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9

1) 2 2 x y (x,y)
2) 3 3 x y z (x,y,z)
2
1) 2 P(x1 , y1) Q(x2 , y2)
PQ =
2) 3 P(x1 , y1 , z1) Q(x2 , y2 , z2 PQ =

( x 2 x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 y1 ) 2
( x 2 x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 y1 ) 2 + ( z 2 z1 ) 2

1
0 0 = 0
> 0
< 0
2
0 , 0
+ = 0 = 0 = 0

1) 2


(1 , 1 )
2) 3

2 1
(2 , 2 )
=
2
1

(1 , 1 , 1 ) (2 , 2 , 2 )

2 3
1) 2
=
|| = 2 + 2

1
= 2

2 1

2 1
= 2 1

2 1

= (2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2

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2) 3

= || = 2 + 2 + 2

2 1

= (2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2
= 2 1
2 1

2 3
1) 2
= 1
2) 3

= 1

u
u
u
u

=
=

a

a 2 + b 2 b
a
1
b
2
2
2
a +b +c
c
1

3) ,

1) 2
u = x1i + y1 j v = x2i + y2 j u v
1) u v = x1 x2 + y1 y2
2) u v = u v cos u v
2) 3
u = [a1 , b1 , c1 ] v = [a2 , b2 , c2 ] u v
1) u v = a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2
2) u v = u v cos u v
2
3) (u + v ) (u + v ) = u + v = u 2 + 2u v + v 2
4) (u v ) (u v ) = u v 2

= u + 2 u v cos + v
2
2
= u 2u v + v
= u 2 u v cos + v

u v

u
v
u

u v

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1) u = [a1 , b1 , c1 ] v = [a2 , b2 , c2 ]
u v = [b1c2 b2c1 , c1a2 c2 a1 , a1b2 a2b1 ]

2)

u v =

u v

b1 c1
a c
a b
i 1 1 j+ 1 1 k
b2 c2
a 2 c2
a2 b2

u v = u v sin

http://www.dektalent.com/lesson/18-vector/

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