K thut trng cy Trm Hng

Mc Lc
A. K thut to cy con vn m: ...................................................................................................... 3
I. Tiu chun cy m ly ging:........................................................................................................... 3
II. Thu hi v bo qun ht ging: ........................................................................................................ 3
III. Gieo m v chm sc cy ging: .................................................................................................. 4
1.

Tiu chun vn m, lung gieo, lung t bu: .................................................................... 4

3. Lm t ng bu, cy cy: ............................................................................................................. 5

4. Chm sc bo v cy con vn m: ........................................................................................ 7
B. Trng Trm hng .............................................................................................................................. 9
I. Trng cy phn tn ........................................................................................................................... 9
1. i tng p dng, t trng ....................................................................................................... 9
2. Phng thc v mt trng ..................................................................................................... 10
3. X l thc b, o h .................................................................................................................. 10
4. Bn phn lp h ......................................................................................................................... 10
5. Trng Trm hng ..................................................................................................................... 11
6. Chm sc bo v ........................................................................................................................ 11
II. Trng rng tp trung ..................................................................................................................... 12
1. i tng p dng, t trng ..................................................................................................... 12
2. Phng thc v mt trng ..................................................................................................... 12
3. X l thc b, o t, o h .................................................................................................... 12
4. Lp h v bn phn.................................................................................................................... 13
5. Trng rng ................................................................................................................................ 13
C. Nui dng rng trng v cy phn tn ............................................................................................. 15
I. Ta tha nui dng rng trng ...................................................................................................... 15
1. Rng trng thun loi ................................................................................................................ 15
2. Rng trng hn giao vi qu ...................................................................................................... 17

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

K THUT TRNG CY TRM HNG (D TRM)

D trm (Trm hng) c tn khoa hc l Aquilaria crassna Pierre l loi g ln

thng xanh, tn tha, thn thng, cy cao trung bnh t 18-25m, ng knh
ngang ngc trung bnh 35-40cm. Lc cn nh l loi trung tnh, ln ln thin a
sng.
nc ta d trm thng phn b trong cc rng nguyn sinh hoc th sinh- dc
theo bin gii gia 3 nc Vit Nam, Lo, Campuchia. Trong rng D trm c th
mc tp trung thnh qun th c t thnh cao hoc phn b ri rc trong cc lng,
bn mt s vng trung du v min ni. D trm thch hp vi t feralit in
hnh pht trin trn kt, phin, granit, tng trung bnh, pH t 4-6, lng
ma trn 1800mm.
V gi tr kinh t g D trm c th s dng trong xy dng c bn, lm gia
dng thng thng. Gc D trm l nguyn liu qu sn xut cc loi giy si
cao cp. Tuy nhin gi tr quan trng nht ca D trm l khai thc Trm hng,
K nam-y l mt hng c sn rng c gi tr kinh t xut khu cao v c a
chung trn th trng quc t. Trong nhng nm qua do gi tr kinh t cao, nc
ta vic khai thc Trm hng din ra vi quy m rng v cng cao hin
ang lm cho loi cy ny ng trc nguy c tuyt chng.
V vy y mnh v pht trin trng rng D tp trung, phn tn trong cc c s
sn xut v h gia nh cc vng trung du, min ni khng ch c ngha bo tn
v pht trin ngun gen m lu di l khai thc ly trm hng phc v cho
cng nghip ch bin hng liu v xut khu.
Trong ti liu ny ch trnh by mt s gii php k thut v: To cy ging, trng
rng, chm sc v nui dng rng t khi trng cho n khi t c 16 -20 tui.
Mc tiu sau khi trng cc giai on phi t c mt s ch tiu: Sau khi trng
c 6-9 tui l rng bt u khp tn chiu cao trung bnh ca rng trng t
6,5m, ng knh ngang ngc trung bnh t 13,5cm, rng sinh trng v pht
trin tt. Sau khi trng c 16-20 tui chiu cao trung bnh ca rng trng t
14,5m, ng knh ngang ngc trung bnh t 34cm, rng sinh trng v pht trin
tt.

