TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes

ISA Ethernet 10/ 100/ 1000 Access modules
Enabling advanced Metro Ethernet Services over Next Generation SDH


Introduction
This Technical I nformation Guide describes architecture and applications of I SA
(I ntegrated Service Adapter) Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet Access plug in boards.
Alcatel I SA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules were conceived as add-on modules for
the Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes (OMSN) product family the Alcatels next-
generation SDH systems.
I SA Ethernet Access modules provide comprehensive interfacing, mapping and
transport features that enable Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet services delivery over the
public transport network.
I SA Ethernet Access modules, together with I SA Packet Ring layer 2 switching
modules, realize the OMSN Metro Ethernet Solution.

I SA Ethernet Access modules are:
> I SA-Eth
o Ethernet 10/100 rate-adaptive transport, with provisionable WAN
bandwidth
> I SA-GbE
o Gigabit Ethernet rate-adaptive transport, with provisionable WAN
bandwidth

I SA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules together with I SA Packet Ring empower
OMSN portfolio to offer telecom carriers and service providers be established on new
entrants - the powerful solution to build I P-enabled optical networks.
OMSNs integrated TDM and Packet capabilities enable Service Providers to achieve
the optimal balance between new competitive service offerings and traditional revenue-
generating services.
By only incremental investments OMSN enhance transport networks with new data
service support functions to augment overall network utility. World-class Metro
Ethernet service delivery can be therefore realized by leveraging on the existing
dominant SDH transport infrastructure at minimal
cost..



Table Of Contents

I SA-Eth module...............................................................................................................4
General Description......................................................................................................4
Architecture..................................................................................................................4
Management.................................................................................................................3
Protections: Dual homing.............................................................................................3
Equipment Engineering:...............................................................................................3
I SA-Eth module usage in 1660 SM...............................................................................3
I SA-Eth module usage in 1650 SMC.............................................................................4
I SA-Eth module usage in 1640 FOX.............................................................................4
I SA-GbE Module..............................................................................................................5
General Description......................................................................................................5
Architecture..................................................................................................................6
Figure 13 I SA-GbE Architecture..........................................................................6
Traffic provisioning.......................................................................................................6
Equipment Engineering:...............................................................................................7
I SA-GbE module usage in 1660 SM and 1670 SM........................................................7
I SA-GbE module usage in 1650 SMC ...........................................................................7
I SA-GbE module usage in 1640 FOX............................................................................8


ISA-Eth module
General Description
I SA Ethernet module provides 10/100baseT interfaces
allowing the interconnection of two LANs in a point to
point configuration. The cards act as a gateway towards
the SDH network. This point-to-point connectivity is ,
today, fairly effective to cover Ethernet MAN applications
from the service point of view such as transparent LAN
services and I nternet access.-
Service Level Agreement proposed through this approach
is equivalent to the well known SDH leased line concept.
The principle of the leased line guarantees a dedicated
and independent path for every service, which can be
protected or unprotected, but anyway monitored within
the usual management capability of a transmission
network; those services are intrinsically segregated by the
usage of the transport network resources (Figure 1).


Figure 1: Metro Ethernet Access in OMSN with
ISA-Eth
The major benefits that can be experienced utilizing I SA
Ethernet card in the SDH networks are:
> I nterfaces cost reduction;
> Bandwidth shaping according to clients needs.
The interface cost reduction is achieved thanks to the
native interfaces provided on the board that allow to
replace the expensive up-link ports, which use the POS
(Packet Over SDH/SONET), traditionally. This leads to
an infrastructures optimization of the operator and cost
reduction for the end-user.
The bandwidth can be allocated to the end users in
accordance with the real need, independently from the
interface type. Furthermore the operators are enabled to
offer more services with enhanced flexibility and
granularity, optimizing the bandwidth through the SDH
network.
Architecture

Figure 2: ISA-Eth main board
Ethernet frames are mapped over SDH VC using Generic
Framing Procedure (GFP) encapsulation (I TU-T G. 7041).
All the Ethernet access connectors are on the front panel
of the unit (Fig 2).


