Gsmsignaling 120218033406 Phpapp02 PDF

TWS Proprietary - www.tws -inc.
com - (770) 752-7033

GSM Signaling Overview GSM Signaling Overview
] GSM signaling defines the communications between the mobile and
the network
] Signaling has to be carried through the network and across the air-
interface to the mobile
] Different protocols are used across different interfaces
] All GSM signaling is based on the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)
model used for computer systems
] The MSC uses ITUs Signaling System No:7, (SS7 or CCS7) for all its
signaling; to the BSC, HLR, VLR and to other networks
] The Air-interface and A-bis signaling is based on ISDN Link Access
Protocol (LAP-D and LAP-Dm)
] Signaling channels are integrated into the air-interface as the BCCH,
PCH, AGCH, SDCCH, SACCH and FACCH
] Signaling across all interfaces is specified in the standards to allow
different equipment manufacturers for each unit
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Mobile Signaling Mobile Signaling
] When the mobile is first switched on it is under
the control of its own internal algorithms.
] It performs the following sequence:
c Search for GSM frequencies
c Find a FCCH and synchronize frequency
c Find a SCH and synchronize time
c Listen for a BCCH and download information
about the system
c Download idle neighbor list and make
measurements
c Select a best server and camp on it
c If the user wants to make a call, the mobile has to
signal to the network.
c It does this by sending a service request to the
network on the RACH.
GSM SIGNALLING GSM SIGNALLING
BSC
BTS
MS
LAPD
LAPDm
PLMN
(GSM)
ISDN
PSTN
Base Station
System (BSS)
BSSAP
ISUP
TUP
MAP
MAP
MAP
MAP MAP
MAP
VLR AC
VLR HLR EIR
MSC GMSC
Switching
System
NSS
SS7 User Parts:
MAP: SS7, Mobile Application Part
BSSAP: SS7, Base Station Sub-System Application Part
ISUP: SS7, International Subscriber User Part
TUP: SS7, Telephone User Part
LAPD: ISDN, Link Access Protocol Version D
GSM Signaling GSM Signaling
OSI - Model GSM Equivalent
NETWORK
DATA LINK
PHYSICAL
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
USER
TASKS
GSM
NETWORK
TASKS
Network Messages
Framing / Addressing
Coding / Modulation
APPLICATION
PRESENTATION
SESSION
TRANSPORT
NETWORK
DATA LINK
PHYSICAL
Open Systems Interconnect uses layers where only layer 1, the physical
layer is actually physically connected between devices. Messages are sent
between devices by handing them down to lower layers from transmission
across the physical interface.
OSI Layers OSI Layers
Layer 3 Network Layer :
Carries signaling messages, for getting the message to
its destination. Provides connection oriented
(dedicated signaling link) or connectionless services
(packet-type signaling). Example: Radio Resource
message sent from MSC to BSC.
Layer 2 Data Link Layer :
Transfers frames error free between nodes. Concerned
with error detection, framing, re-transmission Example:
LAPD protocol on A-bis between BSC and BTS.
Layer 1 Physical Layer:
Transmits all information across the physical medium.
Specifies the physical medium used: mechanical,
electrical, functional and procedural characteristics.
Example: GMSK modulation on an RF carrier for the
Air-interface between the BTS and the MS
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
Information Flow
Signaling Layers for the Air Interface Signaling Layers for the Air Interface
Layer 1: Functions required to transfer bit steams over physical
TDMA / FDMA channels:
j Ciphering
j Setting of timing advance & TX power
j Channel Coding
j Mapping of logical channels onto physical channels
Layer 2: Provides a reliable signaling link between MS and the
network. Protocol is based on the LAPDm of ISDN
jFraming
jAddressing
jError correction
Layer 3: Takes care of the main control of the MS -network
procedures. It is split into 3 sublayers:
j Radio Resource Management
j Mobility Management
j Connection Management
Air Air- -interface Layers interface Layers
Reconstruct frames,
acknowledges
Speech
Speech
User Data
User Data
Signaling
Signaling
OSI layer 3 Network Functions
Builds frames, requests
acknowledgement
OSI layer 2 Data link functions
Channel coding,
error protection,
interleaving
RF
Modulation
Error correction,
deinterleaving
Equalization
RF
Demodulation
Transmitter
Receiver
OSI layer 1 Physical layer
Network Layer Network Layer
] The network layer is split into three sub-layers
c RR - radio resource management:
croutes messages to the correct channels
cestablishes and maintains physical
connections for control and traffic channels.
