V6 Manual en

EAGLE
EASILY APPLICABLE GRAPHICAL LAYOUT EDITOR

Manual
Version 6
1st Edition
11208600
Copyright 2011 CadSoft Cop!t"r A## Right$ R"$"r%"d
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'ale of Contents
Chapter 1
Introduction................................................................................ 19
1.1 What is in this Manual?................................................................19
1.2 Important Changes.......................................................................20
EAGLE Supply Layers epre!ate.................................................20
"e# Internal $ata %ormat............................................................21
"e# Chara!teristi!s o& C'( an C)*+.........................................21
*olygons.......................................................................................21
Appro,e Errors in $-C an E-C.................................................21
"e# Commans...........................................................................22
1.. General Comments A/out EAGLE Component Li/raries..............22
1.0 (e!hni!al (erms............................................................................22
Chapter 2
Installation.................................................................................. 25
2.1 What +ou "ee.............................................................................21
2.2 "e# Installations..........................................................................21
Wino#s......................................................................................21
Linu2............................................................................................23
Ma! )S 4......................................................................................25
2.. 'pating an )ler 6ersion...........................................................27
"otes on Li/rary %iles...................................................................27
In Case o& Changes in the %ile $ata Stru!ture..............................29
2.0 Changing or E2tening the Li!ense..............................................29
2.1 Multiple 'ser Li!enses...................................................................0
"otes &or Installing in a "et#or8...................................................0
Spe!ial Instru!tions 'ner Wino#s.............................................1
*ath In&ormation.........................................................................1
$i&&erent )perating Systems at the Wor8ing Computers.............1
2.3 Language Settings..........................................................................1
Wino#s.......................................................................................2
Linu2 an Ma! )S94......................................................................2
Chapter 3
EAGLE Modules and Editions......................................................33
..1 EAGLE Moules..............................................................................
(he Layout Eitor...........................................................................
S!hemati! Eitor............................................................................
Autorouter.....................................................................................0
..2 $i&&erent Eitions...........................................................................0
3
-a&le o# 1ontents
*ro&essional Eition.......................................................................0
General.......................................................................................0
Layout Eitor..............................................................................1
S!hemati! Eitor.........................................................................1
Autorouter Moule......................................................................3
Stanar Eition...........................................................................3
%reemium Eition..........................................................................3
Light Eition..................................................................................5
Chapter 4
A First Look at EAGLE.................................................................39
0.1 (he Control *anel..........................................................................9
Li/rary Summary..........................................................................00
$esign -ules.................................................................................01
'ser Language *rograms: S!ripts: CAM ;o/s................................02
*ro<e!ts.........................................................................................02
Menu =ar......................................................................................0.
%ile Menu...................................................................................0.
6ie# Menu.................................................................................00
)ptions Menu............................................................................01
Wino# Menu...........................................................................07
>elp Menu.................................................................................07
0.2 (he S!hemati! Eitor Wino#.....................................................09
>o# +ou )/tain $etaile In&ormation A/out a Comman...........10
=u//le >elp An (ool (ips........................................................10
>elp %un!tion...........................................................................11
Comman *arameters..................................................................11
G-I$.........................................................................................12
(he A!tion (ool/ar.......................................................................12
'SE...........................................................................................12
SC-I*(......................................................................................1.
-'"..........................................................................................1.
WI"$)W..................................................................................1.
'"$)?-E$)............................................................................1.
Stop I!on...................................................................................10
Go I!on......................................................................................10
(he Comman (ool/ar o& (he S!hemati! Eitor..........................10
I"%).........................................................................................10
S>)W.......................................................................................10
$IS*LA+....................................................................................11
MA-@........................................................................................11
M)6E........................................................................................11
4
-a&le o# 1ontents
C)*+.........................................................................................11
MI--)-....................................................................................13
-)(A(E....................................................................................13
G-)'*......................................................................................13
C>A"GE...................................................................................13
*AS(E.......................................................................................13
$ELE(E.....................................................................................15
A$$..........................................................................................15
*I"SWA*..................................................................................15
GA(ESWA*...............................................................................15
-E*LACE...................................................................................15
"AME........................................................................................15
6AL'E.......................................................................................17
SMAS>......................................................................................17
MI(E-.......................................................................................17
S*LI(........................................................................................17
I"6)@E.....................................................................................17
WI-E.........................................................................................19
(E4(.........................................................................................19
CI-CLE......................................................................................19
A-C...........................................................................................19
-EC(.........................................................................................19
*)L+G)".................................................................................19
='S...........................................................................................30
"E(...........................................................................................30
;'"C(I)"................................................................................30
LA=EL.......................................................................................30
A((-I='(E...............................................................................30
$IME"SI)"..............................................................................31
E-C...........................................................................................31
Commans "ot A,aila/le in the Comman (ool/ar.....................31
ASSIG"......................................................................................31
CLASS........................................................................................31
CL)SE........................................................................................31
C'(............................................................................................31
E$I(...........................................................................................31
%-AME.......................................................................................32
E4*)-(.....................................................................................32
LA+E-........................................................................................32
ME"'........................................................................................32
)*E".........................................................................................32
*AC@AGE...................................................................................32
5
-a&le o# 1ontents
*-I"(........................................................................................32
A'I(..........................................................................................3.
-EM)6E....................................................................................3.
SE(............................................................................................3.
(EC>")L)G+...........................................................................3.
'*$A(E.....................................................................................3.
6A-IA"(....................................................................................3.
W-I(E........................................................................................30
Mouse @eys..................................................................................30
Sele!ting "eigh/ouring )/<e!ts.................................................30
0.. (he Layout Eitor Wino#...........................................................30
(he Commans on the Layout Comman (ool/ar.......................31
I"%).........................................................................................31
S>)W.......................................................................................31
$IS*LA+....................................................................................33
MA-@........................................................................................35
M)6E........................................................................................35
C)*+.........................................................................................35
MI--)-....................................................................................35
-)(A(E....................................................................................35
G-)'*......................................................................................37
C>A"GE...................................................................................37
*AS(E.......................................................................................37
$ELE(E.....................................................................................37
A$$..........................................................................................39
*I"SWA*..................................................................................39
-E*LACE...................................................................................39
L)C@.........................................................................................39
"AME........................................................................................39
6AL'E.......................................................................................50
SMAS>......................................................................................50
MI(E-.......................................................................................50
S*LI(........................................................................................50
)*(IMIBE.................................................................................50
MEA"$E-.................................................................................51
-)'(E......................................................................................51
-I*'*........................................................................................51
WI-E.........................................................................................51
(E4(.........................................................................................52
CI-CLE......................................................................................52
A-C...........................................................................................52
-EC(.........................................................................................5.
6
-a&le o# 1ontents
*)L+G)".................................................................................5.
6IA............................................................................................5.
SIG"AL.....................................................................................5.
>)LE........................................................................................5.
A((-I='(E...............................................................................5.
$IME"SI)"..............................................................................50
-A(S"ES(................................................................................50
A'()........................................................................................50
E-C...........................................................................................50
$-C...........................................................................................50
E--)-S....................................................................................51
0.0 (he Li/rary Eitor Wino#..........................................................51
Loa or -ename *a!8age: Sym/ol: or $e,i!e...............................53
E$I(..........................................................................................53
-EM)6E....................................................................................53
-E"AME....................................................................................55
(he *a!8age Eiting Moe...........................................................55
$esign "e# *a!8age..................................................................55
*A$...........................................................................................55
SM$..........................................................................................55
(he Sym/ol Eiting Moe............................................................57
$esign a "e# Sym/ol................................................................57
*I"............................................................................................57
(he $e,i!e Eiting moe..............................................................57
Create A!tual Components &rom Sym/ols an *a!8ages............59
A$$..........................................................................................70
"AME........................................................................................70
C>A"GE...................................................................................70
*AC@AGE...................................................................................70
C)""EC(..................................................................................70
*-E%I4.......................................................................................70
6AL'E........................................................................................70
(EC>")L)G+...........................................................................71
A((-I='(E...............................................................................71
$ESC-I*(I)"............................................................................71
0.1 (he CAM *ro!essor.......................................................................71
Generate $ata..............................................................................72
Starting the CAM *ro!essor........................................................72
Loa ;o/ %ile..............................................................................7.
Loa =oar.................................................................................7.
Set )utput *arameters...............................................................7.
7
-a&le o# 1ontents
Start )utput...............................................................................7.
$e&ine "e# ;o/..........................................................................7.
0.3 (he (e2t Eitor Wino#..............................................................7.
Chapter 5
rinciples !or "orkin# $ith EAGLE.............................................%5
1.1 Comman Input *ossi/ilities........................................................71
A!ti,ate Comman an Sele!t )/<e!t...........................................71
Comman Line.............................................................................71
>istory %un!tion...........................................................................73
(he Conte2t Menu........................................................................73
%un!tion @eys...............................................................................75
S!ript %iles....................................................................................77
Mi2e Input..................................................................................79
1.2 (he EAGLE Comman Language..................................................79
(ypographi!al Con,entions..........................................................79
Enter 8ey an Semi!olon............................................................79
=ol (ype or 'pper Case............................................................90
Lo#er Case.................................................................................90
'ners!ore.................................................................................90
Spa!es........................................................................................90
Alternati,e *arameters...............................................................90
-epetition *oints........................................................................91
Mouse Cli!8................................................................................91
Entering Coorinates as (e2t.......................................................91
-elati,e ,aluesC..........................................................................92
*olar ,aluesC..............................................................................92
-ight Mouse Cli!8C.....................................................................9.
Moi&ierC....................................................................................9.
1.. Gris an the Current 'nits..........................................................90
1.0 Aliases &or $IS*LA+: G-I$: an WI"$)W...................................91
E2ampleC $IS*LA+ Alias...............................................................91
E2ampleC G-I$ Alias....................................................................93
E2ampleC WI"$)W Alias.............................................................93
Eiting: -enaming: $eleting o& an Alias.......................................93
1.1 "ames an Automati! "aming.....................................................95
Length..........................................................................................95
%or/ien an Spe!ial Chara!ters................................................95
Automati! "aming.......................................................................95
1.3 Import an E2port o& $ata............................................................97
8
-a&le o# 1ontents
S!ript %iles an $ata Import.........................................................97
%ile E2port 'sing the E4*)-( Comman....................................99
$I-EC()-+...............................................................................99
"E(LIS(.....................................................................................99
"E(SC-I*(................................................................................99
*A-(LIS(...................................................................................99
*I"LIS(......................................................................................99
SC-I*(.......................................................................................99
IMAGE......................................................................................100
1.5 (he EAGLE 'ser Language.........................................................101
1.7 %or#arD=a!8 Annotation.........................................................102
1.9 Con&iguring EAGLE Ini,iually.................................................102
Con&iguration Commans...........................................................102
(he Menu )ptions?Set ESE( CommanF....................................10.
$isplay Certain Layers )nly.....................................................10.
Conte2t Menu Entries..............................................................10.
Contents o& (he *arameter Menus...........................................100
Con&irm Message $ialogs Automati!ally..................................101
Color Settings.............................................................................101
Mis!ellaneous SE( )ptions........................................................105
(he eagle.s!r %ile........................................................................109
(he eagler! %ile..........................................................................111
EAGLE *ro<e!t %ile......................................................................112
Chapter &
Fro' (che'atic to Finished )oard...........................................113
3.1 Creating the S!hemati! $iagram................................................11.
)pen the S!hemati! $iagram.....................................................11.
Set the Gri................................................................................110
*la!e Sym/ols.............................................................................110
Loa $ra#ing %rame................................................................110
*la!e Cir!uit Sym/ols EGatesF..................................................113
>ien Supply Gates................................................................113
$e,i!es #ith Se,eral Gates......................................................115
$esignlin8 G A!!ess to %arnellHs )nline *rou!t $ata/ase........117
Wiring the S!hemati! $iagram...................................................119
$ra# "ets E"E(F.....................................................................119
$e&ining Cross9-e&eren!es &or "ets..........................................119
Cross9-e&eren!es &or Conta!ts..................................................121
Spe!i&ying "et Classes..............................................................122
$ra#ing a /us E='SF...............................................................12.
9
-a&le o# 1ontents
*ins#ap an Gates#ap...............................................................120
*o#er Supply.............................................................................120
$e&ine Attri/utes........................................................................121
Glo/al Attri/utes......................................................................121
Attri/utes &or Elements............................................................123
E-C G Che!8 an Corre!t S!hemati!...........................................127
)rganiIe S!hemati! Sheets........................................................1.0
*oints to "ote &or the S!hemati! Eitor......................................1.1
Superimpose *ins...................................................................1.1
)pen *ins #hen M)6Eing.......................................................1.1
$upli!ating a Se!tion o& the S!hemati!......................................1.1
With Consistent Layout............................................................1.1
Merge $i&&erent S!hemati! %iles.................................................1.2
With Consistent Layout............................................................1..
Multi9Channel $e,i!es.............................................................1..
3.2 Consierations *rior to Creating a =oar...................................1..
Che!8ing the Component Li/raries.............................................1..
Agreement #ith the =oar Manu&a!turer...................................1.0
Spe!i&ying the $esign -ules.......................................................1.0
General *rin!iples....................................................................1.1
Layers.......................................................................................1.3
Minimum Clearan!e an $istan!e............................................1.5
SiIes.........................................................................................1.5
-estring E*a an 6ia $iameterF.............................................1.7
Shapes......................................................................................101
Supply......................................................................................102
Mas8s.......................................................................................10.
Mis!..........................................................................................100
3.. Create =oar...............................................................................101
Without the S!hemati! Eitor.....................................................101
Spe!i&y the =oar )utline...........................................................103
Arrange Components..................................................................105
Attri/utes &or Components an Glo/al Attri/utes.......................109
=oars #ith Components on =oth Sies.....................................109
E2!hanging *a!8ages..................................................................110
*AC@AGE Comman................................................................110
-E*LACE !omman.................................................................111
10
-a&le o# 1ontents
Changing the (e!hnology...........................................................111
$e&ine %or/ien Areas..............................................................112
-outing G *la!ing (ra!8s Manually............................................112
=GA Es!ape -outing...................................................................110
$e&ining a Copper *lane #ith *)L+G)"...................................111
3.0 $-C G Che!8ing the Layout an Corre!ting Errors.....................115
(he $-C Errors Wino#............................................................117
Error Messages an their Meaning.............................................130
3.1 Multilayer =oars.......................................................................13.
Inner Layer.................................................................................13.
Supply Layers #ith *olygons an More than )ne Signal.........13.
-esti!te Areas %or *olygons...................................................130
Supply Layers an Autorouter..................................................130
Multilayer =oars #ith (hrough 6ias.........................................130
Layer Setup..............................................................................130
Multilayer #ith =lin an =urie 6ias........................................131
$isam/iguation........................................................................131
$isplaying 6ias.........................................................................133
Layer Setup..............................................................................133
>ints %or Wor8ing With =lin: =urie: an Mi!ro 6ias............151
Mi!ro 6ia J A Spe!ial Case o& =lin 6ia.....................................152
3.3 'pating Components ELi/rary 'pateF....................................152
3.5 $i&&erential *airs An Meaners.................................................150
-outing $i&&erential *airs...........................................................150
Meaners....................................................................................151
Length =alan!e &or a $i&&erential *air......................................151
Spe!i&ying a Certain Length.....................................................153
Symmetri! an Asymmetri! Meaners.....................................153
Length (oleran!e $isplay ........................................................153
Measuring signal lengths..........................................................155
3.7 Assem/ly 6ariants.......................................................................155
3.9 *rint )ut S!hemati! an Layout.................................................159
Settings o& the *rint $ialog........................................................170
3.10 Com/ining Small Cir!uit =oars on a Common *anel.............172
3.11 Consisten!y Lost /et#een S!hemati! an Layout ....................17.
Chapter *
+he Autorouter..........................................................................1%*
5.1 =asi! %eatures.............................................................................175
5.2 What Can /e E2pe!te &rom the Autorouter..............................175
5.. Controlling the Autorouter.........................................................177
11
-a&le o# 1ontents
=us -outer..................................................................................177
-outing *ass...............................................................................179
)ptimiIation..............................................................................179
5.0 What >as to /e $e&ine =e&ore Autorouting..............................179
$esign -ules...............................................................................179
(ra!8 With an "et Classes......................................................179
Gri............................................................................................190
*la!ement Gri........................................................................190
-outing Gri............................................................................190
Memory -eKuirement.................................................................191
Layer..........................................................................................192
*re&erre $ire!tions...................................................................192
-estri!te Areas &or the Autorouter............................................19.
Cost %a!tors an )ther Control *arameters...............................19.
5.1 (he Autorouter Menu.................................................................190
5.3 >o# the Cost %a!tors In&luen!e the -outing *ro!ess.................193
Layer Costs.................................................................................195
!&=ase.22C 0..20........................................................................195
Costs...........................................................................................195
!&6iaC 0..99...............................................................................195
!&"on*re&C 0..10.......................................................................195
!&Change$irC 0..21...................................................................197
!&)rthStep: !&$iagStep.............................................................197
!&E2tStepC 0...0......................................................................197
!&=onusStep: !&MalusStepC 1...................................................197
!&*aImpa!t: !&SmImpa!tC 0..10.............................................197
!&=usImpa!tC 0..10...................................................................199
!&>uggingC 0..1........................................................................199
!&A,oi 0..10............................................................................199
!&*olygon 0...0........................................................................199
Ma2imum...................................................................................199
mn6ia 0...0.............................................................................199
mnSegments 0..9999...............................................................199
mnE2tSteps 0..9999...............................................................199
5.5 "um/er o& -ipup?-etry Attempts..............................................200
5.7 -outing Multi9Layer =oars #ith *olygons................................200
5.9 =a!8up an Interruption o& -outing...........................................201
5.10 In&ormation &or the 'ser...........................................................201
Status $isplay.............................................................................201
Log &ile.......................................................................................202
5.11 *arameters o& a Control %ile.....................................................20.
12
-a&le o# 1ontents
5.12 *ra!ti!al >ints...........................................................................200
General.......................................................................................200
Single9Sie =oars...................................................................200
SM$ =oars With Supply Layers................................................200
What !an /e one i& not all signals are route?..........................201
5.1. (he %ollo#9me -outer..............................................................201
*artial an %ull Moe.................................................................201
Con&iguration.............................................................................203
-outing *arameters....................................................................205
"otes..........................................................................................207
Chapter %
Co'ponent ,esi#n E-plained throu#h E-a'ples.....................2.9
7.1 $e&inition o& a Simple -esistor...................................................209
-esistor *a!8age.........................................................................210
$e&ine a "e# *a!8age..............................................................210
Set the Gri..............................................................................210
Soler *as..............................................................................210
*a "ame.................................................................................211
Sil8s!reen an $o!umentation *rint........................................211
La/eling...................................................................................212
-estri!te area &or !omponents................................................21.
$es!ription...............................................................................21.
"ote.........................................................................................21.
-esistor Sym/ol..........................................................................21.
$e&ine a "e# Sym/ol...............................................................21.
Set the Gri..............................................................................210
*la!e the *ins...........................................................................210
*in "ames................................................................................213
S!hemati! Sym/ol....................................................................213
$es!ription...............................................................................213
-esistor $e,i!e...........................................................................215
$e&ine a "e# $e,i!e................................................................215
Sele!ting: "aming an Con&iguring Sym/ols...........................215
Sele!ting the *a!8age...............................................................217
Conne!tions =et#een *ins an *as........................................217
$e&ine *re&i2............................................................................219
6alue........................................................................................219
$es!ription...............................................................................220
Sa,e.........................................................................................220
13
-a&le o# 1ontents
Li/rary $es!ription.....................................................................221
'se Li/rary.................................................................................221
7.2 $e&ining a Comple2 $e,i!e.........................................................221
Creating a "e# Li/rary..............................................................22.
$ra#ing the *in9Leae *a!8age...............................................22.
Set the Gri..............................................................................220
*la!e *as................................................................................220
*a "ame.................................................................................221
$ra# the Sil8 S!reen Sym/ol...................................................221
*a!8age "ame an *a!8age 6alue...........................................221
Areas %or/ien to Components..............................................223
$es!ription...............................................................................223
Sa,e.........................................................................................225
$e&ining the SM$ *a!8age.........................................................225
Set the Gri..............................................................................227
*la!ing SM$ Soler *as.........................................................229
SM$ "ames.............................................................................2.0
$ra# the Sil8 S!reen................................................................2.1
*a!8age "ame an *a!8age 6alue...........................................2.1
Area %or/ien to Components................................................2.2
Lo!ating *oint E)riginF............................................................2.2
$es!ription...............................................................................2.2
Sa,e.........................................................................................2.2
$e&ining the Logi! Sym/ol &or the S!hemati! $iagram...............2..
Che!8 the Gri.........................................................................2.0
*la!e the *ins...........................................................................2.0
*in "ame.................................................................................2.1
$ra# the Sym/ol......................................................................2.1
*la!eholers &or "AME an 6AL'E..........................................2.1
$es!ription...............................................................................2.1
Sa,e.........................................................................................2.1
$e&ining a *o#er Supply Sym/ol...............................................2.3
Che!8 the Gri.........................................................................2.3
*la!e the *ins...........................................................................2.3
*in "ame.................................................................................2.5
*la!eholers &or "AME an 6AL'E..........................................2.5
Asso!iating the *a!8ages an Sym/ols to %orm a $e,i!e Set.....2.5
Sele!t Sym/ols.........................................................................2.7
"aming the Gates.....................................................................2.7
Spe!i&y Ale,el an S#aple,el...............................................2.9
Choosing the *a!8age 6ariants................................................2.9
(he Conne!t Comman............................................................200
14
-a&le o# 1ontents
$e&ining (e!hnologies..............................................................202
Spe!i&ying the *re&i2................................................................202
6alue........................................................................................202
$es!ription...............................................................................20.
Sa,e.........................................................................................20.
7.. Supply 6oltages..........................................................................200
Component *o#er Supply *ins...................................................200
In,isi/le Supply *ins................................................................200
*ins #ith the Same "ames.........................................................201
7.0 )ne *in G Multiple *as Conne!tions.........................................203
7.1 Supply Sym/ols..........................................................................205
7.3 Attri/utes....................................................................................207
$e&ine Attri/utes........................................................................207
$isplay Attri/utes.......................................................................211
*la!eholers in Sym/ol an *a!8age.......................................211
7.5 La/eling o& S!hemati! Sym/ols..................................................212
7.7 More a/out the Ale,el *arameter...........................................212
Summary....................................................................................212
-elayC Coil an %irst Conta!t must /e *la!e.............................21.
Conne!torC Some Conne!tion *ins !an /e )mitte....................21.
Conne!tor #ith %i2ing >ole an -estri!te Area........................210
7.9 $e&ining Components #ith Conta!t Cross9-e&eren!es................211
$e&ine Sym/ol............................................................................211
$e&ine $e,i!e.............................................................................213
$e&ine *a!8age...........................................................................213
7.10 $ra#ing %rames.......................................................................215
7.11 Components on the Soler Sie...............................................217
7.12 Components #ith )/long >oles...............................................219
7.1. Ar/itrary *a Shapes................................................................219
7.10 Creating "e# *a!8age 6ariants................................................230
*a!8age &rom Another Li/rary....................................................230
$e&ining the *a!8age 6ariant...................................................231
Conne!t Comman...................................................................232
$e&ining (e!hnologies..............................................................232
Sa,e.........................................................................................23.
'sing a Moi&ie *a!8age &rom Another Li/rary........................23.
Copying the *a!8age................................................................23.
$e&ining the 6ariant.................................................................230
7.11 $e&ining *a!8ages in Any -otation...........................................230
15
-a&le o# 1ontents
-otating a *a!8age as a Whole...................................................230
*a!8ages #ith -aial *a Arrangement.....................................231
7.13 Li/rary an *art Management..................................................231
Copying o& Li/rary Elements......................................................231
Within a Li/rary.......................................................................231
%rom )ne Li/rary into Another................................................233
Composition o& +our o#n Li/raries..........................................237
-emo,ing an -enaming Li/rary Elements................................239
'pate *a!8ages in Li/raries......................................................239
Chapter 9
reparin# Manu!acturin# ,ata..................................................2*1
9.1 Whi!h $ata o #e "ee &or =oar Manu&a!ture?......................251
Ger/er *lot $ata.........................................................................252
GE-=E-L-S2504.....................................................................252
GE-=E-A'() an GE-=E-....................................................25.
$rill $ata....................................................................................25.
E4CELL)"...............................................................................25.
E4CELL)"L-AC@....................................................................25.
SM1000 an SM.000..............................................................250
%urther $rill $ata $e,i!es........................................................250
*rototype Manu&a!ture With a Milling Ma!hine.........................250
outlines.ulp..............................................................................250
mill9outlines.ulp.......................................................................250
%ilm Generation 'sing *ostS!ript %iles.......................................250
*rinting on a %ilm.......................................................................251
$ata &or *i!89an9pla!e Ma!hines an In9!ir!uit (esters............251
$o!umentation...........................................................................253
*arts List..................................................................................253
$rill *lan..................................................................................255
$rill Legen.............................................................................257
Assem/ly 6ariants......................................................................259
9.2 -ules that Sa,e (ime an Money...............................................259
9.. Aui!8 Guie &or $ata )utput......................................................270
;o/ ger/2502.!am......................................................................270
;o/ e2!ellon.!am........................................................................271
;o/ ger/er.!am...........................................................................27.
9.0 Whi!h %iles o I "ee &or my =oar?.........................................270
%iles List.....................................................................................270
*la!eholers &or )utput %ile "ame Generation........................273
>ints Con!erning %ile E2tensionsC............................................275
9.1 *e!uliarities o& Multilayer =oars...............................................275
16
-a&le o# 1ontents
Inner Layers...............................................................................275
$rill $ata &or Multilayer =oars With =lin an =urie 6ias......275
9.3 Set )utput *arameters...............................................................277
9.5 Automating the )utput #ith CAM *ro!essor ;o/s.....................291
$e&ining a "e# CAM ;o/...........................................................291
E2tening ger/er.!am ;o/ &or Multilayer =oars........................292
Error MessageC Apertures Missing..............................................29.
Ger/er In&o %iles.........................................................................29.
$rill $ata Generation #ith Separate -a!8 %ile...........................290
$e&ine a $rill Con&iguration E-a!8F %ile...................................290
$e&ine ;o/ &or $rill $ata )utput..............................................290
$rill In&o %ile............................................................................291
9.7 $e,i!e $ri,er $e&inition in eagle.e&..........................................291
Creating +our )#n $e,i!e $ri,er..............................................291
E2ample 1C Ger/erEautoF e,i!e: Millimetre...........................293
E2ample 2C E4CELL)" $e,i!e: )utput #ith Leaing Beros.....293
'nits in the Aperture an $rill (a/le.........................................295
9.9 Ger/er %iles &or *hotoplotters #ith %i2e Aperture Wheels.......295
$e&ining the Aperture (a/le EWheelF.........................................297
Aperture Emulation....................................................................299
Chapter 1.
Appendi-................................................................................... 3.1
10.1 Layers an their 'sage..............................................................01
In Layout an *a!8age Eitor......................................................01
In S!hemati!: Sym/ol: an $e,i!e Eitor....................................02
10.2 EAGLE %iles...............................................................................02
10.. EAGLE )ptions at a Glan!e.......................................................0.
10.0 Con&iguration o& the (e2t Menu................................................05
10.1 (e2t 6aria/les............................................................................07
10.3 )ptions &or E2perts in eagler!...................................................07
Change Component 6alue Warning .........................................09
Consisten!y Che!8.....................................................................09
$elete Wire ;oints.....................................................................09
$e,i!e "ame as 6alue &or all Components................................09
$isa/le Ctrl &or -aius Moe....................................................09
Group Sele!tion........................................................................09
Loa Mat!hing %ile Automati!ally.............................................10
"ame o& "et: =usses: Signals an *olygons..............................10
)pen *ro<e!t.............................................................................10
*anning $ra#ing Wino#........................................................10
17
-a&le o# 1ontents
*olygon Eges as Continuous Lines..........................................10
-eposition o& the Mouse Cursor................................................11
'nits in $ialogs.........................................................................11
10.5 Error Messages..........................................................................11
When Loaing a %ile....................................................................11
-estring smaller than in oler ,ersion......................................11
Li/rary o/<e!ts #ith the same names........................................11
*a: 6ia -epla!e #ith a >ole..................................................12
S8ippe unsuita/le o/<e!ts........................................................1.
CanHt 'pate %ile.......................................................................1.
In a Li/rary..................................................................................10
*a!8age?Sym/ol is in use..........................................................10
In the CAM *ro!essor..................................................................11
*olygon may !ause e2tremely large plot ata...........................11
In the Light: %reemium or Stanar Eition................................11
CanHt per&orm the reKueste a!tion...........................................11
10.7 EAGLE Li!ense Agreement.........................................................11
Inde-......................................................................................... 323
18
Chapter 1
(ntroduction
(his manual es!ri/es the use o& the EAGLE so&t#are an its /asi! prin!iples.
(he orer o& !hapters &ollo#s the typi!al pro!ess &rom ra#ing a s!hemati! to
a reay9to9use layout.
1.1 )hat is in this *anual+
A !hapterHs main heaing is intene to tell you /rie&ly #hat the !ontents o&
that !hapter are. >ere in the &irst !hapter #e #ant to gi,e a Kui!8 o,er,ie#
#hat you !an e2pe!t &rom this manual.
Chapter 1 Introduction
Contains a pre,ie# o& the manual an in&orms you a/out the most
important !hanges !ompare to the pre,ious ,ersion.
Chapter 2 Installation
$eals #ith the programHs installation.
Chapter 3 EAGLE Modules and Editions
E2plains the ,arious program ,ariants.
Chapter 4 A First Look at EAGLE
Gi,es a pre,ie# o& the programHs stru!ture an es!ri/es the
eitor #ino#s an their !ommans.