ISP Router
LAN to LAN
connection
Internet Access
Internet Access
Ethernet frames
mappedinSDH VC

TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 2 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules
The architecture of the board is represented in Figure 3.
I t is based on two cards:
> access card that provides 14 Ethernet interfaces
10BaseT or 100BaseT,
> main board that provides 11 Ethernet interfaces
10BaseT or 100BaseT.
The Ethernet traffic, opportunely mapped in the SDH
transport structures, is then sent toward the SDH matrix
from the backplane with 4 STM1 equivalent
throughput.
The unit is able to execute a rate-adapting action, hence it
is able to crossconnect a 10/100Mbit/s Ethernet stream
into an SDH virtual container of any dimension (VC12,
VC3, VC4).
Data transfer rate from Customer equipment is limited in
accordance with SDH capacity by the 802.3x flow control
mechanism.
The flow control mechanism is used to prevent the
congestion of the transmission network that may cause
packet discarding. When the buffer memory dedicated to
a certain service is overloaded by an Ethernet frames
peak exceeding the nominal bit rate specified by the SLA,
the flow control mechanism ( I EEE 802.3x) stops the
client source until the bandwidth allocated to the service
is able to absorb the extra traffic. The result is that no
packets are lost even in case of congestion.
The OSI stack relationship and Ethernet frame
encapsulation are shown in figure 4.

Figure 4: GFP mapping
The Ethernet frames received through the native
interfaces are mapped using the GFP protocol into the
SDH VC-x and then transmitted through the SDH. At the
sink Ethernet frames are recovered and then directed
toward the relevant interfaces. Full transparency with
respect of the upper layer protocols is maintained.
SDH bandwidth allocation can be managed following two
approach:
> Each Ethernet interface is independently mapped
into 1xVC12/VC3/VC4. The container is then
cross-connected in the matrix as any other VC
tributary.
> Each Ethernet interface can be mapped as N x
VC12/VC3 through the usage of packet
concatenation. Each VC runs independently
inside the SDH network; for each of these VC a
dedicated cross-connection is required inside the
matrix. Thanks to the information contained into
the GFP Header the frames are re-aligned at the
sink side.
Figure 3: ISA-Eth architecture
S SD DH H P PO OR RT T SSD DH H P POORRTT
ISA Eth
Port
Module
11 x I/F
ISA Et h
Access
Module
14 x I/F
S ST TM M- -NN
RX
TX
TX
RX
S ST TM M- -NN
S SD DH H
SDH
Xconnecti on
SDH
VC
Backpl ane
bus
connecti on
ISA Eth
Port
Modul e
11 x I/F
ISA Eth
Access
Module
14 x I/F

IPv4 IPv6 IPX MPLS


Transparencytoall upper
layer protocols
Ethernet
PHY
GFP
SDH
SDH Payload
Ethernet Frame GFP
Ethernet Frame
Ethernet
I/F
STM - n
I/F

TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 3 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules
Management
The Ethernet port, being part of OSMN portfolio is fully
managed by Alcatel Network Management System.
Figure 5: Ethernet port management in OMSN
Protections: Dual homing
I n case of failure of either LAN-to-LAN Board or Access
Board the Service Protection can be guaranteed by a dual
homing connection between the LAN Switch and the
OMSN.
The L2/L3 customer equipments are connected to OMSNs
using two separate I SA Ethernet ports and the Ethernet
traffic is transported through the SDH network utilizing
2 different paths..
I n case of failure the L2 and L3 equipment switch the
Ethernet traffic to the second I SA Ethernet port.

SDH

Figure 6 Dual homing protection

Of course the SDH pipe transporting Ethernet frames can
be protected through usual mechanisms provided by SDH
network
Equipment Engineering:
This following chapter describes the ISA-Ethernet card
traffic and OMSN implementation engineering rules.

Figure 7: ISA-Eth, GbE and Packet Ring in
OMSN
ISA-Eth module usage in 1660 SM
> I SA-Eth main board: 1 slot in lower shelf area
(11 x Ethernet ports)
> I SA-Eth access board: 1 slot in upper shelf area
(14 x Eth ports) to improve port density.
> I SA-Eth can be housed in any Port slot.
> Up to 400 Ethernet interfaces per shelf



TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 4 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules

Figure 8: Alcatel 1660 SM with ISA-Eth
ISA-Eth module usage in 1650 SMC
> I SA-Eth main board: 1 slot in lower shelf area
(11 x Ethernet ports)
> I SA-Eth access board: 1 slot in upper shelf area
(14 x GE ports) to improve port density.
> I SA-Eth can be housed in any Port slot.
> Up to 75 Ethernet interfaces per shelf.