c MM - mobility management:
ccontrols authentication and security
management.
cprovides services for the CM layer.
c CM - connection management:
cCC: call control: responsible for establishing,
maintaining and releasing calls
cSS: supplementary services: data etc
cSMS: short message services
Mobility Management MM
Network Layer
Layer 3
Layer 1: Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
CM CC SS SMS
Radio Resources RR
Signaling Protocol Reference Model Signaling Protocol Reference Model
Note: X.25 can be used
for transferring O & M
information
Terminology:
DTAP (direct transfer application part)
BSSMAP (BSS management application part)
BSS OMAP (operation & maintenance application part)
SCCP (signaling connection control part)
MTP (message transfer part)
To other
users
of the SCCP
and MTP
To other processes
within the BSS
To air interface
transmission
equip.
DTAP
BSS
MAP
BSSAP
Distribution function
SCCP
MTP
BSS
OMAP
Physical Layer
A - Interface
DTAP
BSS
MAP
Distribution function
BSS
OMAP
SCCP
MTP
BSSAP
Other applications,
ie. call control
Operation &
maintenance info. to
OA&M center
BSS NSS
GSM Network Protocol Model GSM Network Protocol Model
MS BTS BSC MSC
CM
MM
RR
LAPDm
Radio
RR
LAPDm
Radio
Air - Interface A - bis A - Interface
BTSM
LAPD
64 kbit/s
BSSAP
BTSM
LAPD
BSSAP
SCCP
MTP
CM
MM
BSSAP
SCCP
MTP
64 kbit/s
SCCP
64 kbit/s
SCCP
64 kbit/s
Layer 3
Network
Layer 2
Data Link
Layer 1
Physical
The MSC and the mobile always control all the network signaling.
Example Page Jim Example Page Jim
BTS
Layer 3 message
Page Jim
Layer 2
selects
correct BSC
Layer 1 sends
message across
64 kbit signaling
channel
BSC Layer 1
receives 64 kbit
signaling from
MSC
Layer 2
recognizes a
message for the
mobile and
converts to
LAPD
Layer 2
selects
BTS
Layer 1 sends
message
across A-bis:
T1 or
microwave
BTS Layer 1
receives A-bis
message
Layer 2
recognizes a
message for
the mobile and
converts to
LAPDm
Layer 2
frames
message
Layer 1
sends
message
on PCH
MS Layer 1
receives
PCH
Layer 2
decodes
message
Mobile recognizes
Layer 3 message
Page Jim and
sends response to
page
BSC
MSC
Radio Resource Messages Radio Resource Messages
] Radio resource functions are controlled by the BSC and include:
cSACCH measurement reporting on the uplink
cSystem Information messages 5&6 transmitted on the downlink
cImmediate assignment (assignment of SDCCH)
cAssignment command (from SDCCH to TCH)
cControl of the mobile during handover
cIntra-BSC handovers
cFrequency hopping
cChannel mode changes
cCiphering
cChannel release procedures
cRadio link failure
Radio Resource Messages Radio Resource Messages
] Assignment request
] Assignment complete
] Assignment failure
] Block
] Overload
] Unblock
] Clear command
] Clear complete
] Clear request
] Cipher Mode Command
] Cipher Mode Complete
] Handover Request
] Handover candidate inquiry
] Handover request acknowledge
] Handover required
] Handover required reject
] Handover command
] Handover complete
] Handover failure
] Paging
] Reset
] Queuing
] Trace Invocation
System Information Messages System Information Messages
] The System Information
Messages are sent to the
mobile from the network on the
BCCH in Idle mode and on the
SACCH in active mode.
] The Physical Information
Messages are very similar and
are sent on the FACCH after a
handover.
] They contain the basic
information that the mobile
needs to gain access to the
network.
] System Information Messages 1 to
4 are sent on the BCCH and rotated
with PCH, AGCH, SCH and FCCH,
and maybe the SDCCH.
] System Information Messages 5 &
6 are transmitted continuously on
the SACCH to active mobiles on the
downlink while the measurement
report is being sent on the uplink.
] The contents of the System
Information Messages are given in
the following slides:
] System Information Type 1:
1) Cell Channel description (CA)
which gives the ARFCNs used in
the cell
2) RACH control parameters which
includes:
c the maximum number of
retransmissions on the RACH
c the number of slots to spread the
transmissions
c the cell barred for access
parameter
c call re - establishment allowed
c emergency call allowed
c control class allowed.
