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  • Reference Model

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    Harsha Naidu
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    The document describes the three lowest layers of the OSI reference model: the physical layer, data link layer, and network layer. The physical layer deals with transmitting raw bits over a communication channel and defining aspects like voltage levels and timing. The data link layer handles moving data across the physical link and contains the MAC and LLC sublayers; it sets up connections, frames data, and uses acknowledgements. The network layer also handles moving data across links and setting up and ensuring connections.

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    Reference models

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    The document describes the three lowest layers of the OSI reference model: the physical layer, data link layer, and network layer. The physical layer deals with transmitting raw bits over a communication channel and defining aspects like voltage levels and timing. The data link layer handles moving data across the physical link and contains the MAC and LLC sublayers; it sets up connections, frames data, and uses acknowledgements. The network layer also handles moving data across links and setting up and ensuring connections.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    14 views4 pages

    Reference Model

    Uploaded by

    Harsha Naidu
    The document describes the three lowest layers of the OSI reference model: the physical layer, data link layer, and network layer. The physical layer deals with transmitting raw bits over a communication channel and defining aspects like voltage levels and timing. The data link layer handles moving data across the physical link and contains the MAC and LLC sublayers; it sets up connections, frames data, and uses acknowledgements. The network layer also handles moving data across links and setting up and ensuring connections.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 4

    OSI Reference Model

    1. Physical Layer
    Transmit raw bits over a communication channel.
    Make sure
    when one side sends 1 bit, the other side should also
    receive 1 bit. But not 0
    Questions here are:
    1. How many volts should be used to represent 1 and
    How many volts should be used to represent 0.
    2. How many nanoseconds a bit lasts.
    3. Weather transmission proceeds in both directions.
    4. How the initial connection is established and
    How it is torn down when both sides are finished.
    5. How many pins the network connector has and
    2. Data link layer
    The Data-Link layer is the protocol layer in a program that
    handles the moving of data in and out across a physical link
    in a network.
    The Data-Link layer contains two sublayers that are
    described in the IEEE-802 LAN standards:
    1. Media Access Control (MAC)
    2. Logical Link Control (LLC)
    The Data-Link layer ensures that
    1. an initial connection has been set up,
    2. divides output data into data frames and
    3. If the data frame is received the receiver will send
    back the acknowledgement frame.

    3. Network Layer
    The Data-Link layer is the protocol layer in a program that
    handles the moving of data in and out across a physical link
    in a network.
    The Data-Link layer contains two sublayers that are
    described in the IEEE-802 LAN standards:
    1. Media Access Control (MAC)
    2. Logical Link Control (LLC)
    The Data-Link layer ensures that
    1. an initial connection has been set up,
    2. divides output data into data frames and
    3. If the data frame is received the receiver will send
    back the acknowledgement frame.

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