Cc nguyn tc lp t trm BTS

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Ni dung :
A. Cc yu cu an ton trong lp t trm BTS I. H thng tip t, chng st II. H thng ngun in cung cp III. Nh trm B. Cc nguyn tc lp t trm BTS I. Nguyn tc b tr phng my, thit b II. Nguyn tc u ni ngun AC III.Nguyn tc i dy v c nh phi IV.Nguyn tc u ni lung truyn dn V. Nguyn tc u ni cp PCM VI.Nguyn tc u ni cp cnh bo *********************************************
A. Cc yu cu an ton trong lp t i vi trm BTS I. 1. H thng tip t, chng st (xem hnh 1): Ngoi phng thit b:

i vi trm dng ct t ng hoc ct dy nu: Dy thot st t kim thu st phi c ni trc tip thng xung bi t, phi kim tra tht k tip xc gia kim thu st v dy thot st. m bo rng dy thot st khng b i ngc ln v phi c c nh vo
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thn ct (mi 2m mt ln). Ngoi ra, cn phi m bo tch bit dy thot st vi phi, cp RF (nn b tr i dy thot st i din vi thang cp i phi, cp RF) + + m bo an ton cho h thng, phi phi c tip t t nht 3 im im th nht: ti v tr cch im ni gia dy nhy v phi trn ct khong 0,3m n 0,6m im th hai: ti v tr trc khi phi un cong chn ct cch ch un cong khong 0,3m

+ im th ba: ti v tr trc l cp nhp trm, nu l cp nhp trm v bng t ngoi phng thit b gn nhau th khng cn phi dng thanh t m ni trc tip dy tip t cho phi vo bng t ny Lu : Lp v tr thanh t v im lm tip t cho phi tht linh ng sao cho dy tip t cho phi phi i thng xung, hn ch ti a b un cong - C ba thanh ng tip t, chng st cho phi nu trn phi ni vo bng ng tip t trc l cp nhp trm v c ni xung cc t nh sau: + Nu chiu cao ca ct anten < khong cch t chn ct n l cp nhp trm th dng dy ng trn ni trc tip xung cc t (y l trng hp h thng t 3 dy) + Nu chiu cao ca ct anten > khong cch t chn ct n l cp nhp trm th s ni chung vo dy t trong nh mc sn (y l trng hp h thng t 2 dy) Lu : Phi lm thm tip t cho v phi khi chiu di phi ln hn > 20m i vi trm dng loi ct cc (pole): Dy thot st ca tng ct phi i thng v ni vi nhau ti 1 im di sn sn thng ri ni thng trc tip xung bi t, sao cho khi c st nh bt k ct no th st cng c thot xung t nhanh nht. Phi phi c lm tip t ti t nht 2 im:

+ im th nht: ti v tr cch im ni gia dy nhy v phi khong 30-60 cm + im th hai: ti v tr trc l cp nhp trm 2. Trong phng thit b:

- Dng mt dy t ni t bng t chung trong phng thit b i trc tip xung cc t v cch li vi phn chng st bn ngoi phng thit b. - T in AC v n p ni t bng mt ng ring. T ct lc st phi dng mt dy ring, tch bit vi cc dy khc. - V tr bng t chung cho phng thit b c th t di l cp nhp trm, hoc di chn tng tu theo iu kin ca tng trm.

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Ch : - Trong trng hp cp i trn ct <3m th th c th dng mt thanh ng tip t cho phi t on gia thn ct. - Dy chng st trc tip phi ni chc chn, tip xc tt vi kim thu st. Dy thot st lun lun phi theo nguyn tc ni thng t trn xung m bo thot st xung t nhanh nht. - Tt c phn tip t chng st bn n ngoi phng thit b phi m bo c ni t cch li vi phn ni t trong phng my.

Hnh 1: H thng tip t, chng st cho nh trm II. H thng ngun in cung cp 1. H thng ngun AC:

Phi kim tra tht k v nguyn tc u ni (trnh by phn sau), th t pha, mu u dy theo qui nh, kch c dy theo thit k,
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+ Tit din dy ngun t automat in lc vo automat tng: 2x16mm2 (dng cp CADIVI) + Tit din dy ngun t automat 63A trong t in chnh cung cp cho t REC: 5x6mm2 + Tit din dy ngun dng cho my iu ha v in sinh hot (n non, cm,...): 2x2.5mm2 + Mu dy theo qui nh: mu : dy pha (L) mu vng/xanh: dy t (PE) Phi o kim h thng ngun AC t cc ch tiu sau: mu en: dy trung tnh (N)

a. H thng ngun dng n p Lioa, t MPT54: i. Trc n p: in p: 220 20% (VAC)