Chapter 5 rinciples !or "orkin# $ith EAGLE
E2amines the /asi! #ays o& using an !on&iguring EAGLE.
Chapter & Fro' (che'atic to Finished La/out
%ollo#s the route &rom s!hemati! to layout.
Chapter * +he Autorouter
$ei!ate to the Autorouter moule an its !on&iguration.
Chapter % Co'ponent ,esi#n E-plained throu#h E-a'ples
E2plains the e&inition o& li/rary !omponents through e2amples an
in&orms a/out li/rary an !omponent management.
Chapter 9 reparin# the Manu!acturin# ,ata
E,erything you nee to 8no# a/out generating manu&a!turing ata.
19
1 <ntro"u!tion
Chapter 1. 0 Appendi-
Lists use&ul aitional in&ormation an e2plains some error messages
EAGLE prompts in !ertain situations.
%or a Kui!8: hans9on introu!tion: re&er to the EAGLE (utorial. *lease rea
the tutorial &or a /etter unerstaning /e&ore #or8ing #ith the manual.
1.2 (mportant Chan,es
Any/oy #ho has alreay /een #or8ing #ith a prior ,ersion o& EAGLE is
a,ise to rea the &ile UPDATE uner Linu2 an Ma! or UPDATE.TXT uner
Wino#s. It !ontains a es!ription o& all the i&&eren!es &rom earlier ,ersions.
(his &ile is lo!ate in the eagle/doc ire!tory. *lease rea it /e&ore you start
#or8ing #ith the ne# EAGLE.
In&ormation that #as not a,aila/le or that has /een !hange sin!e &inishing
this manual is also es!ri/e in UPDATE or UPDATE.TXT: or: i& e2isting: in a
README &ile.
$etaile in&ormation: espe!ially a/out the EAGLE !omman language an the
EAGLE 'ser Language: is a,aila/le on the help pages. +ou !an rea!h a /asi!
unerstaning ,ery Kui!8ly /y using this manual: an you !an use the
!on,enient sear!h &eatures o& the help &un!tion to Kui!8ly lo!ate the ans#ers
to parti!ular Kuestions.
(he most important !hanges !ompare to the pre,ious EAGLE ,ersion 1 are
mentione in the !hapter.
-&./- Suppl0 /a0ers deprecated
Supply layers Ei.e. layers #ith names that start #ith a HMHF are no longer
treate spe!ial. Layers &or supply signals no# nee to /e realiIe using signal
polygons.
When a /oar ra#ing &rom an oler ,ersion o& EAGLE is loae: any supply
layers !ontaine #ill /e rename /y mo,ing the HMH to the en o& the name.
(his ma8es sure automate s!ripts that treat a supply layer as negati,e onHt
ma8e a mista8e: #hile still ini!ating that layer as ha,ing /een a supply
layer. (he &un!tionality o& the supply layer is repla!e /y a signal polygon
#ith the proper name: using the minimum #ire #ith &rom the net !lass o&
that signal. (he polygon is ra#n into the &ormer supply layer as a
re!tangular shape: !o,ering the area e&ine /y any #ires in the $imension
layer: /y pas or /y ,ias. (he Autorouter setup is moi&ie in su!h a #ay that
the layer !ontaining the generate polygon is a!ti,ate E#ith pre&erre
ire!tion HNHF: an the !osts &or that layer set to 99 in all passes.
Very important:
After updating a board with supply layers from an older version, mae
20
1$2 <mportant 1han0es
sure you run the RA!"#E"! command to verify whether all pads are still
connected to the respective signal$
1ew (nternal 2ata #ormat
EAGLE &iles that are alreay sa,e #ith EAGLE ,ersion 3 !anHt /e use in
pre,ious EAGLE ,ersions. (he internal ata &ormat is /ase on 4ML. (he ata
stru!ture is o!umente in the eagle$dtd #hi!h !an /e &oun in the doc &oler
o& your EAGLE installation.
1ew Characteristics of C%' and C3P4
In oler ,ersions o& EAGLE the C)*+ !omman #as use solely to !opy
o/<e!ts #ithin a ra#ing: as oppose to the Wino#s /eha,ior: #here C)*+
pla!es a !opy o& the sele!te o/<e!ts Ei.e. the G-)'*F into the systemHs
!lip/oar. As o& ,ersion 3: EAGLEHs C)*+ !omman primarily /eha,es the
same #ay as in other Wino#s appli!ations: /y putting a !opy o& the !urrent
group into the !lip/oar. (he original &un!tionality o& !opying sele!te
o/<e!ts: or !opying li/rary o/<e!ts /et#een li/raries: is still &ully a,aila/le:
#hi!h is espe!ially important to 8eep e2isting s!ripts an 'L*s #or8ing.
What has also o&ten irritate Wino#s users is that in EAGLE the C'(
!omman has only !opie the !urrent group to the !lip/oar: /ut i not
a!tually elete the group &rom the ra#ing. Sin!e a C'( !omman that
eletes the group #oul not /e o& mu!h use in a /oar?s!hemati! pair that is
!onne!te ,ia %or#ar9D=a!8 annotation: the C'( !omman has /een
remo,e &rom the main pullo#n menu an the !omman /utton tool/ar. It
is still &ully a,aila/le &rom the !omman line or #ithin s!ripts. (he !omman
SET Cmd.Copy.ClassicEagleMode 1
restores the ol /eha,ior o& /oth the C)*+ an the C'( !omman. "ote that
this setting only ta8es e&&e!t the ne2t time you open an eitor #ino#.
Pol0,ons
*olygons ha,e a ne# &ill style name cutout$ It !an /e use to e&ine polygons
that get su/tra!te &rom all other signal polygons #ithin the same layer. So it
is possi/le to !reate restri!te areas: e,en in inner layers.
*olygons ra#n in pa!8ages no longer support the ran parameter. (his
!hange is ue to the possi/ility to ra# ar/itrary pa shapes.
&pproved -rrors in 25C and -5C
When you loa a &ile !reate #ith a pre,ious EAGLE ,ersion an you run the
E-C?$-C: alreay appro,e errors #ill sho# up again an you may ha,e to
appro,e them again. (his is ue to the in!rease internal resolution o&
!oorinates in EAGLE 3. In orer to appro,e all this errors again: sele!t the
superior Errors entry in the list an !li!8 onto the no# a,aila/le Approve all
/utton. It is possi/le to Appro,e all these errors #ith one mouse !li!8. Cli!8
21
1 <ntro"u!tion
onto the Errors entry in the Errors list an the Approve /utton #ill /e
!hange to Approve all$$.
1ew Commands
$IME"SI)" $imensioning tool
MEA"$E- Create meaners &or length a<ustment o& tra!es
in the layout
1.$ .eneral Comments &out -&./-
Component /iraries
(he !omponent li/raries supplie #ith EAGLE ha,e /een !ompile #ith great
!are as an aitional ser,i!e to you: our !ustomer. >o#e,er: the large
num/er o& a,aila/le !omponents an suppliers o& these !omponents means
that the o!!asional is!repan!y is una,oia/le. *lease note: there&ore: that
CaSo&t ta8es no responsi/ility &or the !omplete a!!ura!y o& in&ormation
in!lue in li/rary &iles.
*lease note that li/raries are not ne!essarily ienti!al to &ormer li/raries #ith
the same name. (here&ore: it is a,isa/le to /a!8 up your ol li/raries /e&ore
installing the ne# ones.
Aitional ne# li/raries: that ha,e not yet /een o&&i!ially release: !an /e
&oun on CaSo&tHs internet site in the o#nloa se!tion o&
###.!aso&tusa.!om.
1.6 'echnical 'erms
In this manual: in the help &un!tion: an in EAGLE itsel& #e &reKuently use
some te!hni!al terms that shoul /e e2plaine here in a &e# #ors.
Air$ire1
'nroute !onne!tion on a /oar: isplaye in the unroute layer EO ru//er
/anF.
)lind 2iaC
A plate9through hole &or !hanging the layer o& a tra!8 #hi!h has not /een
rille through all layers in the prou!tion pro!ess o& a multilayer /oar.
)uried 2ia1
A plate9trough hole: #hi!h has /een rille through the !urrent layer sta!8
in the prou!tion pro!ess li8e a normal EthroughF ,ia: /ut oes not !onne!t
all layers o& the #hole /oar.
Core1
(#o !opper layers applie to a soli su/strate.
,esi#n 3ule Check 4,3C51
EAGLE !an ienti&y the ,iolation o& !ertain $esign -ules Ee.g. i& t#o i&&erent
tra!8s o,erlap or are too !loseF #ith the $-C.
22
1$4 -e!hni!al -erms
,e6ice1
A &ully e&ine element in a li/rary. Consists o& at least one *a!8age an one
Sym/ol.
,e6ice (etC
Consists o& $e,i!es that use the same Sym/ols &or the S!hemati! /ut ha,e
i&&erent *a!8age ,ariants or te!hnologies.
,rillC
*late9through rilling in the layout Ein pas an ,iasF
Electrical 3ule Check 4E3C51
EAGLE !an ienti&y the ,iolation o& !ertain ele!tri!al rules Ee.g. i& t#o outputs
are !onne!teF #ith the E-C. It also !he!8s the !onsisten!y o& the s!hemati!
an the layout.
Follo$7'e 3outer1
(he manual -)'(E !omman o&&ers an operating moe that !al!ulates an
isplays the !onne!tion o& a sele!te signal automati!ally. (he !urrent
position o& the mouse !ursor etermines the tra!e o& the !onne!tion. )nly
a,aila/le #ith the Autorouter moule.
For$ard8)ack Annotation1
(rans&orms all the a!tions one ma8es in a s!hemati! online into the layout
Ean #ith limitations &rom layout into s!hemati!F. =oth &iles are !onsistent all
the time.
GateC
(he term %ate is use in this manual &or a part o& a !omponent #hi!h !an /e
ini,iually pla!e on a s!hemati!. (his !an /e one Gate o& a ((L
!omponent: one !onta!t pair in a relay: or an ini,iual resistor &rom a
resistor array.
9ole1
"on plate9through rilling in the layout Ee.g. a mounting holeF.
La/er (tack1
Current num/er an orer o& !opper an isolation layers #hi!h are use to
/uil up a printe !ir!uit /oar.
Micro 6ia1
A plate9through hole Eli8e =lin ,iaF #ith a relati,ely small rill iameter
#hi!h !onne!ts an outer layer #ith the ne2t rea!ha/le inner layer.
:et1
Ele!tri!al !onne!tion in a s!hemati!.
acka#e1
Component &ootprint store in a li/rary.
ad1
(hrough9hole pa asso!iate #ith a *a!8age.
in1
Conne!tion point on a S!hemati! Sym/ol.
23
1 <ntro"u!tion
repre#1
'se in a !ompoun o& inner an outer layers &or multilayer /oars.
3ack1
Con&iguration ta/le &or a rilling ma!hine. "eee &or generating rill ata.
3atsnest1
Comman &or !al!ulating the shortest air#ires an &or hiing or isplaying
!ertain air#ires &or a /etter o,er,ie#.
3estrin#1
*ronun!iationC rest&ring$ Setting that etermines the #ith o& the !opper ring
aroun a plate9through hole o& a pa or ,ia.
(i#nal1
Ele!tri!al !onne!tion in a /oar.
(uppl/ (/';ol1
-epresents a supply signal in the s!hemati!. Causes the E-C to run spe!ial
!he!8s.
(/';ol1
S!hemati! representation o& a !omponent: store in a Li/rary.
<ser Lan#ua#e1
%reely programma/le: C9li8e language &or ata import an e2port.
2ia1
*late9through hole &or !hanging the layer o& a tra!8. See also Mi!ro ,ia:
=lin ,ia: an =urie ,ia.
"heel1
Aperture !on&iguration &ile. Generate #ith Ger/er ata &or /oar
manu&a!turing.
"ire1
Ele!tri!al !onne!tion in a /oar: or a line Esin!e lines are ra#n #ith the
WI-E !ommanF.
24
Chapter 2
(nstallation
2.1 )hat 4ou 1eed
%or installing EAGLE you nee to ha,e an EAGLE installation &ile: your
personal installation !oe: an the appropriate li!ense &ile.
I& you ha,e as8e &or an upgrae &or an e2isting !urrent installation or &or an
e2tension o& your li!ense: you onHt ha,e to install EAGLE ane#. +our ne#
installation !oe an its appropriate li!ense &ile #ill upate your e2isting
li!ense.
I& you inten to install the EAGLE %ree#are: the EAGLE installation &ile is all
you nee.
'eep the your personal installation code in a safe place, inaccessible to
unauthori(ed persons) #ever give the license file or installation code to
others) #ever send your installation code by e&mail to *ad"oft or to
anyone else$
2.2 1ew (nstallations
)n the CaSo&t #e/site you #ill al#ays &in the ne#est installation &iles.
@eep reay your personal li!ense ata: !onsisting o& your li!ense &ile
+serialnumber+$ey an the installation !oe.
(he installation routine etermines epening on the operating systemsH
language use #hether EAGLE #ill /e installe in English or in German
language.
Any re!ent in&ormation a/out installation may /e &oun in the README &iles.
)indows
EAGLE &or Wino#s is a,aila/le as a sel&9e2tra!ting ar!hi,e: #hi!h is name:
&or e2ample: eagle&win&,$-$-$e.e. $ou/le9!li!8 this &ile an the /in0ip "elf&
E.tractor window #ill appear. (he installation routine starts #ith e2tra!ting
the &iles &rom the ar!hi,e. Cli!8 the "etup /utton to /egin.
(he ,ersion num/er in the &ile name may: epening on the !urrent ,ersion:
i&&er.
"o# the a!tual installation starts. %ollo# the instru!tions step /y step.
25
2 <nstallation
At the en o& this pro!ess you #ill /e as8e ho# you #ant to li!ense EAGLEC
1se 2icense file
(his implies that you ha,e alreay /ought an EAGLE li!ense. In this !ase
the &ollo#ing ialog as8s you &or the path to your li!ense &ile
+serialnumber+$ey an &or your personal installation !oe #hi!h you ha,e
got &rom CaSo&t.
1se 3reemium *ode
I& you registere at http://www$element&45$com/eagle&freemium an got a
%reemium !oe: use this option.
Run as 3reeware
EAGLE #ill /e li!ense #ith the limits o& the Light Eition. ItHs possi/le to
upgrae to a pur!hase li!ense #ithout reinstallation at any time.
Don6t license now
postpones the li!ensing on the &irst EAGLE start.
(he Wino#s Start menu no# !ontains in the 7rograms se!tion the ne#
entry EA%2E 2ayout Editor ,$-$-. (utorial an manual in p& &ile &ormat are
also part o& the installation.
'ninstalling EAGLE !an /e one /y usual means o& your operating system
using Wino#s uninstall tools.
/inu7
EAGLE &or Linu2 is a,aila/le as sel&9e2tra!ting shell s!ript #ith set9up ialog.
+ou may install the program as Root/Administrator or as a normal 1ser.
Initiate the installation pro!ess in a &ile manager #ith a ou/le9!li!8 on the
shell s!ript &ile eagle&lin&,$-$-$run$
*lease !he!8: #hether the &ile is mar8e as e.ecutable /e&ore. I& this is not the
!ase: you !oul: &or e2ample: use the chmod !omman in the !onsole to
!hange its attri/utes.
+ou !an start the shell s!ript &orm the !onsole: as #ell: /y typingC
/path_to_file/eagle-lin-6.0.0.run
(he ,ersion num/er in the &ile name may i&&er: epening on the !urrently
a,aila/le EAGLE ,ersion.
(he installation routine starts #ith e2tra!ting the &iles &rom the ar!hi,e. (hen
the a!tual installation pro!ess starts. %ollo# the instru!tions step /y step.
At the en you #ill /e as8e ho# you #ant to li!ense EAGLEC
1se 2icense file
the &ollo#ing ialog as8s you &or the path to your li!ense &ile
+serialnumber+$ey an &or your personal installation !oe #hi!h you ha,e
got &rom CaSo&t.
26
2$2 9e( <nstallations
1se 3reemium *ode
Run as 3reeware
Don6t license now
postpones the li!ensing on the &irst EAGLE start.
(o start EAGLE: e2e!ute bin/eagle in the installation ire!tory.
(utorial an manual in p& &ile &ormat are also part o& the installation. (hey
!an /e &oun in the doc ire!tory o& the EAGLE installation.
$elete the entire EAGLE ire!tory: i& you #ant to uninstall EAGLE.
*ac 3S 8
In orer to start the installation pro!ess ou/le9!li!8 onto the i!on that
represents the EAGLE ar!hi,e #hi!h is name: &or e2ample: eagle&mac&
,$-$-$(ip$ (he ar!hi,e #ill /e e2tra!te automati!ally. A ne# &oler i!on
name eagle&mac&,$-$-$pg #ill appear on the $es8top no#. Cli!8 it #ith the
mouse an the installation pro!ess starts.
(he ,ersion num/er in the &ile name may i&&er: epening on the !urrent
EAGLE ,ersion.
%ollo# the instru!tions step /y step.
Con&irm the EAGLE So&t#are Li!ense Agreement /y !li!8ing *ontinue: i& you
agree #ith it. I& not: you !an a/ort the installation /y !li!8ing the %o bac
/utton.
(he ne2t step sets up the EAGLE estination &oler an possi/ly a estination
,olume. =y !li!8ing *ontinue you a!!ept the suggeste ire!tory. Cli!8 the
*hoose /utton an you may sele!t any other lo!ation &or the EAGLE &oler.
A&ter !on&irming the installation path the &iles are !opie into the EAGLE
&oler.
A&ter &inishing the installation you are a/le to start EAGLE /y !li!8ing the
EA%2E i!on in the 3inder6s Applications/EA%2E entry.
While starting EAGLE &or the &irst time: you #ill /e as8e ho# to li!ense
EAGLEC
1se 2icense file
the &ollo#ing ialog as8s &or the path to your personal li!ense &ile
8serialnumber9$ey an &or your personal installation !oe you ha,e got
&rom CaSo&t.
27
2 <nstallation
1se 3reemium *ode
Run as 3reeware
(utorial an manual in p& &ile &ormat are part o& the installation an are
lo!ate in the doc &oler o& the EAGLE installation.
In !ase you #ant to uninstall EAGLE &rom your !omputer: simply elete the
EA%2E entry in the the 3inderHs Applications &oler.
2.$ %pdatin, an 3lder 9ersion
%or reasons o& sa&ety it is goo pra!ti!e to !reate a /a!8up o& your pre,ious
ata /e&ore pro!eeingP
*lease rea the &ile update$t.t in the EA%2E/doc ire!tory: in orer to
&amiliariIe yoursel& #ith the !hanges in the ne# ,ersion o& the program.
Aitional notes on installing an upate may /e &oun in the latest README
&iles.
+ou shoul &ollo# the same pro!eure es!ri/e in the se!tion on #ew
:nstallations on page 21. (he ne# EAGLE release #ill /e installe into a ne#
&oler #ith its su/9&olers &or Li/raries: S!ript &iles: 'ser Language *rograms
an so on.
A&ter starting EAGLE &or the &irst time: please !he!8 the path settings in the
Control *anelHs ;ptions/Directories$$ menu.
(he path settings are ta8en &rom the EAGLE !on&iguration &ile eaglerc<$usr=: i&
e2isting: &rom a pre,ious EAGLE ,ersion installe. Moi&y the settings i&
ne!essary. (he ,aria/le >EA%2ED:R stans &or the !urrent EAGLE installation
ire!tory.
1otes on /irar0 #iles
All &iles &rom pre,ious ,ersions !an /e use #ith the ne# EAGLE ,ersion.
*lease !he!8 #hi!h li/rary &iles are in use, an a,aila/le &or the A$$
!omman. (o ma8e sure that you are #or8ing #ith those o& the ne# EAGLE
,ersion you shoul: &or e2ample in the S!hemati! Eitor: type the &ollo#ing
!omman in the !omman line
SE -!
(his remo,es all li/raries &rom the /u&&er. (hen type
SE !
to loa all li/raries o& the !urrently gi,en ire!tory or other ire!tories.
(he in&ormation a/out li/raries in use is store in the eagle$epf &ile o& the
!urrently a!ti,e pro<e!t.
28
2$3 =p"atin0 an )l"er >ersion
I& you ha,e ae ne# $e,i!es to e2isting li/raries: you shoul re9name an
!opy these li/raries to a separate &oler to a,oi o,er #riting: muling up
&iles #ith ne#er or oler ones: an in the #orst !ase loosing your #or8 prior
to upating. (his same rule hols true &or 'L*s an S!ript &iles as #ell.
A detailed list of recent changes in the libraries can be found on the
*ad"oft web server$ %oto ftp://ftp$cadsoftusa$com/eagle/addendum/?$-
and loo for a file named *hange2og$
(n Case of Chan,es in the #ile 2ata Structure
In !ase o& an upate #here it #as ne!essary to !hange the &ile ata stru!ture:
it may /e #ise to sa,e your o#n li/rary &iles &rom the earlier ,ersion in the
ne# EAGLE. E2paning the tree ,ie#Hs li/rary pre,ie# or sho#ing all
li/raries /y the &irst A$$ !omman !ause aitional time in s!reen upate
,ie#ing: epening on your !omputer spee. EAGLE has to upate the &iles
temporarily to the ne# &ile &ormat /e&ore sho#ing the li/rariesH !ontents.
In !ase you ha,e a lot o& &iles: there is a Kui!8 an !om&orta/le #ay to sol,e
this issue. +ou nee t#o tools to a!hie,e thisC
(he 'ser Language *rogram run&loop&all&lbr&script$ulp an a S!ript &ile that
!ontains one lineC
"#$TE%
Eit one o& the li/rary &iles that shall /e upate an start the 'L*. +ou #ill
/e as8e &or the S!ript &ile to /e e2e!ute: then all li/raries #hi!h are in the
same ire!tory #ill /e upate.
3iles from earlier versions can be used directly with the current one$ :n
case the files were made with a version prior to EA%2E @$,- you have to
convert them with a program named 1pdate@,$e.e$ Detailed information
about this can be found on page A4?$
2.6 Chan,in, or -7tendin, the /icense
I& you are !hanging your li!ense you #ill re!ei,e ne# installation !oe
together #ith a ne# li!ense &ile +serialnumber+$ey.
-un EAGLE: an sele!t the item 7roduct Registration in the Control *anel
uner the Belp menu. +ou #ill no# /e as8e &or the path to the
+serialnumber+$ey &ile. Choose it an then type: in the se!on line: your
personal installation !oe. (hen !li!8 ;'.
29
2 <nstallation
(he program has no# /een re9li!ense. +ou !an !all up the li!ense ata at
any time in the EAGLE Control *anel /y means o& the Belp/7roduct
:nformation menu.
So you !an upgrae an alreay installe Light Eition #ith a *ro&essional
Eition: &or e2ample.
2.: *ultiple %ser /icenses
Multiple9user li!enses may /e installe separately on i&&erent !omputers: or
may /e use in a net#or8 #ithin the s!ope o& the li!ense !onitions. (he
installation pro!eure in a net#or8 is generally the same as that on a stan9
alone !omputer: an is es!ri/e in the se!tion on #ew :nstallations on
page 21.
1otes for (nstallin, in a 1etwor!
(he user rights o& multiple9user li!enses i&&er &rom those o& the single9user
,ersion. (he so&t#are itsel& oes not !ontain any spe!ial net#or8 me!hanism:
an !an there&ore /e use on most net#or8s.
A typi!al installation may /e per&orme as the &ollo#ingC
(he EAGLE program is installe on a ser,er.
Li/rary: esign: 'L*: pro<e!t an other ire!tories !an /e &reely !hosen.
A&ter installation: EAGLE is starte an li!ense &rom one o& the
#or8stations. (his reKuires #rite a!!ess in the su/ire!tory bin o& the EAGLE
ire!tory. (he li!ense &ile eagle$ey that has /een !reate is not !hange
again a&ter the installation. Write a!!ess is no longer reKuire.
EAGLE !an no# /e !alle &rom all the other #or8stations.
*lease ensure that all the #or8stations !all EAGLE in the same #ay as #as
use #hen li!ensing.
A pri,ate #or8ing ire!tory Elo!al or on the net#or8F !an no# /e set up &or
ea!h !omputer. A user9spe!i&i! !on&iguration &ile Eeaglerc$usr uner Wino#s:
or $eaglerc uner Linu2 or Ma! )S 4F is lo!ate in this ire!tory. %urther
su/ire!tories !an then: &or instan!e: !ontain ini,iual pro<e!ts.
30
The License Dialog
2$5 +ultiple =ser 5i!enses
Alternati,ely it is possi/le &or ea!h !omputer on #hi!h EAGLE is to /e
a,aila/le to ha,e a separate li!ense. In this !ase: !opy the eagle$ey &ile that
#as !reate in the EAGLE program ire!tory Eeagle/binF into the !omputerHs
pri,ate #or8ing ire!tory. When &irst starting the program: enter the
installation !oe an the path to the li!ense &ile +serialnumber+$ey.
(his pro!eure is re!ommene: &or instan!e: &or multiple9user li!enses &or .
to 1 users #ho #ill only #or8 at spe!i&i! !omputers.
In net#or8 situations it is suggeste that all users a!!ess one lo!ation &or
Li/rary: 'L*: S!ript: et!. (his shoul /e a single net#or8 lo!ation &oler. (his
pre!aution is re!ommene /e!ause any !ustom $e,i!e: 'L*: S!ript !reate
/y one user !an no# /e utiliIe /y the entire team.
Special (nstructions %nder )indows
Path (nformation
It has /een &oun to /e help&ul to use the ser,er names in '"C notation
#hen gi,ing the path &or !alling EAGLE: rather than the ri,e letters. %or
e2ampleC
&&netser'ername&eagle&(in&eagle.e)e
2ifferent 3peratin, S0stems at the )or!in, Computers
I& net#or8 !omputers ha,ing i&&erent Wino#s systems are in use: it is &irst
ne!essary to per&orm an installation as es!ri/e a/o,e.
(he &ollo#ing situation !an ariseC
All the !omputers that are using: &or instan!e: Wino#s 4* !an run EAGLE.
Computers #ith Wino#s 5: ho#e,er: !annot. In orer to /e a/le to operate
the !omputers running Wino#s 5 as #ell: !opy the &iles eagle$e.e an
eagle$ey: lo!ate in the eagleCbin ire!tory on the ser,er: to: &or instan!e:
eagle.p$e.e an eagle.p$ey. "o# start all the !omputers that run Wino#s
4*: using the !omman
E*+,E-.
(hen start EAGLE &rom a !omputer #ith Wino#s 5: an li!ense it again #ith
the installation !oe an the li!ense &ile. (he eagle$ey &ile is then ,ali &or all
the Wino#s 5 !omputers. (he program is run #ith
E*+,E
+ou nee #rite authoriIation &or the eagleCbin ire!tory to per&orm the
!opying an li!ensingP
2.6 /an,ua,e Settin,s
EAGLE e!ies ue to the operating systemsH language #hi!h language to
use. I& the systemsH language: &or e2ample: is set to german: EAGLE #ill use
german language. In !ase you onHt li8e the automati!ally sele!te language:
you ha,e the &ollo#ing possi/ilities to !hange it.
31
2 <nstallation
)indows
EAGLE ta8es !are on a ,aria/le name 2A#%. %or !hanging it go to the
Wino#s Control *anel #here you !an e&ine en,ironment ,aria/les. Set up
a ,aria/le name LA"G. %or english language the ,alue is typi!ally set to
enD1" or enD%E$ 3or german language the ,alue shoul /e set to deDDE:
deD*B: or deDA!$ In !ase you #oul li8e to use a /at!h &ile to start EAGLE: it
!oul loo8 li8e thisC
SET ,*/+0en_+1
cd C2&.rogram files&eagle-6.).)
start &(in&eagle.e)e
(his is o& use: i& there are other appli!ations that rea!t on the LA"G ,aria/le.
(he /at!h a&&e!ts EAGLE: only.
/inu7 and *ac 3S;8
(he same as es!ri/e &or the Wino#s EAGLE !an /e one &or Linu2 an
Ma! )S94. (here you ha,e to e&ine the ,aria/le #ith the systemsH E4*)-(
!omman.
+ou !oul also use a s!ript &ile in orer to start EAGLEC
,*/+0en_S
/home/user/eagle-6.).)/(in/eagle
EAGLE is planne to support more an more languages. *lease re&er to the
&ile 17DA!E$t.t &or in&ormation a/out !urrently supporte languages.
32
Chapter $
-&./- *odules and -ditions
$.1 -&./- *odules
A num/er o& EAGLE eitions are o&&ere. +ou !an a an Autorouter Moule
an?or a S!hemati! Eitor to the Layout Eitor.
A stan9alone S!hemati! Eitor !an /e use &or ra#ing #iring iagrams. In
this !ase you #onHt nee the Layout Eitor. (he user inter&a!e is ienti!al &or
all parts o& the program.
'he /a0out -ditor
(he Layout Eitor: #hi!h allo#s you to esign *rinte Cir!uit =oars E*C=sF
!omes #ith the Li/rary Eitor: the Computer Aie Manu&a!turing ECAMF
*ro!essor: an the (e2t Eitor. With the Li/rary Eitor you !an alreay
esign *a!8ages E&ootprintsF: Sym/ols an $e,i!es E&or a s!hemati!F. (he
CAM *ro!essor is the program #hi!h generates the output ata &or the
prou!tion o& the *C= Ee.g. Ger/er or rill &ilesF. It is also possi/le to use 'ser
Language programs an S!ript &iles.
