ANTIDERIVATIVES

An antiderivativeof f on an interval I is a function F such that ) ( ) ( x f x F = ' for all x in I.

If F is an antiderivative of f on an interval I, then the most general antiderivative of f on I
is C x F + ) ( where C is an arbitrary constant. The collection of all antiderivatives of f represents
the indefinite integral of f with respect to x denoted by C x F dx x f + =
}
) ( ) ( .

Antiderivative Formulas (k is a nonzero constant)
C x
n
dx x
n n
+
+
=
+
}
1
1
1
, 1 = n C x dx
x
+ =
}
ln
1
, 0 = x
C kx
k
dx kx + =
}
cos
1
sin C kx
k
dx kx kx + =
}
csc
1
cot csc
C kx
k
dx kx + =
}
sin
1
cos C kx
k
dx kx kx + =
}
sec
1
tan sec
C kx
k
dx kx + =
}
tan
1
sec
2
C kx
k
dx kx + =
}
cot
1
csc
2

C e
k
dx e
kx kx
+ =
}
1
C a
a k
dx a
kx kx
+ |
.
|

\
|
=
}
ln
1
, a > 0, 1 = a

C kx
k
dx
x k
+ =

}
1
2 2
sin
1
1
1

C kx
k
dx
x k
+ =
+

}
1
2 2
tan
1
1
1


Antiderivative Rules
1. Sum Rule: | |
} } }
+ = + dx x g dx x f dx x g x f ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
2. Difference Rule: | |
} } }
= dx x g dx x f dx x g x f ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
3. Constant Multiple Rule:
} }
= dx x f k dx x kf ) ( ) (