Tn s: 50 5% (Hz) ii. Sau n p: in p: 220 5% (VAC)

Tn s: 50 5% (Hz) b. H thng ngun khng dng n p, t MP75 (t c n p di rng): in p: 90 285 (VAC) Tn s: 50 5% (Hz)

2. -

H thng ngun DC: Kim tra cc tnh ca cc thanh 0V v - 48V phi tng ng vi cc tnh ca c qui, Cc m (-) ca mi t c qui ni vo cu ch, Cc dng (+) ni trc tip vo thanh ng trong t ngun, in p ra t ngun DC: (48 - 56) V, bnh thng l 54 V, Kim tra in p ca cc b accu: 48 - 55V, bnh thng l 54 V khi khng c ti; 48 V khi c ti, Kim tra in p gia cc dng (0V) vi dy t (PE) 0V, Tit din dy t t ngun DC cung cp cho t BTS: > 16 mm2.

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III. -

Nh trm Phng my phi c trang b kha chc chn m bo an ton v thit b, Phi m bo phng my c bt kn, L cp nhp trm phi c bt kn bng keo silicon m bo khng b nc thm vo v H thng iu ha phi hot ng tt trc khi bt thit b chy.

B. Cc nguyn tc lp t trm BTS 1. B tr trong phng thit b:

Hnh 2 : S b tr thit b trong phng my mu Trong phng thit b, BTS l thit b qua quan trng nht. Nguyn tc b tr thit b trong phng ph my, tnh theo th t u tin v t l cp nhp trm, nh sau: v tr u tin dnh cho BTS, v tr th hai dng ng d phng cho BTS khi cn thm rack BTS, v tr th ba d dnh cho rack cha thit b truyn dn v DDF, tip theo l v tr ca rack ngun, khang trng 60 cm dnh nh cho bo dng v sa cha t ngun MPT54, cc v tr khc l t ct lc st, phn t in AC ... (xem hnh 2).

*Lu : T BTS cch l cp nhp trm (theo h hnh chiu bng) khong 40 n 60 cm, nn n khong cch ny l 65 cm v b tr rack truyn dn 19 inch v vo v tr ny khi cn tit kim din tch s dng. Khng dng b n p Lioa khi dng t ngun MP75.
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Dn lnh thit b iu ha khng c gn ngay pha trn bt k thit b hot ng no o trong trm trnh nh nc vo thit b. 2. Nguyn tc u ni h thng ngun AC

a. Nguyn tc u ni h thng AC cho ph phng my BTS dng t ngun MP75, khng dng d Lioa:

Hnh 2a: u ni h thng AC trong phng my b. S u ni h thng AC cho phng ng my BTS dng t ngun MPT54 v c n p Lioa (h thng dng trong pha 1 v pha 1+, xem hnh 3):

Hnh 3: nguyn tc u ni h thng ngun AC Mt s iu cn lu thm:

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Dy ni t cho t ct lc st v v dy ni t cho LIOA, t AC phi i ring, ng, cch ly vi nhau.

Tt c cc mi ni, u cord phi chc chn, dy in v dy AC i trong t AC phi gn gng v c th m rng sau ny.

3. Nguyn tc i dy v c nh cp phi - Cp phi c b tr/ri ngn np thng u trn mng cp, Ti nhng v tr un cong, bn knh cong ca dy feeder khng c nh qu gii hn cho php (xem hnh 4). V nu bn knh cong nh qu s gy ra suy hao vt mc cho php v dy feeder c kh nng b gy. Dy feeder khng c c nh qu cht vo cu cp v s lm cho feeder b mp. (Xem hnh h 5) Dy feeder phi c c nh vo o cu cp bng kp cp, dy i thng, chc chn (xem hnh h 6)

Nn kp 2 si feeder ca mt sector ctor i chng ln nhau tin cho vic m rng sau ny, n ch khng c kp chung 2 si cp phi ca 2 sector khc nhau!

Trc khi chy dy feeder vo l cp nhp trm phi c on un cong vng xung, nhm trnh nc bm theo feeder chy vo trm qua l cp nhp trm.

Hnh 4: Bn knh cong nh nht cho php.

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Hnh 5: C nh cp feeder qu cht lm mp feeder.

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Hnh 6 : C nh feeder trn cu cp

4. Nguyn tc u ni chuyn tip nhng lung truyn dn viba - thun li cho vic u ni m rng v v qun l lung truyn dn, nguyn tc phn b kt ni chuyn tip nhng lung truyn dn viba nh sau:

o Lung truyn dn viba cho trm gn nht c bn vo lung s 01, nhng trm xa hn s cn c vo khong cch m tng dn v tr ca lung truyn dn viba. o V tr lung truyn dn viba hai site ni vi nhau phi c cng s th t trn n phin bn dy.