Schematic -ditor
(he S!hemati! Eitor #ithout Layout Eitor is appli!a/le &or ra#ing
ele!tri!al #iring iagrams E!onne!tion s!heme: !onta!t plans...F. (he
S!hemati! Eitor !omes: as #ell as the Layout Eitor: #ith the &ull Li/rary
Eitor &or esigning Sym/ols &or the S!hemati! an *a!8ages &or the Layout:
#ith the CAM *ro!essor: an the (e2t Eitor. +ou !an also use 'ser Language
programs an S!ript &iles.
I& you #ant to ra# S!hemati! iagrams &or ele!troni! systems you shoul
ha,e S!hemati! an Layout Eitor. +ou !an generate the asso!iate !ir!uit
/oar at any time #ith a mouse9!li!8. EAGLE then !hanges to the Layout
Eitor: #here the pa!8ages are pla!e ne2t to an empty /oar 9 !onne!te ,ia
air#ires Eru//er /ansF. %rom here you !an go on esigning #ith the Layout
Eitor as usual. S!hemati! an layout are automati!ally 8ept !onsistent /y
EAGLE E%or#arD=a!8 AnnotationF. S!hemati! iagrams !an !onsist o& a
ma2imum o& 999 sheets in the *ro&essional Eition E99 sheets in the
Stanar EitionF. )n the le&t sie o& the S!hemati! Eitor #ino# the
pre,ie# o& the sheets is isplaye.
33
3 E345E +o"ules an" E"itions
&utorouter
+ou !an route the air#ires automati!ally i& you o#n the Autorouter moule.
+ou !an !hoose single nets: groups o& nets or all nets &or the automati!
routing pass. (he program #ill hanle ,arious net#or8 !lasses ha,ing
i&&erent tra!8 #iths an minimum !learan!es.
(he Autorouter also ser,es as /asi! engine o& the %ollo#9me router. (his is an
a,an!e operating moe o& the -)'(E !omman &or manual routing: #hi!h
!al!ulates an isplays the tra!e o& a sele!te signal automati!ally.
$.2 2ifferent -ditions
EAGLE o&&ers ,arious per&orman!e?pri!e !ategories EeitionsF !alle Light:
%reemium: Stanar: an *ro&essional. (he &a!ilities mentione in this
manual al#ays re&er to the *ro&essional eition.
Professional -dition
.eneral
ma2imum ra#ing area 110 2 110 in!hes
resolution 0.00.121 Qm
mm or in!h gri
up to 211 ra#ing layers
!omman ES!riptF &iles
C9li8e 'ser Language &or ata e2port an import an the
realiIation o& sel&9e&ine !ommans
%ully o!umente: reaa/le 4ML ata stru!ture
easy li/rary eiting
!omposition o& sel&9e&ine li/raries #ith alreay e2isting
elements /y $ragD$rop
easy generation o& ne# *a!8age ,ariants &rom other li/raries /y
$ragD$rop
&ree rotation o& pa!8age ,ariants E0.19egree stepsF
ar/itrary pa shapes in the *a!8age Eitor
li/rary /ro#ser an po#er&ul !omponent sear!h &un!tion
te!hnology support Ee. g. 50L00: 50LS00..F
easy e&inition o& la/elle ra#ing &rames
&ree e&ina/le attri/utes: appli!a/le &or $e,i!es in the Li/rary
an in S!hemati! or Layout
support o& assem/ly ,ariants
easy9to9use imensioning tool
34
3$2 ?i##erent E"itions
merging o& i&&erent pro<e!ts #ith maintaining !onsisten!y
E$esign -euseF
integrate *$% ata e2port &un!tion
e2port &un!tion &or graphi! &iles E=M*: (I%: *"G...F
printouts ,ia the )SHs printer ri,ers #ith print pre,ie#
partlist generation #ith ata/ase support Ebom$ulpF
$ragD$rop in the Control *anel
user9e&ina/le !onte2t menu #ith o/<e!t9spe!i&i! !ommans &or all
o/<e!ts: a,aila/le through a right mouse !li!8
properties o& o/<e!ts !an /e a!!esse an eite ,ia !onte2t menu
automati! /a!8up &un!tion
/a0out -ditor
&ull SM$ support
support o& =lin an =urie ,ias
rotation o& o/<e!ts in ar/itrary angles E0.19egree stepsF
!omponents !an /e lo!8e against mo,ing
te2ts !an /e pla!e in any orientation
ynami! !al!ulation o& signal lines #hile routing the layout
magneti!9pas &un!tion
tra!8s !an /e laye out #ith roune !orners in any raius
mitering to smooth #ire <oints
$esign -ule Che!8 &or /oar layouts E!he!8s e.g. o,erlaps:
measures o& pas or tra!8sF
!opper pouring Egroun plainsF
*a!8age ,ariants support
$i&&erential *air routing
automati! !reation o& meaners &or length !ompensation o& signals
user9e&ina/le: &ree programma/le 'ser Language to generate ata &or
mounting ma!hines: test eKuipments: milling ma!hines or any other
ata &ormat
output o& manu&a!turing ata &or pen plotters: photo plotters an
rilling ma!hines #ith the CAM *ro!essor
Schematic -ditor
up to 999 sheets per s!hemati!
i!on pre,ie# &or sheets
sorting s!hemati! sheets /y $ragD$rop
!ross re&eren!es &or nets
automati! generation o& !onta!t !ross re&eren!es
35
simple !opying o& parts
repla!e &un!tion &or parts #ithout loss o& !onsisten!y /et#een
s!hemati! an layout
)nline9%or#arD=a!8 Annotation /et#een s!hemati! an /oar
automati! /oar generation
automati! generation o& supply signals
Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 Eerror !he!8 in the S!hemati! an !onsisten!y
!he!8 /et#een S!hemati! an LayoutF
&utorouter *odule
&ully integrate into /asi! program
uses the set o& $esign -ules you e&ine &or the layout
!hange /et#een manual an automati! routing at any time
/asi! engine &or the %ollo#9me router: a tool that supports
you in manual routingR the tra!e o& a sele!te signal #ill /e
!al!ulate automati!ally
ripupDretry algorithm
user9e&ina/le strategy E/y !ost &a!torsF
routing gri o#n to 0.7 mil E0.02 mmF
no pla!ement restri!tions
up to 13 signal layers E#ith user e&ina/le pre&erre ire!tionsF
&ull support o& =lin an =urie ,ias
ta8es into !onsieration ,arious net !lasses
Standard -dition
Compare to the *ro&essional Eition the &ollo#ing restri!tions apply to the
Stanar Eition in the Layout EitorC
(he layout area is restri!te to a ma2imum o& 130 2 100 mm
Ea/out 3.. 2 ..9 in!hesF. )utsie this area it is not possi/le to pla!e
*a!8ages an ra# signals.
A ma2imum num/er o& 3 signal layers are allo#e E(op: -oute2:
-oute.: -oute10: -oute11: =ottomF.
A s!hemati! !an !onsist o& a ma2imum o& 99 sheets.
#reemium -dition
(he %reemium Eition is a 3ree 7remium: #hi!h is a,aila/le only a&ter
registration on http://www$element&45$com/eagle&freemium an has the
&ollo#ing limitationsC
(he /oar area is restri!te to 100 2 70 mm Ea/out ..9 2 ..2 in!hesF:
#hi!h !orrespons to hal& o& a Euro!ar.
)nly 0 signal layers !an /e use E(op: -oute2: -oute11: =ottomF.
36
3$2 ?i##erent E"itions
A s!hemati! !an !onsist o& a ma2imum num/er o& 0 sheets.
(he %reemium li!ense is limite to one single user an !omputer: an
reKuires an a!ti,e !onne!tion to the Internet in orer to #or8.
(he li!ense e2pires .0 ays a&ter installation.
/i,ht -dition
(he &ollo#ing restri!tions apply to the EAGLE Light 6ersionC
(he /oar area is restri!te to 100 2 70 mm Ea/out ..9 2 ..2 in!hesF.
)utsie this area it is not possi/le to pla!e *a!8ages an ra# signals.
)nly t#o signal layers !an /e use Eno inner layersF.
A s!hemati! !an !onsist o& only one single sheet.
Merging o& i&&erent pro<e!ts is not supporte.
Larger layouts an s!hemati!s !an /e printe #ith the smaller eitions. (he
CAM pro!essor !an generate manu&a!turing ata as #ell.
37
(his
page
has /een
le&t &ree
intentionally.
38
Chapter 6
& #irst /oo! at -&./-
6.1 'he Control Panel
(he Control *anel normally appears a&ter starting EAGLE: an this is the
programHs !ontrol !enter. All the &iles spe!i&i! to EAGLE are manage here:
an some /asi! settings !an /e mae. It is similar to the &amiliar &ile
managers use /y a #ie ,ariety o& appli!ations an operating systems. Ea!h
EAGLE &ile is isplaye in the tree ,ie# /y means o& a small sym/ol.
A !onte2t menu is opene /y !li!8ing #ith the mouse on an entry in the tree
,ie#. (his allo#s you: epening on the o/<e!t: to !arry out a ,ariety o&
a!tions Erename: !opy: print: open: !reate ne# et!.F.
(he Control *anel supports $ragD$rop. (his !an also /e one /et#een
i&&erent programs. +ou !an: &or instan!e: !opy &iles: mo,e them: or !reate
lin8s on the es8top. 'ser Language programs or s!ript &iles that are pulle
#ith the ai o& the mouse out o& the Control *anel an into an eitor #ino#
are starte automati!ally. I&: &or instan!e: you pull a /oar &ile #ith the
mouse into the Layout Eitor: the &ile is opene.
(he tree stru!ture pro,ies a Kui!8 o,er,ie# o& the li/raries: $esign -ules:
'ser Language programs: s!ript &iles: CAM <o/s an pro<e!ts. Spe!ial li/raries:
te2t: manu&a!turing an o!umentation &iles !an /elong to a pro<e!t as #ell
as s!hemati! iagrams an layouts.
(he &irst time it is !alle: the Control *anel #ill appear ,ery mu!h as sho#n
in the &ollo#ing iagram. I& an o/<e!t is sele!te in the tree ,ie#: &urther
rele,ant in&ormation is isplaye in the right han part o& the #ino#.
Simply !li!8 onto ,arious &olers an &iles in orer to e2periment #ith the
Control *anelHs &a!ilities.
39
4 3 First 5oo; at E345E
/irar0 Summar0
(he possi/ility o& isplaying the !ontents o& the li/raries is parti!ularly
interesting. It pro,ies a ,ery rapi o,er,ie# o& the a,aila/le $e,i!es.
E2pan the 2ibraries entry: an you !an see the a,aila/le li/raries. In the
Description &iel you !an see a /rie& es!ription o& the !ontents. I& a li/rary is
sele!te: you #ill see more e2tensi,e in&ormation a/out the li/rary in the
right han part o& the Control *anel. I& you then e2pan a li/rary entry: the
!ontents #ill /e isplaye together #ith a short es!ription o& ea!h element.
$e,i!es an *a!8ages are mar8e #ith a small i!on.
"o# sele!t: &or e2ample: a $e,i!eC
(he es!ription o& the $e,i!e an a graphi!al representation o& it appear on
the right. (he a,aila/le *a!8age an te!hnology ,ariants are liste. I& you
!li!8 onto one o& the *a!8age ,ersions: the *a!8age pre,ie# sho#n a/o,e #ill
!hange.
I& a S!hemati! Eitor #ino# is open: the entry ADD #ill /e sho#n right o&
the ,ariant name. Cli!8 it an the $e,i!e is atta!he to the mouse !ursor as
soon as it is o,er the S!hemati! Eitor #ino#. "o# you !an rop it in the
s!hemati!.
I& you are only #or8ing #ith the Layout Eitor: this #ill o& !ourse also
operate #ith *a!8ages. It is: aitionally: possi/le to rag a $e,i!e &rom the
tree ,ie# into a s!hemati! iagram an to pla!e it there /y means o&
40
Control Panel: On the right, the description of the RCL librar
4$1 -he 1ontrol Panel
$ragD$rop. I& it has more than one *a!8age ,ersion: the A$$ ialog opens
automati!ally: so that the esire *a!8age !an /e sele!te.
(he green mar8er /ehin the li/rary entry ini!ates that this li/rary is in use.
(his means that it !an /e use in the !urrent pro<e!t. $e,i!es in this li/rary
#ill /e e2amine /y the sear!h &un!tion in the A$$ ialog o& the s!hemati!
iagram or o& the layout. (his ma8es them a,aila/le &or the pro<e!t. (he
li/rary #ill not /e e2amine i& the mar8ing is gray.
I& starting EAGLE #ithout a pro<e!t Eno eagle$epf &ile is rea: the pro<e!t has
/een !lose /e&ore e2iting EAGLE last timeF an !reating a ne# pro<e!t
E 3ile/#ew/7roFectF all li/raries #ill /e in use automati!ally. >o#e,er:
opening an alreay e2isting pro<e!t: #here only !ertain li/raries are in use
/e&ore !reating the ne# pro<e!t: #ill aopt this sele!tion.
I& the Li/rary Eitor #ino# is open you !an $ragD$rop a !omplete $e,i!e
set or *a!8age e&inition &rom the Control *anel into the li/rary #ino#. (his
#ay you !an !opy it &rom one li/rary into another.
Control Panel: Librar s!""ar #ith De$ice $ie#
2esi,n 5ules
Spe!ial $esign -ules !an /e spe!i&ie in EAGLE to go,ern the /oar esign.
(hese !an /e sa,e as ata sets in spe!ial &iles EG$druF.
(he parameter set that is to go,ern the !urrent pro<e!t is spe!i&ie in the
Design Rules /ran!h o& the tree ,ie#. I& no ata has /een pro,ie &or the
$esign -ules E$-C !ommanF: EAGLE #ill itsel& pro,ie parameters. (he
41
mar8ing to the right o& the &ile entry spe!i&ies the e&ault parameter set &or
the !urrent pro<e!t. (he layout #ill /e !he!8e /y the $-C in a!!oran!e
#ith these !riteria. %urther in&ormation a/out the $-C an the $esign -ules
is &oun starting on page 1.5.
%ser /an,ua,e Pro,rams" Scripts" C&* <os
(hese entries sho# the !ontents o& the ulp: scr an cam ire!tories. (hey
!ontain ,arious 'ser Language programs EG$ulpF: s!ript &iles EG$scrF an CAM
<o/s EG$camF &or the output o& ata using the CAM *ro!essor. I& one o& these
&iles is sele!te in the Control *anel: you #ill see a &ull es!ription o& the &ile.
(he paths !an /e set /y means o& the ;ptions/Directories menu. (his is
is!usse in more etail later in this !hapter.
Pro=ects
(he ,arious pro<e!ts are manage &rom the Control *anel. A !li!8 onto the
7roFects entry isplays ,arious &olers. (hese are lo!ate uner the path set
uner ;ptions/Directories/7roFects. It is allo#e to e&ine more than one path
there.
A pro<e!t usually !onsists o& a &oler #hi!h represents the pro<e!t /y its name
an the pro<e!tHs !on&iguration &ile eagle$epf. (he &oler usually !ontains all
&iles that /elong to your pro<e!t: &or e2ample: s!hemati! an /oar &ile:
spe!ial li/rary &iles: s!ript &iles an so on.
*ro<e!t ire!tories that !ontain the pro<e!t &ile eagle$epf #ill /e mar8e #ith a
re &oler i!on. H"ormalH &olers #ill /e mar8e #ith a yello# i!on.
(he pro<e!t to /e eite is sele!te in the 7roFects /ran!h. )n the right o& the
pro<e!tHs name you #ill &in a mar8er #hi!h is either gray or green. With the
help o& this mar8er one !an open or !lose pro<e!ts. Cli!8ing onto a gray
mar8er: loas the pro<e!t. (he mar8er appears green no#. Cli!8ing onto the
green mar8er again or !li!8ing onto another gray mar8er !loses the !urrent
pro<e!t respe!ti,ely opens another pro<e!t a&ter !losing the !urrent one. (his
#ay one !an s#it!h easily &rom one pro<e!t to another.
As an alternati,e you !an open or !lose a pro<e!t /y ou/le9!li!8ing onto the
entry in the tree ,ie# or /y pressing the Space or Enter 8ey.
While !losing a pro<e!t the settings o& the !urrently opene Eitor #ino#s
#ill /e store in the !orresponing pro<e!t &ile eagle$epf: pro,ie that the
option Automatically save proFect file is set in the ;ptions/Eacup menu.
I& the pro<e!t &ile #as generate /y another EAGLE ,ersion than !urrently
use: you #ill /e as8e: i& it is allo#e to o,er#rite the &ile.
"e# pro<e!ts are !reate /y !li!8ing the right mouse /utton onto a &oler
entry in this /ran!h. A !onte2t menu opens #hi!h permits ne# &iles an
ire!tories to /e !reate an the ini,iual pro<e!ts to /e manage.
Sele!ting the option #ew/7roFect in,o8es a ne# &oler #hi!h has to /e gi,en
the pro<e!tHs title. (he pro<e!t &ile eagle$epf #ill /e !reate automati!ally.
42
+ou !an also use the 3ile/;pen/7roFect or the 3ile/#ew/7roFect menu to open
or !reate a ne# pro<e!t.
(he !onte2t menu !ontains the Edit Description item. A es!ription o& the
pro<e!t !an /e entere here: an this is then isplaye in the Description /o2.
It is possi/le to !reate a es!ription &or s!hemati! an /oar &iles. It has to /e
e&ine in the eitor #ino#s. See help &un!tion &or the $ESC-I*(I)"
!omman &or more in&ormation.
*enu Bar
(he Control *anel allo#s ,arious a!tions to /e e2e!ute an settings mae
through pull9o#n menus that are e2plaine /elo#.
#ile *enu
(he 3ile menu !ontains the &ollo#ing itemsC
1ew
Creates a ne# layout E/oarF: s!hemati!: li/rary: CAM <o/: 'L*: s!ript or te2t
&ile. (he 7roFect option !reates a ne# pro<e!t. (his initially !onsists simply o& a
ne# ire!tory in #hi!h the &iles &or a ne# pro<e!t are hanle. (hese #ill
!onsist as a rule o& the s!hemati! iagram an layout: possi/ly o& spe!ial
li/raries: s!ript &iles: 'ser Language programs: o!umentation &iles et!. an
o& the &ile eagle$epf: in #hi!h pro<e!t9spe!i&i! settings are store.
43
Conte%t "en! for pro&ect "anage"ent
(he e&ault ire!tories &or the ,arious &ile types are e&ine in the
;ptions/Directories menu.
CAM <o/s are e&initions &or generating output ata #ith the CAM *ro!essor.
S!ript an 'L* &iles are te2t &iles !ontaining !omman seKuen!es in the
EAGLE !omman language or the EAGLE 'ser Language. (hey !an /e
!reate an eite #ith the EAGLE (e2t Eitor or #ith an e2ternal te2t
eitor.
3pen
)pens an e2isting &ile o& the types mentione a/o,e.
3pen recent pro=ects
Lists re!ently use pro<e!ts.
Save all
All !hange &iles are sa,e. (he !urrent settings &or the pro<e!t are sa,e in
the &ile eagle$epf: e,en i& the option Automatically save proFect file in the menu
;ptions/Eacup$$$ is s#it!he o&&. 'ser9spe!i&i! settings are store in the &ile
eaglerc$usr EWino#sF or $eaglerc ELinu2?Ma!F.
Close pro=ect
(he pro<e!t #ill /e !lose. *ro<e!t9spe!i&i! settings are sa,e in the
eagle$epf &ile o& the !urrent pro<e!t ire!tory.
)n!e you ha,e o,er#ritten a pro<e!t &ile &rom an oler ,ersion E/e&ore 3.0F
the imension ,alues #ill /e store in a i&&erent &ormat. I& you then loa
su!h a &ile #ith an ol ,ersion o& EAGLE: all menu entries Eli8e #ire #iths or
rill iametersF #ill &all /a!8 to their e&ault ,alues.
-7it
(he program is terminate. When EAGLE is starte again: the last program
status is restore: i.e. the #ino#s an other #or8ing en,ironment
parameters appear un!hange. I& there #as no pro<e!t loae only the
Control *anel #ill /e opene ne2t time.
(he !urrent status is also sa,e #hen you lea,e EAGLE #ith Alt&H &rom any
program part.
:f you have deactivated the 7ull&down menu of the Editor windows with
the ;ptions/1ser interface menu, AltIH won6t wor$ 1se the J1:!
command instead$ Kou could even assign the J1:! command to AltIH
with the help of the A"":%# command$
9iew *enu
5efresh
(he !ontents o& the tree ,ie# are upate.
44
Sort
(he !ontents o& the tree ,ie# #ill /e sorte by name or by type.
3ptions *enu
2irectories
(he e&ault ire!tories &or parti!ular EAGLE &iles are entere in the
ire!tories ialog /o2.
More than one path may /e entere &or ea!h o& these. In the Wino#s
,ersion the entries are separate /y semi!olons: #hile a !olon is use in the
Linu2 an Ma! ,ersion. (he 7roFects ire!tory is the e&ault ire!tory &or the
(e2t Eitor.
(he 7roFects ire!tory !ontains su/ire!tories: ea!h o& #hi!h represents a
parti!ular pro<e!t. Ea!h o& the pro<e!t ire!tories !ontains an EAGLE pro<e!t
&ile Eeagle$epfF. A pro<e!t ire!tory an its su/ire!tories usually !ontain all
the &iles that are asso!iate #ith one parti!ular pro<e!t: su!h as the s!hemati!
iagram an the layout: te2t &iles: manu&a!turing ata: o!umentation &iles
an so on.
(ype the path ire!tly into the !orresponing /o2: or sele!t the esire
ire!tory /y !li!8ing the Erowse /utton.
(he e&ault settings !an /e seen in the iagram a/o,e. >EA%2ED:R stans &or
the installationHs EAGLE ire!tory.
+ou may also use >B;ME &or your home ire!tory uner Linu2. 'ner
Wino#s it is possi/le to e&ine this en,ironment ,aria/le #it the SE(
!omman.
I& a >)ME ,aria/le has not /een set #ithin the En,ironment ,aria/le: then
uner Wino#s EAGLE #ill suggest the ire!tory Application Data.
(his ire!tory is e&ine in the Wino#s registry inC
34E5_C##E/T_SE#&Soft6are&Microsoft&"indo6s&Current7ers
ion&E)plorer&Shell 8olders&*pp9ata
In this &oler you !an also &in the user9spe!i&i! !on&iguration &ile eaglerc$usr.
It is o& !ourse also possi/le to spe!i&y paths #ith an a/solute &ormat.
45
The directories dialog in the Options "en!
!he B;ME variable must not point to the root directory of a drive)
Bac!up
When &iles are sa,e: EAGLE !reates /a!8up !opies o& the pre,ious &iles. (he
ma.imum bacup level &iel allo#s you to enter the ma2imum num/er o&
/a!8up !opies Ee&aultC 9F. =a!8up &iles ha,e i&&erent &ile e2tensions:
enumerate seKuentially. S!hemati! &iles re!ei,e the ening sL.: /oar &iles
bL.: an li/rary &iles lL.. . !an run &rom 1 to 9. (he &ile #ith . O 1 is the
ne#est one.
(he automati! /a!8up &un!tion also permits the /a!8up to /e s!heule. (he
time9inter,al !an /e /et#een 1 an 30 minutes Ee&aultC 1 minutesF. (he
/a!8up &iles ha,e the enings bLL: sLL an lLL respe!ti,ely.
All these /a!8up &iles !an /e &urther pro!esse in EAGLE i& they are rename
an gi,en the usual &ile enings Ebrd: sch: lbrF.
I& the option to Automatically save proFect file is !hosen: your pro<e!t is
automati!ally sa,e #hen you !lose the !urrent pro<e!t or lea,e the program.
%ser (nterface
(he 'ser Inter&a!e ialog allo#s the appearan!e o& the eitor #ino#s &or
the layout: s!hemati! iagram an li/rary to /e a<uste to your pre&eren!es.
+ou !an also a!!ess this menu &rom the Eitor #ino#s.
In the *ontrols /o2 you spe!i&y #hi!h o/<e!ts are to /e isplaye in the eitor
#ino#. I& you ea!ti,ate all the *ontrols: only the !omman line #ill remain
&or entry. (his ma2imiIes the &ree area a,aila/le &or the ra#ing.
46
'ac(!p dialog
(he option Always vector font sho#s an prints te2ts #ith the /uilt9in ,e!tor
&ont: inepenently &rom the originally use &ont. 'sing the 6e!tor &ont
guarantees that the output #ith a printer or the CAM *ro!essor is e2a!tly the
same as sho#n in the eitor #ino#. %onts other than ,e!tor &ont epen on
the systemsH settings an !annot /e !ontrolle /y EAGLE. (he output o& non9
,e!tor &onts may i&&er &rom the eitorHs ,ie#.
)pening the 1ser :nterface ialog &rom one o& the Eitor #ino#s E&or
e2ample: the Layout EitorF the Always vector font option o&&ers an aitional
item 7ersistent in this drawing. Setting this option !auses EAGLE to sa,e the
Always vector font setting in the !urrent ra#ing &ile. So you !an /e Kuite sure
that the layout #ill /e sho#n #ith ,e!tor &ont at anotherHs person !omputer
E&or e2ample: at a /oar houseF.
*lease see the help &un!tion &or etails E(E4( !ommanF.
2imit (oom factor limits the ma2imum Ioom &a!tor in an eitor #ino#. At
ma2imum Ioom le,el the #ith o& the ra#ing is a/out one Millimetre
Eappro2. 00 milF. S#it!hing o&& this option allo#s you to Ioom until the
0.00.121 Mi!ron gri #ill /e!ome ,isi/le.
I& you are #or8ing #ith a #heel mouse: you !an Ioom in an out /y turning
the mouse #heel. Mouse wheel Ioom etermines the Ioom &a!tor. (he ,alue 0
s#it!hes this &un!tion o&&. (he #heel is use &or s!rolling then. EAGLE also
supports the use o& t#o9&inger9pan gestures on tra!8 pas &or na,igating an
Iooming.
(he &iel E.ternal te.t editor allo#s you to spe!i&y an alternati,e &or the /uilt9
in EAGLE te2t eitor. %urther etails on this !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion
in the se!tion Editor windows/!e.t editor.
47
)ettings for the User *nterface
(he /a!8groun !olor an the appearan!e o& the ra#ing !ursor !an /e
separately a<uste &or the layout an the s!hemati! iagram eitors. (he
bacground may /e /la!8: #hite or sho#n in any other !olor E*oloredF. (he
/a!8groun !olor e&inition is es!ri/e on page 105.
(he !ursor !an /e isplaye optionally as small !ross or as large !ross9hairs.
(he se!tion Vertical te.t lets you e!ie #hether te2t shoul /e reaa/le &rom
the right han sie up#ars E1pF or &rom the le&t han sie o#n#ars
EDownF in your ra#ings.
(he !he!8 /o2es in the Belp area allo# to s#it!h on or o&& the popup te2ts &or
the !omman i!ons EEubble helpF an the help te2ts &or the !ommans in the
status line E1ser guidanceF.
Sele!ting the 1ser guidance !he!8 /o2 isplays: aition in&ormation a/out
the sele!te o/<e!t: li8e the net or signal name: the net !lass: or the partHs
name an ,alue E#ith "E(: M)6E: -)'(E: S>)W...F: instru!tions a/out the
possi/le mouse a!tions in the status /ar o& the eitor #ino#.
)indow Positions
>ere you !an store the positions an the siIes o& the !urrently open Eitor
#ino#s. Ea!h &ile that #ill /e opene &rom no# on appears in its Eitor
#ino# at the gi,en position an siIe parameters that #ere store.
I& you elete the store positions again: EAGLE etermines the lo!ation o& an
Eitor #ino# an uses a &i2e siIe &or it: #hi!h is the e&ault setting.
)indow *enu
%rom the /indow menu you !an !hoose the #ino# Es!hemati!: /oar: et!.F
to /e isplaye in the &oregroun. (he num/er on the le&t is the #ino#
num/er. It allo#s you to !hoose a #ino# #hen !om/ine #ith the Alt 8ey
Ee.g. AltI4 sele!ts #ino# 1F.
(he !om/ination AltI- !an /e use any#here in the program to /ring the
Control *anel into the &oregroun.
!he functionality of AltIwindowDnumber is supported in the /indows
and in the 2inu. version only$
Help *enu
(he Belp menu !ontains an item &or !alling the help &un!tion: as #ell as items
&or installing a ne# li!ense E7roduct registrationF an getting in&ormation
a/out the program ,ersion et!. E7roduct information=$
Product re,istration
(he registration ialog is !alle automati!ally #hen you start EAGLE the &irst
time. I& you #ant to install an upgrae you must start this ialog &rom the
Belp menu: an then enter the ne!essary in&ormation a!!oring to the
2icense/7roduct Registration se!tion o& the help &un!tion. All eitor #ino#s
48
ha,e to /e !lose /e&ore. -ea the notes in the !hapter :nstallation &or more
in&ormation.
Chec! for %pdate
=y e&ault EAGLE !he!8s &or ne#er EAGLE ,ersions on the CaSo&t #e/
ser,er. In !ase there is a ne#er ,ersion a,aila/le you #ill /e in&orme /y a
message #ino#. EAGLE in&orms you a/out a ne# so&t#are release: /ut
#onHt o#nloa it automati!ally.
Cli!8 the *onfigure /utton to let EAGLE loo8 &or the so&t#are ,ersion daily:
weely, or never. I& you are #or8ing #ith a *ro2y ser,er: type in itHs name. In
!ase you are intereste in the ne#est /eta ,ersion: you !an a!ti,ate this
!he!8: too.
Product information
I& you !onta!t our te!hni!al support you shoul pro,ie the in&ormation you
#ill &in uner this menu item.
6.2 'he Schematic -ditor )indow
(he S!hemati! Eitor #ino# opens #hen you loa an e2isting s!hemati! or
!reate a ne# one. (here are se,eral #ays o& opening &iles in EAGLE.
