Land and its resources

1 The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the reaction between pieces of egg shell and
dilute sulphuric acid.
What are the products of the reaction?
A Calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
B Calcium carbonate + carbon dioxide
C Calcium sulphate + carbon dioxide + water
D Calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide + water
PMR 2004
2 The table shows the information obtained from the steps of petroleum distillation.
Temperature
Colour after
distillation
Viscosity
Colour
of flame
Soot uantity
elow !"
"
C Colourless #ery low viscosity lue $one
!1
"
C % 1!"
"
C &ight yellow &ow viscosity 'range ( little
1!1
"
C % 2)"
"
C *ellow #iscous *ellow
( large amount
+ore than 2)"
"
C rown #ery viscous ,ed
( very large amount
Which of the following best explains the product of petroleum distillation?
A The higher the boiling point- the lower the viscosity
B The higher the boiling point- the more soot is produced
C The higher the boiling point- the more complete is the burning
D The higher the boiling point- the paler the colour of the distillate
PMR 200!
. Which of the following situations will produce a compound?
PMR 200"
/ 0iagram 2" shows 1- 2 and , using the products of petroleum.
0iagram 2"
Which of the following shows the correct petroleum products used by 1- 2 and ,?
P # R
A 3uel oil 0iesel 4erosene
B 0iesel 4erosene 3uel oil
C 4erosene 3uel oil 0iesel
D 3uel oil 4erosene 0iesel
PMR 200$
) 0iagram 1! shows the apparatus set5up to investigate the properties of compound 2. The
gas released turns the lime water chal6y.
0iagram 1!
What is compound 2?
A Copper oxide
B &ead sulphide
C 7ilicon dioxide.
D Calcium carbonate.
PMR 200%
Paper 2
1 3igure 1 shows an experiment to study the reaction between iron filings and oxygen.
&PMR 2004'
3igure 1
8a9 8i9 ()at can you o*ser+e happening to the iron filings during the reaction?
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8ii9 ,i+e one reason for your observation in 8a9 8i9
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8b9 (rite the word e;uation for the reaction.

+
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8c9 The iron filings in the experiment is then replaced with copper powder.
(rite the word e;uation for the reaction.

+
8 1 mar69

2 0iagram . shows the apparatus set5up to study the effect of heat on calcium carbonate.
&PMR 200$'
0iagram .
8a9 8i9 ()at is li;uid W?
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8ii9 ()at can be o*ser+ed happening to li;uid W at the end of this experiment?
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8b9 Complete the word e;uation for this reaction.
Calcium Carbonate <eated +
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8c9 ()at conclusion can be made from this study?
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8d9 Su--est how sla6ed lime can be formed from pieces of sea shells.
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8 2 mar6s 9
(
Calcium
carbonate
. 8a9 0iagram ).1- ).2 and ).. show the formation of petroleum. &PMR 200%'
0iagram ).1 0iagram ).2
0iagram )..
./plain the formation of petroleum shown in diagram ).1 and diagram ).2.
0iagram ).1
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0iagram ).2
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8 2 mar6s9
8b9 0iagram )./ shows the apparatus set5up to investigate the separation of petroleum into
four different fractions. Table ).) shows the observations during the process.
0iagram )./
Distillate Boilin- point Colour of fractions Viscosity of fractions
3raction 1 ." C % !" C Clear $on viscous
3raction 2 !1 C % 12" C &ight yellow $on viscous
3raction . 121 C % 1=" C *ellow 7lightly viscous
3raction / 1=1 C % 2"" C rown #iscous
Table ).)
ased on the observations stated in Table ).)>
8i9 State the relations)ip between the boiling point and the colour of the fraction.
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8ii9 State the relations)ip between the boiling point and the viscosity of the fractions.
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8 1 mar6 9
8iii9 State one use of fraction 1.
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8 1 mar6 9
8c9 The natural fuel resources in +alaysia are limited and non5renewable. We need to
conserve them.
Su--est t0o ways of using natural resources efficiently in the industrial sector.
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8 2 mar6s 9
8d9 itumen is one of the petroleum fractions.
State how bitumen can be produced.
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8 1 mar6 9
Land and 1ts Resourcers
Paper 2
1. C
2.
.. (
/. C
). 0
Paper 2
$o. (nswer
1 a. 8i9 ?ron filling burn very brightly.
8ii9 ?ron filings react with oxygen.
b. +
c. +
2 a. 8i9 &ime water
8ii9 &ime water@&i;uid W turns chal6y
b. Calcium carbonate <eated +

c. Calcium carbonate when heated releases carbon dioxide that turns the
lime water chal6y.
d. y heating the sea shell strongly and then pour few drops of water to it.
. a. 0iagram ).1> ,emains of creatures buried under mud and sand.
0iagram ).2> <igh pressure and heat slowly changed the mud and sand
into roc6s.
b. 8i9 (s the boiling of fraction increases the colour of the fraction becomes
dar6er.
8ii9 (s the boiling of fraction increases the viscosity of the fraction
increases
8iii9 3uel for car
c. 1. Ase machine which consume less fuel.
?ron
Copper 'xygen Copper oxide
'xygen ?ron oxide
Calcium oxide Carbon dioxide
2. Ase recycle things such as aluminium cans- iron articles and bottles.
d. itumen is produced through fractional distillation at the temperature more
than .)"BC.