1) Neighbour cells description which
gives the ARFCNs of the
neighbour cells to be monitored
by the mobile. Note that this is an
offset and a bit map listing up to
124 ARFCNs.
2) PLMN permitted which lists: the
network colour codes (NCCs)
which the mobile can use.
3) the RACH control parameters as
System Information Type 1.
1) Cell Identity (CI) to identify any cell
in a given location area
2) Location Area Identification
including:
c the Mobile Country Code (MCC)
c the Mobile Network Code (MNC)
c the location area code (LAC)
3) Control channel description
including:
c the attach / detach parameter (ATT)
c the number of blocks reserved for
access grant (AG)
c the common control channel
configuration, ie whether it is combined
with an SDCCH etc.
4) Cell Options including
c Power Control enabled
c DTX enabled
c the value of the radio link timeout
counter
5) Cell selection parameters
including:
c the Cell Reselect Hysteresis parameter
c the maximum mobile power on the
control channel MsTxPwrMaxCCH
c the minimum access threshold
RXLEVMin.
6) the RACH control parameters as
System Information Type 1.
1) Location area identification as in
System Information Type 3
2) Cell selection parameters as in System
Information Type 3
3) RACH control parameters as in
System Information Type 1
4) Cell Broadcast Control Channel
(CBCH) description which gives the
description of the channel used for
cell broadcast
5) Cell Broadcast Control Channel mobile
allocation to give the mobile the
ARFCN used for the CBCH
1) Neighbour cells description which
gives the ARFCNs of the
neighbour cells to be monitored
and reported on by the mobile.
Note that this is also an offset
and a bit map listing up to 124
ARFCNs.
1) Cell Identity (CI) to identify any cell in
a given location area.
2) Location Area Identification including
c the Mobile Country Code (MCC)
c the Mobile Network Code (MNC)
c the location area code (LAC).
3) Cell Options including
c Power Control enabled
c DTX enabled
c the value of the radio link timeout counter
4) PLMN permitted which lists the
network colour codes (NCCs) which
the mobile can use.
] Physical Information
Message:
1) Contains the timing advance
for the mobile and is sent on
the FACCH after a handover
if the handover is to another
site, ie a non - synchronous
handover. It is not sent for a
intra-site synchronous
handover. (Either between
sectors of the same site or a
timeslot shuffle)
.
Call Control Messages Call Control Messages
] Call Establishment Messages
c Alerting
c Call confirmed
c Call proceeding
c Connect
c Connect Acknowledge
c Emergency Setup
c Progress
c Setup
] Call Clearing
c Disconnect
c Release
c Release Complete
] Call Information Phase Messages
c Modify
c Modify Complete
c Modify Reject
c User Information
] Connection Management Messages
c CM Service Accept
c CM Service Reject
c CM Service Request
c CM Re-establishment Request
] Miscellaneous Messages
c Start / Stop DTMF Tones
c Notify
c Status
Mobility Management Messages Mobility Management Messages
] Registration Messages
c IMSI Detach
c Location Updating Request
c Location Updating Accept
c Location Updating Reject
] Security Messages
c Authentication Request
c Authentication Response
c Authentication Reject
c Identity Request
c Identity Response
c TMSI Reallocation Command
c TMSI Reallocation Complete
LAC 1
LAC 2
GSM Cause Codes GSM Cause Codes Rec Rec 2:10 2:10
Cause Tone
(see Table 1)
1 Unassigned number 6
3 No Route to Destination 6
6 Channel Unacceptable 6
16 Normal Clearing 1
17 User Busy 2
18 No User Responding 6
19 User Alerting, No Answer 6
21 Call Rejected 6
22 Number Changed -
27 Destination out of order 6
28 Invalid Number Format 6
30 Response to STATUS ENQUIRY -
31 Normal, unspecified -
34 No circuit/channel available 3
38 Network out of order 6
41 Temporary Failure 3
42 Switching Equipment Congestion 3
43 Access Information Discarded 6
44 Requested circuit/channel not available 3
47 Resources unavailable, unspecified 6
49 Quality of Service Unavailable 3
50 Requested facility not subscribed 6
57 Bearer Capability not authorised 6
58 Bearer Capability not available 3
63 Service or option not available, unspecified 6
