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Tech For Mass Housing
Tech For Mass Housing
As of 2012:
Affordable?
Annual Income: EWS: Rs 90,000 LIG: Rs 120,000 MIG: Rs 300,000
25 m2 Carpet area
OPPORTUNITIES
Archaic laws restricted availability of Urban Land for Large Housing Projects
Emphasis on labor orientated Technologies led to lower productivity There were No Incentives for Standardization of Designs & Use of Prefabricated Building Elements High Cost of Capital
Affordable housing: design & construction method optimization Technology relevant to India Experience of other countries not directly usable due to high costs Social relevance and acceptability Comprehensive solution to make private & public sectors deliver with reasonable profit
Issues of Concern
Affordability: target clientele Scalability: mass housing, prefabrication, modular construction Sustainability: embodied energy, CO2 emission, recycling
Gypsum plaster, reinforced with chopped glass fibres, 300 350 mm long (0.8 kg/m2)
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reduction in structural weight of building saving of cement, steel, sand, water more carpet area saving of construction time reduction in emission of CO2 effective use of industrial waste product suited for affordable mass housing
Applications
As lightweight load bearing walls As partition infill walls in framed buildings As shear walls* As floor slabs / roof slabs: with reinforced concrete micro beams*.
* Design and construction methodology developed at IIT Madras
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Outcome of R&D work at Structural Engg Lab, IIT Madras, since 2004:
To enable IIT Madras to complete R&D efforts and promote technology transfer, Dept of Science & Technology, Govt of India has recently awarded a project with funding of 11 Rs 13.2 million; additional support from industry.
2850 mm
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Presence of rebars in the concrete does not add to the axial strength
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Hysteretic Behaviour
2.02 m wide panels having door opening and subjected to constant axial load & in-plane lateral reversed cyclic loading.
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With 2-3 GFRG panels a small house can be built which is strong and durable, with living comfort.
By cutting into required sizes, 4 for four walls, 2 pieces as roofing panels for sloped roof, a small house can be built within days
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GFRG demo building at IIT Madras (1981 sq ft) kindly check youtube link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUQEUcB7cMM
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PRECAST HOUSING
Ground + 4-floor structure 45 flats each of built-up area 28 square metre Total precast concept
Wall panels
Stair flights Cup boards Kitchen platforms Water tanks
Project: Slum rehabilitation housing at Bhoiwada, Mumbai for M/s Omkar Realtors.
Ground Floor: Cast-in-Place construction (H=4.15m) Typical Floors (1-23): Precast Bearing Wall system (H=2.85m)
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Side Elevation
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Front Elevation
Ground Floor Plan ( 250 and 200 mm thick Walls ; Built-up Area 745 m2)
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Typical Floor Plan (160 mm thick Walls and 150 mm27 thick slabs; Built-up Area 875 m2)
(Courtesy: L&T )
Precast Construction
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ALUMINIUM FORMWORK
Light weight Simple connection arrangement Easy to handle More than 100 repetitions
KHARGAR, MUMBAI
NO. OF HOUSES 1456