Dynamics Y3 Tutorial 2

Tensioned String
Q1) A string of length 3 m and mass 1 kg/m is stretched with a tension force of 500 N and is
fixed at both ends. Find the first three natural frequencies and draw the corresponding mode
shapes.
| |
3.73 , 7.45 , 11.18 Hz Hz Hz


Q2) A steel wire has a length L and a mass of 2 kg/m and is fixed at both ends. If the wire is
stretched with a tension of 200 N, determine:
a) the fundamental frequency when L = 2 m;
| |
2.50Hz

b) the maximum wire length required to give a fundamental frequency above 5 Hz;
| |
1m

c) Sketch the fifth mode shape and state the number of nodes.
| |
6 nodes


Q3) A steel wire of 2 mm diameter and density = 7800 kg/m
3
is fixed between two points 2 m
apart.
a) If the tensile force in the wire is 250 N, determine the fundamental frequency of
vibration.
| |
25.26Hz

b) If an initial deflection of 25 mm is applied in the middle of the wire, use the first three
modes to determine:
(i) the displacement in the middle of the wire at time t = 0.01 s;
| |
0.21mm
(ii) the velocity at x = 0.3 m and time t = 0.015 s;
| |
208.37mm s

Dynamics Y3 Tutorial 2
Q4) A string ABC, shown in the figure (a) below, of length 2 m and mass 5 kg/m is stretched
with a tension of 100 N and is fixed at both ends.
a) Determine the first three natural frequencies and draw the corresponding mode shapes.
| |
1.12 , 2.24 , 3.35 Hz Hz Hz

b) Determine the time response at the midpoint B of the string if an initial deflection of
3 mm is applied at B as shown in figure (b) below.
( ) ( )
1
2, sin cos 2.236
2
y n
n
n
u L t C n t
t
t

=
( | |
=
| (
\ .

c) Sketch the displacement amplitude versus time curve of point B, considering the first
three modes and using the mode superposition method.