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Operation Manual

Spectro UV-VIS Auto
UV-2602












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CONTENT
1. External View, Keyboard and Display
2. Working Principle and Applications
3. Key Technical Indicators, Specifications and Characteristics
4. Working Environment
5. Optical Principle
6. Use Instruction
6.1 Turn on the Instrument
6.2 Description of Keyboard
6.3 Use of Functions
6.3.1 Setup of Print Function
6.3.1.1 Setup of Data Print Function
6.3.1.2 Setup of Time Print
6.3.1.3 Control Light Source Status
6.3.1.4 Wavelength Correction Function
6.3.1.5 Clear Memory Function
6.3.2 Concentration Linear Regression Operation
6.3.2.1 Method of Coefficient to Be Decided
6.2.2.2 Method of Coefficient Entry
6.3.3 Use of Method of Eliminating Cells Mismatching Error
7. Maintenance
8 Application of Calculation Program of Linear Regression Equation
9 Calibration, Adjustment and Faults Analysis
9.1 Replacement of Tungsten and Halogen Lamp
9.2 Replacement of Deuterium Lamp
9.3 Calibration of Wavelength Accuracy
10 A Complete Set of Instrument
11 Storage and Warranty

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1 External View and Display



External View









Operating with PC Operating without PC

LCD Windows
UV-2602 Ver1.0
SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Link with PC?
1= Yes 0 = No
0.010A R
Wavelenght= 550.0 nm

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2 Working Principle and Applications

Spectrophotometers basic principle is that a substance in a solution absorbs selectively
light under the irradiation and excitation of light. Different substances have their own
different absorption spectrums. Therefore, when a monochromatic light passes through a
solution, it will become weak because some of the energy is absorbed. The extent of the
decrease of light energy is proportional to the concentration of the substance, which is in
conformity with the law of Brown-Bill.

=I/I
0

log I
0
/I=KCL
A=KCL

Where Transmission Rate I0 Incoming light Intensity
ITransmitted Light Intensity A Absorptance
KAbsorption Coefficient L Length of Optical Path of Solution
CConcentration of Solution








The above equation expresses that when the incoming light, absorption coefficient and
length of optical path of solution remain unchanged, the transmitted light varies as the
concentration of solution. The basic principle of UV-2602 is designed based on the
above-mentioned physical optical phenomena.

UV-2602 can perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on sample substance in the
range of VU and VIS spectrums. The instrument finds wild applications in medical and
health, clinical inspection, biochemistry, petro-chemical industry, environmental protection,
quality control, etc. It is one of the analytical instruments commonly used in physical and
chemical laboratories.



L
C
I
0
I

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3 Key Technical Indicators, Specifications and Characteristics

Technical Indicators and Specifications
3.1 Optical SystemSingle-beam, Diffraction Grating
3.2 Display 220 words LCD
3.3 Range of Wavelength190nm1100nm
3.4 Light SourceDD 2.5A Deuterium Lamp 12V20W Tungsten Halogen Lamp
3.5 ReceiverPhotodiode
3.6 Wavelength Accuracy0.5nm
3.7 Wavelength Repetitiveness0.3nm
3.8 Band Width 2nm
3.9 Stray Light0.3% at 220nm and 340nm
3.10 Display Range of Transmission Rate0.0%200.0%
3.11 Display Range of Absorbance-0.3~2.600A
3.12 Direct Reading Range of Concentration00009999
3.13 Accuracy of Transmission Rate0.5%Tested with NBS930D
3.14 Repetitiveness of Transmission Rate0.2%
3.15 Noise100%Noise0.3%0%Noise0.2%
3.16 Stability 0.005A(30min)
3.17 Baseline Flatness0.005A
3.18 Power SupplyAC220V22V50Hz1Hz or 110V. 60 Hz.
3.19 External Dimensions520mm410mm200mm
3.20 Net Weight18kg.

Characteristics
The instrument can be used either with or without CP. With CP, the instrument can
perform a scan function witch greatly enhances functions of the instrument.

Instrument Proper (without PC connected)
LCD displays directly measurement data and the current position of the cells.
An Eight-cell-holder for Auto-sampling
Auto adjustment of 0and 100to eliminate cell-mismatching errors.
Data printing and time-interval printing are made possible by setup of functional keys
(Dynamic Measurement)
Concentration direct readout and concentration linear regression operation can be
performed through keyboard entry and measurement data can be printed out through a
printer.