65 Bearer Service not implemented 6
69 Requested Facility not implemented 6
79 Service or option not implemented, unspecified 6
81 Invalid Call Reference Value 6
88 Incompatible Destination 6
91 Invalid Transit Network Selection 6
95 Invalid Message, unspecified 6
96 Mandatory Information Element error 3
97 Message Type non-existent or not implemented 6
98 Message not compatible with calls state or
Message Type non-existent or not implemented 6
99 Information Element non-existent or not implemented 6
100 Invalid Information Element contents 6
101 Message not compatible with call state 6
102 Recovery on timer expiry 6
111 Protocol error, unspecified 6
127 Interworking, unspecified 6
GSM Supervisory Tones GSM Supervisory Tones
Tone Frequency Type
1 Dial Tone (optional) 425 Hz Continuous
2 Subscriber Busy 425 Hz Tone on 500ms
* (Called Number) Silence 500ms
3 Congestion 425 Hz Tone on 200ms
* Silence 500ms
4 Radio Path Acknowledgement 425 Hz Single Tone
(Mobile originated only) 200ms
(optional)
5 {Radio Path Not Available 425 Hz 200ms} On/off for
{Call dropped - Mobile originated only 200ms} 3 bursts
6 Error/Special Information} 950 Hz {Triple Tone
* Number Unobtainable } 1400 Hz {Tones on 330ms
Authentication Failure } 1800 Hz {Silence 1.0s
7 Call Waiting Tone 425 Hz, on for 400 ms, 8 s silence
followed by (425 Hz, on for 150 ms
off for 150 ms, on for 150 ms, 8 s
silence and repeated as necessary)
GSM Signaling Recommendations GSM Signaling Recommendations
Air Interface A - bis A - Interface
Layer 1 protocol
Physical layer
GSM Recs
Layer 2 protocol
Data link layer
GSM Recs
Layer 3 protocol
Network layer
GSM Recs
Radio GMSK
Rec 4:04
64 kbit/s E1, T1,
microwave
Rec 8:54
CCS7
64 kbit/s MTP
Rec 8:04
LAPDm
Rec 4:06
LAPD
Rec 8:56
CCS7 / MTP
Rec 8:06
CM/ MM/ RR
DTAP
Rec 4:08
CM/ MM/ RR
BSSMAP
Rec 8:58
MTP / SCCP
BSSAP
Rec 8:08
GSM Timers GSM Timers
] Timers are used to supervise
messages sent across the network.
] The network entity sending the
message starts and stops the
supervisory timer.
] The mobile uses timers to control its
behavior when not under the direct
control of the network, for example,
when idle, during a handover or during
channel disconnect.
] Various messages are used to trigger
the start and stop of each timer.
] The timers allow the MS and BTS time
to respond to requests for
resources or to send information.
] Usually, when a timer times out,
the message is re-transmitted.
] If the timer times out again, the
channels will be released and a
failure will be recorded by the
MSC or BSC.
] Timers are classified as:
c Radio Resource Timers
c Mobility Management Timers
c BSSAP Timers
c A-bis Timers
c Call control Timers
] There are timers for both Layer 3
functions and Layer 2 functions.
GSM Timers
Sue Smith TWS
GSM Timers - Radio Resource Timers
4th February '97
Name Range Default Comments
Network
T3101 1 - 5 s 1 s Supervision of network access. Started when IMMEDIATE_ASSIGNMENT is sent to MS. Stops when MS successfully seizes
SDCCH. On expiry, newly allocated channels are released and the access request is forgotten.
T3107 3.5 - 10 s 6 s Supervision of assignment procedure. Started when ASSIGNMENT_CMD is sent to the mobile. Stopped when
ASSIGNMENT_COMplete message is received on the new channel or ASSIGNMENT_FAILURE is received on the old channel.
On expiry, all resources are released and the connection with the mobile is released.
T3109 5 - 15 s 8 s Releases channels in case of a loss of communication. Started when a lower layer failure is detected by the network when not
engaged in a RF procedure. Also used during the channel release procedure. On expiry channels are released. Default is 9 s.
T3111 0.5 s Supervision of channel disconnection. Started when CHANNEL_RELEASE message is sent. On expiry, disconnects the main
signalling link. Allows for possible repetition of the disconnection command.
T3113 Supervision of paging procedure. Started when PAGING_REQUEST is sent to the mobile and stopped when
PAGING_RESPONSE message is received from the MS. This timer must be longer than T3102 plus T3101. If timer times out,
network may allow PAGING_REQUEST to be sent again and the T3113 is re-started.