+ou !an: &or instan!e: loa a s!hemati! iagram /y means o& the
3ile/;pen/"chematic menu in the Control *anel. Alternati,ely ou/le9!li!8
onto a s!hemati! iagram &ile in the tree ,ie#.
I& you #ant to !reate a ne# s!hemati!: sele!t the menu 3ile/#ew/"chematic.
(his #ill open a s!hemati! #ith the name untitled$sch in the !urrent pro<e!t
ire!tory.
49
The )che"atic Editor
I& you #ant to !reate a s!hemati! iagram straight a#ay in a ne# pro<e!t: you
may &or e2ample !li!8 #ith the right mouse /utton onto a pro<e!t in the
7roFects entry o& the tree ,ie#: an sele!t the #ew proFect option &rom the
!onte2t menu. (he ne# pro<e!t re!ei,es a name. (hen !li!8 onto this entry
#ith the right mouse /utton. "o# sele!t #ew/"chematic &rom the !onte2t
menu.
A ne# s!hemati! opens in this pro<e!t ire!tory.
)n top you #ill see the title ;ar: #hi!h !ontains the &ile name: an then the
'enu ;ar: an the action tool;ar.
=elo# the a!tion tool/ar there is the para'eter tool;ar= #hi!h !ontains
i&&erent i!ons: epening on the a!ti,e !omman.
A/o,e the #or8ing area you #ill &in the coordinate displa/ on the le&t: #ith
the co''and line: #here !ommans !an /e entere in te2t &ormat: to the
right o& it.
EAGLE a!!epts !ommans in i&&erent /ut eKui,alent #aysC as mouse !li!8s:
te2t ,ia 8ey/oar: or &rom !omman Es!riptF &iles.
)n the le&t o& the #or8 spa!e you &in the co''and tool;ar: #hi!h !ontains
most o& the S!hemati! EitorHs !ommans.
In the status line: at the /ottom o& the s!reen: instru!tions &or the user
appear: i& a !omman is a!ti,e.
)n the le&t you you !an see the pre,ie# o& the s!hemati! sheets. +ou !an sort
the sheets ,ia $ragD$rop.
50
4$2 -he .!hemati! E"itor %in"o(
Ea!h o& the tool/ars !an /e isplaye or hien using ;ptions/1ser :nterface.
It is also possi/le to rearrange the tool/ars #ithin !ertain limits #ith the ai
o& the mouse. (he !omman tool/ar: &or instan!e: !an also /e pla!e on the
right: or the a!tion an parameter tool/ars !an /e pla!e together on one
line.
How 4ou 3tain 2etailed (nformation &out a
Command
Bule Help &nd 'ool 'ips
I& the mouse !ursor remains a/o,e an i!on &or longer than a !ertain time: the
name o& the EAGLE !omman appears. +ou also see a short e2planation
/elo# in the status line.
%or e2ample: mo,e the !ursor o,er the WI-E i!on. =u//le help #ith the #or
/ire appears ire!tly /y the !ursor. (he short es!ription: Draw lines:
appears in the status line.
I& you sele!t the !omman: a short note appears /elo# in the status line:
ini!ating #hat #oul normally /e e2pe!te as the ne2t a!tion. %or instan!e:
i& you !li!8 onto the WI-E i!on: the status line #ill isplay the instru!tionC
2eft&clic to start wire .
(hese &un!tions !an /e a!ti,ate or !an!elle in the Control *anel /y means
o& the ;ptions/1ser :nterface menu.
Help #unction
I& you #ant to learn more a/out a !omman: e.g. the WI-E !omman: !li!8
its i!on in the !omman tool/ar: then !li!8 the help i!on.
As an alternati,e you !an type
3E,. "$#E
in the !omman line. (he !hara!ter sym/oliIes the Enter 8ey.
(he !ontents o& the EAGLE >elp is store in a single >(ML &ile an !an /e
,ie#e &or e2ample #ith a #e/ /ro#ser: as #ell. It also o&&ers a &ull9te2t
sear!h.
A&ter typing in a sear!h term in the 3ind line: EAGLE help no longer sho#s all
pages /ut only the pages !ontaining this e2pression. (he 8eys %. an
"hiftS3A allo# you to go to the ne2t or pre,ious lo!ation. Ea!h sear!h term
&oun #ill /e mar8e. Green ini!ating the !urrently &oun term: yello# &or
all others.
51
EA+LE ,elp #indo#
Command Parameters
A num/er o& EAGLE !ommans nee aitional parameters. -e&er to the help
pages &or a es!ription o& the te2tual entry o& parameters E,ia !omman line
or s!ript &ileF.
Most o& the parameters !an /e entere /y !li!8ing the appropriate i!ons in
the parameter tool/ar: #hi!h !hanges a!!oring to the sele!te !omman.
(hese i!ons also sho# /u//le help e2planations.
(his is ho# the parameter tool/ar appears #hen the "E( !omman is
a!ti,ate.
Para"eter toolbar of the -ET co""and
)n the le&t is the G-I$ i!on &or setting the gri pit!h. (o the right are /uttons
&or the /en moe ESE( WI-EL=E"$F o& the net line: &ollo#e /y the miter
raius &or smoothing line <oints #ith the options straight or roune Esee
MI(E- !ommanF. "e2t to this is the "tyle menu #here the type o& line is
e&ine. )n the &ar right is a ,alue menu &or assigning a #et class.
.5(2
(his i!on is a,aila/le at any time. It is use to a<ust the gri an to sele!t the
!urrent unit. In EAGLE: any ,alue relates to the !urrent unit.
52
A right9!li!8 onto the i!on opens a popup menu that !ontains the entry 2ast$
So you !an s#it!h /a!8 to the pre,iously !hosen gri setting. (he #ew$$$ entry
allo#s to e&ine so9!alle Aliases. More a/out this in !hapter 1.
'he &ction 'oolar
(his tool/ar is !ompose o& the &ollo#ing i!onsC

%rom the le&tC )pen &ile: sa,e &ile: print &ile: !all CAM *ro!essor: open?!reate
!orresponing /oar &ile E=)A-$ !ommanF.
Loa: remo,e: or !reate a ne# s!hemati! sheet.
%S-
Sele!t li/raries #hi!h #ill /e ta8en into !onsieration /y the A$$ ialog. Can
also /e one #ith the 2ibrary/1se menu item or /y !li!8ing the mar8ers in
the 2ibraries /ran!h o& the Control *anelHs tree ,ie#. (he !onte2t menu o& the
entry 2ibraries or o& its su/&olers !ontains the entries 1se all an 1se none
&or a Kui!8 an simple sele!tion?esele!tion o& all li/raries Eo& the &olerF.
(his !omman has to /e use in s!ript &iles in orer to !hoose the li/rary you
#ant to ta8e parts &rom.
SC5(P'
E2e!ute a s!ript &ile. (his ena/les you to e2e!ute any !omman seKuen!e
#ith a &e# mouse !li!8s.
A right9!li!8 onto the i!on sho#s a list o& re!ently e2e!ute s!ript &iles.
5%1
Start a 'ser Language program E'L*F.
A right9!li!8 onto the i!on sho#s a menu that !ontains a list o& re!ently use
'ser Language *rograms.
)(123)
(hese i!ons represent i&&erent moes o& the WI"$)W !ommanC
%it ra#ing into the s!reen EWI"$)W %I(: Alt&3@F: Ioom in E3AF: Ioom out
E35F: rera# s!reen EWI"$)W or 3@F: sele!t ne# area.
!o move the current drawing window, clic the middle mouse button and
move your mouse)
53
/:#D;/ 2A"! returns to the previous display window$
%123>5-23
(hese !ommans allo# you to !an!el pre,ious !ommans an to e2e!ute
!ommans #hi!h ha,e pre,iously /een !an!elle. I& you are #or8ing #ith a
!onsistent pair o& s!hemati! an layout the '"$)?-E$) !ommans no#
isplay in the status /ar #hi!h !omman #as unone?reone an #hether
the !omman #as originally e2e!ute in the /oar or in the s!hemati! eitor.
$e&ault &un!tion 8eysC 3M an 34-.
(yping /9: ,$ST into the !omman line opens a ialog that !ontains the
entire !ontents o& the uno /u&&er. Alternati,ely you !an use the
Edit/1ndo/redo list$$. menu. >ere you !an uno a !ertain num/er o& a!tions
an let them reo again.
(he 1ndo/Redo #ino# sho#s the list o& re!ent a!tions. In parenthesis you
&in in&ormation ho# long ago this #as one. 'se the mouse: the up?down
8eys or the 1ndo an Redo /uttons in orer to pla!e the elimiter. Cli!8 ; in
!ase you are sure you #ant to ha,e unone all the a!tions liste /elo# the
elimiter.
*aution: !his is a very powerful tool) Ey going all the way bac in the
1#D; list <which can be done with a single mouse clic= and e.ecuting
any new command, the undo buffer will be truncated at that point, and
there is no way bac) "o use this with care)
Stop (con
(erminates the e2e!ution o& EAGLE !ommans EEdit/"top commandF.
54
Undo.redo list
.o (con
Starts the e2e!ution o& an a!ti,e EAGLE !omman: #hi!h allo#s &urther
parameters to /e entere /y the user: li8e it is #ith the A'() or the MA-@
!omman.
'he Command 'oolar of 'he Schematic -ditor
(1#3
Sho#s the properties o& the sele!te o/<e!t. I& you 8no# the name o& the
o/<e!t: you !an use it as a parameter in the !omman line. $epening on the
sele!te o/<e!t some o& the properties !an /e altere in this ialog.
SH3)
>ighlights the o/<e!t to /e sele!te #ith the mouse.
ItHs also possi/le to enter the o/<e!tHs or GateHs name Ee,en se,eral names at
on!eF in the !omman line. +ou may use the !hara!ters ! an ; as
#il!ars: as #ell. *trl I S>)W toggles the sho# state o& the sele!te o/<e!t.
I& you are loo8ing &or ,ery small o/<e!ts: it !an /e use&ul to use the S>)W
!omman #ith the N option: li8e in
S3:" < C1=%
(he lo!ation o& part *4@ #ill /e re!ogniIe at on!e: /e!ause the part is
mar8e #ith a surrouning &rame.
I& the sear!he o/<e!t is not lo!ate on the !urrent sheet: the "B;/ #ino#
opens an in&orms you a/out the sheet #here it is lo!ate. In !ase o& o/<e!ts
that !onsist o& more than one part: li8e elements #ith se,eral gates or nets
that sprea o,er se,eral sheets: the #ino# #ill list se,eral entries. Cli!8ing
on one o& the entries !enter the sele!te o/<e!t on the s!reen. I& the sear!he
o/<e!t is not &oun in the #hole s!hemati!: the "heet !olumn #ill /e mar8e
#ith a minus sign H9H.
2(SP/&4
Sele!t an esele!t the layers to /e isplaye. See the Appendi. &or the
meaning o& the layers
$IS*LA+ LAS( sho#s the re!ently use layer !om/ination that #as
pre,iously sele!te &or isplay.
%or &urther etails please see help &un!tion.
55
*&5?
(he &ollo#ing mouse !li!8 e&ines the ne# origin &or the !oorinate isplay.
-elati,e !oorinates <R .&value y&value= an polar ,alues <P radius angle= are
sho#n in aition to a/solute !oorinates in the !oorinate isplay /o2. I&
you &irst !li!8 the MA-@ i!on an then the tra&&i!9light i!on: only the a/solute
!oorinate ,alues #ill /e isplaye again.
*39-
Mo,e any ,isi/le o/<e!t. (he right mouse /utton rotates the o/<e!t #hile it is
atta!he to the mouse !ursor.
I& you mo,e a net o,er a pin: no ele!tri!al !onne!tion #ill /e esta/lishe. I&
you mo,e the pin o& a Gate o,er a net or another pin: an ele!tri!al !onne!tion
#ill /e !reate.
(o mo,e groups o& o/<e!tsC
$e&ine the group #ith the G-)'* !omman: !li!8 the M)6E i!on: press the
*trl 8ey: then !li!8 into the ra#ing #ith the right mouse /utton: an mo,e it
to the esire lo!ation.
I& you onHt press the *trl 8ey: the !onte2t menu pops up a&ter !li!8ing #ith
the right mouse /utton. It !ontains an entry Move:%roup that allo#s you to
mo,e the group: too. (he right mouse /utton rotates the group /y 90 egrees
#hile it is atta!he to the mouse !ursor.
I& you li8e to mo,e the group onto another sheet: !li!8 the sheet !om/o /o2
in the a!tion tool/ar or sele!t it &rom the Sheets pre,ie#. *la!e the group
there.
M)6E !an /e use in the !omman line #ith ,arious options. See the help
&un!tion &or etails.
C3P4
Copy parts an other o/<e!ts.
When !opying nets an /uses the names are retaine: /ut in all other !ases a
ne# name is assigne.
@eep the *trl 8ey presse #hile !li!8ing onto an o/<e!t an the o/<e!t #ill /e
gra//e at its origin. So it #ill /e mo,e into the !urrently !hosen gri.
C)*+ !an /e use #ith groups. (he group #ill /e put into the !lip/oar o&
the operating system. It is possi/le to !opy it into another running EAGLE
program: &or e2ample.
*(5535
Mirror o/<e!ts.
56
53'&'-
-otate o/<e!ts /y 90 egrees Ealso possi/le #ith M)6EF.
.53%P
$e&ine a group #hi!h !an then /e mo,e: rotate: or !opie #ith C)*+ an
*AS(E to another ra#ing or #hose properties are to /e !hange. A&ter the
i!on has /een !li!8e: a re!tangular group !an /e e&ine /y holing o#n
the le&t mouse /utton an ragging the !ursor to the iagonal !orner o& the
re!tangle. I& you #ant to e&ine a group /y a polygon: use the le&t mouse
/utton to etermine the !orners o& the polygon. (hen !li!8 the right mouse
/utton to !lose the polygon.
G-)'* ALL in the !omman line sele!ts all o/<e!ts on the !urrent sheet: i&
the respe!ti,e layers are isplaye.
(he &ollo#ing !omman E-)(A(E: C>A"GE: M)6E...F has to /e applie to
the group #ith the right mouse /utton #hile the 8ey is presse.
I& you li8e to a &urther groups to an alreay e2isting one: press the "hift
8ey an e&ine the &irst !orner o& the sele!tion area #ith a mouse !li!8.
In !ase you #ant to a an o/<e!t to or remo,e it &rom the group: press the
*trl 8ey an !li!8 onto the o/<e!t in Kuestion.
*ress *trl S "hift to toggle the mem/ership o& an o/<e!t an its hierar!hi!ally
superior o/<e!tsC Cli!8ing &or e2ample: on a net segment in the S!hemati!
in,erts the group mem/ership o& the #hole net.
CH&1.-
Change the properties o& an o/<e!t: e.g. the #ith o& a line: the *a!8age
,ariant or the siIe o& te2t. See help &or etails.
An o/<e!tHs properties !an /e !he!8e an e,en !hange: #here appli!a/le: /y
the 7roperties entry o& the !onte2t menu. (o a!!ess the !onte2t menu: !li!8
onto the o/<e!t #ith the right mouse /utton.
P&S'-
Insert o/<e!ts &rom the paste /u&&er into the ra#ing.
It is also possi/le to paste &rom a &ile into s!hemati! an layout ire!tly. (o o
so: use the *AS(E !omman #ith a &ile name in the !omman line or use the
menu entry Edit/7aste from$$.
%or &urther in&ormation see help &un!tion.
2-/-'-
$elete ,isi/le o/<e!ts.
Also in !om/ination #ith G-)'* !omman. I& a group has /een e&ine: it
!an /e elete #ith the right mouse /utton #hile the *trl 8ey is presse.
57
(he $ELE(E !omman eletes an entire part in the S!hemati! #hen !li!8ing
onto a Gate #ith the "hift 8ey presse. In that !ase: the tra!8s !onne!te to
the *a!8age in the /oar: i& alreay e2isting: #ill stay un!hange.
Cli!8ing onto a net or /us #ire #ith the "hift 8ey presse eletes the entire
net or /us segment.
&22
A li/rary elements to the s!hemati!. A sear!h &un!tion helps $e,i!es to /e
&oun Kui!8ly. 'SE spe!i&ies #hi!h li/raries are a,aila/le.
A right9!li!8 onto the A$$ i!on opens a popup menu that lists re!ently
&et!he $e,i!es.
P(1S)&P
S#ap t#o nets !onne!te to eKui,alent pins o& a $e,i!e: pro,ie the pins
ha,e /een e&ine #ith the same S#aple,el.
.&'-S)&P
S#ap t#o eKui,alent Gates o& a $e,i!e: pro,ie the Gates ha,e /een e&ine
#ith the same S#aple,el. In EAGLE terminology: a Gate is a part o& a $e,i!e
#hi!h !an /e ini,iually pla!e on a s!hemati! Ee.g. one transistor &rom a
transistor arrayF.
5-P/&C-
-epla!e a !omponent E$e,i!eF #ith another one &rom any li/rary. (his !an
only #or8 i& the ne# !omponent has at least as many pins as the !urrent one
an the pins as #ell as the pas ha,e ienti!al names or the same positions.
A right9!li!8 onto this i!on opens a popup menu that sho#s a list o& re!ently
repla!e $e,i!es.
1&*-
Gi,e names to !omponents: nets: or /uses.
9&/%-
*ro,ie ,alues &or !omponents. Integrate !ir!uits normally get the type Ee.g.
50LS00"F as their ,alue.
A right9!li!8 onto this i!on opens a list o& alreay use ,alues. Sele!t an entry
an apply it to one or more !omponents /y !li!8ing onto them su!!essi,ely.
58
S*&SH
Separate name: ,alue: an: i& any: attri/ute te2ts &rom a $e,i!e: so that they
!an /e pla!e ini,iually. (he siIe o& eta!he EsmasheF te2ts !an also /e
ini,iually !hange. Also in !om/ination #ith G-)'*. I& a group is e&ine:
you !an smash it #ith a right mouse !li!8 #hile the *trl 8ey is presse.
'se $ELE(E to hie smashe te2ts.
@eep the "hift 8ey presse #hile using the SMAS> !omman in orer to
unsmash te2t. (e2t is not eita/le any more an appears at original
positionEsF a&ter a #ino# re&resh Ealso possi/le in the !onte2t menu #ith
un"mashF.
Alternati,ely you !an also s#it!h on or o&& the option "mashed in the !onte2t
menuHs 7roperties entry.
*('-5
-oun o&& or /e,el #ire <oints Ealso possi/le &or nets: /uses: polygon
!ontoursF. (he grae o& mitering is etermine /y the miter raius. *ositi,e
sign results in a roune <oint: negati,e sign in a /e,el.
(he miter raius in&luen!es some #ire /ens: too Esee help &un!tionC SE(
!omman: /ireDEendF.
SP/('
Insert an angle into a #ire or net.
(193?-
$e,i!es that !onsist o& more than one Sym/ols EGatesF !an /e &et!he Gate /y
Gate: &or e2ample in !ertain orer EGate $ /e&ore Gate CF: i& #ante.
I"6)@E !an also /e use to &et!h po#er supply Gates that o not appear
automati!ally in the S!hemati!. (his is use&ul an reKuire: &or e2ample:
#hen you are aing e!oupling !apa!itors to your esign.
(his !omman allo#s you also to a a Gate &rom a $e,i!e #hi!h is lo!ate
on another sheet. In su!h a !ase: type the name o& the $e,i!e Ee.g. IC1F into
the !omman line a&ter the I"6)@E !omman has /een sele!te.
)(5-
$ra# line Ethis !omman is !alle WI-E /e!ause it is use to e&ine ele!tri!al
!onne!tions: i.e. #ires: in the Layout EitorF. (he type o& line !an /e !hange
#ith C>A"GE S(+LE. Cli!8ing the right mouse /utton !hanges the /en
moe ESE( WI-EL=E"$F.
WI-E !an also /e use to ra# ar!s.
59
*lease note the parti!ularities in !om/ination #ith the *trl an "hift 8ey in
the help &un!tionC
I& you press: &or e2ample: the *trl 8ey #hile starting to ra# a #ire: the #ire
/egins e2a!tly at the en o& an alreay e2isting #ire near/y. E,en i& this #ire
is not in the !urrently set gri. Wire #ith: style an layer #ill /e aopte
&rom the alreay e2isting #ire.
'-8'
*la!ing te2t.
(e2t siIe: thi!8ness o& the lines &or ,e!tor &ont te2ts: the alignment an the
&ont !an /e e&ine in the parameter tool/ar o& the (E4( !omman. In !ase
the te2t is alreay pla!e in your ra#ing you !an ma8e theses !hanges ,ia
the *roperties entry o& the !onte2t menu or ,ia the i&&erent options o& the
C>A"GE !omman E"i(e: Ratio: Align: 3ontF.
+ou !an !hange la/el te2ts /y assigning a i&&erent name to the /us or to a
net /y means o& the "AME !omman. See also LA=EL !omman.
C(5C/-
$ra# a !ir!le. Cir!les #ith a #ith o& 0 are ra#n as &ille !ir!les.
&5C
$ra# an ar! Ealso possi/le #ith WI-EF.
C>A"GE CA* %LA( T -)'"$ e&ines straight or roune ens &or ar!s.
5-C'
$ra# a re!tangle.
P3/4.31
$ra# a polygon E!opper areas in any shapeF.
B%S
$ra# a /us line. (he meaning o& a /us is more !on!eptual than physi!al. It is
only a means to ma8e a s!hemati! easier to rea. )nly nets e&ine an
ele!tri!al !onne!tion. "ets: ho#e,er: !an /e ragge out o& a /us.
1-'
$ra# a net. "ets #ith the same name are !onne!te Ee,en i& lo!ate on
i&&erent sheetsF.
60
"ets an pins #hi!h appear to the eye to /e !onne!te are not ne!essarily
ele!tri!ally !onne!te. *lease !he!8 #ith the S>)W !omman: the E-C: or /y
e2porting a netlist or pinlist EE4*)-( "E(LIS( or *A-(LIS(F. See also the
help &or M)6E.
<%1C'(31
*la!e the sym/ol &or a net !onne!tion. In general: <un!tions are pla!e
automati!ally: /ut nets #hi!h !ross o,er !an also /e <oine manually /y the
;'"C(I)" !omman.
/&B-/
*la!e the name o& a /us or net as a la/el. La/els !annot /e !hange #ith
C>A"GE (E4( /ut rather #ith the "AME !omman /e!ause the la/el
represents the net name.
I& the la/el option HRE3 Ein the parameter tool/ar or /y C>A"GE 4-E% )"F
is set: a !ross re&eren!e pointing to an &urther instan!e o& the !hosen net on
the ne2t sheet is generate automati!ally.
(he !ross re&eren!e la/el &ormat !an /e e&ine in the menu
;ptions/"et/Misc: Href label format$ See the help &un!tion o& the LA=EL
!omman &or the meaning o& the pla!eholers that !an /e use.
%or a proper lo!ation o& the o/<e!t you shoul use a ra#ing &rame #ith
!lassi&i!ations &or !olumns an ro#s. Su!h &rames !an /e e&ine #ith the
%-AME !omman. (he li/rary frames$lbr alreay !ontains su!h &rames.
&''5(B%'-
$e&ines an attri/ute &or a !omponent. Attri/utes are &ree e&ina/le an !an
!ontain any in&ormation.
(hrough the menu Edit/%lobal attributes$$ you !an e&ine attri/utes that are
,ali &or all !omponents respe!ti,ely &or the #hole s!hemati!.
2(*-1S(31
Can /e use to ra# imension lines.
It is possi/le to imension o/<e!ts ra#n in the s!hemati! or you !an start
imensioning at any position in the s!hemati! #ith Ctrl S le&t mouse !li!8.
-5C
*er&orm an Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 an a !onsisten!y !he!8 &or s!hemati! an
/oar: i& alreay e2isting. A positi,e !onsisten!y !he!8 allo#s the
%or#arD=a!8 Annotation engine to run.
61
Commands 1ot &vailale in the Command 'oolar
Menu items alreay e2plaine in the Control *anel se!tion are not is!usse
here.
(he &ollo#ing !ommans !an /e entere into the !omman line as te2t
inputs. Some o& them are a,aila/le as menu items. Most o& them !an /e use
in the S!hemati! an in the Layout an e,en in the Li/rary Eitor.
&SS(.1
Assign &un!tion 8eys.
(he most !on,enient #ay o& oing this is to use the ;ptions/Assign menu.
C/&SS
Sele!t an e&ine net !lasses EEdit/#et classes$$$F. A net !lass spe!i&ies the
#ith o& a tra!8: the !learan!e &rom neigh/ouring signals: an the iameter
o& ,ias &or the Autorouter an the -)'(E !omman. (hese settings are also
use in polygons. See also page 120.
C/3S-
(e2t !omman &or !losing an eitor #ino# E3ile/*loseF.
C%'
(rans&er the o/<e!ts o& a pre,iously e&ine group into the paste /u&&er.
A!ti,ate the C'( !omman an !li!8 #ith the le&t mouse /utton into the
group to set a re&eren!e point. *AS(E inserts the group into the ra#ing.
Sin!e ,ersion 3 this approa!h has /een repla!e /y the ne# &un!tionality o&
the C)*+ !omman. %urther in&ormation a/out C'( an C)*+ !an /e &oun
in the help &un!tionC Editor commands/*1!.
-2('
(e2t !omman &or loaing a &ile or a li/rary o/<e!t. +ou !an: &or instan!e:
loa a /oar &rom the S!hemati! Eitor EE$I( name./rF.
#5&*-
$e&ine a ra#ing &rame &or the S!hemati! EDraw/3rameF. Also possi/le &or a
/oar ra#ing.
-8P35'
)utput lists Eespe!ially netlistsF: ire!tories: s!ript &iles: or images
E3ile/E.port$$$F.
/&4-5
Choose or e&ine the ra#ing layer. When using ra#ing !ommans the
layer !an /e !hosen in the parameter tool/ar.
(o !reate: &or e2ample: a ne# layer #ith num/er @-- an layer name
Mylayer: type in the !omman lineC
62
,*5E# =00 Mylayer
In !ase you !reate a Layout: &or e2ample: #ith the EAGLE Light Eition an
upgrae to the Stanar Eition /e!ause you #oul li8e to use t#o
aitional inner signal layers: you ha,e to !reate these layers #ith the LA+E-
!omman &irstC
,*5E# = #oute=
,*5E# 1> #oute1>
*-1%
Spe!i&ies the !ontents o& the te2t menu. "o# it is lo!ate right ne2t to the
a!tion tool/ar an !an hanle small images: as #ell. See also the e2ample in
the appeni2. (he te2t menu !an /e mae ,isi/le #ith the ai o&
;ptions/1ser :nterface. See help &un!tion &or etails.
3P-1
(e2t !omman &or opening a li/rary &or eiting E2ibrary/;penF. (his
!omman is not ienti!al to the 3ile/;pen menu item o& the S!hemati!
Eitor: #hi!h only lets you sele!t s!hemati!s. +ou !an use the )*E"
!omman as an alternati,e to the 3ile menu o& the Control *anel.
P&C?&.-
In !ase there is more than one *a!8age ,ariant e&ine in the li/rary &or a
part E$e,i!eF: a typi!al e2ample #oul /e a resistor &rom rcl$lbr: it is possi/le
to !hange the !urrently use *a!8age #ith the *AC@AGE or #ith the
C>A"GE *AC@AGE !omman. (his !an /e one in the S!hemati! or in the
Layout Eitor.
P5(1'
Call up the print ialog #ith the printer i!on in the a!tion tool/ar or
&rom the menu item 3ile/7rint$$$. 'sually the *-I"( !omman is use to print
s!hemati!s or &or !he!8ing the ra#ings neee &or the *C= prou!tion.
(he a!tual prou!tion ata are generate #ith the CAM *ro!essor.
I& you #ant to output your ra#ing in /la!8 an #hite !he!8 the Elac option
Ean "olid: i& you onHt #ant layers to /e printe in their i&&erent &ill stylesF.
(he !aption te2t is suppresse unless you !he!8 *aption. Set 7age limit to 1: i&
your ra#ing is to /e &itte on one page. I& you pre&er to print the !urrently
,isi/le ra#ing #ino# instea o& the #hole ra#ing: sele!t /indow instea
o& 3ull in the Area option.
@%('
Auit EAGLE. Ienti!al #ith the menu item 3ile/E.it or Alt&H.
5-*39-
$elete &iles or s!hemati! sheets.
#EM:7E .S? @
63
&or instan!e: eletes sheet . o& the loae s!hemati!.
S-'
Set system parameters an moes. =est one ,ia the ;ptions/"et menu item.
*lease note that not all o& the possi/ilities are a,aila/le through this ialog.
*resettings !an /e e&ine in the s!ript &ile eagle$scr /y using te2t !ommans.
%urther in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion.
'-CH13/3.4
I& a part E$e,i!eF has /een e&ine #ith ,arious te!hnologies in the li/rary:
see typi!al e2amples in O5..$lbr: it is possi/le to !hange the !urrently use
te!hnology #ith the (EC>")L)G+ or #ith the C>A"GE (EC>")L)G+
!omman. (his !an /e one in the S!hemati! or in the Layout Eitor.
%P2&'-
(he '*$A(E !omman !he!8s the parts in a /oar or s!hemati! against their
respe!ti,e li/rary o/<e!ts an automati!ally upates them i& they are
i&&erent. E2ibrary/1pdate$$$ or 2ibrary/1pdate allF.
(he !onte2t menu in the Control *anelHsH tree ,ie# o&&ers the )ptions 1se all
an 1se none &or a Kui!8 sele!tion o& li/raries.
