Nomenclature of Saturated

Hydrocarbons
Some Simple Alkanes (C
n
H
2n+2
)

The n-alkanes
CH
4
C
2
H
6
C
3
H
8
C
4
H
10
C
5
H
12
C
6
H
14
C
7
H
16
C
8
H
18
C
9
H
20
C
10
H
22
methane
ethane
propane
butane
pentane
hexane
heptane
octane
nonane
decane
C
11
H
24
undecane
C
12
H
26
dodecane
C
13
H
28
tridecane
C
14
H
30
tetradecane
C
15
H
32
pentadecane
Boiling points

London Forces
Alkyl Groups

Classification of Hs & Cs

The I.U.P.A.C. Rules
Find longest carbon chain
Number chain from end closest to nearest branch
(with 2 different longest chains, use one with most
substituents)
Give alkyl groups attached to the longest chain a
name and a number
Multiple alkyl groups named alphabetically
Multiple groups that are the same: di(2), tri(3),
tetra(4), penta(5), hexa(6)
Halogens are name halo groups fluoro, chloro,
bromo, iodo

Find the longest chain with the
greatest number of substituents

Give the I.U.P.A.C.
Nomenclature
2-methylpentane
3-ethyl-2-methylpentane
2,2,4-trimethylpentane
All are pentanes

2,3-dimethyl-6-(2-methylpropyl)decane
6-isobutyl
Cycloalkanes

Name These