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Operation with PC Connected
In addition to above-mentioned functions, it has many functions such as
measurement of absorption logarithm, energy measurement, spectrum scan, 2/3
measurement, set wavelength and multi-wavelength measurement.
Selection of 8 working channels; detection of peak and valley of spectrum;
conversion, comparison, operation and derivation of spectrum; and transmission of data
to Excel for a spreadsheet will be done.
Using a standard printer to print spectrum, combined data and testing parameters.
Software is applicable in Windows98/2000/XP. The interface is of RS232C.

Operation with PC will be detailed in Software Application Instruction of UV-2602.

4 Working Environment

4.1 The instrument shall be installed in a dry room at an ambient temperature of 10
30 and relative humidity less than 85%.
4.2 During using, the instrument shall be placed on a firm and stable work table without
strong or continuous vibrations.
4.3 There shall not be too intensive lighting in the room and shall be out of direct
sunlight.
4.4 Electric fan shall not blow directly toward the instrument so as to avoid the improper
use of the instrument caused by the invention of air current
4.5 Isolated as far as possible the strong magnetic fields, electric fields or electric
devices generating high frequent waves.
4.6 The power supply to the instrument shall be AC220V22V, 50Hz1Hz and good
earth conductor must be installed. It is recommended to use an AC stabilized power
supply to enhance the instruments anti-interference ability. An electronic AC stabilizer
or AC constant voltage stabilizer is recommended.
4.7 To avoid using in a place with corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide and fluorine
sulfite.

5 Optical System

UV-2602 adopts a grating of CT type dispersion system and a single beam structure
optical pass arranged as the following figure.

Continuous radiated light emitted from deuterium lamp and tungsten halogen lamp is
focused by non-spherical collecting mirror and enters the slit of monochromator. The slit
is right on the focus plane of collecting mirror and collimating mirror in the

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monochromator. The composite light entered the monochromator is reflected by the
plane reflecting mirror and collimated by the collimating mirror to become a parallel light
sending to the dispersion grating, which makes the incoming composite light a
continuous single color spectrum arranged orderly according to a certain sequence
through a derivation effect. This single color spectrum is back to the another collimating
mirror. Because the exit slit is on the focus plane of the collimating mirror, the spectrum
dispersed out of grating passes through the collimating mirror to form an image at the exit
slit by means of light collecting principle. The exit slit selects the single color light with
specified bandwidth to be at the center of sample to be measured in the sample chamber
through the collecting mirror. The light after being absorbed by the sample is transmitted
to a photocell receiver thought a light gate.













1Collecting Mirror 2Deuterium Lamp
3Tungsten, Halogen lamp 4Entrance Slit
5Reflecting Mirror 6Collimating Mirror
7Grating 8Exit Slit
9Filter 10Collecting Mirror
11Sample Holder 12Photocell

Fig. Optical Principle of UV-2602
6 How to Use

6.1 Turn on
Before the first time of using the instrument, check all the accessories and parts
attached to the instrument according to the list provided. Before use, confirm the working
power supply and connect a printer to the instrument. Check sample chamber to make
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 9 10 11 12
13

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sure there is not any object in the optical path. Push the sample cell holder to the
extreme end. After confirmation, turn on first the power of the printer and then the power
of the instrument shown as the following figure.


Self-checking



Asking linking with a PC?


To choose 1, enter into working with PC and choose 0, enter into working with the
instrument proper. In case no choice is made within 7 seconds, the instrument enters into
working with the instrument automatically and prompts as follows (The interface is valid
only with the normal exit from the previous operation linking with PC and back to
instruments control):


Asking for initialization?

To choose 1, enter into initialization. To choose 0, enter directly into the status saved in
the previous exit. During the initialization, the current status of the instrument will be
shown. In case there is something wrong and a prompt will appear.


Display after self-check completed.