Figure 9: Alcatel 1650 SMC with ISA-Eth
ISA-Eth module usage in 1640 FOX
> I SA-Eth main board: 1 slot in lower shelf area
(11 x Ethernet ports)
> I SA-Eth Access Board cannot be housed in 1640
FOX.
> Up to 22 Ethernet 10/100 interfaces

Figure 10: Alcatel 1640 FOX and ISA-Eth

.
ISA-Eth main board
ISA-Eth
access board



TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 5 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules
ISA-GbE Module
General Description
I SA Gigabit Ethernet provides 1000BaseSX/1000BaseLX
interfaces in OMSN family allowing the interconnection
of two LANs in a point to point configuration as Figure
11.
The card acts as a gateway towards the SDH network.

Figure 11 - Gigabit-Ethernet Link over SDH
The card allows to realize the following connections in the
SDH Network:
> Transport of a Gigabit Ethernet signal between
two data equipment A and D
> Guaranteed QoS between end points over the
network.
> GE signal between A and B and between C and D
is transported over standard link (i.e.
1000BaseLX or 1000BaseSX fibres)
> the edge nodes map, using a dedicated method,
the GE signal to a VC4-xv (with virtual
concatenation)
> the GE signal is transparently transported by the
SDH/SONET network between OMSNs B and C,
using the VC4-xv trail
These features comply with the following standards:
> I EEE 802.3z (gigabit interfaces)
> I TU G.707 and G.783 (including virtual
concatenation)
The traffic received by the 1000baseSX or 1000baseLX
Ethernet interfaces on the ISA-GbE card is mapped into a
number of VC-4 SDH containers, more precisely the Giga-
Ethernet traffic passing trough 1 x GigabitEthernet
physical interface is mapped into a specific VC-4-xv
(x=12,3,4,5,6,7) structure using the standard virtual
concatenation.
Each Gigabit Ethernet frame is mapped without
modifications into a generic framing procedure frame
(GFP-I TU-T G.7041).
Such GFP frame is afterwards mapped inside the specific
VC-4-xv according to SDH standard protocol stack.
I n fact the Gigabit Ethernet traffic is transported
transparently by the SDH Network and the I SA Gigabit-
Ethernet card inside an OMSN extracts and receives the
Gigabit-Ethernet traffic coming from LAN switches or
routers without "terminating" the Gigabit-Ethernet
frames.
Full rate Gigabit-Ethernet is transported in VC-4-7v and
minimum rate Gigabit- Ethernet in single VC-4.
I SA-GbE GFP standard mapping introduces the rate
adaptation feature in the traffic flow, while taking into
account the bursty profile of the Gigabit-Ethernet traffic.
The rate adaptation relies on the introduction of a buffer
that acts as a bucket which smoothes the bursty Ethernet
traffic.
The peak rate that the card is able to adsorb without
discarding any Ethernet packet/frame is directly
proportional to the bucket "depth".
I n practice no discarding can be achieved because the I SA
Gigabit-Ethernet card features the mechanism of traffic
Flow control specified in I EE 802.3x.

SDH NE SDH NE
A A B B CC D D
SDH/SONET Network
1000BaseSX or
1000BaseLX
1000BaseSX or
1000BaseLX
Backbone Network
Domain
Site
POP
SDH/SONET
WDM
Network
Customer
Sit e
Customer
Site
Cust omer
Net work
Domain
Opt ical Link

TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 6 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules
Thanks to this control, when the buffer reaches a fixed
threshold a particular frame is generated communicating
to the source (i.e. LAN switch or router) to stop its
transmission for a certain time period (specified in this
frame). I n this way frame discarding is avoided.

