--

1o -
. 1 1
1.

.

.

;

s.g
r

2.

.
. 1 2

3. , .

m
at
h

, :
= , < , >

4. ;

,
.

= + = +

,
. : = =

e-

,
. : = =

,
. :

= 0 : = :

5. :
i.

ii. ;
iii. ;
iv. ( ) ;
v. ;

i.

( ).

ii.
.
iii.
.
iv. ( )
.
v. () .

s.g
r

12. ( );

0x = ( 0)

( ) :

m
at
h

0x = 0

. 1 5

13. , ;
, =
14. :

e-

, =

15.

. :

< + < + <

A
. :

< > 0 <

< > 0 : < :

. :

< < 0 >

< < 0 : > :

10. ;

.
.

2o
. 2 1

s.g
r

11. ;

x :

= x, 0 x 0 x =
2

i.
ii.
iii.

iv.
v.

m
at
h

:
0 =0
2

( 0)

( , 0)

2 =

( 0 , 0)
( 0)

e-

. 2 2

12. , , ;

, , 0.

.
.
13. ;

.

 3o
. 3 1
14. ;
x, y x y.

.
. 3 2
15. ( )
(, ) ;

s.g
r

( )
.

(, )
(, )

m
at
h

. .
16. ;

4 .

17. ;

y
x. -

e-

(x, y).

18. xx yy ;

xx yy .
. 3 3

19. ;
, ,
, .
20. y = x ;

 y = x
.
21. y = x y = x ;
y = x y = x
y = x.
22. xx;
xx y = 0x, y = 0.
23. y = x ;

. 3 4

y
x

= x0.

s.g
r

y = x

24. y = x +
;

y = x + , 0 y = , (0, ) yy.

m
at
h

25. y=x+ y=x+;

y = x + y = x + y = x + .
26. y = x + ;

y = x + .

27. x + y + = 0 0 0 ;

e-

x + y + = 0 0 0 .
28. :
i. x + y = ( 0 0); ii. y = ; iii. x = ;
i.

iv. x = 0

v. y = 0

x + y = .

ii. y = xx
iii. x = yy
iv. y = 0 xx.
iv. x = 0 yy.
29. x + y = 0 0 xx yy.

 x + y = 0 0
xx, yy, :
y = 0 x x + 0 = x =

x = 0 y 0 + y = y =

. 3 5
30. ;
, ,

s.g
r

31. ;

x y
. xy = . ( 0).

m
at
h

xy = 0 y =

32. y =
y =

x.

0;

0
x

:
1 3 , > 0.

2 4 , < 0.

e-

33. ;
:

x y,
0.

.
, y = x y = x.

--

1o
. 1. 1
34. ;
,
.
.
. 1. 2
:

s.g
r

35. ;
, (m2) 1m.

, (1dm2)
1dm.

, (1cm2) -

m
at
h

1cm.

, (1mm2) 1mm.

1m2 = 100dm2 =10000cm2 =1000000mm2

, (1km2)
1km.

e-

1km2 = 1km1km = 1000m1000m = 1.000.000m2

1000m2
.

. 1. 3

36. , , , ,
, ;
2.
, .
.
.
:

m
at
h

. 1. 4

s.g
r

37. ;

.

. ( )

e-

2o
. 2. 1

38. ;

, -

, .
39. .
.
40. y = x .
y = x
xx.

. 2. 2
41. .

.
42. .

.
43.
;
:

s.g
r

0 1 0 1

m
at
h

44. ( A = 90)
. 2B + 2B = 1

. B =

2
2
2 + 2

. 2 + 2 = + = 2 + 2 =
=1
2

.
= =
=
=

e-

. 2. 4

45. 30 45 60;
30

60

= = = 2 .
= = 1
A

= = 30o
( = 90 ) :

30 30

A = AB A = 2 1 A = 3 A =
2

30 =

1
2

, 30 =

3
2

, 30 =

1
3

3
3

60
B

60
1

60 =

, 60 =

, 30 =

= 3
2
2
1
45

45

( = 90 ) , = = 1

= +
2

2 = 12 + 12 2 = 2 =
45 =

1
2

2
2

45 =

45

2
1
2

2
2

45 =

=1

!!!!!

1
2

2
2

3
2

2
2

3
3

60

3
2
1
2

m
at
h

45

s.g
r

30

3o
. 3. 1

46. ;

.

e-

. ( )

47. ;

.
.
.
.

10

. 3. 2
48. :
i.

ii. ;
iii. ;
iv. ;
v. ;
i.

ii. -

s.g
r

iii. .
iv. ( - )
() .
360

m
at
h

v.
.

49. ( - ). ()

- .

e-

, .

:
+

= 180, + = 180.

. 3. 3
50. ( L ) (, ).
L = 2 L = (, )

11

. 3. 4
51. (rad) (, );
O (rad) (, ) .
52. l .

360 2

360

180

s.g
r

53. l rad;
l l =

54. ; ()

(rad) :

l =

(1)

180

m
at
h

(1), (2)
. 3. 5

180

180

(2)

55. ( ) (, );
= 2 =

(, )

e-

. 3. 6

56. ;
.

57. ( )

360 2

,

2
360

2
360

58. (rad)
2rad 2
:

12

 rad
,

2
2

2
2

(1)

e-

m
at
h

s.g
r

!!!

13