6.2 Keyboard
6.2.1 /A/C key refers to measurement mode key. Press the key to choose ,A,C mode
which will be displayed in the LCD window at the same time. In the mode of C,
pressing the key will directly terminate the mode conversion of C measurement to
and A . Pressing the key will terminate the functions of timing print and
concentration linear regression calculation.
6.2.2 Auto Full Scale/Auto Zero key refers to auto adjustment of 0%100%and
0Akey. Press the key, the instrument will automatically perform the adjustment
of 100%0% and 0Aand PLEASE WAITwill be displayed in the LCD
window. The whole process will take several seconds.
6.2.3 Print key refers to print output key. The use of the key is related to the type of

UV-2602 Ver1.0
SPECTROPHOTOMETER
.A R
Wavelength= 500.0nm
Link with PC
1=Yes 0=No
Initialize Machine=
1=Yes 0=No

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print selected by the Function key. If the Function key choosesDATA PRINT
press the key to perform data print. If the Function key chooses TIME
PRINT press the key to perform time print.
6.2.4 Wavelength Set key is used to set the wavelength for the sample to be
measured.
6.2.5 Sample Selectionkey is used to select the position of sample to be
measured.
6.2.6 Function key is functional key of the instrument. Press the key to select mode
of print: DATA PRINT=1orTIME PRINT=2 which will be displayed on the LCD
window at the same time. This function is only valid in the modes of and A. If
after Cmode and want to print in the modes ofand A, a new setup is
needed. Press and hold Function key and press numeral key 3 to enter the
light source control function. Press and holdC key and press numeral key 8
to enter wavelength correction function. Press and hold Function key and press
numeral key 9 to enter memory clear function (This function must be used with
cautious for it will clear all the data including wavelength correction except those
auto saved by the instrument.)
6.2.7 Delete key is to delete data input. Press this key to delete input but
non-confirmed data.
6.2.8 Esc key means to return. In entering data in the Cmode, if you find an entry
error, press this key to return to the initial interface of Cmode to reenter the
data.
6.2.9 Enter key is to confirm the data entered. Press this key, the selection made and
data entered will be accepted by the instrument. In the mode of C, this key is
used to confirm the data to be used as the measurement data. Numeral keys
and symbol keys are used to enter data and symbols.

6.3 How to Use Functions
6.3.1 Setup of Print FunctionOnly in andAmodes
The instrument has data print and time print functions which are operated as
follows
6.3.1.1 Setup of Data Print
In the modesandA, press Function keyLCD displays as follows:







DATE PRINT=1
TIME PRINT=2

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After choose 1, the interface returns and at that time press Print keythe printer will
print the data in the following format:




































****** UV-2602 ******
No. T% A
01 100.0 0.000
02 100.0 0.000
03 100.0 0.000


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Print number starts from 01 with an incremental of 1up to 00, which restarts the number
again.

6.3.1.2 Setup of Time Print

In the modes of and A, press Function key and LCD displays the same as above.

Choose 2LCD displays as follows:


Enter interval and number


When the INTERVAL cursor blinks, it means you should enter an appropriate value. The
range of the value to be entered is 1~99 minutes.

After confirmation, the cursor in the No item blinks, which means for entry of an
appropriate value. The range of the value to be entered is 1~99.

The print format is as follows.Below is the print at an interval of 1 minute and 5 times.















Note: Press Esc key, it will stop time print. In case the mode C changes back to modes
and A and ask for a print function, the print function needs to be setup again.


6.3.1.3 Light Source Status Control
INTERVAL=
No.=
****** UV-2602 ******
INTERVAL=1 minute
No.=5
No. T% A
01 100.0 - 0.000
02 100.0 0.000
03 100.0 0.000
04 99.9 0.000
05 99.9 0.000
06 100.0 0.000
**** END ****


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Press and hold Function key the instrument enters into light source status control and
displays as follows:


Select light source


Choose 3, the instrument enters into tungsten halogen lamp and displays as follows:


Select light source status


1 means on and 0 means off.

Choose 4, the instrument enters into Deuterium lamp and displays as follows:


Select light source status


1 means on and 0 means off.

In case no selection is made on this, press Esc key to escape.

6.3.1.4 Wavelength Correction Function

Press and hold Function key and press numeral key 8 to enter wavelength correction
function and the display is as follows.


Enter correction value

The unit of the correction value is 0.2nm and the correction value to be entered must be
an integer. For example, if you want to correct 0.4nm, you must enter 2. The maximum
wavelength correction value is 3nm.