Mobile
T3110 0.5 s Used to delay channel deactivation after receipt of the CHANNEL_RELEASE message. Allows some time for disconnection of
main signalling link. Must be short enough to prevent T3109 timing out.
T3120 nRACCH+T1 Supervision of network access attempts. Started when CHANNEL_REQUEST message is sent on the RACCH. Stops on receipt
of an IMMEDIATE_ASSIGNMENT on the AGCH. On expiry, if the mobile has not exceeded the maximum number of
retransmissions allowed (RET = 4) then the MS sends another CHANNEL_REQUEST and T3120 is loaded with a new value.
The value is obtained from T3120 = n RACCH slots + T1 where n = 1..N and N=8 initially and the valaue of "Tx-integer"
subsequently, and T1 = 350 ms.
T3122 2 - 255 s 6 s Delays network access. Started on receipt of an IMMEDIATE_ASSIGNMENT_REJECT message from the network. On expiry, the
mobile may attempt to access the network again.
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GSM Timers
Handover
T3103 4 - 10 s 6 s Supervises the handover in the BSC. Started when the HANDOVER command is sent to the MS. Stopped when the
HANDOVER_COMPLETE message is received via the new BTS on the new channel or HANDOVER_FAILURE message
received via the old BTS on the old channel. On expiry ALL RF channels are released and the mobile is assumed to be lost
during the handover procedure.
T3105 100 ms Supervision of repetition frequency of the PHYSICAL INFO message. Started when the network sends the PHYSICAL INFO
message to the MS and stopped when any correct frames are received from the MS. On expiry, the PHYSICAL INFO message is
sent again up to the number of repetitions (NY1 = 8) and the timer is re-started. If NY1 is reached, the handover is aborted.
T3105_F = 100 ms and T3105_D = 280 ms.
T3124 320 ms Supervision of handover in the MS. Started when the MS receives a HANDOVER_CMD and stops when the
HANDOVER_COMPLETE message is sent. If the handover fails due to the BTS failing to receive the HANDOVER_ ACCESS
message, or the mobile fails to receive the PHYSICAL INFO message, then the Timer expires and a HANDOVER_FAILURE is
recorded. The mobile the deactivates the new channels, reactivates the old channels and continues as if no handover attempt
had occurred.
GSM Timers
Sue Smith TWS
GSM Timers - Mobility Management Timers
4th February 1997
Mobile
T3210 20 s Started when LOC_UPD_REQ sent. Stopped if LOC_UPD_ACK or LOC_UPD_REJ received from network, or on AUTH_REJ. On
expiry start Timer 3211.
T3211 15 s Started on receipt of LOC_UPD_REJ with cause = network failure. Causes a delay before the mobile attempts access to the
network again. On expiry restart location update procedure.
T3212 Time between periodic updates. Started on termination of MM service signalling. Stopped on initiation of MM service signalling.
On expiry, initiate location update procedure.
T3213 4 s Started on location update failure. Delays network access attempt. On expiry, generate a new random access attempt.
T3220 5 s Allows time to receive network messages on IMSI Detatach. Started on IMSI_DETACH sent to network. Stopped on release from
Radio Management sub-layer. Enter NULL or IDLE into HLR/VLR, not updated.
T3230 15 s Cipher mode supervision. Started on CIPHER_REQUEST sent to BTS. Stopped on CIPHERMODE_SETTING. On expiry, provide
RELEASE indication to network.
T3240 10 s Allows time to disconnect from network. Start on normal end of location update procedure. Stop on receipt of any message from
the network. On expiry, release RR connection.
Network
T3250 5 s Start on TMSI_REAL_CMD or LOC_UPD_ACK with new TMSI sent to MS. Stop on TMSI_REAL_COM received. On first expiry,
retransmit AUTH_REQ; on second expiry, release RR connections.
T3260 5 s Supervision of authentication procedure. Start on AUTHentication_REQuest sent to MS. Stop on AUTH_RESP received. On first
expiry, retransmit AUTH_REQ; on second expiry, release RR connections.
T3270 5 s Supervision of identity procedure. Start on IDENTITY_REQUEST sent to MS. Stop on IDENTITY_RESPONSE received. On first
expiry, re-transmit IDENTITY_REQUEST; on second expiry, release RR connections.
GSM Timers
Sue Smith TWS
GSM Timers - BSSAP Timers
4th February 1997
T4 10 - 120 s 60 s Supervision of sending RESET to MSC. Started whenever BSC RESET occurs. Stopped when RESET Acknowledge is received
from MSC. On expiry procedure is repeated until RESET ACK is received.