9&5(&1'
(his !omman o&&ers the possi/ility to e&ine i&&erent assem/ly ,ariants o& a
pro<e!t. It opens a ialog that allo#s to e!ie a/out !omponents to /e
assem/le or not: or a/out i&&erent ,alues or te!hnologies o& the !omponents
use in the i&&erent ,ariants o& the pro<e!t. (his &un!tion !an /e rea!he
through the Edit/Assembly variants menu or /y typing the !omman
6A-IA"( into the !omman line o& the S!hemati! or the Layout eitor.
%urther in&ormation #ill /e gi,en in !hapter 3.7 /eginning #ith page 159.
)5('-
(e2t !omman &or sa,ing the !urrently loae &ile. *lease note that: in
!ontrast to "ave as: the name o& the !urrently eite &ile is ne,er !hange
#hen the W-I(E !omman is use.
*ouse ?e0s
(he mile an right mouse /utton ha,e a spe!ial meaning &or a num/er o&
!ommans. +ou !an use the mile mouse /utton only i& the operating
system 8no#s your mouse is a .9/utton mouse: that is your mouse must /e
installe this #ay.
I& you are #or8ing #ith a #heel mouse: you !an Ioom into an out o& the
ra#ing #ith the help o& the mouse #heel. (he option Mouse wheel (oom in
the ;ptions/1ser :nterface menu etermines the Iooming in?out &a!tor per
step. (he ,alue is set to 1.2 /y e&ault.
Sele!ting a ,alue o& 0 allo#s you to use the #heel &or s!rolling.
@eep the mouse #heel or the mile mouse /utton presse &or panning.
64
Mouse !li!8s in !om/ination #ith the "hift: *trl: an Alt 8ey !an ha,e ,arious
&un!tions: &or e2ample: #hile sele!ting o/<e!ts #ith M)6E or #hile ra#ing
lines #ith WI-E.
(he help se!tion on 'eyboard and Mouse an the help o& the re&erring
!omman gi,es you more etails.
Selectin, 1ei,hourin, 3=ects
I& one o& t#o o/<e!ts #hi!h are ,ery !lose together is to /e sele!te: the
ini,iual o/<e!ts are highlighte one a&ter the other. (he user !an sele!t the
highlighte o/<e!t #ith the le&t mouse /utton: or pro!ee to the ne2t one
#ith the right mouse /utton. (he status /ar o& the eitor #ino# sho#s
in&ormation a/out the pre9sele!te o/<e!t. See also help &un!tion ESE(
!omman: SELEC(L%AC()-F.
6.$ 'he /a0out -ditor )indow
(he Layout Eitor #ino# opens #hen you open an e2isting /oar &ile or
!reate a ne# /oar. I& you o#n the S!hemati! Eitor you #ill normally ra#
a s!hemati! &irst an then generate the /oar &ile #ith the =)A-$ !omman:
or /y !li!8ing the Eoard i!on.
(he Layout Eitor #ino# appears ,ery mu!h li8e the S!hemati! Eitor
#ino#. E,en i& you onHt #or8 #ith the S!hemati! Eitor: you shoul stuy
the pre,ious se!tion: as most o& the in&ormation there applies to the Layout
Eitor: too.
65
Lao!t Editor #indo#
)nly the !ommans in the !omman tool/ar are is!usse again: as some
!ommans i&&er in their use.
$es!riptions o& !ommans that !annot /e rea!he through the !omman
tool/ar are also to /e &oun in the se!tion !on!erning the S!hemati! Eitor
#ino#. All o& the !ommans !an also /e rea!he through the pull9o#n
menus in the menu /ar. (his also applies: o& !ourse: to the S!hemati! an
Layout Eitor #ino#s.
'he Commands on the /a0out Command 'oolar
(1#3
Sho#s the properties o& the sele!te o/<e!t. (yping $/8: $C1 in the
!omman line results in the properties ialog o& the o/<e!t name IC1.
$epening on the sele!te o/<e!t some o& the properties !an /e altere here.
SH3)
>ighlights the o/<e!t to /e sele!te #ith the mouse.
ItHs also possi/le to enter the o/<e!tHs name Ee,en se,eral names at on!eF in
the !omman line. ! an ; are allo#e to /e use as #il!ars: as #ell.
*trl S S>)W toggles the sho# state o& the sele!te o/<e!t.
2(SP/&4
Sele!t an esele!t the layers to /e isplaye. Components on the top sie o&
the /oar !an only /e sele!te i& the layer 2.: t;rigins: is isplaye. (he same
applies to !omponents on the /ottom sie o& the /oar an layer 20: b;rigins.
See Appendi. &or the meaning o& the layers.
(he $IS*LA+ !omman supports so9!alle aliases. (his allo#s you to name
!ertain !om/inations o& layers an use it as a parameter #ith the LA+E-
!omman. A Kui!8 !hange &rom one ,ie# to another layer !om/ination is
possi/le #ith this !omman.
$IS*LA+ LAS( s#it!hes to the last isplaye layer !om/ination.
66
4$3 -he 5a/out E"itor %in"o(
!he D:"72AK menu shows only those layers defined in the 2ayer "etup of
the Design Rules)
%urther in&ormation a/out $IS*LA+ !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion.
*&5?
(he &ollo#ing mouse !li!8 e&ines the ne# origin &or the !oorinate isplay.
-elati,e !oorinates <R .&value y&value= an polar ,alues <P radius angle= are
sho#n in aition to a/solute !oorinates in the !oorinate isplay /o2.
I& you &irst !li!8 the MA-@ i!on an then the tra&&i!9light i!on: only the
a/solute !oorinate ,alues #ill /e isplaye again.
*39-
Mo,e any ,isi/le o/<e!t. (he right mouse /utton rotates the o/<e!t.
(he M)6E !omman !annot !onne!t signals e,en i& a #ire Etra!eF is mo,e
o,er another #ire or a pa. 'se -)'(E or WI-E to route signals.
67
The Displa "en!
Change laer properties
@eeping the *trl 8ey presse #hile sele!ting an o/<e!t sele!ts it in a parti!ular
manner. *lease !onsult the help &un!tion &or etails EC-ICLE: A-C: WI-E:
M)6E: -)'(E et!.F.
%or mo,ing groups: please see M;VE in the S!hemati! Eitor se!tion.
C3P4
Copy parts an other o/<e!ts.
When !opying o/<e!ts: a ne# name #ill /e assigne: /ut the ,alue #ill /e
retaine. When !opying a single #ire: the !opy #ill ha,e the same name.
@eep the *trl 8ey presse #hile !li!8ing onto an o/<e!t an the o/<e!t #ill /e
gra//e at its origin. So it #ill /e pla!e in the !urrently !hosen gri.
C)*+ !an /e use #ith groups. (he group #ill /e put into the !lip/oar o&
the operating system. It is possi/le to !opy it into another EAGLE program:
&or e2ample.
*(5535
Mirror o/<e!ts. Components !an /e pla!e on the opposite sie o& the /oar
/y using the MI--)- !omman.
53'&'-
-otate o/<e!ts Ealso possi/le #ith M)6EF. @eep the le&t mouse /utton presse
to rotate the sele!te o/<e!t /y mo,ing the mouse. (he parameter tool/ar
sho#s the !urrent angle. (his !an /e one #ith groups EG-)'* an right
mouse /uttonFas #ell.
-)(A(E !an /e use #ith groups: as #ell. A!ti,ate -)(A(E: press the *trl
8ey an !li!8 #ith the right mouse /utton into the ra#ing to set the !enter
o& rotation. (he group #ill /e rotate !ounter!lo!8#ise /y the gi,en angle.
Alternati,ely type in the angle in the Angle /o2 or in the !omman line.
$etails a/out the synta2 !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion.
.53%P
$e&ine a group #hi!h !an then /e mo,e: rotate: or !opie #ith C)*+ an
*AS(E to another ra#ing or #hose properties shoul /e !hange. A&ter
!li!8ing the i!on: a re!tangular group !an /e e&ine /y holing o#n the le&t
mouse /utton an ragging the !ursor to the iagonal !orner o& the
re!tangle: or i& you #ant to e&ine a non9re!tangular group area: use the le&t
mouse /utton to etermine the !orners o& the polygon. (hen !li!8 the right
mouse /utton to !lose the polygon.
G-)'* ALL in the !omman line sele!ts all o/<e!ts.
68
(o /e sure that all o/<e!ts are sele!te $IS*LA+ ALL layers /e&ore. )n the
other han: esele!ting spe!i&i! layers !an e2!lue !ertain o/<e!ts &rom the
sele!tion.
%urther in&ormation a/out G-)'* !an /e &oun in the se!tion a/out the
S!hemati! Eitor an in the help &un!tion.
CH&1.-
Change the properties o& an o/<e!t: &or e2ample the #ith o& a #ire or the
siIe o& a te2t. I& the Esc 8ey is presse a&ter !hanging a property: the
pre,iously use ,alue menu #ill appear again. In this #ay a ne# ,alue !an /e
!on,eniently !hosen. See also the help &un!tion.
Alternati,ely: o/<e!t properties !an /e ,ie#e an some o& them e,en
!hange #ith the !onte2t menuHs 7roperties entry. (he !onte2t menu opens
a&ter a right mouse !li!8 onto the o/<e!t.
P&S'-
Insert o/<e!ts &rom the paste /u&&er.
'se the menu Edit/7aste from$$$ in orer to paste a #hole layout Ean
s!hemati!: i& a,aila/leF into your !urrent ra#ing. See help &or &urther
in&ormation.
2-/-'-
$elete ,isi/le o/<e!ts.
I& a group has /een e&ine: it !an /e elete #ith the right mouse /utton
#hile the *trl 8ey is presse.
$ELE(E SIG"ALS in the !omman line erases all tra!8s an signals in the
layout: pro,ie there is no !onsistent s!hemati! loae.
(he $ELE(E !omman eletes an entire polygon #hen !li!8ing on a polygon
#ire #ith the "hift 8ey presse.
@eeping the *trl 8ey presse #hile !li!8ing #ith the le&t mouse /utton on a
#ire /en #ill elete the /en. A ne# ire!t !onne!tion /et#een the ne2t
/ens #ill /e ra#n no#.
I& o/<e!ts !annot /e elete: the reason !an lie #ith error polygons relate to
the $-C !omman. (hey !an /e elete #ith the E--)-S !omman
EE--)-S CLEA-F. I& layer 2.: t;rigins: or 20: b;rigins: is not isplaye:
!omponents !annot /e elete.
&22
A li/rary elements to the ra#ing. It o&&ers a !on,enient sear!h &un!tion
&or *a!8ages here. 'SE spe!i&ies #hi!h li/raries are a,aila/le.
69
A right9!li!8 onto the A$$ i!on opens a popup menu that !ontains a list o&
re!ently pla!e $e,i!es.
P(1S)&P
S#ap t#o signals !onne!te to eKui,alent pas o& a !omponent: pro,ie the
pins ha,e /een e&ine #ith the same S#aple,el.
5-P/&C-
-epla!e a !omponent Eor a *a!8age: i& there is no s!hemati!F /y another one
&rom any li/rary.
I& you #ant to !hange the *a!8age ,ariant only an not the #hole $e,i!e: use
C>A"GE *AC@AGE or the *AC@AGE !omman.
A right9!li!8 onto the -E*LACE i!on opens a popup menu that sho#s a list o&
re!ently repla!e !omponents.
/3C?
Lo!8s the position an orientation o& a !omponent on the /oar. I& a
!omponent is lo!8e: you !anHt mo,e it or upli!ate it #ith C'( an *AS(E.
"hift I L)C@ unlo!8s the !omponent. (his is also possi/le #ith the un2oc
entry o& the !onte2t menu.
(o /e a/le to istinguish lo!8e &rom unlo!8e !omponents: the origin !ross
o& a lo!8e !omponent is isplaye li8e a H)H instea o& a HSH.
(he position o& a lo!8e !omponent !an /e !hange: ho#e,er: /y typing in
ne# !oorinate ,alues in the properties ialog.
1&*-
Gi,e names to !omponents: signals: ,ias: an polygons.
With "AME itHs possi/le to mo,e a polygon &rom one signal to another.
9&/%-
*ro,ie ,alues &or !omponents. A resistor: &or e2ample: gets 4-- as its
,alue. A right9!li!8 onto this i!on opens a list o& alreay use ,alues. Sele!t
an entry an apply it to one or more !omponents /y !li!8ing onto them
su!!essi,ely.
S*&SH
Separate name: ,alue: an attri/ute Ei& anyF te2ts &rom a $e,i!e: so that they
!an /e pla!e ini,iually. (he siIe o& eta!he EsmasheF te2ts !an also /e
ini,iually !hange.
70
Also in !om/ination #ith G-)'*. I& a group is e&ine: you !an smash it #ith
a right mouse !li!8 #hile the *trl 8ey is presse.
'se the $ELE(E !omman to hie smashe te2ts.
@eep the "hift 8ey presse #hile using the SMAS> !omman in orer to
unsmash te2ts. (hey are not eita/le any more an appear at their original
positions a&ter a #ino# re&resh Ealso possi/le #ith un"mash in the !onte2t
menuF.
Alternati,ely you !an s#it!h on or o&& the option "mashed in the !onte2t
menuHs 7roperties entry.
*('-5
-oun o&& or /e,el #ire <oints Ealso possi/le &or polygon !ontoursF. (he grae
o& mitering is etermine /y the miter raius. *ositi,e sign results in a
roune <oint: negati,e sign in a /e,el.
(he miter raius in&luen!es some #ire /en moes: too Esee help &un!tionC
SE(: /ireDEendF.
SP/('
Insert a /en into a #ire.
I& you #ant to !hange: &or e2ample: the layer &or a se!tion o& an alreay
route tra!8: you !an insert t#o #ire /ens #ith the S*LI( !omman an
!hange the layer o& the ne#ly !reate segment #ith the C>A"GE LA+E-.
EAGLE #ill set ,ias automati!ally at the position o& the #ire /ens.
+ou !an use the S*LI( !omman &or a Kui!8 re9routing o& an alreay e2isting
tra!8. Cli!8 onto the tra!8 to insert a #ire /en. "o# mo,e the mouse an
route it ane#. (o remo,e the pre,ious tra!8 use the -I*'* !omman or
$ELE(E in !om/ination #ith the *trl 8ey.
3P'(*(A-
;oins #ire segments in a signal layer #hi!h lie in one straight line.
*-&12-5
$ra# meaners in orer to /alan!e the length o& signals: espe!ially o&
$i&&erential *airs. Can /e use &or measuring the length o& a signal: #hen
pressing the *trl 8ey.
53%'-
-oute signals manually. Air#ires are !on,erte to #ires. I& your EAGLE
li!ense !omes #ith the Autorouter moule: the -)'(E !omman supports
the %ollo#9me router moe #hi!h automati!ally pro!esses the tra!e o& a
sele!te signal.
71
(his !omman o&&ers se,eral options #ith the i&&erent mouse /uttons: also in
!om/ination #ith the *trl an "hift 8ey.
Ctrl > Le!t starts routing at any gi,en point along a #ire or ,ia
(hi!t > Le!t i& the air#ire /egins at an alreay e2isting #ire an
this #ire has a i&&erent #ith: the ne# #ire aopts
this #ith
Center sele!ts the layer
3i#ht !hanges the #ire /en style
(hi!t >3i#ht re,erses the ire!tion o& s#it!hing /en styles
Ctrl > 3i#ht toggles /et#een !orresponing /en styles
(hi!t > Le!t pla!es a ,ia at the en point o& the #ire
Ctrl > Le!t e&ines ar! raius #hen pla!ing a #ireHs en point
More in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion.
5(P%P
Con,ert route #ires Etra!8sF into unroute signals Eair#iresF. Change the
isplay o& &ille E!al!ulateF polygons to outline ,ie#.
'sing signal names in the !omman line allo#s you to ripup only !ertain
signals: to e2!lue parti!ular signals: or to e2e!ute the !omman e2!lusi,ely
&or polygons. More etails !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion.
Wires not !onne!te to !omponents must /e erase #ith $ELE(E.
)(5-
$ra# lines an ar!s. I& use in the layers 1 through 13: the WI-E !omman
!reates ele!tri!al !onne!tions.
(he "tyle parameter EC>A"GEF etermines the line type. (he $-C an the
Autorouter al#ays treat a WI-E as a !ontinuous line: regarless o& #hat "tyle
is use.
Cli!8ing the right mouse /utton !hanges the #ire /en ESE( WI-EL=E"$F.
*lease note the parti!ularities in !om/ination #ith the *trl an "hift 8ey in
the help &un!tionC
I& you press: &or e2ample: the *trl 8ey #hile starting to ra# a #ire: the #ire
/egins e2a!tly at the en o& an alreay e2isting #ire near/y. E,en i& this #ire
is not in the !urrently set gri. Wire #ith: style an layer #ill /e aopte
&rom the alreay e2isting #ire.
'-8'
*la!ing te2t. 'se C>A"GE SIBE to alter the height o& the te2t. I& the te2t is
using a ,e!tor &ont: C>A"GE -A(I) #ill alter the thi!8ness. C>A"GE (E4(
is use to alter the te2t itsel&. C>A"GE %)"( alters the type&a!e. C>A"GE
ALIG" e&ines the alignment Ethe lo!ation o& the originF o& the te2t.
(he option Always vector font E;ptions/1ser :nterfaceF sho#s an prints all
72
te2ts in ,e!tor &ont: regarless o& #hi!h &ont is a!tually set &or a parti!ular
te2t.
I& you #ant to ha,e in,erte te2t in a !opper layer: you ha,e to enter the te2t
in the layers 01: tRestrict, or 02: bRestrict: an ra# a !opper plane in !op or
Eottom layer aroun the te2t #ith the *)L+G)" !omman. (he polygon
8eeps the restri!te areas E#hi!h is the te2tF &ree &rom !opper.
:t is strongly recommended to write te.ts in copper layers as vector font)
"o you can be sure that the *AM 7rocessor6s output is identical with the
te.t shown in the 2ayout Editor$ "ee also help function$
C(5C/-
$ra# a !ir!le. (his !omman !reates restri!te areas &or the
Autorouter?%ollo#9me router: i& use in the layers 01: tRestrict: 02: bRestrict:
or 0.: vRestrict. Cir!les #ith #ire #ith O 0 are ra#n as &ille.
&5C
$ra# an ar! Ealso possi/le #ith WI-EF.
C>A"GE CA* %LA( T -)'"$ e&ines straight or roune ens &or ar!s.
I& the ar! is a part o& a tra!e an /oth ens are !onne!te to a #ire: !aps #ill
/e roun.
Ar!s #ith &lat !aps are emulate #hen generating manu&a!turing ata in
Ger/er &ormat #ith the CAM *ro!essor. (hat means they #ill /e ra#n #ith
small short straight lines. Ar!s #ith roun !aps #onHt /e emulate.
5-C'
$ra# a re!tangle. (his !omman !reates restri!te areas &or the Autorouter
or %ollo#9me router: i& use in the layers 01: tRestrict: 02: bRestrict: or 0.:
vRestrict.
P3/4.31
$ra# a !opper areas or restri!te areas in signal layers.
*olygons in the signal layers are treate as signals. (hey 8eep an a<usta/le
istan!e to o/<e!ts /elonging to other signals E!opper pouring: &loo &illF. (his
ena/les you to realiIe i&&erent signal areas on the same layer an ma8e
isolate regions &or your esign.
(he !ontour o& a polygon in the outline moe is isplaye as a otte line.
(he *)L+G)" !omman !reates restri!te areas &or the Autorouter?%ollo#9
me router: i& use in the layers tRestrict: bRestrict: or vRestrict$ %or other
possi/ilities o& the *)L+G)" !omman see help.
73
*olygons #ith spe!ial &ill style cutout !an /e use as restri!te areas &or signal
polygons in inner an outer layers. Su!h a polygon #ill /e su/tra!te &rom all
other signal polygons in the same layer. (he otte !ontour line #ill al#ays
/e ,isi/le. (he #ire #ith &or su!h a polygon may /e 0 as #ell.
9(&
*la!e a plate9through hole. 6ias are pla!e automati!ally i& the layer is
!hange uring the -)'(E !omman. +ou !an assign a ,ia to a signal #ith
the "AME !omman /y !hanging itHs name to the name o& the signal. 6ias
!an ha,e i&&erent shapes in the outer layers Eroun: sKuare: o!tagonF : /ut
are al#ays roun in inner layers.
S(.1&/
Manual e&inition o& a signal. (his is not possi/le i& the %or#arD=a!8
Annotation is a!ti,e. In that !ase you ha,e to e&ine the !onne!tion #ith the
"E( !omman in the S!hemati! Eitor.
H3/-
$e&ine a mounting hole Enot plate9throughF.
&''5(B%'-
$e&ines an attri/ute &or a !omponent.
(hrough the menu Edit/%lobal attributes$$ you !an e&ine attri/utes that are
,ali &or the #hole layout.
2(*-1S(31
Can /e use to a imensioning to the /oar. It !an either /e applie to an
o/<e!t or you !an ra# ar/itrary imensions. When you sele!t an o/<e!t
EAGLE sele!ts a suita/le imensioning type EdtypeF. I& it is not the one
neee: !li!8 the right mouse /utton to !hange it. I& you #ant to start at any
lo!ation in the ra#ing use *trl S le&t mouse !li!8.
(here are i&&erent imensioning typesC 7arallel: Bori(ontal: Vertical: Radius:
Diameter: Angle: an 2eader. Con&iguration o& imensioning lines: te2t siIe
units an so on !an /e &oun in the ;ptions/"et/Dimensions menu. %or
&urther in&ormation see help &un!tion.
5&'S1-S'
Cal!ulate the shortest air#ires possi/le an the real moe E&illeF isplay o&
polygons.
74
'se the -A(S"ES( !omman #ith a signal name in orer to !al!ulate an
isplay or hie a !ertain air#ire. A pre!eing e2!lamation mar8 hies the
air#ires o& the gi,en signal name. More in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help
&un!tion.
(he polygon !al!ulation !an /e ea!ti,ate #ith the SE( !omman. Either
through the menu ;ptions/"et/Misc or /y typing in the !omman lineC
SE( *)L+G)"L-A(S"ES( )" T )%% or in shortC SE( *)L+ )" T )%%.
-A(S"ES( #ill /e e2e!ute automati!ally &or the sele!te signal #hile
ra#ing a #ire #ith -)'(E.
While -A(S"ES( is a!ti,e the status /ar o& the Layout Eitor isplays the
name o& the !urrently !al!ulate signal.
&%'3
Start the Autorouter.
I& you type A'() %)LL)WME in the !omman line: the Autorouter "etup
#ino# opens in the &ollo#9me moe: #hi!h allo#s to set the parameters &or
the &ollo#9me router only.
-5C
*er&orm a !onsisten!y !he!8 &or s!hemati! an /oar.
25C
$e&ine $esign -ules an per&orm $esign -ule Che!8.
(yping $-C N into the !omman line opens the $esign -ules #ino# #here
you !an !he!8 an a<ust your settings an !lose the ialog #ino# again
#ithout starting the $esign -ule Che!8.
-5535S
Sho# errors &oun /y the $-C. I& you ha,enHt alreay pro!esse a $esign
-ule Che!8 &or the /oar: it #ill /e one automati!ally /e&ore sho#ing the
error list: i& there are any errors &oun.
!here are further commands for the 2ayout Editor, as they are in the
"chematic, that are not available in the *ommand Menu$ 7lease tae a
loo at the section beginning with page ,@$ Most of them are valid in
"chematic and 2ayout$
75
6.6 'he /irar0 -ditor )indow
(he Li/rary Eitor #ino# opens #hen you loa a li/rary &or !reating or
eiting !omponents. A li/rary normally has three i&&erent elementsC
*a!8ages: Sym/ols an $e,i!es.
A *a!8age is a $e,i!eHs housing: as #ill /e use in the Layout Eitor
Eon the /oarF.
(he Sym/ol !ontains the #ay in #hi!h the $e,i!e #ill /e sho#n in the
s!hemati!.
(he $e,i!e represents the lin8 /et#een one Eor moreF Sym/olEsF an
a *a!8age. >ere #e e&ine the !onne!tion /et#een a pin o& a Sym/ol
an the re&erring paEsF o& the *a!8age.
We !all it a $e,i!e set i& the !omponent e2ists in more than one
*a!8age an?or te!hnology ,ariant.
E,en i& you o not ha,e the S!hemati! Eitor: you !an still !reate an eit
Sym/ols an $e,i!es.
A li/rary nee not !ontain only real !omponents. Groun or supply sym/ols
as #ell as ra#ing &rames !an also /e store as $e,i!es in a li/rary. (hese
Sym/ols o not normally !ontain any pins.
(here are also li/raries that only !ontain *a!8ages. (hese li/raries !an only
/e use in the Layout Eitor.
E2tensi,e e2amples o& the e&inition o& li/rary elements are to /e &oun in a
se!tion entitle *omponent Design E.plained through E.amples: starting on
page 211 in this manual.
When a li/rary is loae the &ollo#ing #ino# appears &irstC
76
4$4 -he 5i&rar/ E"itor %in"o(
Librar Editor #indo#: -o ele"ent has et been loaded
/oad or 5ename Pac!a,e" S0mol" or 2evice
(he &ollo#ing !ommans are important &or na,igating #ithin a li/raryC
-2('
Loa $e,i!e or *a!8age Ei& you only ha,e the Layout EitorF &or eiting.
%rom the le&tC Loa $e,i!e: loa *a!8age: loa Sym/ol. (hese i!ons are
sho#n in the a!tion tool/ar.
I& you !li!8 on one o& these i!ons #ith the right mouse /utton: or long9!li!8
#ith the le&t mouse /utton on one o& theses i!ons: a list #ith the re!ently
eite o/<e!ts #ill pop up.
5-*39-
$elete $e,i!e?*a!8age?Sym/ol &rom li/rary. A,aila/le only through the
2ibrary menu or the !omman line. See help &un!tion or the !hapter a/out
2ibrary and 7art Management in this manual &or more.
77
5-1&*-
-ename $e,i!e?*a!8age?Sym/ol in li/rary. A,aila/le only through the
2ibrary menu or the !omman line. See help &un!tion or the !hapter a/out
2ibrary and 7art Management in this manual &or more.
'he Pac!a,e -ditin, *ode
(he e&inition o& a !omponent is es!ri/e /rie&ly /elo#. (here is a more
e2tensi,e guie in the *omponent Design E.plained through E.amples se!tion.
(he i!ons a,aila/le in the !omman tool/ar are eKui,alent to the ienti!al
i!ons o& the S!hemati! or Layout Eitor.
2esi,n 1ew Pac!a,e
+ou !hange into *a!8age eiting moe through the 7acage i!on in the
a!tion tool/ar. (ype in the name o& a pa!8age: an reply to the !on&irming
Kuestion *reate new pacage 6pacagename6P #ith yes.
*la!e pas Ethough9hole !onta!tsF or SM$s ESM$ !onta!t areasF #ith the
&ollo#ing !ommans #hi!h are only a,aila/le in the *a!8age Eitor.
P&2
*la!e the pa o& a !on,entional Ethrough9holeF !omponent.
(he pa !omes #ith a plate9through rill that goes through all signal layers.
(he pa shape !an /e roun: sKuare: o!tagon or long in the outer signal
layers. In the inner signal layers pas are al#ays roun.
S*2
*la!e a SM$ pa.
+ou !an !hange the name o& the pas or SM$s #ith the "AME !omman.
'se the WI-E: A-C: et!. !ommans to ra#
the sym/ol &or the sil8s!reen on layer 21: t7lace:
aitional graphi!al in&ormation &or the o!umentation print
into layer 11: tDocu.
$ra# restri!te areas &or the Autorouter: i& neee: in layers 01: tRestrict: 02:
bRestrict: or 0.: vRestrict: or in layers .9: t'eepout: or 00: b'eepout: /y using
the !ommans CI-CLE: -EC(: or *)L+G)".
*la!e mounting holes #ith the >)LE !omman: i& neee.
'se the (E4( !omman to pla!e
the string U"AME in layer 21: t#ames: ser,ing as a te2t ,aria/le
!ontaining the name o& the !omponent:
the string U6AL'E in layer 25: tValues: ser,ing as a te2t ,aria/le
!ontaining the ,alue o& the !omponent.
78
'se the $ESC-I*(I)" !omman to a a es!ription &or the *a!8age.
>(ML te2t &ormat !an /e use &or this. +ou #ill &in &urther in&ormation in
the help pages.
'he S0mol -ditin, *ode
$e&ining a Sym/ol means e&ining a part o& a $e,i!e #hi!h !an /e pla!e
ini,iually in a s!hemati!. In the !ase o& a 50L00 this !oul /e one "A"$
gate an the t#o po#er pins: e&ine as another Sym/ol. In the !ase o& a
resistor: the $e,i!e !ontains only one Sym/ol #hi!h is the representation o&
the resistor.
+ou no# !hange into Sym/ol eiting moe through the "ymbol i!on in
the a!tion tool/ar. Enter the name o& the Sym/ol: an reply to the !on&irming
Kuestion *reate new symbol 6symbolname6P #ith Kes.
2esi,n a 1ew S0mol
'se the !ommans WI-E: A-C: et!. to ra# the s!hemati! representation o&
the Sym/ol into layer 90: "ymbols.
*la!e the pins /y using the &ollo#ing *I" !omman: #hi!h is only a,aila/le
in the Sym/ol eiting moeC
P(1
*la!e pins.
+ou !an a<ust the pin parameters Ename, direction, function, length, visible,
"waplevelF in the parameter tool/ar #hile the *I" !omman is a!ti,e: or later
#ith the C>A"GE !omman. (he pin parameters are e2plaine starting on
page 213 an in the help pages uner the 8ey#or 7:#. *in names are
!hange using the "AME !omman.