In case no correction is made on wavelength, press Esc key to escape.
OPER WiLAMP=3
OPER D2LAMP=4
Wi Lamp StatusOn
On=1 OFF=0
D2 Lamp StatusOn
On=1 OFF=0
Adjust Wavelength
Adjust Data =

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6.3.1.5 Clear Memory Function

Press and hold Function key and press numeral key 9 to enter clear memory
function and the display is as follows.

Choose clear?



1 means to clear and 2 means not to clear and save the memory.
Note: Selection must be made on this operation.










6.3.2 Concentration Linear Regression Operation (Mode of C)

There are two methods for concentration linear regression operation:
method of coefficient to be decided and method of coefficient entry,
which will be detailed in the following sections.

6.3.2.1 Method of Coefficient to be Decided

The standard sample of the instrument is set at 2-10. The value to be entered is 0~999.9
(four significant digital capacities and one decimal place). The following is an example to
describe the whole process of the operation with two standard samples.

After select the required measurement wavelength, in the mode of orA, press Auto
Full Scale/Auto Zero key to adjust 0% and100%, then choose mode C, the LCD
display is as follows:



Sure to Clear Memo
1=Yes 2=No
Note
This function must be used with cautious for it will clear all the data including
wavelength correction except those saved automatically by the instrument. After the
instrument turns on, It will take long time to initialize to set necessary data.


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Select Method


CALIBRATION refers to the method of coefficient to be decided and DESIGNATION
refers to the method of coefficient entry.
Choose 1 to enter into the method of coefficient to be decided and print
display is as follows:











Enter No. of standard samples




LCD displays STANDARD SAMPIESThe cursor blinks, waiting for entry.
Enter 2 and press Enter key to confirm, the print display is as follows:









Enter Standard Value 1



LCD Displays STANDARD VALUES? The cursor blinks, waiting for entry.
CALIBRATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
****** UV-2602 ******
CALIBRATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
YOUR CHOICE
1
NUMBER OF
STANDARD SAMPIE
STANDDARD SAMPLES
No.=
2
STANDARD VALUES?
STANDDARD VALUES
C1=


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Enter 0 and press Enter key to confirm, the LCD display is as follows:



Enter Standard Value 2

Enter 10 and press Enter key to confirm, the LCD display is as follows:












Put standard sample 0 in the cell in the sample chamber, wait for data display becoming
stable and press Enter key to confirm, the LCD displays and print as follows:



Measurement Standard Sample 1









Measurement Standard Sample 2

Put standard sample 10 in the cell in the sample chamber, want for data display

becoming stable and press Enter key to confirm, the LCD displays and print as follows:

STANDDARD VALUES
C2=
MEASURE STANDARD
SAMPLE A1=0.000
STANDARD VALUES?
0.0 10.0

No. CONC. DATA(A)
MEASURE STANDARD
SAMPLE A1=0.010

No. CONC. DATA(A)
01 0.0 0.010
MEASURE STANDARD
SAMPLE A2=0.010



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Display Coefficient


Press Enter key to confirm, the LCD displays and print as follows:



Measure unknown sample










Put unknown sample in the cell in the sample chamber, want for data display becoming

stable and press Enter key to confirm, the LCD displays and print as follows:


MEASURE STANDARD
SAMPLE A2=2.612

No. CONC. DATA(A)
01 0.0 0.010
02 10.0 2.612

K=3.8 B=0.0
R**R=0.989
MEASURE SAMPLE
A=0.000 C=0.0

CONC=K*DATAA+B
K=3.8 B=0.0
R**R=0.989

MESURE UNKNOWN SAMPLE
No. DATA(A) CONC.



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Unknown Sample measurement






The complete print format of coefficient identification method.


























MESURE UNKNOWN SAMPLE
No. DATA(A) CONC.
01 1.602 6.1
****** UV-2602 ******
CALIBRATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
YOUR CHOICE
1
NUMBER OF
STANDARD SAMPIE
2
STANDARD VALUES?
1.0 10.0

No. CONC. DATA(A)
01 0.0 0.010
02 10.0 2.612

CONC=K*DATA(A)+B
K=3.8 B=0.0
R**R=0.989

MESURE UNKNOWN SAMPLE
No. DATA(A) CONC.
01 1.602 6.1



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6.3.2.2 Method of Coefficient entry

Coefficient K and B of the instrument is input with the value of 0~999.9 (four significant
digital capacities and one decimal place).The following is an example to describe the
whole process of the operation.

