Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Bergey - S Manual of Determinative Bacteriology PDF
Bergey - S Manual of Determinative Bacteriology PDF
GROUP 4
Description: Gram Negative, Aerobic/Microaerophilic rods and cocci Key differences are: pigments/fluorescent, motility, growth requirements, denitrification, morphology, and oxidase, read Genera descriptions Examples: Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Beijerinckia, Acetobacter
GROUP 5
Description: Facultatively Anaerobic Gram negative rods Key differences are: growth factors, morph., gram rxn., oxidase rxn., read Genera descriptions Examples: Family Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae
GROUP 17
Description: Gram-Positive Cocci Key differences are: oxygen requirements, morph., growth requirements (45C and supplements), read Genera descriptions Examples: Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Aerococcus
GROUP 18
Description: Endospore-Forming Gram positive rods and cocci Key differences are: oxygen requirements, motility, morph, catalase Examples: Bacillus, Clostridium
GROUP 19
Description: Regular, Nonsporlating Gram positive rods Key differences are: morph., oxygen require, catalase Examples: Lactobacillus, Listeria
GROUP 20
Description: Irregular, Nonsporlating Gram-positive rods Key differences are: catalase, motility, morph., read Genera descriptions Examples: Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Arthrobacter, Propionibacterium
GROUP 21
Description: Weakly Gram-Positive Nonsporlating Acid Fast Slender Rods Key differences are: acid fast, growth Examples: Mycobacterium
Gram Positive
Cocci Bacilli
Filamentous Round in clusters & tetrads:
Staphylococcus Micrococcus Peptococcus
Extensive branching:
Gram Negative
Cocci Bacilli
Neisseria Veillonella
Medium-sized cocco-bacillary:
Acinetobacter Moraxella
Tiny-coccobacillary:
Brucella Bordetella Bacteroides
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Curved, comma-shaped:
Vibrio Campylobacter Spirillium
Uniformly Bacillary:
Mycobacterium smegmatis Spore Forming + Bacillus spp. Clostridium spp Corynebacterium spp. Lactobacillus spp. Mycobacterium spp. Acid Fast +
Strict Anaerobes +
You sure you have this? Go to Bergey's.
Clostridium spp.
Bacillus spp.
Lactobacillus fermenti
Bacillus spp.
B. subtilis B. cereus B. megaterium B. stearothermophilus B. polymyxa B. mycoides B. macerans B. thuringiensis B. macquariensis B. licheniformis B. lentus B. alvei B. anthracis B. alcalophilus B. coagulans B. brevis B. circulans B. firmus B. pantothenticus
B. pumilus
+
(add creatine as catalyst w/ reagents)
VP
+
B. subtilis B. cereus B. polymyxa B. mycoides B. thuringiensis B. licheniformis B. alvei B. anthracis B. coagulans
B. megaterium B. stearothermophilus B. macerans B. pantothenticus B. macquariensis B. lentus B. alcalophilus B. badius B. brevis B. circulans
Catalase
Citrate
B. badius
+
B. azotoformans
(containing spore)
Swollen Cell
(containing spore)
Swollen Cell
+
B. anthracis
(non-motile) (makes insecticidal protein) (colony has a rhizoidal appearance)
+
B. stearothermophilus B. macerans B. pantothenticus B. macquariensis B. lentus B. alcalophilus B. brevis B. circulans
(growth at 55C-rest neg.)
B. megaterium
(citrate pos.)
+
B. sphaericus B. pasteurii B. laterosporus
B. insolitus B. marinus
(acid from glucose) (acid from glucose)
B. badius
(citrate neg.)
Nitrate Reduction
+
B. pasteurii
B. sphaericus
+
B. coagulans B. licheniformis B. subtilis B. polymyxa B. alvei
+
B. macerans B. macquariensis B. alcalophilus B. brevis B. circulans
B. pantothenticus B. circulans
(acid via arabinose neg.) (acid via arabinose pos.)