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

A. K thut to cy con vn m:

I. Tiu chun cy m ly ging:

- Trm hng trng tp trung hay trng phn tn thng sau 8-10 nm l bt
u ra hoa kt qu. thu hoch ht lm ging phi chn cy m trn 15 tui.
- Trm hng mc trong rng t nhin do b chn p, thiu nh sng v vy
thng bt u ra hoa kt qu mun hn (14-15 tui ) phi chn cy trn 20 tui
thu hoch ging.
- Khi chn cy m ly ging phi chn nhng c th sinh trng pht trin tt
bt u c trm hng v cht lng tt.
II. Thu hi v bo qun ht ging:
Trm hng thng ra hoa vo cui thng 2 n u thng 3, qu chn vo cui
thng 6 n u thng 7. Khi thy qu chuyn sang mu vng, s qu chn sinh l
(ht tch khi qu) t 10-15% th cho tin hnh thu hi qu. em qu trong bao
ti hoc cht thnh ng ph kn t 2-3 ngy ri em ra bc ly ht v bo qun.
Ht Trm hng l loi ht cha nhiu du, ht ging rt chng mt kh nng ny
mm, v vy t kt qu cao, ht sau khi thu hoch phi em gieo ngay. bo
qun ht tm thi tu theo iu kin c th chn mt trong hai phng php sau
y:
1. Bo qun nhit 6-80C: em ht ng trong khay, r r... v bo qun
trong iu kin trn c th gi ht c t 25-30 ngy.
2. Bo qun bng ct m: em trn u ht d trm vi ct m, t l ht vi ct
l 1/3-1/4 (ht chim 25-30%) dn thnh ng cao: 20-25cm, rng 50-60cm,
di 1,5-2m. Hng ngy phi o ht vi ct 2-3 ln v phun nc gi m
cho ht, lng nc phun va phi ch m ct v ht, khng c qu
t.

Ch :

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

- Phi chn ct sch, ct sng ht si v tp cht. Ct trc khi em bo qun
phi x l bng dung dch Benlat nng 1/1000. Lng phun dung dch Benlat l
6-8 lt/m3 dit tr nm bnh.
- Ni bo qun ht phi thong mt, khng c qu nng vi phng php bo
qun ht bng ct m, c th gi ht c t 12-15 ngy.
- T l gia ht v qu l: 8-10% (c 10kg qu mi thu c 0,8-1kg ht
ging).
- Trng lng ht: 1kg ht cha 2.300-2.600 ht.
III. Gieo m v chm sc cy ging:
1. Tiu chun vn m, lung gieo, lung t bu:
a. Tiu chun vn m:
- C a hnh tng i bng phng, thot nc.
- nc ti trong ma kh, khng b ngp ng trong ma ma.
- L a im thun li cho vic sn xut v vn chuyn cy ging.
b. Lung gieo ht:
- t gieo m ht ging phi c cy ba k trc khi gieo 40="50" ngy.
- Trc khi gieo ht phi ln lung, kch thc lung gieo rng0,7-0,8m, cao
15-20cm, di 8-10m.
- Trc khi gieo ht phi gia cng lm cho lung gieo t nh, tich c di.
Lung gieo phi phun dung dch Benlat t 1/1000-1/1500, lng phun 2-3
lt/10m2.
c. Lung t bu:Trc khi lm dt, ng bu phi x l lung t bu.
- Nn lung phi sch c di v san phng.
- Lung t bu c kch thc: mt lung rng 0,8-1m, di 8-10m, rnh lung
rng 0,5-0,5m thun tin cho vic sn xut v chm sc cy con sau ny.
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