After select the required measurement wavelength, in the mode of orA, press Auto
Full Scale/Auto Zero key to adjust 0% and100%, then choose mode C, the LCD
display is as follows:


Select Method


Choose 2 to enter the method of coefficient entry and print display is as follows:










Enter value of K and B


In LCD K= B= cursors blink waiting for entry.
Enter 3.8 at K and press Enter key to confirm and enter 0 at B and press Enter key to
confirm, display print is as follows:



Measure unknown sample





CALIBRATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
****** UV-2602 ******
CALIBRATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
YOUR CHOICE
2

K=
B=
MEASURE SAMPLE
A=0.000 C=0.0


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Put unknown sample in the cell in the sample chamber, want for data display becoming
stable and press Enter key to confirm, the display and print are as follows:






Unknown sample measurement








Complete print format of the method of coefficient entry.














CONC=K*DATA(A)+B
K=3.8
B=0.0

MESUREUNKNOWN SAMPLE
No. DATA(A) CONC.
MEASURE SAMPLE
A=1.602 C=6.1

MESURE UNKNOWN
SAMPLE
No. DATA(A) CONC.
01 1.602 6.1
****** UV-2602 ******
CALIBRATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
YOUR CHOICE
2
CONC=K*DATAA+B
K=3.8
B=0.0
MESURE UNKNOWN SAMPLE
No. DATA(A) CONC.
01 1.602 6.1



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6.3.3 Use of Method of Eliminating Cells Mismatching Error

The product can eliminate the measurement error caused by cells mismatching.

In the reference position R,0%and100%are adjusted. At that time, the sample
position S1, S2, S3S7 takes R as its reference and all at 0%and100%. In case
S1 gets a cell mismatching error, 0% and100%should be adjusted first, then move
the cell to S1 position and press Auto Full Scale/Zero key . In this way, the cell
mismatching error on the S1 position can be eliminated. The other positions such as S2,
S3S7 will still take R as reference to set 0%and100%. In case other position
gets a cell mismatching error, do accordingly as S1.

Note: If in the R position, press again the Auto Full Scale/Zero to set 0
and 100, at that time, S1S2S3..S7will take R as reference to set
0 and 100 thus to cancel the function of eliminating cell
mismatching error.


7 Maintenance

7.1 When the instrument stops operation, turn off the power switch at the instrument
first and then cut off the power supply.

7.2 In order to prevent it against dusting and condemnation, the instrument must be
place with a dust cover on. Several bags of anti-blushing agents shall be put in the dust
cover to keep lamp chamber from moisture and protect reflect mirror against mustiness
and condemnation so as not to affect the future proper operation of instrument.

7.3 After the instrument has operated for several months or is moved, wavelength
accuracy needs to be checked to ensure the use and measurement accuracy of the
instrument.

8 Application of Calculation Program of Linear Regression Equation

In the routine analysis, enter respectively the standard series of solution and its
corresponding value of absorptance measured, UV-2602 will establish the linear
regression equation C=KA+B and will print this equation as well as C (representing
concentration) and related coefficient R (representing the linear relation of absorptance).
If right after that a sample is measured, the instrument will print out a table containing


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absorptance A or concentration C of the sample. This table shall be retained. Later, if the
same sample is measured under the same condition, enter the value of K and B of
regression equation in the table into the instrument, a concentration calculation table is
thus established without the need to make standard curve or work out regression
equation or related coefficient.
For example, we use methyl n- potassium bicromate to prepare series of standard
solution, S1: 10.6 g/ml, S2: 21.3g/ml and S3: 50.3g/ml and take water as the
reference. Then, in the UV-2602 instrument, to set linear regression equation with the
measurement wavelength being set at 450nm and the result is shown in Table 1. If one
unknown sample need to be measured, the concentration value can be read out directly
in g/ml. Later, when measure the same sample under the same conditions, enter the
value of K and B of regression equation in the Table 1 into the instrument, a
concentration calculation table is thus established to measure directly the absorptance
and concentration of the sample shown in the Table 2.