+
B. subtilis
(no growth at 55C) (growth at 55C)
B. coagulans
B. macerans
(gas from glucose pos.) (gas from glucose neg., no growth < pH 7.0) (gas from glucose neg., growth < pH 7.0)
B. macquariensis
(methyl red pos.)
B. alcalophilus B. circulans
B. licheniformis
B. brevis
Bile Esculin
Catalase
+
Micrococcus spp. Staphylococcus spp.
Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus mitis Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Streptococcus spp. Group B Enterococcus spp. Streptococcus spp.
Mannitol Fermentation +
Staphylococcus aureus
Hemolysis
+
Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus hirae
(mannitol neg.)
Enterococcus mundtii
Alpha (#)
Staphylococcus spp.
Pyrrolidonearylamidase
(PYR Test)
Glucose Fermentation +
Micrococcus varians
Novobiocin Sensitivity
Yes
Staphylococcus epidermidis
No
Streptococcus spp. Group B (Streptococcus agalactiae)
- Micrococcus luteus
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Optochin Sensitivity
Yes
Streptococcus pneumoniae
No
Streptococcus mitis
Oxidase Test
+ Acid
Glucose Fermentation
- Acid
Pseudomonas spp.
+
Vibrio spp.
+
VP Other Aeromonas spp. (See Bergey's) P. aeruginosa P. chlororaphis P. cichorii P. fluorescens P. putida P. syringae
(Oxidase Neg.)
+
Luminescent
A. hydrophila A. salmonicida A. sobria
(subsp. masoucida) (no gas from glucose)
A. veronii
+
V. fischeri V. logei V. orientalis V. splendidius
+
P. aeruginosa
(Yellow Colony)
+
A. hydrophila A. veronii A. salmonicida
(subsp. masoucida)
+
V. fischeri V. logei
V. orientalis V. splendidius
+
A. hydrophila
A. veronii
30C Growth
37C Growth
+
P. chlororaphis
(Colony Pigmented)
P. putida
(Lecithinase Neg.) (Oxidase Neg.)
+
V. fischeri
+
V. logei V. orientalis
V. splendidius
P. fluorescens
P. syringae P. cichorii
(Lecithinase Pos.)
Family Enterobacteriaceae
Lactose Fermentation
+ Citrobacter diversus Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus Enterobacter intermedius Erwinia carotovora Erwinia chrysanthemi Escherichia coli Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumoniae Serratia fonticola Serratia rubidaea
Indole + Citrobacter diversus Escherichia coli Erwinia chrysanthemi Klebsiella oxytoca The Rest
MR-VP
+/+
Enterobacter intermedius
-/+
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(subsp. pneumoniae)
+/Citrate
Citrobacter freundii Serratia fonticola Klebsiella pneumoniae
(subsp. ozaenae)
Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus Erwinia carotovora Serratia rubidaea
Lysine Decarboxylase
+ Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae
Non-motile, No Pigment Motile, Red pigment Motile, No pigment
+ Citrobacter diversus
(VP neg.)
Enterobacter cloacae
Acid from sorbitol
Enterobacter amnigenus
No acid from sorbitol
H2S Production
Enterobacter aerogenes
?? Erwinia carotovora
+ Citrobacter freundii
Motility pos.
+
??
Please See Bergeys to ID: Shigella spp.
(boydii, dysenteriae, flexneri)
+
Proteus mirabilis Proteus penneri
Ornithine decarb. pos. Ornithine decarb. neg., motile Ornithine decarb. neg., non-motile
Erwinia cacticida Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
+
Edwardsiella tarda Proteus vulgaris
Morganella morganii Providencia stuartii Erwinia cacticida Urease Ornithine Decarboxylase Motility
+
(lysine decarb. neg., the rest pos.)
+
Proteus vulgaris Edwardsiella tarda
+
Providencia stuartii Morganella morganii
+ +
Salmonella bongori
KCN growth pos.
Serratia marcescens
Red pigment
Shigella sonnei
Yersinia pestis
Salmonella enterica
KCN growth neg.
Serratia liquefaciens
No Red pigment