2. Gieo ht:
a. X l ht ging: Ht ging trc khi em gieo phi x l bng dung dch
thuc tm nng 1/1000, em ngm ht vo dung dch trong 1-2 gi ri vt ra
ro nc ht.
b. Thi v gieo ht: thc hin trong thng 7 n ht thng 8.
c. Thut gieo ht:
- Ly ht vi u trn mt lung gieo, lng ht gieo t 0,25-0,3kg/m2.
- Khi gieo ht xong dng t nh sng u ln lung gieo va lp kn ht
ging, dy t 2-2,5mm.
d. Che ph lung gieo, ti nc:
- Lung gieo ht xong nht thit phi che ph, che ph t 0,4-0,5 c th
lm dn che hoc dng cy rng rng cm. Thn cy rng rng cao 35-40cm, c
ly cm cy rng rng t 15-20cm.
- Ht gieo xong phi ti nc m. Tu theo iu kin thi tit m quyt
nh lng nc v s ln ti trong ngy. Nu tri nng nng c th ti 3-4
ln/ngy, mi ln ti lng nc t 1,5-2 lt/m2.
- Nc ti phi ti bng bnh phun hoc thng ti c hoa sen.
3. Lm t ng bu, cy cy:
a. Chun b t ng bu:
- Kch thc ti bu: 8x12cm
- Chun b t: t ng bu phi ly tng mt hoc t ph sa, l t tht
nh n trung bnh. t si , pH t 4-6, l t tt c hm lng mn
cao.
t ng bu phi chun b trc t 45-60 ngy. t phi cho i.
-

Thnh phn hn hp rut bu:

t chim 80%, phn chung hoai 18%, NPK tng hp (hoc ln) 2%.
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

Hn hp trn phi p nh, sng k, trn u trc khi cho vo bu.
- Cho t vo bu: Dng tay cng ti bu ra v cho hn hp vo khi c 1/3
y bu, th nn cht y hn ch v bu (tt t y bu khi nhc ln). Khi
cho hn hp vo bu phi cho bu trn u, khng qu cht hoc qu lng.
- Xp bu vo lung: Khi ng bu xong vn chuyn bu v xp vo lung t
bu. Cc bu phi xp cht v st nhau theo hnh nanh su.
Khi lung t bu xp kn s bu, th dng t lp g lung trnh bu
v gi m cho cy. G lung rng 4-5cm.
Vic lm t, ng bu phi hon thnh trc khi cy cy t nht t 10-15 ngy.
b. Cy cy vo bu:
Chun b: Trc khi cy cy vo bu phi:
- Phun dung dch Benlat ln lung bu, lng phun 0,5-0,6 lt/m2, nng
dung dch 1/1000-1/1500 dit tr nm bnh. Vic phun Benlat thc hin trc
khi cy t 1-2 ngy.
- Trc khi cy cy phi ti m bu, lng nc ti 3-4 lt/m2, vic ti
nc thc hin trc khi cy t 10-12 gi.
- Cy gieo trc khi nh phi ti nc nh cho d v hn ch tn thng
cay mm.
- Phi lm dn che nng trc khi cy cy d che ph 0,4-0,5. Trong trng
hp khng lm dn che th phi chun b rng rng cm cho cy sau khi cy cy
vo bu. C ly cm cy rng rng 15-20cm, 1kg rng rng cm c 5-6m2 lung
t bu.
+Cy cy vo bu: Khi gieo ht xong c 12-15 ngy gp thi tit thun li
ht s ny mm v sau thi gian gieo ht c 25-30 ngy th cy con t 2 l
mm, y l giai on nh cy con cy vo bu tt nht.
Chn cy sinh trng pht trin tt, khng su bnh, r cy mm khng b gp
khc d cy vo bu. Nh cy n u th cy n y, khng nn nh qu nhiu
cy khng kp, cy con b tn thng.

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

- Khi cy cy dng que (nm) vt nhn chc vo bu cy cy, l cy cy
phi nm gia bu, chiu su l cy cy ph thuc vo r cy mm, thng
thng t 5-6cm.
- Khi cho r cy mm xung l phi nh nhng, khng c cong r v lp
kn r cy t trn xung di.
- Cy mm sau khi cy phi th thng dng, khng c xin so, khng
c b st bu.
- Cy cy phi thc hin vo sng sm hoc chiu ti lc tri rm mt (sng t
6-9h30, chiu t 3h30-6h30)
Ch :Cy xong cy phi ti nc gi m, ng thi cm cy rng rng
che nng (nu khng lm c dn che).
4. Chm sc bo v cy con vn m:
Vic chm sc cy con phi c quan tm thng xuyn, c bit l trong 3
n 4 thng u.
a. Ti nc: Tu thuc vo iu kin thi tit, tui cy m quyt nh ch
ti nc. Phi ti nc m, khng c kh hoc qu m t bu.
- Trong vng 30 ngy sau khi cy cy: ngy ti 2 ln vo sng sm v chiu
ti, lng nc ti 1,5-2 lt/m2/ln. Khi ti phi dng bnh ti c hoa sen.
- T 30 ngy n 3 thng tui, ngy ti 1 ln vo sng sm hoc chiu ti,
lng nc ti 2,5-3 lt/m2.
- Sau 3 thng tui c th 2-3 ngy ti nc 1 ln, lng ti 3-4 lt/m2.
b. Nh c ph vng:
- Thi k u sau khi cy cy n 3 thng tui, c 15-20 ngy nh c ph vng
1 ln (Nu cm rng rng th phi d b rng rng lm c ph vng, sau mi
cm li rng rng che nng).
- T 3-6 thng tui c 25-30 ngy tin hnh lm c ph vng 1 ln.
- Sau 6 thng tui c 35-40 ngy nh c 1 ln.
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