T5 1 - 10 s 4 s Supervision of OVERLOAD procedure. Started when OVERLOAD message is received from MSC. On expiry new OVERLOAD
messages are taken into account.
T6 3 - 20 s 10 s Supervision of OVERLOAD procedure. Started with T5 when OVERLOAD message is received from MSC. On expiry traffic is
increased to next level.
T7 5 - 30 s 20 s Supervision of periodicity of HANDOVER_REQUIRED message. Started when HANDOVER_REQUIRED message is sent to
MSC. Stopped when HANDOVER_COMMAND message is received from MSC. On expiry, handover procedure is repeated.
T8 8 - 15 s 12 s Supervision of handover procedure in source BSC. Started when HANDOVER_COMMAND message is received from MSC.
Stopped when CLEAR_COMMAND (external handover) is received from MSC. On expiry, ASSIGNMENT_FAILURE message is
sent to MSC.
T10 4 - 14 s 8 s Supervision of assignment procedure. Started when ASSIGNMENT_COMMAND message is sent to the MS via the BTS.
Stopped when ASSIGNMENT_COMPLETE or ASSIGNMENT_FAILURE is received from the MS. On expiry,
ASSIGNMENT_FAILURE message is sent to MSC.
T12 5 - 30 s 15 s Serves as a guard period for local call clearing procedure. Started when a RESET message is received from the MSC. Stopped
when a SSP (sub-system prohibited) message is received from SCCP. On expiry RESET_ACKNOWLEDGEMENT sent to MSC.
GSM Timers
Sue Smith TWS
GSM Timers - ABIS Timers
4th February '97
T9101 10 s Non-modifiable
T9104 5 - 20 s 15 s Supervision of clear procedure from MSC. Started when CLEAR_REQ is sent to MSC. Stopped when CLEAR_CMD is received
from MSC. On expiry, CHANNEL_REL is sent to mobile, via the BTS.
T9105 2 - 240 s 10 s Supervision of SCCP connection procedure. Started when SCCP_CONNECTION_REQUEST is sent to the MSC. Stopped when
SCCP_CONNECTION_CONFIRM or _REFUSED is received from MSC. On expiry, CHANNEL_RELEASE is sent to MS via BTS.
Set to 31 s.
T9113 8 - 15 s 12 s Supervision of external handover in target BSC. Started when HANDOVER_REQUEST_ACK is sent to MSC. Stopped when
HANDOVER_COMplete is received from MS or when CLEAR_CMD is received from MSC. On expiry CLEAR_REQUEST is sent
to MSC.
T200 240 ms Layer 2 repeat timer. Values depend on timers used to supervise message flow between the MS and the network. For proper
operation T200 should be greater than the maximum time between re-transmission of command frames and the reception of
their corresponding response or acknowledgement frames but should be shorter than the corresponding Layer 3 timer
supervising this message flow.
GSM Timers
Sue Smith TWS
GSM Timers - MSC Timers
4th February '97
TNT1 60 - 300 s 300 s Timer deployed to ensure release of SCCP resources. Internal SCCP Integrity Timer
TNT2 1 - 30 s 5 s ASSIGNMENT_REQUEST message sent, awaiting for ASSIGNMENT_COMPLETE reply from BSS. On expiry channels are
released. Value of TNT2 should be greater than BSS timer T10.
TNT3 1 - 30 s 5 s CLEAR_COMMAND message sent, awaiting CLEAR_COMPLETE reply from BSS. On expiry resources are released and mobile
is assumed lost during call clear. Value of TNT3 + T102 should be greater than T8 at the BSS.
TNT4 1 - 30 s 5 s CIPHER_MODE_COMMAND message sent, awaiting CIPHER_MODE_COMPLETE reply from BSS. On expiry the connection is
released and a cipher failure is logged (GMSC601 log).
T101 1 - 10 s 5 s At MSC-A, HANDOVER_REQUEST message sent, awaiting HANDOVER_REQUEST_ACKNOWLEDGEMENT from BSS. If T101
expires, the MSC tries to use another cell from the list of preferred cells. (see NPC parameter)
T201 1 - 30 s 5 s At MSC-B, HANDOVER_REQUEST message sent, awaiting HANDOVER_REQUEST_ACKNOWLEDGEMENT message at MSC-
B after inter-MSC handover. If T201 expires the MSC attempts to use another cell from the preferred cell list if available.
