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  • Type Group Examples Main Mechanism Alkylating and Related Agents

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    Arief Candra Nurohman
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    This table provides an overview of the main types and examples of anticancer drugs, along with their primary mechanisms of action. The types include alkylating agents, antimetabolites, cytotoxic antibiotics, plant derivatives, hormones/antagonists, protein kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies. Alkylating agents work by cross-linking DNA. Antimetabolites block DNA and RNA synthesis. Antibiotics have multiple effects on DNA and RNA synthesis and topoisomerase action. Plant derivatives disrupt microtubule assembly or inhibit topoisomerases. Hormones antagonize hormone-dependent tumor growth. Kinase inhibitors block growth factor receptor signaling. Antibodies block cell proliferation or prevent angiogenesis.

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    This table provides an overview of the main types and examples of anticancer drugs, along with their primary mechanisms of action. The types include alkylating agents, antimetabolites, cytotoxic antibiotics, plant derivatives, hormones/antagonists, protein kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies. Alkylating agents work by cross-linking DNA. Antimetabolites block DNA and RNA synthesis. Antibiotics have multiple effects on DNA and RNA synthesis and topoisomerase action. Plant derivatives disrupt microtubule assembly or inhibit topoisomerases. Hormones antagonize hormone-dependent tumor growth. Kinase inhibitors block growth factor receptor signaling. Antibodies block cell proliferation or prevent angiogenesis.

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    15 views2 pages

    Type Group Examples Main Mechanism Alkylating and Related Agents

    Uploaded by

    Arief Candra Nurohman
    This table provides an overview of the main types and examples of anticancer drugs, along with their primary mechanisms of action. The types include alkylating agents, antimetabolites, cytotoxic antibiotics, plant derivatives, hormones/antagonists, protein kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies. Alkylating agents work by cross-linking DNA. Antimetabolites block DNA and RNA synthesis. Antibiotics have multiple effects on DNA and RNA synthesis and topoisomerase action. Plant derivatives disrupt microtubule assembly or inhibit topoisomerases. Hormones antagonize hormone-dependent tumor growth. Kinase inhibitors block growth factor receptor signaling. Antibodies block cell proliferation or prevent angiogenesis.

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    of 2

    Table 55-1.

    An overview of anticancer drugs


    Type Group Examples Main mechanism
    Alkylating and related
    agents
    Nitrogen mustards Cyclophosphamide,
    ifosfamide, chlorambucil,
    melphalan, estramustine,
    ntrastrand cross-
    lin!ing of "NA
    Nitrosoureas #omustine, carmustine,
    $latinum compounds Carboplatin, cisplatin,
    o%aliplatin

    &ther 'usulfan, treosulfan,
    thiotepa, dacarba(ine,
    procarba(ine, temo(olimide

    Antimetabolites )olate antagonists *ethotre%ate, raltitre%ed,
    pemetre%ed
    'loc!ing the
    synthesis of "NA
    and+or ,NA
    $yrimdine pathway )luorouracil, capecitabine,
    cytarabine, gemcitabine,
    tegafur

    $urine pathway )ludarabine, cladibrine,
    mercaptopurine,
    tioguanine, pentostatin,
    clofarabrine, nelarabine

    Cytotoxic antibiotics Anthracyclines "aunorubicin, do%orubicin,
    epirubicin, idarubicin,
    -mito%antrine., -amascrine.
    *ultiple effects on
    "NA+,NA
    synthesis and
    topisomerase
    action
    &ther 'leomycin, dactinomycin,
    mitomycin

    Plant derivatives Ta%anes
    /inca al!aloids
    $aclita%el, doceta%el
    /inblastine, vincristine,
    vindesine, vinorelbine
    *icrotubule
    assembly0 prevents
    spindle formation
    Campothecins
    &ther
    rinotecan, topotecan,
    trabectedin
    1toposide
    nhibition of
    topoisomerase
    Hormones/antagonists 2ormones+analogues "iethylstilbestrol,
    ethinyloestradiol,
    medro%yprogesterone,
    megesterol, norhisterone,
    goserelin, leuporelin,
    triptorelin, lanreotide,
    octreotide
    Act as
    physiological
    antagonists,
    antagonists or
    hormone synthesis
    inhibitors to
    disrupt hormone-
    dependent tumour
    growth
    Antagonists Tamo%ifen, toremifine,
    fulvestrant, cyproterone,
    flutamide, bicalutamide
    Aromatase inhibitors Anastro(ole, letro(ole,
    e%emastine
    Protein kinase
    inhibitors
    Tyrosine !inase
    inhibitors
    "asatinib, erlotinib,
    imatinib, nilotinib,
    nhibition of
    !inases involved in
    $an !inase inhibitors sunitinib
    3orafenib
    growth factor
    receptor
    transduction
    Monoclonal antibodies Anti-14), 14)-5 $anitumumab, trastu(umab 'loc!s cell
    proliferation
    Anti-C"56+C"55 ,itu%imab, alemtu(umab nhibition of
    lymphocyte
    proliferation
    Anti-/14) 'evaci(umab $revents
    angiogenesis
    "rugs in parentheses have similar pharmacological actions but are not necessarily
    chemically related.

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