b. iu chnh che ph:Tu theo iu kin thi tit, tui cy m quyt nh
che ph cho thch hp.
- Trc 1 thng tui dn che c che ph: 0,4-0,5.
- T 1 thng tui n 3 thng tui che ph:0,2-0,3.
- Sau 3 thng tui c th d b vt che ph, dn che nng.
c. Bn thc phn:
D trm l loi cy tng trng thi k u tng i chm, cho cy con
sm tiu chun vic bn thc cho cy con trong giai on vn m l cn
thit.
- Loi phn bn: Hn hp N.P thnh phn 1 m +2 ln tnh theo trng
lng.
- Cch b: Ho tan hn hp N.P vi nc nng 1-2% (c 100-200g hn
hp cho 1 lt nc) ri ti cho cy.
- Ch : Khi ti nc phn xong phi ti li nc sch ra l cho
sch.
- Lng phn bn:
- T 1-6 thng tui 1g/bu (1kg cho 1000 bu)
- n 10 thng 1,5g/bu (1,5kg cho 1000 bu)
- n 16 thng 2g/bu (2kg cho 10000 bu)
+ Chu k bn: Bn phn phi thc hin saucays cy t 20-25 ngy.
- T 1 n 3 thng tui sau khi cy cyc 15-20 ngy bn thc 1 ln.
- T 3 n 6 thng tui c 25-30 ngy bn 1 ln.
- Sau 6 thng tui c 35-40 ngy bn thc 1 ln.
Vic bn thc cho cy con vn m thc hin tt nht l sau khi lm c
v ph vng.
e. Phng tr su bnh
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

giai on vn m D trm rt t b su hi. Tuy nhin vo ma ma D
trm thng b cc bnh sau y: thi thn, l c r.... c th lm cho cy con b
cht hng lot trong 1 thi gian ngn. V vy phng tr bnh cho cy D trm
trong giai on vn m l rt quan trng c bit l trong thi k 3 thng u.
Vic phng v tr bnh c th dng 1 trong hai loi thuc sau y: Benlt hoc
Topsin vi liu lng v nng sau y.
Tui cy

Chuk
Nng (%)
Phng
Cha Phng Cha
bnh
bnh bnh
bnh
(ngy/ln)
Di 3 thng 10-15
1-2
0,1
0,15-0,2
tui
T 3-6 thng
20-25
1-2
0,15
0,2

Lng Loi
phun
thuc

0,15-0,2 Benlt
0,2-0,3

hoc
Topsin

f. o bu:
L dch chuyn v tr t bu t ch n sang ch kia trong lung nhm hn ch
s pht trin ca r cc, ng thi tng khng gian cho cy con quanh hp tt hn.
Ngoi ra o bu tuyn chn, phn loi cy tt v cy xu. Nhng cy xu dn
li u t chm sc cao hn kp tiu chun xut vn. Trong giai on vn
m c th o bu t 1 n 2 ln.
- o bu ln 1: Khi cy 4-5 thng tui cao t 15-16cm.
- o bu ln 2: Trc khi a cy i trng 1 thng.
Sau khi o bu sa li g lung v ti nc cho cy trong 7-10 ngy u,
mi ngy ti 2 ln vo sng sm v chiu ti, lng nc ti 3-4 lt/m2.
B. Trng Trm hng
I. Trng cy phn tn
1. i tng p dng, t trng
- i tng p dng l trng cc vn h gia nh cc vng trung du v min
ni. L nhng vn c din tch tng i rng, vn mi to lp v xy dng
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