T102 1 - 30 s 5 s With T103, T104, T202, T204, T210 these supervise the sending of messages between two MSCs for an inter-MSC handover.
On expiry resources are released (similar to inter-BSC handover supervisory timers)
T3250 1 - 20 s 5 s TMSI_REALLOCATE_COMMAND or LOCATION_UPDATE_ACCEPT message sent, awaiting TMSI_REALLOCATE command
from mobile station. On initial expiry message re-sent, on second expiry release connection.
T3260 1 - 20 s 5 s AUTHENTIATION_REQUEST message sent, awaiting AUTHENTICATION_RESPONSE message from mobile. On initial expiry
message re-sent, on second expiry release connection.
T3270 1 - 20 s 5 s IDENTITY_REQUEST message sent, awaiting IDENTITY_RESPONSE message from mobile. On initial expiry message re-
sent, on second expiry release connection.
T2_DTAP 30 - 120 s 30 s Call initiated to mobile station and no response message is received. Incoming call timer for network side integrity. On expiry,
release connection.
T301 45 - 300 s 180 s ALERT message is received for the mobile, awaiting sending of CALL_CONFIRMED message. On expiry, release connection.
GSM Timers
T303 1 - 60 s 30 s SETUP message is received for the mobile station, awaiting sending of CALL_CONFIRMED message. On expiry, release
connection.
T305 1 - 60 s 30 s DISCONNECT message sent to mobile, awaiting RELEASE_COMPLETE from the mobile. On expiry RELEASE message sent.
T308 1 - 60 s 30 s RELEASE message sent to the mobile. Awaiting ALERT, CONNECT or DISCONNECT message from the network. On expiry,
DISCONNECT sent.
T310 1 - 60 s 30 s CALL_CONFIRMED message is sent to the mobile, awaiting ALERT, CONNECT or DISCONNECT message from the network.
On expiry, DISCONNECT sent.
T313 1 - 60 s 30 s CONNECT message has been sent to the mobile, awaiting reply of CONNECT_ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. On expiry,
DISCONNECT sent.
TC1N 1 - 60 s 20 s CP_DATA_INDICATION sent to the mobile, awaiting reply of CP_ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. Error indication on second expiry.
MS
CALL SET-UP - Mobile Terminate
BTS
CHANNEL REQUEST (RACH)
IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT (AGCH)
UA (PAGING RESPONSE)
CHANNEL REQUIRED
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK
IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND
DATA INDICATION
BSC
PAGING REQUEST (PCH)
SABM (PAGING RESPONSE)
(SDCCH)
(SDCCH)
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND (SDCCH)
SABM (FACCH) call confirmed
UA call proc.
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE (CM)
ALERTING
CONNECT
CONNECT ACK
DISCONNECT
RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
CHANNEL RELEASE
DISC
UA
T3120
RR nRACCH
+ T1 (350ms)
IMM ASSIGN RES
T3122 (6s)
T3110
0.5s
MOBILE DISCONNECT
PAGING COMMAND CM
(IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT) CHANNEL ACTIVATION
RR
ESTABLISH INDICATION RR
PHYSICAL CONTEXT REQUEST
PHYSICAL CONTEXT CONFIRM
CHANNEL ACTIVATION (TCH ASSIGN)
CHANNEL ACT. ACK
DATA REQUEST (CM)
ESTABLISH INDICATION
RF CHANNEL RELEASE (SDCCH) RR
RF CHANNEL RELEASE ACK RR
DATA REQUEST
DATA REQUEST
DATA INDICATION
DATA INDICATION
DATA REQUEST
DATA INDICATION
DATA REQUEST
DEACTIVATE SACCH
RELEASE INDICATION
RF CHANNEL RELEASE
RR MM
CM
BSS MAP
T3101
(RR) 1s
T3113
(RR)
>T3101 + T3120
T3107
6s
T3111
0.5s
LAYER 2 TIMERS
T200 240ms x 4 rep.
THEN T3109 (8s)
RELEASES LOWER
LAYER.
