The managers makes decision and announces

it.(autocratic leadership)
The manger sells his decisions.
The managers presents his ideas and invites
questions.
The managers presents a tentative decision subject to
change.
The manager may present the problem, get the
situation and then takes decision.
The managers may define the limits and request the
group to make the decision.
Full involvement of the subordinates in the decision
making process.

Autocratic:
Leader makes decisions without reference to
anyone else
High degree of dependency on the leader
Can create de-motivation and alienation
of staff
May be valuable in some types of business where
decisions need to be made quickly and decisively

Democratic:
Encourages decision making
from different perspectives leadership may be
emphasised throughout
the organisation
Consultative: process of consultation before
decisions are taken
Persuasive: Leader takes decision and seeks to
persuade others that the decision
is correct


Democratic:
May help motivation and involvement
Workers feel ownership of the firm and its ideas
Improves the sharing of ideas
and experiences within the business
Can delay decision making

Laissez-Faire:
Let it be the leadership responsibilities
are shared by all
Can be very useful in businesses
where creative ideas are important
Can be highly motivational,
as people have control over their working life
Can make coordination and decision making
time-consuming and lacking in overall direction
Relies on good team work
Relies on good interpersonal relations


Paternalistic:
Leader acts as a father figure
Paternalistic leader makes decision but may consult
Believes in the need to support staff

Leadership style may be dependent
on various factors:
Risk - decision making and change initiatives
based on degree of risk involved
Type of business creative business
or supply driven?
How important change is
change for changes sake?
Organisational culture may be long embedded
and difficult to change
Nature of the task needing cooperation?
Direction? Structure?

To take initiative.
He identifies own group goals.
He represents the organization.
Acts as an arbitrator.
To assign reasons for his action.
To interpret.
To guide and direct.
To encourage teamwork
He manages the organization
Human skill: a leader should have an
understanding of human behaviour. The human
skill involves the following:

1. Empathy
2. Objectivity
3. Communication skill
4. Teaching skill
5. Social skill

Conceptual skill includes:
1. An understanding of the organizational
behaviour.
2. Understanding the competitors of the firm, and
3. Knowing the financial status of the firm.

Technical skill: it involves specialized knowledge,
analytical skill and a facility in the use of the tool
and technique of a specific discipline. Technical
competence is an essential quality of leadership.
Personal skill: the most important task of leader
Is to get the best from other. This is possible only
in he possesses certain qualities.
1. Intelligence
2. Emotional maturity
3. Personal motivation
4. Integrity
5. Flexibility of mind
Thank you