phi trng cy hoc vn phi ci to thay th nhng cy khng c hiu qu
kinh t.
- L nhng vn h c t tong i tt, khng b ngp ng vo ma ma.
2. Phng thc v mt trng
- Phng thc trng: Trng phn tn quanh chu vi vn nh (b ro, b du)
hoc nhng ni dt trng (nu c).
- Mt : 500 cy/ha
Cy cch cy 4m, hng cch hng 5m.
3. X l thc b, o h
- Thc b nn x l cc b, ti nhng v tr thit k trng Trm hng, bn knh
rng 0,5-0,6m. Ni dung gm:
Lung pht dy leo bi rm v lm sch c di. Nu l v tr phi ci to thay
th cy khng c hiu qu kinh t, th phi cht b nhng cy trn ri lm sch c
di.
- o h: Kch thc h o ti thiu phi t 40x40x40cm.
t o h phi cho ln khi ming h. t tt tng mt cho ln bn phi
ming h. t xu, si cho ln bn tri ming h.
Vic lm t x l thc b phi hon thnh trc khi trng 45-50 ngy.
4. Bn phn lp h
- cho cy sinh trng pht trin tt, trc khi trng phi bn lt phn
chung v NPK (hoc phn vi sinh). Lng phn bn mi cy l 2-4kg phn
chung v 0,2-0,3kg phn NPK (hoc phn vi sinh).
Vic bn lt phn trc khi trng nn tin hnh ng thi cng vi lp h.
- Lp h: Trn u t tt pha bn phi vi cc loi phn, ri lp xung h
cho n khi y.

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

5. Trng Trm hng
a. Tiu chun cy ging:Cy trng theo phng thc phn tn yu cu ging
phi m bo ti thiu l: Cao trn 40cm, ng knh gc trn 0,3cm cy sinh
trng pht trin tt, khng su bnh.
b. Thi v trng: Tu vo tng vng (min) c ch kh hu khc nhau m
chn ma v trng cho thch hp.
- V thu ng: Trng t thng 9-12
- V xun h: Trng t thng 3-6.
c. K thut trng
- Trc khi trng dng dao, ko rch b ti bu polyetylen.
- Dng cuc, xng, dao bi l trng, l c kch thc va phi t cy
vo bu. L phi bi (rch) gia tm h.
- Khi trng cho cy xung h, chiu cao c r (bu) bng vi ming h.
- Gi cho cy thng ng ri lp t cho cht. Trng xong phi ti nc cho
cy, lng nc ti 2-3 lt/cy.
Ch :Qu trnh x b bu, trng cy phi cn thn trnh v bu. Tt nht
trng cy trc hoc sau khi ma xong, chn lc rm mt trng.
6. Chm sc bo v
D trm trong nhng nm u tng trng chm, cho cy trng sinh trng
pht trin tt, thi k ny phi tng cng chm sc.
Ni dung chm sc:
- Lm c, xi xo quanh gc cy trng bn knh rng 0,4-0,5m, sau vun
gc cho cy, mi nm thc hin t 2-3 ln, tu theo pht trin ca c di.
- nh k hng nm phi bn thc thm phn chung v NPK.

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

Lng phn bn: 2-3kg phn chung hoai vo 203kg NPK (hoc phn vi sinh).
Khi bn dng cuc, xng rch rng quanh gc cy trng t 15-30cm, cho phn
xung ri lp t kn. Vic bn phn thc hin vo u ma ma sau khi lm
sch c di.
- Cy trng xong phi ro li bo v trnh tru b ph hoi.
II. Trng rng tp trung
1. i tng p dng, t trng
- i tng l cc gia nh, c s sn xut c t trng rng tng i ln.
- t trng Trm hng phi tng i tt, t cn mang tnh cht t rng,
pH t 4-6. L t Feralit in hnh pht trin trn cui kt, phin, granit. t
khng b ngp ng vo ma ma.
2. Phng thc v mt trng
a. Phng thc trng: Trng rng thun loi hoc hn giao.
b. Mt trng
* Trng rng thun loi: Mt trng 2000 cy/ cy cch cy 2m, hng cch
hng 2,5m.
* Trng rng hn giao: Mt trng 2000 cy/ha (trong D trm 1000
cy/ha) cy cch cy 2m, hng cch hng 2,5m.
- Tu theo diu kin lp a m c th chn cc loi cy trng hn giao khc
nhau. Tuy nhin cc loi cy trng hn giao phi c chu k kinh doanh ngn (t
10-20 nm), l loi cy m c tc sinh trng pht trin tng ng hoc km
hn D trm. Sau y ch gii thiu loi cy trng hn giao l cy Qu.
+ B tr cy trng: thun tin cho vic iu ch, ta tha rng sau ny c
bit l khai thc trung gian vic b tr cy trng hn giao D trm vi Qu theo
cng thc c 1 hng trng D trm th trng 1 hng Qu.
3. X l thc b, o t, o h
a. i vi t trng i ni trc
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