'se the (E4( !omman to pla!e
the string U"AME in layer 21: t#ames: ser,ing as a te2t ,aria/le
!ontaining the name o& the !omponent:
the string U6AL'E in layer 25: tValues: ser,ing as a te2t ,aria/le
!ontaining the ,alue o& the !omponent.
'he 2evice -ditin, mode
Components are e&ine as $e,i!es. In the $e,i!e eiting moe you o not
ra# anything: /ut you e&ine the &ollo#ingC
#hi!h *a!8age ,ariant is use:
#hi!h Sym/olEsF is?are use E!alle Gate #ithin the $e,i!eF:
#hi!h names are pro,ie &or the Gates Ee.g. A: =F:
#hi!h te!hnologies are a,aila/le Ee.g. 50L00: 50L(00: 509C+00F:
i& the $e,i!e shoul ha,e aitional user9e&ina/le attri/utes:
79
i& there are eKui,alent Gates #hi!h !an /e inter!hange ES#aple,elF:
ho# the Gate /eha,es #hen ae to a s!hemati! EAle,elF:
the pre&i2 &or the !omponent name: i& a pre&i2 is use:
i& the ,alue o& the !omponent !an /e !hange or i& the ,alue shoul /e
&i2e to the $e,i!e name:
#hi!h pins relate to the pas o& the *a!8age EC)""EC( !ommanF
#hether a es!ription &or this !omponent shoul /e store in the
li/rary.
(he &ollo#ing iagram sho#s the &ully e&ine 5000 $e,i!e #ith &our "A"$
gates an a supply gate in ,arious *a!8age an te!hnology ,ersions.
I& you !li!8 onto one o& the gates #ith the right mouse /utton: the !onte2t
menu #ith the e2e!uta/le !ommans pops up. %urthermore you !an isplay
the 7roperties o& the gate. Cli!8 on Edit "ymbol to open the Sym/ol Eitor.
De$ice Editor #indo#
Create &ctual Components from S0mols and Pac!a,es
S#it!h to the $e,i!e eiting moe /y !li!8ing the Device i!on in the
a!tion tool/ar. (ype in the $e,i!e name an !on&irm the Kuestion *reate new
device 6devicename6P #ith Kes.
'se the &ollo#ing !ommans to !reate a $e,i!e.
80
&22
A a Sym/ol to a $e,i!e. Gate name: S#aple,el: an Ale,el !an /e
e&ine in the A$$ !omman in the parameter tool/ar: or ree&ine later
#ith the C>A"GE !omman.
(he S#aple,el spe!i&ies #hether there are eKui,alent Gates.
(he Ale,el e&ines: &or instan!e: i& a Gate is to /e ae to the s!hemati!
only on the users reKuest. E2ampleC the po#er gate o& an integrate !ir!uit
#hi!h is normally not sho#n on the s!hemati!.
1&*-
Change Gate name.
CH&1.-
Change S#aple,el or Ale,el.
P&C?&.-
$e&ine an name *a!8age ,ariantEsF. (he *AC@AGE !omman is starte /y
!li!8ing on the #ew /utton in the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#: or /y typing on the
!omman line. Choose the reKueste *a!8age ,ariant.
More in&ormation a/out this !an /e &oun on page 232.
C311-C'
$e&ine #hi!h pins EGateF relate to #hi!h pas E*a!8ageF.
P5-#(8
*ro,ie pre&i2 &or the !omponent name in the s!hemati! Ee.g. - &or resistorsF.
9&/%-
In the $e,i!e moe: 6AL'E is use to spe!i&y #hether the !omponent ,alue
!an /e &reely sele!te &rom #ithin the s!hemati! iagram or the layout: or
#hether it has a &i2e spe!i&i!ation.
;nC (he ,alue !an /e !hange &rom #ithin the s!hemati! Ee.g. &or resistorsF.
(he !omponent is not &ully spe!i&ie until a ,alue has /een assigne.
;ffC (he ,alue !orrespons to the $e,i!e name: in!luing: #hen present:
assignment o& the te!hnology an the *a!8age ,ersion Ee.g. 50LS00"F.
E,en i& Value is ;ff: the ,alue o& a !omponent !an /e !hange. A Kuery !he!8s
i& this a!tion is intene.
(he altere ,alue o& the !omponent remains un!hange: i& the (e!hnology or
the *a!8age ,ersion is altere later #ith C>A"GE *AC@AGE or C>A"GE
(EC>")L)G+.
81
'-CH13/3.4
I& ne!essary: ,arious te!hnologies !an /e e&ine: &or e2ample: &or a logi!
!omponent. Cli!8 on !echnologies there&ore.
&''5(B%'-
Cli!8 on Attributes to e&ine any aitional attri/ute &or the $e,i!e. A
etaile es!ription !an /e &oun in the !hapter a/out li/raries in this
manual.
2-SC5(P'(31
Compose a es!ription o& the $e,i!e #hi!h !an also /e e2amine /y the
sear!h &un!tion asso!iate #ith the A$$ ialog.
:nformation about *opying of 7acages, "ymbols and Devices can be
found from page @,O on$
6.: 'he C&* Processor
Manu&a!turing ata is generate /y means o& the CAM *ro!essor. A num/er
o& ri,ers &or the ata output are a,aila/le. (he ri,ers are e&ine in the &ile
eagle$def: #hi!h !an /e eite #ith any (e2t Eitor.
)utput to matri2 printers: ho#e,er: is not !reate #ith the CAM *ro!essor
/ut #ith a *-I"( !omman.
(he EAGLE li!ense !onitions allo# you to gi,e the CAM *ro!essor to your
/oar manu&a!turer. +ou only nee to supply them #ith a !opy o& the EAGLE
Light Eition. (he CAM *ro!essor o& EAGLE Light runs #ithout limitation.
Alternati,ely: EAGLE Light !an /e o#nloae &rom CaSo&tHs #e/ ser,er.
82
4$5 -he 13+ Pro!essor
The CA/ Processor
(he CAM *ro!essor !an also /e starte ire!tly &rom the !omman line. A
num/er o& !omman line parameters !an /e passe to it #hen it is !alle.
(hese are liste in the appeni2.
7lease do not pass on your personal installation code to others)
!his is punishable by law)
.enerate 2ata
Startin, the C&* Processor
(here are i&&erent #ays to start the CAM *ro!essorC
+ou !an o this ire!tly &rom the Layout or S!hemati! Eitor #ino# #ith
the CAM *ro!essor i!on in the a!tion tool/ar or through the menu
3ile/*AM 7rocessor. (he !urrent s!hemati! or /oar #ill /e loae
automati!ally &rom the Control *anel /y !li!8ing on one o& the entries in the
(ree 6ie#Hs *AM Qobs /ran!h. (hen the sele!te CAM ;o/ #ill /e loae
automati!ally. +ou still ha,e to loa the s!hemati! or /oar &rom #hi!h you
#ant to ma8e the CAM *ro!essor manu&a!turing ata &rom through the
3ile/;pen menu /y using the !omman prompt EWino#s !omman prompt:
(erminal or Console #ino#F #ithout graphi!al user inter&a!e. *arti!ular
in&ormation !an /e &oun in the appeni2 !hapter a/out EA%2E ;ptions.
83
/oad <o #ile
A <o/ e&ines the seKuen!e o& se,eral output steps in an automati! ata
!reation tas8. +ou !an: &or e2ample: use a <o/ to generate ini,iual &iles
!ontaining the Ger/er ata &or se,eral *C= layers.
A <o/ is loae #ith the 3ile menu o& the CAM *ro!essor or #ith a ou/le9
!li!8 on one o& the (ree ,ie#Hs *AM Qobs entries in the Control *anel.
A <o/ is not a/solutely essential &or output. All the ata !an /e mae step /y
step manually.
/oad Board
=e&ore you !an generate an output you must open the 3ile menu an loa a
/oar &ile: i& not alreay loae automati!ally #hile stating the CAM
*ro!essor &rom an Eitor #ino#. At the /ottom le&t in the CAM *ro!essor
#ino# you #ill see the &ile name the ata is /eing generate &rom.
(he output o& ata &or a S!hemati!: &or e2ample &or a !ertain plotter: is also
possi/le.
Set 3utput Parameters
I& a <o/ &ile is loae: the output parameters are alreay a<uste. A <o/ !an
!ontain se,eral se!tions #ith i&&erent parameter sets. (he ,arious peripheral
e,i!es a!!ept i&&erent parameters.
I& no <o/ is loae: set the parameters to #hate,er you nee Esee page 290F.
Start 3utput
I& you #ant to e2e!ute the <o/ #hi!h has /een loae: !li!8 the 7rocess Qob
/utton. I& you <ust #ant to get an output using the !urrently ,isi/le parameter
settings: !li!8 the 7rocess "ection /utton.
2efine 1ew <o
*er&orm the &ollo#ing steps to e&ine a ne# <o/C
1. Cli!8 Add: to a a ne# se!tion.
2. Set parameters.
.. -epeat 1. an 2. i& ne!essary.
0. Sa,e <o/ #ith 3ile/"ave Fob.
(he Description /utton allo#s to es!ri/e the <o/ &ile. (his es!ription #ill /e
sho#n in the Control *anel.
(he !hapter on 7reparing the Manufacturing Data !ontains etaile
in&ormation on this su/<e!t.
6.6 'he 'e7t -ditor )indow
EAGLE !ontains a simple (e2t Eitor.
+ou !an use it to eit s!ript &iles: 'ser Language programs or any other te2t
&ile. (he EAGLE (e2t Eitor stores its &iles #ith '(%97 en!oing.
84
4$6 -he -ext E"itor %in"o(
(he menus /ring you to a ,ariety o& &un!tions: su!h as !ommans &or
printing: !opying an !utting: sear!hing: repla!ing E#ith support o& -egular
E2pressionsF: !hanging &ont an siIe: an so on.
(he 8ey/oar short!uts in the EAGLE (e2t Eitor &ollo# the plat&orm spe!i&i!
stanars.
When in the (e2t Eitor: the right mouse /utton !alls up a !onte2t menu.
The Te%t Editor
In !ase you pre&er an e2ternal te2t eitor: e&ine the program !all in the
Control *anelHs or in one o& the Eitor #ino#Hs ;ption/1ser interface menu:
E.ternal te.t editor. I& you #ant to pre,ent EAGLE to start any te2t eitor
automati!ally: type in a minus sign H9H in the E.ternal te.t editor line. Clear the
line &or the /uilt9in EAGLE te2t eitor.
*lease note &urther in&ormation a/out the usage o& an e2ternal te2t eitor in
the help &un!tion: se!tion Editor windows/!e.t Editor.
85
Chapter :
Principles for )or!in, with -&./-
:.1 Command (nput Possiilities
'sually the !ommans in EAGLE are e2e!ute /y !li!8ing an i!on or an item
in the menu /ar an then !li!8ing onto the o/<e!t you #ant to eit. =ut there
are also alternati,e to e2e!ute !ommans.
*ossi/ilities &or !omman input in S!hemati!: Layout: an Li/rary EitorC
!li!8ing a !omman i!on
typing te2t !ommans in the !omman line
through the !onte2t menu
,ia &un!tion 8eys
,ia s!ript &iles
,ia 'ser Language programs
In any !ase it is ne!essary to unerstan the synta2 o& the EAGLE !omman
language #hi!h is es!ri/e in the &ollo#ing se!tion.
A etaile es!ription o& the EAGLE !ommans !an /e &oun on the help
pages.
&ctivate Command and Select 3=ect
(he !lassi!al #ay o& #or8ing #ith EAGLE is to a!ti,ate the !omman &irst:
an then !hoose the o/<e!t you #ant to ha,e it e2e!ute on. %or e2ample:
&irst a!ti,ate the M)6E !omman /y !li!8ing the i!on in the !omman menu
or sele!ting the !omman in one o& the menus: an &inally !li!8 onto the
o/<e!t you #ant to mo,e.
Command /ine
As an alternati,e to the pre,iously mentione !li!8ing onto an i!on you !an
use the !omman line. When entering !ommans you may a//re,iate 8ey
#ors as long as they !annot /e mista8en &or another 8ey #or: or you may
use small or !apital letters Ethe input is not !ase sensiti,eF: &or e2ampleC
C3*/+E "$9T3 0.0=@
is eKui,alent to
cha 6i 0.0=@
87
5 Prin!iples #or %or;in0 (ith E345E
(he a!tual unit &or the ,alues is set in the G-I$ menu. ItHs also possi/le to
spe!i&y the unit ire!tly in the !omman line #ithout !hanging the !urrently
set griC
C3*/+E "$9T3 0.6MM
or
cha 6id =@mil
Most !ommans !an /e e2e!ute #hilst e!laring !oorinate ,alues in the
!omman line.
E2amplesC
M:7E $C1A7*,E B=.>0 1.C>D %
(he ,alue pla!eholer te2t &or part IC1 mo,es to position 2.10 1.51 in the
layout: pro,ie it has /een release #ith the SMAS> !omman /e&ore.
M$##:# 1%
*art '1 #ill /e mirrore to the /ottom sie o& the /oar.
3:,E 0.1> B> E.>D %
*la!e a hole #ith rill iameter 0.11 at position 1 7.1.
7$* F+/9F 0.0C0 round B=.0 ?.0D %
A roun shape ,ia #ith a iameter o& 0.050 /elonging to signal G"$ #ill /e
pla!e at position 2.0 ..0.
Histor0 #unction
+ou !an re!all the most re!ently entere !ommans /y pressing Crsr9'p EF
or Crsr9$o#n EF an eit them. (he Esc 8ey eletes the !ontents o& the
!omman line.
'he Conte7t *enu
Another #ay o& using EAGLE is to #or8 #ith the o/<e!t9spe!i&i! !omman
menu. In this !ase you &irst !li!8 #ith the right mouse /utton onto the o/<e!t
an then you sele!t the !omman that you #ant to ha,e e2e!ute.
(he !onte2t menu !ontains all !ommans that !an /e e2e!ute #ith the
sele!te o/<e!t. Aitionally you !an isplay all the o/<e!tHs properties /y
!li!8ing onto the 7roperties entry. Some o& them !an /e e,en !hange ire!tly
in the 7roperties #ino#.
88
5$1 1omman" <nput Possi&ilities
#unction ?e0s
(e2ts may /e allo!ate to the &un!tion 8eys an to !om/inations o& those 8eys
#ith Alt, *trl an "hift E&or Ma! )S94 aitionally *mdF, i& not o!!upie /y
the operating system or a Linu2 Wino# Manager E&or e2ample 34 &or helpF.
I& a &un!tion 8ey is presse: this !orrespons to the te2t /eing type in ,ia the
8ey/oar. Sin!e e,ery !omman is !apa/le o& /eing entere as te2t: e,ery
!omman: together #ith !ertain parameters: !an /e assigne to a &un!tion
8ey. E,en #hole seKuen!es o& !ommans !an /e assigne to a &un!tion 8ey in
this #ay.
(he !omman
*SS$+/
isplays the !urrent &un!tion 8ey assignments. Changes to the 8ey
assignments !an /e !arrie out in the assign #ino#.
(he #ew /utton !an /e use to e&ine a ne# 8ey assignment. A !li!8 onto Del
#ill elete a mar8e entry: #hile *hange alters an e2isting e&inition. ;'
!loses the ialog an sa,es the e&initions: #hile *ancel a/orts the ialog.
(hese settings !an also /e mae ,ia the ;ptions/Assign menu in the
S!hemati! or Layout Eitor.
89
The conte%t "en! for a De$ice in the )che"atic
The dialog for the A))*+- co""and
(o pree&ine !ertain assignments you !an also use the ASSIG" !omman in
the &ile eagle$scr Esee page 111F.
E-a'ples1
(he !om/ination o& *trl S "hift I % isplays a gri o& 0.125mmC
*SS$+/ CSG+ F+#$9 MM 0.1=C :/%F%
(he !om/ination o& Alt I 3, !hanges the layer to (op an starts the -)'(E
!ommanC
*SS$+/ *G86 F,*5E# T:.% #:TEF%
(he !om/ination o& the 8eys Alt I R isplays only the layers (op: *as: 6ias
an $imension &irst an then starts the print out #ith the e&ault printerC
*SS$+/ *G# F9$S.,*5 /:/E 1 1C 1E =0% .#$/T%F%
*: C: M: an S are the moi&iers &or the Alt: *trl: *md EMa! )S94 onlyF: an
"hift 8ey.
(he !om/ination o& Alt I - /rings the Control *anel into the &oregroun. (he
!om/inations Alt I 4 up to M are assigne to the ,arious eitor #ino#s:
a!!oring to the #ino# num/er #hi!h is sho#n in the respe!ti,e title /ar.
Script #iles
S!ript &iles are a po#er&ul tool. (hey !an !ontain long seKuen!es o&
!ommans: su!h as the spe!i&i!ation o& spe!i&i! !olors an &ill9patterns &or all
layers: as &or e2ample in defaultcolors$scr. )n the other han they might
!ontain netlists !on,erte &rom the ata o& other programs.
(he SC-I*( !omman is use to e2e!ute s!ript &iles.
90
5$1 1omman" <nput Possi&ilities
Many 'ser Language programs E'L*F !reate s!ript &iles that !an /e rea in
orer to moi&y a layout or a s!hemati!.
EAGLE outputs an entire li/rary: &or instan!e: as a s!ript &ile #ith the ai o&
the E4*)-( !omman E#etscript optionF. (his &ile !an /e moi&ie #ith a
te2t eitor: a&ter #hi!h it !an /e rea in again. (his allo#s !hanges to /e
mae to a li/rary Kuite easily.
(here is more in&ormation a/out s!ript &iles an e2port !ommans later in
this !hapter.
*i7ed (nput
(he ,arious methos o& gi,ing !ommans !an /e mi2e together.
+ou !an: &or instan!e: !li!8 the i!on &or the CI-CLE !omman E#hi!h
!orrespons to typing C$#C,E on the !omman lineF: an then type the
!oorinates o& the !enter o& the !ir!le an o& a point on the !ir!um&eren!e in
this &orm
B= =D B= ?D @
in the !omman line.
(he ,alues use a/o,e #oul: i& the unit is !urrently set to inch: result in a
!ir!le #ith a raius o& one in!h !entere on the !oorinate E2 2F. It is
irrele,ant #hether the CI-CLE !omman is entere /y i!on or /y typing on
the !omman line.
"ome EA%2E commands are used in combination with the "hift, Alt or
*trl eys$ :n case you are woring with EA%2E for Mac ;"&H, please use
the *md ey instead of *trl$
:.2 'he -&./- Command /an,ua,e
+ou only nee a 8no#lege o& the EAGLE !omman language i& you #ant to
ma8e use o& the alternati,e input methos is!usse in the pre,ious se!tion.
(he synta2 o& the EAGLE !omman language #ill /e is!usse in this se!tion:
an typographi!al !on,entions: #hi!h are important &or unerstaning the
es!riptions: #ill /e spe!i&ie.
'0po,raphical Conventions
-nter !e0 and Semicolon
I& EAGLE !ommans are entere ,ia the !omman line they are &inishe #ith
the Enter 8ey. In some !ases a !omman must ha,e a semi!olon at the en: so
that EAGLE 8no#s that there are no more parameters. It is a goo iea to
!lose all !ommans in a s!ript &ile #ith a semi!olon.
(he use o& the Enter 8ey is sym/oliIe at many pla!es #ithin this han/oo8
#ith the sign.
91
>o#e,er in the &ollo#ing e2amples neither the Enter 8ey sign nor the
semi!olon are sho#n: sin!e all o& these !ommans !an /e use /oth on the
!omman line an #ithin s!ript &iles.
Bold '0pe or %pper Case
Commans an parameters sho#n here in '**E- CASE are entere ire!tly.
When they are entere: there is no istin!tion mae /et#een upper an
lo#er !ase. %or e2ampleC
Synta2C
+#$9 ,$/ES
InputC
+#$9 ,$/ES or grid lines
/ower Case
*arameters sho#n here in lo#er !ase are to /e repla!e /y names: num/ers
or 8ey#ors. %or e2ampleC
Synta2C
+#$9 grid_siHe grid_multiple
InputC
+#$9 1 10
(his sets the gri to 1 mm Eassuming that the !urrent unit is set to mmF.
E,ery tenth gri line is ,isi/le. (he &igures 1 an 10 are pla!e into the
!omman instea o& the pla!eholers gridDsi(e an gridDmultiple.
%nderscore
In the names o& parameters an 8ey#ors the uners!ore sign is o&ten use
in the interests o& a !learer representation. *lease o not !on&use it #ith an
empty spa!e. As !an /e seen in the e2ample a/o,e: gridDsi(e is a single
parameter: as is gridDmultiple.
I& a 8ey#or !ontains an uners!ore sign: su!h as C)L)-LLA+E- oes in the
!omman
SET C:,:#_,*5E# layer_name color_6ord
then the !hara!ter is to /e type in <ust li8e any other. %or e2ampleC
SET C:,:#_,*5E# 1:TT:M 1,E
Spaces
Where,er a spa!e is permissi/le: any num/er o& spa!es !an /e use.
&lternative Parameters
(he T !hara!ter means that the parameters are alternati,es. %or e2ampleC
Synta2C
SET 1EE. :/ I :88
92
5$2 -he E345E 1omman" 5an0ua0e
InputC
SET 1EE. :/
or
SET 1EE. :88
(he /eep: #hi!h is triggere /y !ertain a!tions: is s#it!he on or o&&.
5epetition Points
(he .. !hara!ters mean either that the &un!tion !an /e e2e!ute multiple
times: or that multiple parameters o& the same type are allo#e. %or
e2ampleC
Synta2C
9$S.,*5 option layer_name..
InputC
9$S.,*5 T:. .$/S 7$*S
(he layer num/er !an alternati,ely /e useC
9$S.,*5 1 1C 1E
More than one layer is mae ,isi/le here.
I& a layer Ein this !ase =ottomF is to /e hienC
9$S.,*5 -16
*ouse Clic!
(he &ollo#ing sign usually means that at this point in the !omman an
o/<e!t is to /e !li!8e #ith the le&t mouse /utton.
%or e2ampleC
M:7E
InputC
M:7E @ Bor clicJ the iconD
Mouse clicJ on the first o(Kect to (e mo'ed
Mouse clicJ on the destination
Mouse clicJ on the second o(Kect to (e mo'ed
and so on.
+ou !an also see &rom these e2amples ho# the repetition points are to /e
unerstoo in the !onte2t o& mouse !li!8s.
-nterin, Coordinates as 'e7t
(he program sees e,ery mouse !li!8 as a pair o& !oorinates. I& it is esire to
enter !ommans in te2t &orm on the !omman line: then instea o& !li!8ing
#ith the mouse it is possi/le to enter the !oorinates through the 8ey/oar in
the &ollo#ing &ormC
4- /5
93
#here 2 an y are num/ers representing units as sele!te /y the G-I$
!omman. (he te2tual input metho is ne!essary in parti!ular &or s!ript &iles.
(he !oorinates o& the !urrent !ursor position !an /e &et!he #ith B<D. %or
e2ampleC
"$/9:" B<D%
E2amples o& !oorinate entry in te2t &ormC
+ou #ant to enter the outline o& a !ir!uit /oar #ith pre!ise imensions.
+#$9 MM 1%
,*5E# 9$ME/S$:/%
"$#E 0 B0 0D B160 0D B160 100D B0 100D B0 0D%
+#$9 ,*ST%
(he &irst step is to s#it!h to a 1 mm gri. (he imension layer is then
a!ti,ate. (he WI-E !omman then &irst sets the line #ith to 0 an ra#s a
re!tangle #ith the ai o& the &our gi,en !oorinates. (he last !omman
returns the gri to #hate,er ha pre,iously /een sele!te: sin!e !ir!uit
/oars are usually esigne using in!hes.
5elative valuesB
It is possi/le to use relati,e !oorinate ,alues in the &orm E- 2 yF #hi!h re&er
to a re&eren!e point set #ith the MA-@ !omman /e&ore. I& you onHt set a
re&eren!e point the a/solute origin o& the !oorinate system #ill /e ta8en.
Setting a ,ia relati,e to the re&eren!e pointC
+#$9 MM 0.>%
M*#4 B=0 10D%
7$* B# > 1=.>D%
M*#4%
%irst the gri is set to Millimetres: then the re&eren!e point at the position E20
10F is pla!e. (he ,ia is lo!ate at a istan!e o& 1 mm in 2 an 12.1 mm in y
ire!tion &rom the this point. (hen the re&eren!e point is remo,e.
Polar valuesB
*olar !oorinates are gi,en in the &orm o& E* raius angleF.
+#$9 MM%
M*#4 B1=.> C.1=>D%
,*5E# =1%
C$#C,E B# 0 0D B# 0 @0D%
.*9 B. @0 0D%
.*9 B. @0 1=0D%
.*9 B. @0 =@0D%
(his e2amples sho#s ho# to set the re&eren!e point at position E12.1 5.121F.
(hen a !ir!le #ith a raius o& 00 mm is ra#n in layer 21: t*la!e. (hree pas
are pla!e on the !ir!um&eren!e #ith an angle o& 120V.
>ere the !ir!le is easily ra#n #ith the help o& relati,e !oorinates. So #e o
94
5$2 -he E345E 1omman" 5an0ua0e
not ha,e to #orry a/out a/solute ,alues o& a point on the !ir!um&eren!e &or
the se!on !oorinates pair to etermine the !ir!le.
5i,ht *ouse Clic!B
(he U !hara!ter #ithin parenthesis represents a right mouse !li!8. (hat #ay
one !an mo,e a #hole group: &or e2ampleC
M:7E BA 0 0D B10 0D%
(he pre,iously sele!te group #ill /e mo,e 10 units in 2 ire!tion.
*odifierB
Within parenthesis one !an use some moi&iers. %or !om/inations you onHt
ha,e to !are a/out the orerC
* represents the presse Alt 8ey: the alternati,e gri
C represents the presse *trl 8ey: Ma! )S94C *md
S represents the presse "hift 8ey
# relati,e !oorinates
. polar !oorinates
A right mouse !li!8
C an S !ause mis!ellaneous !ommans to /eha,e in i&&erent manners. More
in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion o& the respe!ti,e !omman.
I& the !ommans are /eing rea &rom a s!ript &ile: ea!h one must /e !lose
#ith a semi!olon. In the a/o,e !ases the semi!olons !an /e omitte i& the
!ommans are /eing entere ,ia the 8ey/oar an ea!h is /eing !lose #ith
the Enter 8ey.
E-a'ples1
A !omponent is to /e transpose to a spe!i&ie position.
+#$9 MM 1%
M:7E $C1 B1=0 =>D %
Alternati,ely you !an use the o/<e!tHs !oorinatesC
M:7E B0.1=C =.>@D B1=0 =>D%
IC1 is lo!ate at !oorinates E0.125 2.10F an is mo,e to position E120 21F.
(he !urrent position o& a $e,i!e !an /e o/taine #ith the ai o& the I"%)
!omman.
$/8: $C1
When a Sym/ol is e&ine: a pin is pla!e at a !ertain position.
.$/ F+/9F ."# /:/E S3:#T #1E0 B0.= 0.@D %
+ou ra# a re!tangular &or/ien area in layer 01 tRestrictC
,*5E# T#EST#$CT%
#ECT B0.> 0.>D B=.> @D %
95
:.$ .rids and the Current %nits
EAGLE per&orms its internal !al!ulations using a /asi! gri siIe o&
0:00.21 Qm Ea/out 0.00012. milF.
Mi!rons EQmF: mils E1?1000 in!hF: in!hes an mm !an /e !hosen as a unit.
(he !urrent unit as set #ith the G-I$ !omman applies to all ,alues.
Kou should always use the pre&set -$4 inch grid for schematic diagrams
and for drawing "ymbols in the 2ibrary Editor)
When starting the esign o& !ir!uit /oars or li/raries it pays to gi,e prior
thought to the Kuestion o& #hi!h gri siIe Eor siIesF #ill /e use as a /asis.
%or e2ample: it is only the origin o& a *a!8age that #ill /e pulle onto the
/oarHs pla!ement gri. All other o/<e!ts !onstituting the *a!8age Esu!h as
pasF are pla!e relati,e to that point on the /oar: <ust as it #as e&ine in
the li/rary.
!he basic rule for boards is: always mae the grid as big as possible and
as small as necessary$
6arious gri siIes !an /e pre9set in the eagle$scr &ile &or i&&erent types o&
eitor #ino#s Esee page 100F.
(he !urrent gri "i(e is set in the gri menu. (he units !hosen in the !om/o
/o2 are use.
(he Multiple option ini!ates ho# many gri lines are isplaye. I&: &or
instan!e: the ,alue 1 is entere at Multiple: e,ery &i&th line #ill /e isplaye.
(he Alt line allo#s to set an alternati,e gri #hi!h !an /e a!ti,ate /y
pressing the Alt 8ey E#hile: &or e2ample: M)6E: -)'(E: A$$: or WI-E is
a!ti,eF. (his !an /e ,ery use&ul &or pla!ing parts in a ense layout or
arranging la/els in the s!hemati!. I& you e!ie not to pla!e it in the
96
The +rid "en!
5$3 4ri"s an" the 1urrent =nits
alternati,e gri an release the Alt 8ey /e&ore pla!ing it: the o/<e!t stays in its
origin gri.
"tyle spe!i&ies the #ay it is isplayeC 2ines or Dots$ (he options ;n an ;ff
uner Display s#it!h the gri isplay on or o&&. 3inest sets the &inest gri that
is possi/le. Cli!8ing on default #ill sele!t the eitorHs stanar gri.
=eginning #ith a !ertain Iooming limit: gri lines are not isplaye anymore.
(his limit !an /e set in the menu ;ptions/"et/Misc, Min$ visible grid si(e.