Table 1 Table 2
























******UV-2602******
CALIBATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
YOUR CHOICE
1
NUMBER OF
STANDARD SAMPLE
4
STANDARD VALUES
0.0 10.6 21.3
50.3
No. CONC. DATA(A)
01 0.0 0.000
02 10.6 0.141
03 21.3 0.288
04 50.3 0.740
CONC=K*DATA(A)+B
K=67.5 B=0.8
R**R=0.999
MEASURE UNKNOWN SAMPLA
No. DATA(A) CONC.
01 0.141 10.3
******UV-2602******
CALIBATION=1
DESIGNATION=2
YOUR CHOICE
2
CONC=K*DATA(A)+B
K=67.5
B=0.8

MEASURE UNKNOWN SAMPLA
No. DATA(A) CONC.
01 0.141 10.3
02 0.289 20.3


2921 S. La Cienega Blvd. Culver City, CA 90232 U.S.A . Tel.: (310) 202-0811/14 Fax: (310) 202-7286
Website: www.labomed.com Email: spectro@labomed.com Email: labomed1@aol.com
Page - 22


9 Calibration, Adjustment and Faults Analysis

After a long time use of the instrument, there may be some changes in the performance
indicators and instrument needs to be calibrated, adjusted or repaired. The following brief
introduction is for reference only.

9.1 Replacement of Tungsten and Halogen Lamp

Light source lamp is a quick-wear part. Please wear gloves when
replacing the lamp so as to prevent against condemnation of the lamp
body to deteriorate light illumination energy.

12V20W plug-in tungsten halogen lamp is used in the UV-2602. Before lamp
replacement, turn off the power and take out the broken lamp and replace a new one.

9.2 Replacement of Deuterium Lamp

DD2.5A deuterium lamp is used in the UV-2602. Before lamp replacement, turn of the
power and loosen the fixed screw at the lamp holder and take out the broken lamp and
replace a new one. Please note the wire position and then tighten the screw.











9.3 Calibration of Wavelength Accuracy

UV-2602 uses the characteristic spectrum 656.1 nm of deuterium lamp to
check and calibrate.




Note
Please note the wire position when replacing deuterium lamp.
Both tungsten halogen lamp and deuterium lamp get very hot
please not to hurt your hands. Do not look at deuterium lamp for a
long time.

2921 S. La Cienega Blvd. Culver City, CA 90232 U.S.A . Tel.: (310) 202-0811/14 Fax: (310) 202-7286
Website: www.labomed.com Email: spectro@labomed.com Email: labomed1@aol.com
Page - 23

Connect the instrument with PC. After initialization, in the mode of
operation, choose wavelength scan function with the parameters set as
follows:

Mode of operation shall chose mode of energy, sampling interval is at 0.1nm, medium
speed and range of wavelength of 650660nmdeuterium and range of ordinate of 0
50E. Confirm after choice.

Press energy control key to chose (2) or (3) and then press Scan key to scan. Using
peak and valley values to detect, the difference between wavelength of peak value and
656.1nm shall not be greater than 0.5nm. If not, use wavelength correction function
to correct. Too big or too small of the peak energy value will change the energy
control value.

Faults Analysis

Phenomena Cause Remedy
1. Turn on the power
switch, no reaction from the
instrument
1. Power supply is not
connected.
2. Power fuse is broken.
3.Poor contact of power
switch.
1.Check the power supply.
2.Replace fuse.
3. Replace power switch on
the instrument
2.Can not pass initialization If light source light is light
If there is any foreign
matters in the sample
chamber
If there is prompts to remind
errors.
Check light source.
Take out foreign matters.
Turn on the instrument
again. If the same problems
remain, contact the
Company.
3Unstable display 1.Pre-heating time is not
long enough
2. Too strong vibration, too
large air current near the
light source or too intensive
light radiation.
3.Improper voltage of power
supply.
4.Improper grounding.
1.Turn on the instrument for
20min
2.Improve the operation
environment.


3.Check the voltage of
power supply.
4.Improve grounding.
4 can not reach 0%100% 1.Faulty microprocessor
2.Faulty amplifier
1.Repair microprocessor.
2.Repair amplifier.
5 Inaccuracy of
concentration calculation
1.Microprocessor board is
broken
1 Repair or replacement of
microprocessor board.

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