- Vic lm t trng c th tin hnh ton din hoc thc hin theo bng trng
rng. Ni dung lm t l: San, i, cy, ba k trc khi trng 2 ln, cn cy su
20-25cm. Vic lm t phi hon thnh trc khi trng 35-40 ngy.
- o h: Kch thc h 20x20x20cm do cy ba k. o h phi hon
thnh trc khi trng 15-20 ngy.
b. i vi t rng (thc b: cp 2 n cp 4)
- Thc hin x l ton din. Ni dung gm: Lung pht thc b st gc kh
ri t, sau dn sch. Vic x l thc b phi hon thnh trc khi trng 45-50
ngy.
- o h: Kch thc h 40x40x40cm
Khi o h t tt tng mt sang bn phi ming h, t xu di v si
sang bn tri. Vic o h phi hon thnh trc khi trng 30-40 ngy.
Ch :Nu trng a hnh dc, cy trng thit k theo ng ng mc.
4. Lp h v bn phn
a. Nu i tng t trng l t trng i ni trc
Vic lp h v bn phn c th thc hin cng vi qu trnh trng rng. Lng
phn bn cho mi cy: phn chung hoai 2-3kg v 0,2-0,3kg NPK (hoc phn vi
sinh) phn trn cho u vi t trc khi trng.
b. i tng t trng l t rng
- Dng cuc xng trn u t tt pha bn phi ming h vi cc loi phn,
ri lp cho y h. Lng phn bn cho mi cy l: phn chung 2-3kg, phn NPK
( hoc phn vi sinh) 0,2-0,3kg.
Vic lp h v bn phn phi hon thnh trc khi trng15-20 ngy.
5. Trng rng
a. Tiu chun cy ging: ging phi m bo cc ch tiu sau: cy cao trn 25cm,
ng knh gc 0,2cm, cy sinh trng tt, khng su bnh.

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

b. Thi v trng: tu theo kh hu tng vng (min) p dng:
- V thu ng: trng t thng 9-12
- V xun h: trng t thng 3-6.
c. K thut trng:
- Trc khi trng dng dao, ko rch b ti bu.
- Dng cuc, xng rch (bi) l t cy ging. Kch thc l trng va
t bu, v tr trng cy gia tm h.
- t cy vo l cho thng ng, chiu cao c r bng vi chiu cao ming h
(mt t) ri lp t cho cht.
Ch :Vic o h, lp h, bn phn, trng cy hn giao thc hin chm sc
cng vi cy D trm.
6. Chm sc bo v
cho rng sinh trng pht trin tt, rng chng khp tn, sau khi trng,
trong nm u phi u t chm sc. Ni dung chm sc v s ln chm sc nh
sau:
* Chm sc nm th nht: thc hin t 1 n 2 ln tu theo ma v. Nu trng
vo v thu chm sc 1 ln, nu trng vo v xun chm sc 2 ln/nm. Ni dung
chm sc:
- Lm c, xi xo quanh gc cy trng bn knh 0,4-0,5cm, sau vun gc cho
cy.
- Bo v rng, cm th tru b.
* Chm sc nm th 2 n nm th 3:
Mi nm thc hin 3 ln, ni dung chm sc:
- Lm c, xi xo quanh gc cy trng bn knh 0,5-0,6cm, sau vun gc cho
cy.