T10
8s
MSC
PAGING COMMAND CM
PAGE RESPONSE CM
SETUP
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST COMMAND CM
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
CM
CLEAR REQUEST
CLEAR COMMAND
CLEAR COMPLETE
on RF channel
release
or T3111 expiry
TNT3
(5s)
TNT
2
(5s)
TNT2 should be
greater than T10
RF CHANNEL RELEASE ACK
AUTHENTICATE REQUEST (RAND) AUTHENTICATE
AUTHENTICATE REQPONSE AUTHENTICATE RESPONSE (SRES)
CIPHER MODE COMMAND CIPHER MODE CMD
CIPHER MODE COMPLETE CIPHER MODE COMPLETE
SETUP
CALL PROCEEDING CALL PROCEEDING
ALERTING
CONNECT
CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE
(FACCH)
(FACCH on TCH)
CHANNEL RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
Air Interface
A-bis
A-Interface
T301
T303
T308
T310
T313
TNT4
T
W
S

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Mobile
INTER - BSC HANDOVER
BTS 2
MEASUREMENT REPORT
BSC 1
SYS INFO 5 & 6
UA
BTS MEAS. RESULT
RR MM CM BSS MAP
T7 20s
T3113
6s
H/O
FAILS
T3124 TIMES OUT
SABM
H/O FAILURE
Return to Old
channel
(SACCH)
HANDOVER COMMAND
MS MEAS. RESULT
DATA REQUEST
RELEASE REQUEST
RF CHAN. RELEASE
RF CHAN. REL. ACK
OLD BSC
T8
12s
T8 +T102 +
TNT3
HANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER COMMAND
CLEAR COMMAND
CLEAR COMPLETE
HANDOVER FAILURE
MSC
HANDOVER REQUEST
H/O REQ. ACK.
H/O COMPLETE
RR MM CM BSS MAP
T9113
12s
T101
Def:
5s
T102
Def: 5s
TNT3
CLEAR COMMAND
CLEAR COMPLETE
TNT3
(5s)
NEW BSC
BSC 2
CHANNEL ACTIVATION
ACT. ACK.
HANDOVER DETECT
ESTABLISH INDICATION
RELEASE RF CHANNEL
RF CH. REL. ACK.
BTS 1
HANDOVER ACCESS
PHYSICAL INFO
PHYSICAL INFO
SABM
UA
HANDOVER
COMPLETE
T3105
100ms
T3124
320ms
Mobile
(FACCH)
HANDOVER ACCESS
(FACCH)
Air Interface
A-bis
A-Interface
A-Interface
A-bis
Air Interface
Note: Handover
Access
on FACCH
using
RACCH burst
structure
No Phys Info
on Synchronised
Handovers
(FACCH)
DATA INDICATION
RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
RELEASE COMPLETE
RELEASE
DATA INDICATION
T
W
S

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Mobile
LOCATION UPDATE
BTS
T
3
2
1
0
2
0
s
T
3
2
3
0
1
5
s
T3240
10s
CHANNEL REQUEST (RACH)
IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT (AGCH)
CM SERVICE REQUEST (LOC UPDATE)
IDENTITY REQUEST
IDENTITY RESPONSE
AUTHENTICATION REQUEST
AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE
CIPHER MODE COMMAND
CIPHER MODE COMPLETE
LOC UPDATE ACCEPTED
TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE
RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
CHANNEL REQUIRED
CHANNEL ACTIVATION
CHANNEL ACTIVATION ACK
IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT
T
3
2
5
0
5
S CHANNEL RELEASE
RELEASE COMPLETE
DEACTIVATE SDCCH
RELEASE RF CHANNEL
RF CHANNEL RELEASE ACK.
BSC
MSC
LOCATION UPDATE REQUEST CM
IDENTITY REQUEST
IDENTITY RESPONSE
AUTH. REQUEST (RAND)
AUTH. RESPONSE (SRES)
CIPHER MODE CMD (Key)
CIPHER MODE COMPLETE
LOC UPDATE ACCEPTED
TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE
CLEAR COMMAND
(TMSI)
CLEAR COMPLETE
VLR
VLR
VLR
TMSI
ACKNOWLEDGE
TMSI, LOC AREA
ACCEPTED
TMSI
ACKNOWLEDGE
UPDATE LOCATION AREA
T3210
20s
T3240
10s
T3230
15s
RR / CM / MM BSSMAP
T3111
T3260
5s
T3270
5s
T3250
5S
TNT
4
(5S)
TNT3
(5S)
SRES
S.Smith Dec 94
(SDCCH)
T3260
T3250
T3270
Air Interface
A-bis
A-Interface
RELEASE INDICATION
DISC
UA
RELEASED
RELEASE COMPLETE
CHANNEL RELEASE
(SDCCH)
T
W
S

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