Gri lines an gri ots !an ha,e any !olor. Cli!8 the !olore /utton o& the
respe!ti,e palette Eepens on the /a!8groun !olorF in the menu
;ptions/"et/*olors an sele!t the !olor as reKueste. (his !an also /e one in
the !omman line: &or e2ampleC
SET C:,:#_+#$9 1,E
Instea o& the !olor name the !olor num/er !an /e gi,en: as #ell. It !an /e in
the range 0 .. 3.. (he sho#n !olor epens on the Esel&9Fe&ine !olors o& the
!urrent palette.
See also the hints !on!erning *olor settings on page 105.
:.6 &liases for 2(SP/&4" .5(2" and )(123)
%or the !ommans $IS*LA+: G-I$: an WI"$)W you !an e&ine so9!alle
aliases. (his is a set o& parameters #hi!h you !an sa,e #ith any name an
e2e!ute it #ith the !omman. (o a!!ess su!h an alias simply !li!8 #ith the
right mouse /utton onto the !omman i!on.
(he aliases are store in the eaglerc &ile &or S!hemati!: Layout: an Li/rary
separately. (hey are a,aila/le &or all S!hemati!s: Layout: an Li/raries then.
-7ampleB 2(SP/&4 &lias
$isplay the layers you #ant to see in the Layout Eitor #ith the
$IS*LA+ !omman: &or e2ample !op: 7ads: Vias: an Dimension
-ight9!li!8 onto the $IS*LA+ i!on an a popup menu appears
Sele!t the #ew$$ entry
Enter the name o& the alias: &or e2ample !opDview
Cli!8 the ;' /utton
%rom no# on the popup menu o& the $IS*LA+ i!on !ontains the entry (op
,ie#.
I& you pre&er the !omman line &or a!ti,ating this alias you ha,e to enterC
9$S.,*5 T:._7$E" or disp top_'
It oes not matter i& you #rite in upper or lo#er !ase letters hers. +ou may
use a//re,iations as long as the name is !lear.
(here are no limitation to the num/er o& aliases use.
97
'se 9$S.,*5 ,*ST in the !omman line or the entry 2ast o& the $IS*LA+Hs
popup menu i!on to return to the last layer sele!tion.
More etails !an /e &oun on the help page o& the $IS*LA+ !omman.
-7ampleB .5(2 &lias
(he ho# to an the &un!tion o& a gri alias is e2a!tly the same as it is
e2plaine &or the $IS*LA+ !omman. Set the appropriate gri in one o& the
Eitor #ino#s: right9!li!8 onto the G-I$ i!on : an sele!t the #ew$$
entry in the popup menu to e&ine the alias.
(his !an /e one in the !omman line as #ell. &or the gri !omman it !oul
loo8 li8e thisC
+#$9 0 My_+rid inch 0.00> lines on
(he !omman
grid my_grid or in short gri my
e2e!utes the alias. (he !omman is !ase insensiti,e: the alias !an /e
a//re,iate.
-7ampleB )(123) &lias
(he WI"$)W !omman allo#s you to e&ine an alias &or a !ertain part o& the
ra#ing area. Aliases help you to na,igate !om&orta/ly &rom one lo!ation to
another in your ra#ing. (he e&inition o& a WI"$)W alias is similar to the
$IS*LA+ alias as es!ri/e a/o,eC
Sele!t the appropriate isplay #ino# in the ra#ing
-ight9!li!8 onto the "elect i!on o& the WI"$)W !omman to
open the popup menu
Cli!8 the #ew$$ entry no# an name your alias
LetHs assume the alias name is upperDleft: +ou !an restore this isplay etail:
&or e2ample: in the !omman line #ithC
"$/9:" pper_,eft or in short 6in upper_l
Alternati,ely right9!li!8 onto the "elect i!on o& the WI"$)W !omman an
sele!t the entry upperDleft in the popup menu.
:n a "chematic that consists of more than one sheet an alias is e.ecuted
always on the currently active sheet, independent of where it was defined
originally$
98
5$4 3liases #or ?<.P53A2 4B<?2 an" %<9?)%
-ditin," 5enamin," 2eletin, of an &lias
In the !ase you #ant to elete an alias: you !an o this in the !omman i!onHs
popup menu. %irst right9!li!8 onto the !omman i!on to open the popup
menu. (hen use a right mouse !li!8 onto the alias entry. (his opens a !onte2t
menu. Cli!8 the Delete option there.
(he same methos !an /e use to Rename or Edit an alias.
(hese a!tions !an /e e2e!ute also ,ia the !omman line. %urther
in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help pages a/out the $IS*LA+: G-I$: an
WI"$)W !ommans.
:.: 1ames and &utomatic 1amin,
/en,th
"ames in EAGLE !an ha,e any esire length. (here is no limit.
#oridden and Special Characters
"o names may !ontain spa!es: semi!olons or umlauts. Auotation mar8s an
other e2oti! !hara!ters Ea/o,e 125 in the ASCII ta/leF shoul /e a,oie as
&ar as possi/le.
$e,i!e names must not !ontain either Kuestion mar8s or asteris8s: sin!e these
!hara!ters are use as pla!eholers &or *a!8age ,ariants E?F an te!hnologies
ENF.
Commas must /e a,oie in pa names.
*art9/us names must not !ontain !olons: !ommas or sKuare /ra!8ets.
(he e2!lamation mar8 is a spe!ial !hara!ter that starts an ens a /ar o,er
the te2t. See the help &un!tion &or the (E4( !omman &or etails. I& an
e2!lamation mar8 shoul /e ,isi/le in the te2t: it nees to /e es!ape /y a
leaing /a!8slash.
In orer to ha,e a /a!8slash isplaye in a name or te2t: you ha,e to type it:
&or e2ample #ith the "AME or (E4( !omman: t#i!e.
99
Deleting a 0*-DO0 alias
&utomatic 1amin,
I& a name is gi,en together #ith one o& the !ommans *I": *A$: SM$: "E(:
='S or A$$: then other names #ill /e eri,e &rom it as long as the
!omman is still a!ti,e.
(he name is simply type into the !omman line /e&ore pla!ing the o/<e!t
E#hile it is atta!he to the mouseF. "ote that the name must /e pla!e #ithin
simple Kuotation mar8s. Entry is !omplete #ith the Enter 8ey E F .
(he e2amples illustrate ho# automati! naming &un!tionsC
*99 9$,1@ F1F C C C
&et!hes three $IL10 *a!8ages to the /oar an names them '1: '2 an '.
E!orrespons to a mouse !li!8F.
.*9 :CT F1F C C C C
pla!es &our o!tagonal pas #ith the names 1: 2: .: an 0.
I& the name !onsists o& only one !hara!ter &rom A...B: then the &ollo#ing
o/<e!ts re!ei,e the &ollo#ing letters o& the alpha/et as namesC
*99 /*/9 F*F C C C C
&et!hes &our "A"$ gates #ith the names A: =: C an $. I& the generate
name rea!hes B: then names #ith the e&ault pre&i2 #ill again /e generate
Ee.g. GM1F.
:.6 (mport and -7port of 2ata
EAGLE pro,ies a num/er o& tools &or ata e2!hange.
S!ript &iles &or importing
(he e2port !omman &or e2porting
EAGLE 'ser Language programs &or import an e2port.
(he 'ser Language is ,ery &le2i/le: /ut oes !all &or a suita/le program to /e
!reate. +ou #ill &in &urther etails in the se!tion on !he EA%2E 1ser
2anguage.
Script #iles and 2ata (mport
(he SC-I*( !omman ma8es a uni,ersal tool a,aila/le to the EAGLE user &or
ata import.
Sin!e e,ery EAGLE operation !an /e !arrie out #ith the ai o& te2t
!ommans: you !an import all types o& ata #ith the ai o& a s!ript &ile. A
s!ript &ile !an in turn !all other s!ript &iles.
S!ript &iles !an /e !reate #ith a simple te2t eitor. (he prereKuisite &or the
e,elopment o& your o#n s!ript &iles is that you unerstan the EAGLE
!omman language. +ou #ill &in the pre!ise &un!tioning an the synta2 o&
the ini,iual !ommans in the EAGLE help pages.
100
5$6 <mport an" Export o# ?ata
(he &ile euro$scr in the eagle/scr ire!tory: #hi!h ra#s the outline o& a
euro!ar #ith !orner limits: pro,ies a simple e2ample.
I& a netlist is to /e importe into a /oar esign #hi!h alreay !ontains the
appropriate !omponents: then a s!ript &ile o& the &ollo#ing &orm is ne!essaryC
S$+/*, +/9 $C1 C $C= C L@ ==%
S$+/*, 7CC $C1 1@ $C= 1@ L@ 1%
A #etscript o& this sort !an easily /e !reate &rom the s!hemati! iagram /y
the E4*)-( !omman.
+ou #ill get a &urther impression o& the po#er o& importing: i& you output a
li/rary #ith the E4*)-( !omman E"cript optionF. (he s!ript &ile that is
generate pro,ies an instru!ti,e e2ample &or the synta2 o& the s!ript
language. It !an /e e2amine #ith any te2t eitor. I& SC-I*( is then use to
rea this &ile into an empty li/rary: a ne# li/rary &ile #ill /e !reate.
Comments !an /e in!lue &ollo#ing a W9!hara!ter.
(he e2e!ution o& a s!ript &ile !an /e stoppe /y !li!8ing the Stop i!on in the
a!tion tool/ar.
#ile -7port %sin, the -8P35' Command
(he E4*)-( !omman has the &ollo#ing moesC
2(5-C'354
)utputs a list o& the !ontents E$e,i!es: Sym/ols: an *a!8agesF o& the
!urrently loae li/rary.
1-'/(S'
)utputs a netlist &or the !urrently loae s!hemati! or /oar in an EAGLE9
spe!i&i! &ormat. It !an /e use to !he!8 the !onne!tions in a ra#ing.
(here are also a,aila/le se,eral 'ser Language programs that allo# to e2port
,arious net list &ormats. *lease ta8e a loo8 into CaSo&tHs $o#nloa area in
the #e/C httpC??###.!aso&tusa.!om?o#nloa.htm.
1-'SC5(P'
)utputs a netlist o& the !urrently loae s!hemati! in the &orm o& a s!ript &ile.
(he nets!ript !an /e importe into the /oar &ile #ith the help o& the SC-I*(
!omman. (his !oul /e possi/ly suggesti,e i& there are i&&eren!es in the
netlist /et#een s!hemati! an layout.
In the &irst step you ha,e to elete all signals in the layout #ith the !omman
$ELE(E SIG"ALS. =e a#are that all tra!es are lostP "o# e2port the "ets!ript
&rom the S!hemati! an import it #ith the SC-I*( !omman into the layout.
(he result is a S!hemati!?Layout &ile pair #ith an ienti!al netlist.
P&5'/(S'
)utputs a !omponent list &or the s!hemati! or /oar.
101
P(1/(S'
)utputs a pin?pa list &or the s!hemati! or /oar: listing the !onne!te nets.
SC5(P'
)utputs the !urrently loae li/rary in the &orm o& a s!ript &ile.
(his s!ript !an /e moi&ie #ith a te2t eitor in orer to generate: &or
e2ample: a user e&ine li/rary: or to !opy parts o& one li/rary into another.
(he moi&ie s!ript &ile !an /e importe into a ne# or an alreay e2isting
li/rary #ith the help o& the SC-I*( !omman.
(he s!ript &ile also ser,es as a goo e2ample &or the EAGLE !omman synta2.
In orer to a,oi loss o& pre!ision the gri unit in the s!ript &ile is set to
Millimetres.
(*&.-
(he option :mage allo#s you to generate &iles in ,arious graphi! &ormats.
(he &ollo#ing &ormats are a,aila/leC
;'p Wino#s =itmap &ile
pn# *orta/le "et#or8 Graphi!s &ile
p;' *orta/le =itmap &ile
p#' *orta/le Grays!ale =itmap &ile
pp' *orta/le *i2elmap &ile
ti! (ag Image &ile
-;' 4 =itmap &ile
-p' 4 *i2map &ile
Cli!8 the =ro#se /utton: sele!t the output path: an type in the graphi! &ile
name #ith its e2tension. (he &ile e2tension etermines the graphi! &ile type.
(o generate a /la!8 an #hite image a!ti,ate the option Monochrome. (o
ma8e the image a,aila/le ,ia the systemHs !lip/oar set the *lipboard option.
(he Resolution !an /e set in ots per in!h. (he resulting :mage "i(e #ill /e
sho#n in the lo#est &iel.
102
)ettings for graphic file o!tp!t
5$6 <mport an" Export o# ?ata
(he Area &iel allo#s a sele!tion o& 3ull or /indow. 3ull prints the #hole
ra#ing: #hereas /indow prints the !urrently in the Eitor #ino# ,isi/le
part o& the ra#ing.
3urther graphic formats, lie B7%2, 7ostscript <7"=, or Encapsulated
7ostscript <E7"=, can be generated with the help of the *AM 7rocessor$
!he 1ser 2anguage 7rogram d.f$ulp generates D.f data$ !he 7R:#!
command supports 7D3 output$
:.7 'he -&./- %ser /an,ua,e
EAGLE !ontains an interpreter &or a C9li8e 'ser Language. It !an /e use to
a!!ess any EAGLE &ile. Sin!e ,ersion 0 it has also /een a/le to a!!ess e2ternal
ata. It is possi/le: #ith ,ery &e# restri!tions: to e2port ata &rom EAGLE: an
import a #ie range o& ata into EAGLE.
'L*s !an: &or e2ample: manipulate a layout &ile or a li/rary /y generating an
e2e!uting a S!ript &ile. (he S!ript &ile !ontains all the ne!essary !ommans
&or the manipulation. (he 'ser LanguageHs integrate e2itEF &un!tion allo#s it
to e2e!ute these !ommans ire!tly.
(he program e2amples in!lue EG$ulpF #ill pro,ie some insight into the
!apa!ity o& the 'ser Language. (hey are lo!ate in your installationHs 'L*
ire!tory. A es!ription o& the #ay in #hi!h a 'L* #or8s is lo!ate in the &ile
heaer. (his is also isplaye in the Control *anel or in the usage /o2 #hen
the program is !alle.
'ser Language programs must /e #ritten in a te2t eitor that oes not a
any !ontrol !oes. It might /e a goo iea to use a te2t eitor that supports
synta2 highlighting &or C programming language. (his helps to unerstan
the stru!ture o& an 'L*.
+ou !an e&ine an E.ternal te.t editor in the ;ption/1ser :nterface menu as
your e&ault eitor.
A 'L* is starte #ith the -'" !omman: or /y ragging a 'L* &rom the
Control *anel into an eitor #ino# E$ragD$ropF. (o !an!el the e2e!ution
o& an 'L* !li!8 the Stop i!on.
EAGLE prompts a message in the status /ar: Run: finished, i& the 'ser
Language program has /een ene.
(he language is es!ri/e in etail in the EAGLE help pages: uner the
8ey#or 1ser 2anguage.
(ypi!al appli!ations &or 'L*sC
Creating parts lists in ,arious &ormats.
See also page 257.
)utput in graphi!al &ormats.
$ata output &or !omponent insertion ma!hines: in9!ir!uit testers et!.
Lin8ing to an e2ternal ata/ase.
103
Manipulation o& the sil8 s!reen print: the soler stop mas8: an so on.
Import o& graphi! ata &iles E&or e2ample import&bmp$ulp &or logos or
the li8eF
A lot of valuable 127s can be found on our web pages$ "imply tae a loo
at http://www$cadsoftusa$com/download$htm$
:.C #orwardDBac! &nnotation
A s!hemati! &ile an the asso!iate /oar &ile are logi!ally lin8e /y
automati! %or#arD=a!8 Annotation. (his ensures that the s!hemati! an
the /oar are al#ays !onsistent.
As soon as a layout is !reate #ith the =)A-$ !omman : the t#o &iles
are !onsistent. E,ery a!tion per&orme on the s!hemati! iagram is
simultaneously e2e!ute in the layout. I&: &or instan!e: you pla!e a ne#
$e,i!e: the asso!iate housing #ill appear on the layout at the ege o& the
/oar. I& a net is pla!e: the signal lines are simultaneously ra#n in the
layout. Certain operations su!h as the pla!ement or eletion o& signals are
only allo#e in the s!hemati!. (he Layout Eitor oes not permit these
a!tions: an issues an appropriate #arning. -enaming $e,i!es or !hanging
their ,alues: &or e2ample: are permitte in /oth &iles.
(he EAGLE help pages !ontain a !loser es!ription o& the te!hni!al etails.
It is not ne!essary &or you: as the user: to pay any &urther attention to this
me!hanism. +ou only ha,e to ensure that you o not #or8 on a s!hemati!
#hose asso!iate /oar &ile has /een !lose: an ,i!e ,ersa. (his means that
/oth &iles must al#ays /e loae at the same time. )ther#ise they loose
!onsisten!y: an the annotation !an no longer #or8.
I& you ha,e: ho#e,er: on!e eite the /oar or the s!hemati! separately: the
Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 EE-CF #ill !he!8 the &iles &or !onsisten!y #hen they are
loae. I& in!onsisten!ies are &oun: the E-C opens an Error #ino# #ith
appropriate messages a/out the S!hemati! an the Layout. Se!tion 3.11:
starting #ith page 171: sho#s ho# to pro!ee in su!h a !ase.
:.9 Confi,urin, -&./- (ndividuall0
(here are a num/er o& settings that permit the program to /e a<uste &or
ini,iual nees. We istinguish /et#een program: user an pro<e!t9spe!i&i!
settings.
=asi! program settings that #ill apply to e,ery user an e,ery ne# pro<e!t are
mae in the eagle.scr &ile. 'ner Wino#s: personal pre&eren!es are store
in the &ile eaglerc.!sr: or: uner Linu2: in 1..eaglerc.
EAGLE remem/ers settings that only apply to one parti!ular pro<e!t in the
eagle.epf pro<e!t &ile.
104
5$9 1on#i0urin0 E345E <n"i6i"uall/
6alues that: &or instan!e: only apply to one spe!i&i! /oar: su!h as the $esign
-ules: spe!ial layer !olors: uniKue ne#ly e&ine layers or the gri setting are
store ire!tly in the layout &ile. (his also applies: o& !ourse: to s!hemati!
iagram an li/rary &iles.
Confi,uration Commands
Most o& the options are usually set /y means o& the ;ptions menus o& the
ini,iual EAGLE eitor #ino#s.
(he Control *anel allo#s settings to /e mae &or Directories: &ile Eacup an
the appearan!e o& the eitor #ino# E1ser interfaceF. (hese options are
es!ri/e in the !hapter on the *ontrol 7anel uner the
;ptions menu heaing: starting on page 01.
(hrough the 1ser interface settings it is possi/le to sele!t the i!on9/ase menu
or a !on&igura/le te2t menu.
(he ME"' !omman allo#s the te2t menu to /e gi,en a hierar!hi!al
!on&iguration /y means o& a s!ript &ile. (here is an e2ample o& this in the
appeni2.
(he ;ptions menu in the eitor #ino#s &or s!hemati! iagrams: layouts an
li/raries !ontains: in aition to the 1ser interface item: t#o &urther entriesC
Assign an "et.
(he ASSIG" !omman alters an isplays the assignment o& the &un!tion
8eys. +ou #ill &in in&ormation a/out this on page 79.
General system parameters are altere #ith the SE( !omman.
(he C>A"GE !omman allo#s a ,ariety o& initial settings &or o/<e!t
properties.
(he G-I$ !omman sets the gri siIe an the !urrent unit. %urther
in&ormation a/out this starts on page 93.
'he *enu 3ptions>Set ES-' CommandF
Most !ommon options o& the SE( !omman are a,aila/le in the "ettings
#ino# o& the menu ;ptions/"et. (his #ino# !an /e rea!he also /y
entering on the !omman lineC
SET
2ispla0 Certain /a0ers 3nl0
(he num/er o& a,aila/le layers sho#n in the $IS*LA+ or LA+E- menu !an /e
set #ith the option 1sedD2ayers. (hat #ay it is possi/le to hie unuse layers
&or !larity reasons.
SET SE9_,*5E#S 1 16 1C 1E 1M =0 =1 =? => =C =M ?1 @@
@> >1%
store in the &ile eagle$scr sho#s only the mentione layers. A&ter
SET SE9_,*5E#S *,,%
105
all layers are a,aila/le again.
Conte7t *enu -ntries
(he right mouse /utton !onte2t menu !an /e e2tene /y ar/itrary entries
&or i&&erent o/<e!ts #hi!h are sele!ta/le #ith the mouse. (his !an /e a
simple !omman: a seKuen!e o& !ommans: or may/e a s!ript &ile or a 'ser
Language *rogram you #ant to start. (he synta2 &or the SE( !omman loo8s
li8e thisC
SET C:/TE-T o(Kecttype te)t commands%
o(Kecttype !an /eC attri/ute: !ir!le: imension: element: &rame: gate:
hole: instan!e: <un!tion: la/el: pa: pin: re!tangle:
sm: te2t: ,ia: #ire
te)t is the menu te2t entry
commands is the !omman seKuen!e: that is e2e!ute a&ter !li!8ing
onto the menu entry
E2ampleC
SET C:/TE-T 6ire +o_(ottom Fchange layer 16F %
(he !onte2t menu &or #ires Ealso polygons are mem/er o& o/<e!t type #ireF
has an aitional entry name %oDbottom #hi!h !hanges the layer to 13
#hen !li!8ing this entry.
In orer to elete all sel&9e&ine entries in the !onte2t menu o& a !ertain
o/<e!ttype: typeC
SET C:/TE-T 6ire %
(o a!hie,e the e&ault settings &or all !onte2t menusC
SET C:/TE-T %
Contents of 'he Parameter *enus
(he parameter menus &or /idth, Diameter, Drill, "MD, "i(e, :solate, "pacing,
an Miter, #hi!h are a,aila/le &or e2ample through the C>A"GE !omman:
!an /e !on&igure an &ille #ith any ,alues /y the SE( !omman. Simply list
the ,alues: separate /y /lan8s: in the !omman line.
E2ample &or the Miter menuC
SET M$TE#_ME/ 0.1 0.= 0.? 0.@ 0.> 0.6 1 1.> = ? @%
(he units o& the gi,en ,alues are etermine /y the !urrently use G-I$ in
the Eitor #ino#. A ma2imum num/er o& 13 entries is allo#e.
E2ample &or the "MD menuC
SET SM9_ME/ 1.=mm =.0mm 0.>mm 0.Mmm 0.1in 0.1@in%
%or ea!h entry o& the three ,alue pairs the unit is gi,en ire!tly. A ma2imum
num/er o& 13 ,alue pairs is allo#e.
(he ,alues in the menus are al#ays sho#n in the !urrently sele!te G-I$
unit.
106
Write the SE( !omman in the &ile eagle$scr to ma8e it e&ault &or all you
pro<e!ts.
(o return to the EAGLE e&ault settings use &or e2ample &or the /idth menuC
SET "$9T3_ME/ %
Confirm *essa,e 2ialo,s &utomaticall0
Sometimes EAGLE prompts the user #ith a #arning or in&ormational message
an #ants to 8no# ho# to pro!ee. (his may /e un#ante &or automati!
pro!esses: &or e2ample: &or e2e!uting a s!ript &ile. +ou !an e!ie on ho#
su!h a message shall /e ans#ere.
SET C:/8$#M 5ES %
ans#ers the Kuestion in the positi,e sense EKes or ;'F.
In orer to use the negati,e option E#o /utton: i& present: or simply !on&irms
the ialogF type
SET C:/8$#M /: %
(o s#it!h o&& automati! !on&irmation: use
SET C:/8$#M :88%
7lease be careful with this option) Do not use it as a general option, for
e.ample, in the beginning of a script file$ !his could lead to une.pected
results) "ee help of the "E! command for details$
Color Settin,s
(he *olors ta/ !ontains settings &or layer an /a!8groun !olors an !olors
&or gri lines or ots.
(hree !olor palettes are a,aila/leC &or /la!8: #hite an !olore /a!8groun.
Ea!h palette allo#s a ma2imum o& 30 !olor entries: #hi!h !an /e gi,en any
,alue &or the Alpha !hannel an any -G= ,alue.
107
)ettings #indo#: Color settings
I& you pre&er the ol raster )* /eha,iour o& pre,ious EAGLE ,ersions on /la!8
/a!8groun: ea!ti,ate the 1se alpha blending !he!8 /o2. In this !ase the
alpha ,alue is ignore #hen using a /la!8 /a!8groun. Colors are mi2e no#
using an )- &un!tion.
=y e&ault EAGLE uses the &irst 13 ,alues Eentries 0..11F. Eight !olors
&ollo#e /y &urther eight so9!alle highlight !olors.
(he &irst entry o& the palette etermines the /a!8groun !olor. In the #hite
palette: ho#e,er: it is not possi/le to !hange the /a!8groun !olor /e!ause
itHs neee &or print9outs: #hi!h normally are mae on #hite paper.
(he image a/o,e sho#s three /uttons in the 7alette !olumn. Cli!8 on one o&
them. %or e2ample: the /utton &or *olored =a!8groun. (he *olor #ino#
opens no#.
)n the le&t an 7 2 7 matri2 is ,isi/le that !ontains alreay 13 pre9e&ine
!olors. (here are alternating eight HnormalH !olors #ith their !orresponing
eight highlight !olors. A !olor o& the palette at position 2 !an /e gi,en the
!orresponing highlight !olor at position 2S7.
In orer to e&ine ne# ,alues sele!t an unuse /o2 o& the matri2 an a<ust
the ne# !olor #ith the help o& the !olor sele!tion area an the saturation /ar
on the right. Cli!8 "et *olor to apply your !olor. "o# sele!t a ne# !olor /o2
in the matri2 an repeat the pro!eure &or the ne2t !olor.
+ou may also enter ,alues &or Red: %reen: Elue or Bue: "at: Val an Alpha
channel ire!tly.
Alpha channel etermines the transparen!y o& the !olor. (he ,alue 0 means
the !olor is totally transparent Ein,isi/leF: the ma2imum ,alue 211 stans &or
non9transparent. %or printouts the ,alue o& the alpha !hannel is set to 211 &or
ea!h !olor.
108
Color #indo#: Defining colors
(he image a/o,e sho#s &our &urther pairs o& !olors Enormal an
!orresponing highlight !olor ,erti!ally arrangeF. In orer to !hange the
!olor palette &or an eitor #ino# sele!t the appropriate Eacground in the
menu ;ptions/1ser :nterface.
Kou should always define at least one pair of colors: a normal color and
its related highlight color$
Alternati,ely: the !olor e&inition an !hange o& palette !an /e mae in a
s!ript &ile or in the !omman line.
SET .*,ETTE Ninde)A NOrg(A
e&ines a !olor &or the !urrently use palette: #here the ,alue &or the alpha
!hannel an the !olor ,alue has to /e gi,en he2ae!imal. Ine2 stans &or the
!olor num/er: Org/ &or the ,alues &or alpha !hannel: the !olors re: /lue: an
green. E2ampleC
SET .*,ETTE 16 0)1@88880
sets the !olor num/er 13 to yello#: #hi!h !orrespons to the e!imal -G=
,alue 211 211 0 #hi!h is he2ae!imal 88 88 00. (he &irst /yte 1@
etermines the ,alue o& the alpha !hannel Ee!imal 170F.
>e2ae!imal ,alues are mar8e /y a leaing 0).
(o a!ti,ate the /la!8 !olor palette type in the !omman lineC
SET .*,ETTE 1,*C4
(he ne# palette #ill /e!ome ,isi/le a&ter re&reshing the ra#ing area #ith
the WI"$)W !omman.
(he !olor assignment &or layers is one #ith the $IS*LA+ !omman or #ith
SE( C)L)-LLA+E-.
SET C:,:#_,*5E# 16 @
e&ines: &or e2ample: the !olor num/er 0 &or layer 13.
More etails a/out the synta2 !an /e &oun in the SE( !ommanHs help.
:f you prefer to use the default color values again, start the script file
defaultcolors$scr
*iscellaneous S-' 3ptions
(he Misc ta/ o& the "ettings #ino# !ontains the most !ommon options:
#hi!h are s#it!he on or o&& /y !he!8 /o2es. Some options allo# entering
,alues.
)ptions o,er,ie#C
109
)eep1
S#it!hes on?o&& the !on&irmation /eep. $e&aultC on.
Check connects1
A!ti,ates the pa!8age !he!8 #hile pla!ing parts in the s!hemati!.
$e&aultC on.
<ndo1
S#it!hes on?o&& the uno?reo /u&&er o& the !urrent eitor #ino#. In !ase
you are #or8ing #ith a !onsistent s!hemati!?layout pair: this setting is ,ali
&or /oth eitor #ino#s. $e&aultC on.
?pti'i@in#1
Ena/les the automati! remo,al o& /ens in straight lines. $e&aultC on.
3atsnest processes pol/#ons1
(he !ontents o& polygons #ill /e !al!ulate #ith the -A(S"ES( !omman.
$e&aultC on.
,ispla/ pad na'es1
*a names are isplaye in the Layout or *a!8age Eitor. $e&aultC o&&.
Auto end net and ;us1
I& pla!ing a net on a pin or a /us the net rops &rom the mouse !ursor.
$e&aultC on.
Auto set Aunction1
Ening a net on another net a <un!tion #ill /e set automati!ally.
$e&aultC on.
Auto set route $idth and drill1
I& this option is a!ti,e: the %ollo#9me9-outer uses the ,alues &or #ire #ith
an ,ia rill iameter gi,en /y the $esign -ules or the net !lasses &or the
110
)ettings at Options.)et./isc
tra!8s. (hese ,alues #ill /e set automati!ally as soon as you are !li!8ing onto
a signal #ire.
I& this option is s#it!he o&&: EAGLE #ill ta8e the ,alue you ha,e set #ith: &or
e2ample: the pre,ious C>A"GE WI$(> !omman.
Min. 6isi;le te-t si@e1
)nly te2ts #ith the gi,en minimum siIe are isplaye.