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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

- Bn thc thm phn NPK (hoc phn vi sinh) lng phn bn cho mi cy
gm 2-4kg phn chung 0,2-0,3NPK (hoc phn vi sinh). Bn phn thc hin vo
u hoc cui ma ma, sau khi lm sch c di.
Khi bn phn dng cuc, xng xi quanh gc theo hnh chiu ca tn cy
(khng c xi st gc cy trng lm t r) ri lp kn t.
* Chm sc nm th 4, nm th nm
Mi nm thc hin 2 ln vo u hoc cui ma ma. Ni dung chm sc:
- Lm c v vun gc lung pht dy leo, cy ti sinh (nu c).
- Dit tr su n l (nu c), bng dung dch trebon nng 0,2% phun trc
tip ln thn l.
- Bo v rng trng, cm chn th tru b.
* Chm sc t nm th 6 tr i: mi nm chm sc 1 ln. Ni dung chm sc:
- Lung pht c di, cy ti sinh, dy leo (nu c).
- Dit tr su n l (nu c), bng dunh dch trebon nng 0,2-0,3% phun trc
tip ln l khi thy su xut hin.
- Bo v rng trng.
C. Nui dng rng trng v cy phn tn
I. Ta tha nui dng rng trng
1. Rng trng thun loi
a. S ln ta tha:
Tin hnh ta tha 2 ln t khi rng bt u khp tn, n khi rng rng trng
t 20 tui. Vic ta tha cc ln v khai thc sn phm trung gian cn c vo
mt s ch tiu sau y:
Cp t Ln ta Tui rng Din tch Hdom
tha
trng

Mt
trc lc

Mt
li nui
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

t t
t trung
bnh

(nm )

D1-3

(m)

ta tha
(cy/ha)

dng
(cy/ha)

6-7

(cm)
13.5

6.5

2000

1000

2
1

16-17
8-9

33
14

14
7

1000
2000

500
1000

18-20

35

15

1000

500

b. K thut ta tha
Cy li nui dng cc ln ta tha phi phn b u trn in tch trng
rng. Khi thc hin ta tha khng c cht 2-3 cy lin nhau trong mi ln ta
tha. Cy li nui dng phi chn nhng cy c trin vng sinh trng pht
trin tt.Thit k bi cy li nui dng cc ln ta tha:
Ta tha ln 1:
Mt cy li nui dng khong: 1.000 cy/ha.
C ly gia cc cy li nui dng khong: 3-3,2m
Ta tha ln 2:
Mt cy li nui dng khong: 500 cy/ha.
C ly gia cc cy li nui dng khong: 4x5m
Ch :
+ Trong mi hng: Lin tip c 1 cy li nui dng th 1 cy cht ta tha.
+ Gia cc hng k tip nhau: Cy li nui dng v cy cht ta tha lch
nhau theo hnh nanh su.
Cn thc hin ta tha trc ma sinh trng.
Vic ta tha cc ln v khai thc n phm trung gian khng lm tn thng,
nh hng n cc cy li nui dng, Khi ta tha ln 2 phi dng dy thng
khi h cnh ngn v thn cy.
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K thut trng cy Trm Hng

2. Rng trng hn giao vi qu
Vi phng thc b tr cy trng hn giao l qu v vi mt trng rng
nu mc 2b, phn B.II. Vic ta tha rng cc ln v k thut ta tha phi da
vo cc ch tiu v cp t, t l sng, tnh hnh sinh trng pht trin ca rng
theo mc 1.a nu.
a. Ta tha ln 1:Khi rng bt u khp tn (rng trng t t 6-9 tui).
- Mt cy li nui dng khong 1000 cy/ha (trong D trm 500
c/ha).
- C ly gia cc cy trng hn giao li nui dng khong: 3-3,2m.
- C ly gia cc cy D trm li nui dng khong 4x5m.
b. Ta tha ln 2:
Khi rng trng t tui t 16-20. Khi ta tha ln 2 ng thi l khai thc hon
ton sn phm ca cy qu trong rng trng. Cy li nui dng hon ton l
D trm.
- Mt cy li nui dng khang: 500 cy/ha.
- C ly gia cc cy li nui dng khong: 4x5m.
Theo Vin Khoa hc Lm nghip Vit Nam

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