Figure 12 - Rate adaptation and buffering
Architecture
The architecture of the ISA Gigabit-Ethernet card is
represented in . ISA Gigabit-Ethernet is made of two
cards :
> Main board: card providing hw intelligence and 4
Ethernet 1000BaseSX/LX interfaces
> Access-card: expands the number of 1000
BaseSX/LX ports of the main card with 4
additional 1000 BaseSX/LX interfaces
The Gigabit-Ethernet traffic, specially mapped in the
SDH transport structures, is transmitted from the I SA
Gigabit-Ethernet plug in module toward the SDH matrix
through the back plane (which has 8 x VC-4 equivalent
throughput), then the SDH matrixes connects each VC-4
with the appropriates STM-n port card to the WAN
transmission side.
The bandwidth associated to each 1000BaseSX/LX
interfaces is such that the 8 interfaces within a single slot
I SA Ethernet plug in module, considered all together,
cannot transport more than 8 x VC-4 payload equivalent
bandwidth.


Figure 13 ISA-GbE Architecture
Traffic provisioning
The operator provisioning main options are:
> 1000 BaseSX/LX interface traffic mapped into:
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4-7v
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4-6v
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4-5v
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4-4v
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4-3v
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4-2v
o 1 x GbEGFPVC-4.
The operator will always have to provision for each 1000
BaseSX/LX interface:
> Type of interface : 1000Base SX or 1000Base LX
by using of SFP (Small Form Factor Pluggable
with LC connectors), the possibility to mix
1000baseSX and LX interfaces on the same card
(acces card or port card ) is allowed.
> Mapping in SDH resources (see above)
> I EEE 802.3x Flow control activation
Always considering that the back panel is able support a
maximum throughput of 8 x VC-4.

1250 Mb/ s
GE
SDH
VC-4-XV
Configurabl

GbE
Port Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Access
Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Port Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Access
Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Port Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Access
Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Port Module
4 x I/F
GbE
Access
Module
4 x I/F
SDH PORT SDH PORT
ST
M-
N
ST
M-
N
RX
TX
TX
RX
SDH PORT SDH PORT
STM-N STM-N
SDH MATRIX SDH MATRIX
SDH
Xconnectio
SDH
VC
Backplan
bus
connection
Ethernet Ethernet
GFP GFP
SDH SDH
Protocol stack Protocol stack

TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 7 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules
Equipment Engineering:
This following chapter describes the ISA Gigabit-Ethernet
card traffic and OMSN implementation engineering rules
.
Figure 14: ISA-GbE ports in OMSN: SFP
modules

Gigabit-Ethernet port card can accepted up to 4 1000Base
SX/LX interfaces SFP
> Gigabit-Ethernet acces card can accepted up to 4
1000 BaseSX/LX interfaces SFP
> Only one Access Card can be connected to a I SA
GbEth Port Card
> Gigabit-Ethernet port card can be in any Port Slot
of the OMSNs.
ISA-GbE module usage in 1660 SM and
1670 SM
> I SA-GbE main board: 1 slot in lower shelf area (4
x GE ports); I SA-GbE access board: 1 slot in upper
shelf area (4 x GE ports) to improve port density.
> I SA-GbE can be housed in any Port slot.
> Up to 96 Gigabit-Ethernet interfaces per shelf
ISA-GbE module usage in 1650 SMC
> I SA-GbE main board: 1 slot in righ shelf area (4 x
GE ports); I SA-GbE access board: 1 slot in left
shelf area (4 x GE ports) to improve port density
> The I SA GbE card can be housed in any Port slot.
> Up to 24 Gigabit-Ethernet interfaces

ISA-GbE main board
ISA-GbE access board
Figure 15: Alcatel 1670 SM and ISA-GbE

1650 SMC
Available slots
Port Card
Access Card

TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE ALCATEL 8 >

Alcatel Optical Multi-Service Nodes
ISA Ethernet 10/100/1000 Access modules
ISA-GbE module usage in 1640 FOX
> I SA-GbE main board: 1 slot in lower shelf area (4
x GE ports);.
> Access Board cannot be housed in 1640 FOX.
> Up to 8 Gigabit-Ethernet interfaces



Available slots
1640 FOX
Port Card



Alcatel and the Alcatel logo are registered trademarks of Alcatel. All other
trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Alcatel assumes
no responsibility for the accuracy of the information presented, which is
subject to change without notice.
10 2002 Alcatel. All rights reserved.

3AL XXXXX AAAA Ed. 01