ﲤﺘﻨﻊ ﳑﻦ ﺟﺎﺀﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﺎﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻦ ﻳﻨﺼﱭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺑﻮﺍ‪‬ﻦ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻤﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻫﻦ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﲪﻠﺖ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﻫﻦ ﻭﻭﺿـﻌﺖ‬
‫ﲪﻠﻬﺎ ﲨﻌﻮﺍ ﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﻮﺍ ﳍﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺃﳊﻘﻮﺍ ﻭﻟﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺮﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺎﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺩﻋﻲ ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﻻ ﳝﺘﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺚ ﳏﻤﺪ ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﻫﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺇﻻ ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ"‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﰲ ﺃﺷﻌﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﳍﻢ ﻛﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ‪ :‬ﻭﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻜـﺮ ﺃﺧﻴﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﳒﺪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﺧﺎﻧﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳌﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻧﺼﺮ ﺃﺧﺎﻙ ﻇﺎﳌﹰﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻈﻠﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﹰﺎ ﺟﺪﹰﺍ‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺭﻋﺎﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻴﺸﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺣﻴﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻋـﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠـﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻏﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪QPV‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪١٧٠ :‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪١٠٤ :‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪١٧٠ :‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪١٠٤ :‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻧﻮﺡ‪٧ :‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫‪QPW‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‪١ :‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﺛﻴﺔ‪٢٦ :‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﺛﻴﺔ‪٢٤ :‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﺛﻴﺔ‪٣٢ :‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﻢ‪٢٨ :‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬

‫‪QPX‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫מא‬

‫‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ‬
‫ﺍﱁ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﲑ‬

‫‪QPY‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪QQP‬‬
 ‫@‬
‫‪@ @„íŠbnÛa@òÐÜÏ@ña†c‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫–‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻣﻼﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻕ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪} :‬ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﻟﻔﺴﺪﺕ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ{ )ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ .(٢٥١ :‬ﺍﺭﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﰲ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ" ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻕ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪} :‬ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﻧﺪﺍﻭﳍﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ{ )ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ .(١٤٠ :‬ﺍﺭﺟﻊ ﺇﱃ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﻗـﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ" ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‬

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١١ :‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬1

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.‫ ﺗﺄﻣﻼﺕ‬،‫ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺑﻦ ﻧﱯ‬1

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٣٨ :‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﳏﻤﺪ‬1

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‫‪ 1‬ﳌﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﺭﺟﻊ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ" ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪QQY‬‬
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١١٠ :‫ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‬1

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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪ ‪١١١‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ‪٥٣ :‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ‪٥٨ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٤٠ :‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻒ‪٥٩ :‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻫﻮﺩ‪١١٧ :‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ‪١٦ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ‪٦٧ :‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‪٢١ :‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٢٦ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٦٥ :‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ‪٢ :‬‬

‫‪QRV‬‬
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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪٢٥١ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٤٠ :‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻫﻮﺩ‪١١٦ :‬‬

‫‪QRW‬‬
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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪٢٢٩ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﳏﻤﺪ‪٣٨ :‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‪٨٩ :‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪٥٤ :‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪١٠٣ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ‪٤٦:‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪٨ :‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪٩٠ :‬‬

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‫‪ 1‬ﳌﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ "ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ" ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﺎﺳﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﺩﺍﱐ ﻛﻮﻛﺲ ﻭﺟﻮﻥ ﻫﻮﻓﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪QSS‬‬
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QST
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‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

QSW
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‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

1. Carr. E. H. I What is history: London: 1978

2. Geyle: Toynbee and Sorokin: Beacon press London: 1949.
3. Hegel, G. W. F. : The Philosophy of History: 1956.
4. Stanley Karnow, Moa and China: A legacy of Turmoil, A Pengium
book, third edition.
5. Toynbee, Arnold: A study of history: London: Oxford: 1948.
6. Toynbee, A: Monlind and Mother Earth: London: Oxford: 1978.

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