Bi vit cng ngh

Tc gi: Nguyn Vn Thnh, Trn ng Nam

MT S C TRNG CNG NGH CA
CC TH H Intel CPU Core i
T! "i#$ N"%&'n ()n T*+n*, Tr-n .n" N/0
12 0.n 34 t*%5t H6 t*7n", 3*o/ M8n" 9 Tr%&:n T*.n", Tr;<n" C/o =n" N"*: CNTT iS>/!e
T?0 t@t$
ntel, hng ch to CPU hng u th gii lin tc a ra th trng cc chng loi CPU m theo hng ny,
th h CPU sau lun mang nhiu u im hon so vi th h trc.
Bi vit ny s gii thiu mt s cng ngh c trng ca cc th h ntel CPU Core nhm gp phn lm
sng t hon nhng u im m hng ntel cng b.
T kha: HS!, High "vai#a$i#ity, Virtua# %ut&r'
AB GiCi t*i6%
Ngy nay, nhng ng dng ca cng ngh thng tin ngy cng pht trin, cng i su vo i sng con
ngi. ng dng cng pht trin th cng i hi cht long thuc thi ca h thng phn cng my tnh cng
cao. iu ny i hi cc nh sn xut chp vi x l (CPU) phi lun ci tin cng ngh nng cao kh
nng x l ton hoc, hoa; nng cao kh nng tit kim nng long nhm ko di thi gian s dng pin
ca thit b di ng.
Hng ch to chp vi x l ntel lun i u trong vn ny.
hiu r hon v nhng ci tin trong cng ngh ch to chp vi x l ca ntel, ta hy bt u t cu trc
ca mt b my tnh truyn thng.
DB CE% trF! !G/ 0& tHn* tr%&:n t*7n"$
Theo truyn thng, my tnh s dng 2 chipset iu phi d liu di chuyn gia cc linh kin lp t trn
Mainboard:
- Chip cu Bc (Northbridge): iu phi cc lung d liu di chuyn gia CPU RAM VGA Chip
cu nam.
- Chip cu Nam (Southbridge): iu phi cc lung d liu di chuyn cc thit b cn li nh: LAN.
Sound, DE (ATA, SATA), BOS, PC,..
Trang 1
Bi vit cng ngh
Tc gi: Nguyn Vn Thnh, Trn ng Nam
H(nh ) * c+u tr,c c-a m.t $. my t/nh truy0n th1ng'
Vi cu trc ny, vic trao i d liu gia CPU v RAM s gp nhiu tranh chp vi cc lung d liu khc.
iu ny s nh hng kh nhiu n hiu nng x l d liu ca CPU.
Khc phc nhoc im trn, cc hng sn xut CPU a ra nhiu gii php. Mt trong nhng gii php
thng dng nht l gia tng bng thng ca ng truyn d liu gia Chp cu Bc v CPU (goi l Front
Side Bus FSB). Cho ti dng s phm CPU Core2 Quad, FSB t ti 1333 MHz (tong ong
10.6GB/s).
Vo thng 4 nm 2005, hng ch to chp x l AMD tung ra th trng dng CPU AMD Athlon64 - x2 vi
mt tng rt mi m: t b iu khin RAM (Memory Controller) vo trong chp x l (CPU).
IB SJ K2t >* tron" !.n" n"*6 !*L t8o !*H> MN lO !G/ *Pn" AMQ
Chip x l AMD Athlon64 - x2 ra i to ting vang ln trong ngnh CNTT, nht l i vi gii game th
(Gamer) v nhng c tnh u vit ca n trong kh nng x l cc chong trnh Game.
H(nh 2 * c+u tr,c c-a my t/nh 34ng 5!6 "78 "th#%n9: ;2'
Trang 2
Bi vit cng ngh
Tc gi: Nguyn Vn Thnh, Trn ng Nam
B iu khin RAM t bn trong chp x l gip cho vic trao i d liu gia CPU v RAM khng cn gp
bt ky tr ngi no. T , kh nng x l cc ng dng oc np vo RAM din ra nhanh hon. Cng
ngh ny p ng hon ho nhng ng dng c nhu cu x l d kin vi tc nhanh. Nhng ng dng
Game thng c nhng nhu cu ny.