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Hnh 4.1: V d s u ni lung vi ba theo v tr trm

Hnh 4.2: S bn dy chuyn tip truyn dn quang v lung viba (minh ha).

5. Nguyn tc u ni cp lung PCM trong trm BTS Xc nh chnh xc lung t thit b truyn dn n trm cn tch hp.

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u i thu ca BTS ( lung i t DF ti rack truyn dn) vo i pht ca lung n t thit b truyn dn trn DDF v ngc li (xc nh i pht thu bng cch s dng n LED: LED s sng khi u vo i pht, tt khi u vo i thu). Phin trn lm phin pht (TX), phin di lm phin thu (RX).

Trn mi phin th phn trn (hng trn) c u c nh, phn di (hng d i) c dng u nhy. u ni gia BTS - DDF, hay IDU - DDF theo cch u thng (TX u vo o TX, RX u vo RX).

u ni gia DDF (truyn dn quang hay viba) BTS dng cch u cho (TX u vo RX, RX u vo TX). TX (A_bis1) = v tr 10 (phin 1, b bn trn), RX = v tr 10 (phin 2, bn di). TX (A_bis2) = v tr 09 (phin 1, b bn trn), RX = v tr 09 (phin 2, bn di). Kim tra bn cht, thm m. Ghi li h s, dn nhn cho cc v tr lung.

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Hnh 5.1: S u lung PCM 6. Nguyn tc u ni cp cnh bo trong trm BTS BTS ca Alcatel h tr 16 cnh bo ngoi

Khi u cnh bo ngun DC vo DDF chung trong hp DDF, cn phi xc nh chnh xc cp dy cnh bo bng cch dng VOM (ch o in tr): + Chn mu dy chnh (nu, trng, vng), ni tng si vo mt que o. + Dng u dy ca que o cn li d nhng si xanh nht, nu in tr bng 0 th l si xanh nht tng ng. Cc cnh bo cha dng th nn u loop nhm trnh gy ra cnh bo gi trn OMC_R. Sau khi u ni xong phi kim tra bng phn mm ngay ti trm v kim tra trn OMC_R.

Mt s quy nh chung trong u ni cnh bo: STT 1 2 11 Tn cnh bo Hng REC Hng ngun chnh Cnh bo cn ngun cqui Mu dy cp ni t t ngun n phin DDF Nu, xanh nht Trng, xanh nht Vng, xanh nht STT phin 1 1 2 STT chn 1 2 3

Bng 6.1: Qui nh v tr, mu dy cnh bo ngun

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Hnh 6.1: Quy nh v tr cp cnh bo, A_bis trn phin DDF

STT

trn phin BTS V tr trn phin DDF V tr tr STT Phin Phin Loi cnh bo STT chn STT STT trn/ trn/ phin trn phin pin di di phin Hng rectifier Hng ngun chnh Cnh bo m ca t M ca t c php Bo chy/ bo khi Nc vo (lt) Cnh bo iu ho 1 1 Trn 1 1 Trn

Mu dy

Trng (Xl 1) Xm (XGND) Xanh da tri 1 2 Trn 1 2 Trn ta Vng 1 3 Trn 1 3 Trn Xm Nu 1 4 Trn 1 4 Trn ta en 1 5 Trn 1 5 Trn Xm 1 6 Trn 1 6 Trn ta Xanh l cy 1 7 Trn 1 7 Trn Xm

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Trng (Xl8) 8 Cnh bo nhit <00C Cnh bo nhit > 450C Cnh bo h thng chng st Cnh bo cn ngun c quy Cnh bo iu ho ( hng qut ) Cnh bo anten 1 8 Trn 1 8 Trn ta (XGND) Trng (Xl 1) Xm (XGND) Xanh da tri 2 2 Trn 2 2 Trn ta Vng 2 3 Trn 2 3 Trn Xm Nu 2 4 Trn 2 4 Trn ta en 2 5 Trn 2 5 Trn Xm 14 Cnh bo anten Cnh bo m ca phng Cnh bo h thng vi ba 2 6 Trn 2 6 Trn ta Xanh l cy 2 7 Trn 2 7 Trn Xm Trng (Xl8) 2 8 Trn 2 8 Trn ta (XGND)

Trn

Trn

10

11

12

13

15

16

Bng 6.2: Qqui nh v tr, mu dy cnh bo trn phin DDF chung

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Hnh 6.2: S u ni chi tit

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