Mt khc, khi b iu khin RAM t bn trong chp x l th chp cu bc oc gii ta mt gnh nng.
Lc ny, chp cu bc chi cn trch nhim iu phi cc lung d liu gia CPU VGA chip cu nam.
Bc t ph ca hng AMD gip hiu nng x l ca CPU tng ln kh r. Tuy vy, mi n cui nm
2008, hng ntel mi ln u tin tung ra th trng th h CPU c b iu khin RAM t bn trong chp x
l. chnh l th h CPU Core i7.
RB Intel tiL> n7i !.n" n"*6 !G/ *Pn" AMQ
C chung tng nh Athlon64 X2 nhng ra i mun hon gn 3.5 nm, CPU Core i7 hin hin c nhiu
ci tin hon.
RBAB 3L t*S/ O t;Tn" !G/ AMQ 9 T*;Un" *i6% CPU Intel Core i r/ K<i
Ln u tin tch hop b iu khin RAM vo trong CPU, hng ntel t ngay cho dng sn phm ny mt
tn thong mi mi: Core iV.
H(nh < * c+u tr,c c-a my t/nh 34ng 5!6 =nt&# 5%r&> i? @ A;;
So vi dng CPU gn nht ca ntel l Core2 Duo v Core2 Quad, k c so vi dng CPU tong ong
ca hng AMD, CPU Core i7 km theo nhiu tnh nng ni bt, chng hn nh:
- B iu khim RAM (Memory Controller) c kh nng truy xut b nh 3 knh (Triple Channel) cho
RAM cng ngh DDR3-SDRAM.
- Tch hop sn cng ngh siu phn lung (Hyper Threading - HT): mt nhn c th x l 2 lung d
liu cng 1 lc.
- Cng ngh Turbo Boost: tnh nng tu ng p xung khi cn thit
- Tch hop thm b nh m (Cache) L3
Th h CPU Core i7 u tin ny c m sn phm l Core i7 9xx (920, 940, 950, 965, 975,.) v s
dng cm (CPU Socket) loi LGA-1366.
n cui nm 2009, ntel tin thm 1 bc na trong vic thay i cu trc ca my tnh: tch hop giao tip
VGA (PC-express) vo trong CPU.
Trang 3
Bi vit cng ngh
Tc gi: Nguyn Vn Thnh, Trn ng Nam
RBDB P*t triWn t*X0 02t Y5! nZ/
Mt khi tch hop giao tip VGA (PC-express) vo bn trong CPU th vic tch hop lun c chp x l
hoa (VGA chip) vo trong CPU l iu hin nhin din ra.
H(nh : * c+u tr,c c-a my t/nh 34ng 5!6 =nt&# 5%r&> i? @ B;;, 5%r&> iC, 5%r&> i<
[B T*L *6 t*\ D !G/ Intel Core i CPU
]B T*L *6 t*\ D !G/ Intel Core i CPU
VB
T?0 t@t (Vit ngDn gEn: cF GHIn0n tng nghiJn cKuL cc Mt Nu ch/nh, GF #OPc Mt #uQn ch/nhR:
......
TS kho:
...S''
AB GiCi t*i6% TSF #OPc n.i 3ung v nhUng nghiJn cKu trOVc WXL cc gii NuytL nhUng WXng gXY mVi,SR
DSS l mt............
DB N2i ^%n" !*Hn* T!hn triZn Mhai cng tr(nh nghiJn cKuR
GS tn ti ba ..........
DBA TiW% n2i ^%n" A
DSS truyn thng ch.......
DBD TiW% n2i ^%n" D
Nguyn thu, GS ....
IB 3Lt l%5n TTr(nh $y Mt Nu Gau Mhi nghiJn cKu, W[ #m WOPc g(, 3\n 3Dt nhUng Mt Nu thnh h Nu,
WOa ra thiu GXt v W0 ;u+t hOVng Yht triZnR
Vi tnh cht phc tp tu nhin.........
Trang 4
Bi vit cng ngh
Tc gi: Nguyn Vn Thnh, Trn ng Nam
T+i li6% t*/0 _*#o
1. Tony Prato, Decision Support System or Sustainable Resource Management, University o Missouri
Comlumbia, 1998.
[2]. http://en.ikipedia.org/iki/SpatialDecisionSupportSystem .
Trang 5