$e&aultC . pi2els.
Min. 6isi;le #rid si@e1
Gri lines?ots #hi!h are !loser than the gi,en minimum istan!e are no
longer isplaye on the s!reen. $e&aultC 1 pi2els.
Catch !actor1
Within this raius a mouse !li!8 !an rea!h o/<e!ts. Set the ,alue to 0 in orer
to s#it!h this limitation o&&. So you !an rea!h e,en o/<e!ts that are pla!e &ar
/eyon the area o& the !urrently isplaye #ino#. $e&aultC 1X o& the height
o& the !urrent isplay #ino#.
(elect !actor1
Within this raius Egi,en in X o& the height o& the !urrent ra#ing #ino#F
EAGLE o&&ers o/<e!ts &or sele!tion. $e&aultC 2X.
(nap len#th1
$e&ines the raius o& the magneti!9pas &un!tion o& pas an SM$s.
I& you are laying tra!8s #ith the -)'(E !omman an approa!h a pa or a
SM$ /eyon the gi,en ,alue G that is to say the ynami!ally !al!ulate
air#ire /e!omes shorter than the gi,en raius G the #ire #ill /e snappe to
the pas?SM$s !enter. $e&ault ,alueC 20 mil.
,ispla/ 'ode1
*as?,ias are sho#n #ith a rill hole ErealF or #ithout it E#o drillsF.
$e&aultC real.
All SE( options !an /e use in the !omman line. Entering
SET .:,5+:/_#*TS/EST :88 or: in short SET .:,5 :88
&or instan!e: s#it!hes o&& polygon !al!ulation &or the -A(S"ES( !omman.
(he help &un!tion o&&ers aitional instru!tions a/out the SE( !omman.
'he ea,le.scr #ile
(he s!ript &ile eagle.scr is automati!ally e2e!ute #hen an eitor #ino# is
opene or #hen a ne# s!hemati! iagram: /oar or li/rary &ile is !reate:
unless a pro<e!t &ile e2ists.
It is &irst loo8e &or in the !urrent pro<e!t ire!tory. I& no &ile o& this name
e2ists there: it is loo8e &or in the ire!tory that is entere in the "cript /o2 in
the ;ptions/Directories ialog.
(his &ile !an !ontain all those !ommans that are to /e !arrie out #hene,er
an eitor #ino# Eother than the (e2t EitorF is opene.
111
(he "*B, ERD an 2ER la/els ini!ate those segments #ithin the &ile #hi!h
are only to /e e2e!ute i& the S!hemati!: Layout or Li/rary Eitor #ino# is
opene.
(he DEV, "KM an 7A* la/els ini!ate those segments #ithin the &ile #hi!h
are only to /e e2e!ute i& the $e,i!e: Sym/ol or *a!8age eitor moe is
a!ti,ate.
Commans #hi!h are e&ine /e&ore the &irst la/el Enormally ERD:F are ,ali
&or all Eitor #ino#s.
I&: /e!ause o& the spe!i&i!ations in a pro<e!t &ile: EAGLE opens one or more
eitor #ino#s #hen it starts: it is ne!essary to !lose these an to reopen
them so that the settings in eagle.scr are aopte. It is: as an alternati,e:
possi/le simply to rea the &ile eagle.scr through the SC-I*( !omman.
Comments !an /e in!lue in a s!ript &ile /y pre!eing them #ith L.
E2ample o& an eagle.s!r &ileC
P This file can (e used to configure the editor 6indo6s.
*ssign *G8? F"indo6 @%F%
*ssign *G8@ F"indo6 0.=>%F%
*ssign *G8C F+rid mm%F%
*ssign *G8E F+rid inch%F%
Menu FQdesignlinJ==.pngR Search and order S&
+eneral 2 #un designlinJ-order.ulp -general% I&
Schematic 2 #un designlinJ-order.ulp% &
TF%
BRD:
PMenu *dd Change Copy 9elete 9isplay +rid +roup Mo'e &
P/ame Uuit #ect #oute Script Sho6 Signal Split &
PTe)t 7alue 7ia "indo6 F%F "ire "rite Edit%
+rid inch 0.0> on%
+rid alt inch 0.01%
Set .ad_names on%
Set "idth_menu 0.00E 0.01 0.016%
Set 9rill_menu 0.0=@ 0.0?= 0.0@0%
Set SiHe_menu 0.0> 0.0C 0.1=%
Set sed_layers 1 16 1C 1E 1M =0 =1 == =? =@ => =6 &
=C =E ?M @0 @1 @= @? @@ @>%
Change 6idth 0.01%
Change drill 0.0=@%
Change siHe 0.0C%
SCH:
+rid 9efault%
Change "idth 0.006%
PMenu *dd 1us Change Copy 9elete 9isplay +ates6ap &
P+rid +roup $n'oJe Lunction ,a(el Mo'e /ame /et &
P.ins6ap Uuit Script Sho6 Split 7alue "indo6 F%F &
P"ire "rite Edit%
LBR:
PMenu Close E)port :pen Script "rite F%F Edit%
DEV:
+rid 9efault%
PMenu *dd Change Copy Connect 9elete 9isplay E)port &
112
P+rid Mo'e /ame .acJage .refi) Uuit Script Sho6 &
P7alue "indo6 F%F "rite Edit%
SYM:
9isplay all%
+rid 9efault :n%
Change "idth 0.010%
PMenu *rc Change Copy 9elete 9isplay E)port &
P+rid +roup Mo'e /ame .aste .in Uuit Script &
PSho6 Split Te)t 7alue "indo6 F%F "ire "rite Edit%
PAC:
+rid 9efault :n%
+rid *lt inch 0.00>%
Change "idth 0.00>%
Change SiHe 0.0>0%
Change Smd 0.0?M 0.0?M%
PMenu *dd Change Copy 9elete 9isplay +rid +roup &
PMo'e /ame .ad Uuit Script Sho6 Smd Split Te)t &
P"indo6 F%F "ire "rite Edit%
'he ea,lerc #ile
'ner Wino#s: user9spe!i&i! ata is store in the &ile eaglerc.!sr: or: uner
Linu2 an Ma!: in 1..eaglerc. (his &ile is store in the userHs home ire!tory.
I& there is no home en,ironment ,aria/le set: the &ollo#ing Wino#s registry
entry is ta8enC
34E5_C##E/T_SE#&Soft6are&Microsoft&"indo6s&Current-
7ersion&E)plorer&Shell 8olders&*pp9ata
It !ontains in&ormation a/out theC
SE( !omman E;ptions/"et menuF
ASSIG" !omman E&un!tion 8ey assignmentsF
'ser Inter&a!e
Currently loae pro<e!t EpathF
EAGLE loo8s &or the !on&iguration &ile in ,arious lo!ations in the gi,en
seKuen!e an e2e!utes them Ei& e2istingFC
RprgdirS/eaglerc ELinu2: Ma!: Wino#sF
/etc/eaglerc ELinu2 : Ma!F
>B;ME/$eagler! ELinu2: Ma!F
>B;ME/eaglerc$usr EWino#sF
(hese &iles shoul not /e eite.
It is possi/le to start EAGLE #ith the !omman line option &1 #hi!h !an /e
use to e&ine the lo!ation o& the eaglerc &ile. (his !an /e use&ul in !ase you
are #or8ing #ith i&&erent EAGLE releases an #ant to 8eep things separate.
With the help o& ,arious 'ser Language programs it is also possi/le to e&ine
settings in EAGLE. 6isit our #e/ siteC
http1BB$$$.cadso!tusa.co'Bdo$nload.ht'.
113
-&./- Pro=ect #ile
I& a ne# pro<e!t is !reate E/y !li!8ing the right mouse /utton on an entry in
the 7roFects /ran!h o& the tree ,ie# an then sele!ting #ew/7roFect in the
!onte2t menu in the Control *anelF: a ire!tory is &irst !reate #hi!h has the
name o& the pro<e!t. An eagle.epf !on&iguration &ile is automati!ally !reate
in e,ery pro<e!t ire!tory.
EAGLE ta8es note o& !hanges to o/<e!t properties that are mae #ith the
C>A"GE !omman uring eiting an the !ontents o& the /idth: Diameter:
an "i(e menus in the pro<e!t &ile.
It also !ontains in&ormation a/out the li/raries in use &or this pro<e!t.
(he position an !ontents o& the a!ti,e #ino#s at the time the program is
!lose are also sa,e here. (his assumes that the Automatically save proFect
file option uner ;ptions/Eacup in the Control *anel is a!ti,e. (his state #ill
/e re!reate the ne2t time the program starts.
114
Chapter 6
#rom Schematic to #inished Board
(his !hapter illustrates the usual route &rom ra#ing the s!hemati! iagram
to the manually route layout. *arti!ular &eatures o& the S!hemati! or Layout
Eitor #ill /e e2plaine at ,arious points. (he use o& the Autorouter: the
%ollo#9me router: an the output o& manu&a!turing ata #ill /e es!ri/e in
su/seKuent !hapters.
/e recommend to create a proFect<folder= first$ Details can be found on
page 5@$
6.1 Creatin, the Schematic 2ia,ram
(he usual pro!eure is as &ollo#sC
$e,i!es are ta8en &rom e2isting li/raries an pla!e on the ra#ing area. (he
!onne!ting points EpinsF on the $e,i!es are then <oine /y nets Eele!tri!al
!onne!tionsF. "ets !an ha,e any name: an !an /e assigne to ,arious
!lasses. *o#er supply ,oltages are generally !onne!te automati!ally. In
orer to o!ument all the supply ,oltages in the s!hemati! iagram it is
ne!essary to pla!e at least one so9!alle supply symbol &or ea!h ,oltage.
S!hemati! iagrams !an !onsist o& a num/er o& pages E/ut not in the Light
eitionF. "ets are !onne!te a!ross all the pages i& they ha,e the same name.
It is assume that li/raries !ontaining the reKuire !omponents are a,aila/le.
(he e&inition o& li/raries is es!ri/e in its o#n !hapter.
It is possi/le at any time to !reate a layout #ith the =)A-$ !omman or #ith
the Eoard i!on. As soon as a layout e2ists: /oth &iles must al#ays /e loae at
the same time. (his is ne!essary &or the asso!iation o& the s!hemati! iagram
an the /oar to &un!tion. (here are &urther instru!tions a/out this in the
se!tion on 3orwardTEac Annotation.
3pen the Schematic 2ia,ram
+ou &irst start &rom the Control *anel. %rom here you open a ne# or e2isting
s!hemati! iagram: &or instan!e /y means o& the 3ile/;pen or the %ile?"e#
menus: or #ith a ou/le !li!8 on a s!hemati! iagram &ile in the ire!tory
tree. (he s!hemati! iagram eitor appears.
115
6 From .!hemati! to Finishe" Doar"
Create more s!hemati! sheets i& neee. %or that purpose: open the !om/o
/o2 in the a!tion tool/ar #ith a mouse !li!8: an sele!t the #ew. A ne# sheet
#ill /e generate Esee page 1.F. Another #ay to get a se!on sheet is to type
in
E9$T .S=
on the !omman line. I&: ho#e,er: you o not in &a!t #ant the page: the
entire sheet is elete #ith
#EM:7E .S=
A right mouse !li!8 onto the sheet pre,ie# opens a !onte2t menu. (he
$es!ription entry allo#s to #rite a es!ripti,e te2t &or the s!hemati! sheet
#hi!h is isplaye in the thum/nail pre,ie# an in the sheet !om/o /o2 in
the a!tion tool/ar.
I& you #oul li8e to ha,e a es!ription o& the #hole s!hemati! ,isi/le in the
Control *anelHs tree,ie# use the "chematic description entry in the Edit menu
or type in the !omman lineC
9ESC#$.T$:/ !
Set the .rid
(he gri o& s!hemati! iagrams shoul al$a/s /e 0.1 in!h: i.e. 2.10 mm. "ets
an Sym/ol !onne!tion points EpinsF must lie on this !ommon gri.
)ther#ise !onne!tions #ill not /e !reate /et#een nets an pins.
Place S0mols
%irst you ha,e to ma8e a,aila/le the li/raries you #ant to ta8e elements &rom
#ith the 'SE !omman. )nly li/raries #hi!h are in use #ill /e re!ogniIe /y
the A$$ !omman an its sear!h &un!tion. More in&ormation !on!erning the
'SE !omman !an /e &oun on page 1..
/oad 2rawin, #rame
It is help&ul &irst to pla!e a &rame. (he A$$ !omman is use to sele!t
$e,i!es &rom the li/raries.
When the A$$ i!on is !li!8e: the A$$ ialog opens.
It sho#s all the li/raries that are mae a,aila/le #ith the 'SE !omman:
&irst. +ou !an e2pan the li/rary entries &or sear!hing elements manually or
you !an use the sear!h &un!tion.
A letter &ormat &rame is to /e use. Enter the sear!h 8ey letter in the "earch
line at the lo#er le&t: an press the Enter 8ey. (he sear!h result sho#s a
num/er o& entries &rom frames$lbr. I& you sele!t one o& the entries
E2E!!ERD7F: a pre,ie# is sho#n on the right: pro,ie the 7review option is
a!ti,e. $isa/ling the option Description e2!lues the partHs es!ripti,e te2ts.
:n the "chematic Editor you are searching for Device names and terms of
the Device description, in the 2ayout Editor for 7acage names and terms
116
6$1 1reatin0 the .!hemati! ?ia0ram
of the 7acage description)
Cli!8ing ;' !loses the A$$ #ino#: an you return to the s!hemati!
iagram eitor. (he &rame is no# hanging &rom the mouse: an it !an /e put
o#n. (he /ottom le&t han !orner o& the &rame is usually at the !oorinate
origin E0 0F.
Li/rary names: $e,i!e names an terms &rom the $e,i!e es!ription !an /e
use as sear!h 8eys. Wil!ars su!h as 2 or 3 are allo#e. A num/er o& sear!h
8eys: separate /y spa!es: !an /e use.
A,, dialo#1 3esults !ro' the search ke/ letter
(he A$$ !omman may also /e entere ,ia the !omman line or in s!ript
&iles. (he &rame !an also /e pla!e using the !ommanC
add letter_p<frames.l(r
Wil!ars li8e ! an ; may also /e use in the !omman line. (he !omman
add letter!<frames.l(r
&or e2ample opens the A$$ #ino#s an sho#s ,arious &rames in letter
&ormat to sele!t.
(he sear!h #ill only e2amine li/raries that are in use. (hat means that the
li/rary has /een loae /y the 'SE !omman E2ibrary/1seF.
I& a !ertain li/rary shoul not /e liste in the A$$ ialog anymore: sele!t the
li/rary name in the tree an !li!8 the Drop /utton. "o# it is not in use
anymore.
Drawing frames are defined with the 3RAME command$
117
!his can be done in a library, where the frame can be combined with a
document field$ EA%2E can also use the 3RAME command in the
"chematic as well as the Eoard Editor$ Details about defining a drawing
frame can be found on page @?M$
Place Circuit S0mols E.atesF
All &urther $e,i!es are &oun an pla!e /y means o& the me!hanism
es!ri/e a/o,e. +ou e!ie a *a!8age ,ariant at this early stage. It !an easily
/e !hange later i& it shoul turn out that a i&&erent *a!8age &orm is use in
the layout.
I& you ha,e pla!e a $e,i!e #ith A$$: an then #ant to return to the A$$
ialog in orer to !hoose a ne# $e,i!e: press the Esc 8ey or !li!8 the A$$
i!on again.
Gi,e the $e,i!es names an ,alues E"AME: 6AL'EF.
I& the te2t &or the name or the ,alue is lo!ate a#8#arly: separate them
&rom the $e,i!e #ith SMAS>: an then mo,e them to #hate,er position you
pre&er #ith M)6E. Cli!8ing #ith $ELE(E on a te2t ma8es it in,isi/le.
'se the "hift 8ey #ith SMAS> to get the te2ts at their original positions. (he
te2ts are no# no longer separate &rom the $e,i!e EunsmashF. $ea!ti,ating
the "mashed option in the !onte2t menuHs 7roperties #ino# is the same.
M)6E relo!ates elements: an $ELE(E remo,es them. With I"%) or S>)W
in&ormation a/out an element is isplaye on the s!reen.
-)(A(E turns gates /y 90V. (he same !an /e one #ith a right mouse !li!8
#hile the M)6E !omman is a!ti,e.
Multiple use parts may /e !opie #ith the C)*+ !omman. C)*+ pla!es
al#ays a ne# part e,en i& it !onsists o& se,eral gates an not all o& them are
alreay use.
A group o& o/<e!ts E!omponents: nets...F !an /e reprou!e in the s!hemati!
iagram #ith the ai o& the G-)'*: C)*+ an *AS(E !ommans. %irst ma8e
sure that all the layers are mae ,isi/le E$IS*LA+ ALLF.
Hidden Suppl0 .ates
Some $e,i!es are e&ine in the li/raries in su!h a #ay that the po#er supply
pins are not ,isi/le on the s!hemati! iagram. 6isi/ility is not ne!essary: sin!e
all the po#er pins #ith the same name are automati!ally !onne!te:
regarless o& #hether or not they are ,isi/le.
I& you #ant to !onne!t a net ire!tly to one o& the hien pins: &et!h the gate
into the s!hemati! iagram #ith the ai o& the I"6)@E !omman. Cli!8 onto
the I"6)@E i!on: an then on the $e,i!e !on!erne: assuming that it is
lo!ate on the same sheet o& the s!hemati! iagram. I& the gate is to /e
pla!e on a i&&erent s!hemati! iagram sheet: go to that sheet: a!ti,ate
I"6)@E: an type the name o& the $e,i!e on the !omman line. Sele!t the
118
esire Gate in the I"6)@E #ino#: then pla!e it. (hen <oin the supply gate
to the esire net.
*-4O5E: +ate P is to be placed
2evices with Several .ates
Some $e,i!es !onsist not o& one /ut o& se,eral Gates. (hese !an normally /e
pla!e onto the s!hemati! iagram one a&ter another #ith the A$$
!omman. (o pla!e a !ertain Gate you !an use the Gate name ire!tly.
E2ampleC
(he $e,i!e O5G-- &rom the O5..&eu li/rary #ith *a!8age ,ariant # an in A*
te!hnology !onsists o& &or "A"$ gates name A to D an one po#er gate
name 7. I& you #ant to pla!e the Gate * &irst: use the Gate name #ith the
A$$ !ommanC
*99 F$C1F FCF C@*C00<C@))-eu.l(r
See also help &un!tion &or the A$$ !omman.
As soon as one Gate has /een pla!e: the ne2t one is atta!he to the mouse
EAle,el is #e.tF. *la!e one Gate a&ter another on the iagram. When all the
Gates in one $e,i!e ha,e /een use: the ne2t $e,i!e is /rought in.
I& the Gates in one $e,i!e are istri/ute o,er se,eral sheets: pla!e them &irst
#ith A$$: !hange to the other sheet o& the s!hemati! iagram: an type: &or
e2ample
$/7:4E $C1
on the !omman line. Sele!t the esire Gate &rom the I"6)@E #ino#.
:f you select one of the already placed %ate entries in the :#V;'E
window, the ;' button changes to "how$ *lic the "how button, and the
selected %ate is shown in the center of the current "chematic Editor
window$
119
2esi,nlin! G &ccess to #arnellGs 3nline Product 2ataase
With the help o& designlin&order$ulp you !an o a general prou!t sear!h or a
sear!h &or all parts o& your s!hemati!: !he!8 pri!e an a,aila/ility an orer
ire!tly at %arnell?"e#ar8. %oun orer !oes !an /e sa,e as part attri/utes
the s!hemati!. (he orer list !an /e e2porte.
Cli!8 onto the esignlin8 i!on to /egin. (his i!on is sho#n ne2t to
the a!tion tool/ar. It is part o& the te2t menu #hi!h !an /e s#it!he on or o&&
through the ;ptions/1ser :nterface menu.
(he %eneral option starts a general prou!t sear!h. (he 'L* sho#s a #ino#
#here you !an enter a sear!h string. +ou #ill /e !onne!te to the
%arnell?"e#ar89Ser,er ire!tly: #here the 'L* sear!hes &or the gi,en sear!h
string: an &inally isplays the mat!hes.
(he "chematic option starts a sear!h &or all the parts use in your s!hemati!.
(he sear!h term is the ,alue o& ea!h !omponent. As a result you #ill get a
parts list #ith %arnell?"e#ar8 orer !oes.
Some EAGLE li/raries alreay !ontain attri/utes #ith in&ormation a/out
%arnell?"e#ar8 orer !oes. In !ase there is no orer !oe a,aila/le in the
li/rary: or there is no mat!h at the %arnell?"e#ar8 #e/ site: the list #ill mar8
the orer !oe as unnown. $ou/le9!li!8 onto this entry &or starting a manual
sear!h. As soon as all the !omponents you #oul li8e to put into the
%arnell?"e#ar8 shopping !art ha,e got an orer !oe: !li!8 onto Add to
shopping cart.
(he 'L* !omes #ith a etaile help #hi!h e2plains &un!tionality an usage.
As an alternati,e you !an start the 'L* #ith the -'" !omman.
#/ designlinJ-order Q-generalRIQ-sopR
:n case you are connected to the internet via a 7ro.y server, you have to
set pro.y name and used port in the EA%2E *ontrol 7anel6s Belp/*hec
for 1pdate, *onfigure menu$
%or upating li/raries #ith %arnell?"e#ar8 orer !oes you !an use
designlin&lbr$ulp. Start it in a Li/rary Eitor #ino# an it loops through all
$e,i!es sear!hing &or orer !oes at the %arnell?"e#ar8 #e/ site. %inally
there #ill /e !reate three attri/utesC
AM8 &or manu&a!turer: AM./ &or manu&a!turer part num/er: A:C_8*#/E,,
or :C_/E"*#4 &or the orer !oe.
120
)irin, the Schematic 2ia,ram
2raw 1ets E1-'F
(he "E( !omman e&ines the !onne!tions /et#een the pins. "ets /egin an
en at the !onne!tion points o& a pin. (his is ,isi/le #hen layer 9.: 7ins: is
isplaye E$IS*LA+ !ommanF.
"ets are al#ays gi,en an automati!ally generate name. (his !an /e !hange
/y means o& the "AME !omman. "ets #ith the same name are !onne!te to
one another: regarless o& #hether or not they appear !ontinuous on the
ra#ing. (his applies e,en #hen they appear on i&&erent sheets.
I& a net is ta8en to another net: a /us: or a pin !onne!ting point: the net line
ens there an is !onne!te. I& no !onne!tion is mae #hen the net is pla!e:
the net line !ontinues to /e atta!he to the mouse. (his /eha,ior !an /e
!hange through the ;ptions/"et/Misc menu Eusing the Auto end net and bus
optionF. I& this option is ea!ti,ate: a ou/le !li!8 is neee to en a net.
"ets are sho#n on layer 91: #ets.
"ets must en e2a!tly at a pin !onne!ting point in orer to /e <oine. A net is
not <oine to the pin i& it ens some#here on the pin line.
EAGLE #ill in&orm you a/out the resulting net name or o&&er a sele!tion o&
possi/le names i& you are !onne!ting i&&erent nets.
(he ;'"C(I)" !omman is use to mar8 !onne!tions on nets that !ross one
another. ;un!tions are pla!e /y e&ault. (his option: EAuto set FunctionF: !an
also /e ea!ti,ate through the ;ptions/"et/Misc menu.
"ets must /e ra#n #ith the "E( !omman: not #ith the WI-E !omman.
$o not !opy net lines #ith the C)*+ !omman. I& you o this: the ne# net
lines #onHt get ne# net names. (his !oul result in un#ante !onne!tions.
I& the M)6E !omman is use to mo,e a net o,er another net: or o,er a pin:
no ele!tri!al !onne!tion is !reate.
(o !he!8 this: you !an !li!8 the net #ith the S>)W !omman. All the
!onne!te pins an nets #ill /e highlighte. I& a Gate is mo,e: the nets
!onne!te to it #ill /e ragge along.
A simple ienti&ier E#ithout HRE3 option: see ne2t se!tion a/out Cross
-e&eren!esF !an /e pla!e on a net #ith the LA=EL !omman. *ro,ie you
ha,e e&ine a &iner alternati,e gri: la/els !an /e arrange !om&orta/ly in
the &iner gri #ith the Alt 8ey presse.
2efinin, Cross;5eferences for 1ets
I& you pla!e a LA=EL #ith a!ti,e HRE3 option &or a net: a !ross9re&eren!e #ill
/e sho#n automati!ally. It points to the ne2t sheet #here the net o!!urs
again. $epening on the rotation o& the la/el the !ross9re&eren!e re&ers to a
pre,ious or a &ollo#ing s!hemati! sheet. I& the la/el itsel& goes to#ars the
right or /ottom /orer o& the ra#ing: the !ross9re&eren!e sho#s the ne2t
higher page num/er. I& the la/el points to the le&t or top /orer: the pre,ious
pages are ta8en into !onsieration. In the !ase that the net is only a,aila/le
121
on one sheet: this !ross re&eren!e is sho#n: inepenently &rom the rotation
o& the la/el.
I& the net is only on the !urrent sheet: only the net name an possi/ly the
la/elHs &rame aroun it is sho#n. (his epens on the Href label format
e&inition #hi!h !an /e one in the menu ;ptions/"et/Misc E!an /e e&ine
,ia SE(: tooF.
(he HRE3 option !an /e a!ti,ate in the parameter tool/ar o& the LA=EL
!omman or a&ter pla!ing the la/el #ith C>A"GE 4-E% )".
(he &ollo#ing pla!eholers &or e&ining the la/el &ormat are allo#eC
V8 ena/les ra#ing a &lag /orer aroun the la/el
V/ the name o& the net
VS the ne2t sheet num/er
VC the !olumn on the ne2t sheet
V# the ro# on the ne2t sheet
(he e&ault &ormat string is V8V//VS.VCV#. Apart &rom the e&ine
pla!eholers you !an also use any other ASCII !hara!ters. I& VC or V# is use
an there is no &rame on that sheet: they #ill isplay a Kuestion mar8 H ;H. See
also page 219.
(he lo#er la/el in the pi!ture points to the right an re&ers to the net AE* on
the ne2t page A: &iel 0A: the upper 4-E% la/el points to the le&t E/eginning
#ith the origin pointF an re&ers to the pre,ious page 4: &iel @D.
I& a HRE3 la/el is pla!e on a net line ire!tly: it #ill /e mo,e together #ith
the net.
More in&ormation a/out !ross9re&eren!es !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion
&or the LA=EL !omman.
122
Cross6reference #ith a XRE7 label
Cross;5eferences for Contacts
In !ase you are ra#ing an Ele!tri!al S!hemati! an using: &or e2ample:
ele!tro9me!hani!al relays: EAGLE !an isplay a !onta!t !ross9re&eren!e. In
orer to o that: pla!e the te2t S*;#!A*!DHRE3 insie the S!hemati!Hs
ra#ing &rame. (his te2t is not isplaye in the ra#ing Ee2!epte its origin
!rossF: /ut its position Ethe y !oorinateF etermines &rom #here on the
!onta!t !ross9re&eren!e #ill /e ra#n on the !urrent sheet. As soon as this
te2t is pla!e the !onta!t !ross9re&eren!e #ill /e isplaye.
(he &ormat o& the !onta!t !ross9re&eren!es !an /e e&ine 9 as &or net !ross9
re&eren!es G in the ;ptions/"et/Misc menu. It uses the same &ormat ,aria/les
as es!ri/e in the pre,ious se!tion Defining cross&references for nets. (he
e&ault setting isC /VS.VCV#: #hi!h means ?7agenumber$*olumnRow.
(he ,aria/les U* &or !olumn an UR &or ro# !an only #or8 #ith a ra#ing
&rame that #as e&ine #ith the %-AME !omman an !omes #ith a
!olumn?ro# grauation.
%or a proper isplay o& the !onta!t !ross9re&eren!es in the S!hemati! the
elements ha,e to /e e&ine in the Li/rary Eitor a!!oring to !ertain rules.
More in&ormation a/out this !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion uner Conta!t
!ross9re&eren!e an in the !hapter a/out 2ibraries and *omponent Design later
in this manual.
123
Electrical )che"atic #ith contact cross6reference
Specif0in, 1et Classes
(he CLASS !omman spe!i&ies a net !lass EEdit/#et classes menuF. (he net
!lass spe!i&ies the minimum tra!8 #ith: the minimum !learan!e to 8eep
a#ay &rom other signals an the minimum hole iameter &or ,ias in the
layout. Ea!h net primarily /elongs to net !lass 0. =y e&ault all ,alues are set
to 0 &or this net !lass: #hi!h means that the ,alues gi,en in the $esign -ules
are ,ali. +ou !an use up to 13 net !lasses. Creating a net !lass !an /e
!an!elle #ith the '"$) !omman.
-et classes: Para"eter settings
(he image sho#s three aitional net !lasses e&ineC
All nets that /elong to !lass 0: default: #ill /e !he!8e /y the settings o& the
$esign -ules.
"et !lass num/er 1: &or e2ample: has got the name 7ower an e&ines a
minimum tra!8 width o& 00 mil.
(he minimum drill iameter &or ,ias o& this !lass is set to 20 mil.
(he clearance /et#een tra!8s o& net !lass 1 an tra!8s that /elong to other
net !lasses is also set to 20 mil.
(he le&t !olumn #r pre9e&ines the net !lass o& the ne2t net that is ra#n #ith
the "E( !omman. (his sele!tion !an /e mae in the parameter tool/ar o&
the "E( !omman: as #ell.
I& you #oul li8e to e&ine spe!ial !learan!e ,alues /et#een !ertain net
!lasses: !li!8 the /utton mar8e #ith SS$ !he *learance Matri. opens. Enter
your ,alues here.
124
-et classes: The Clearance /atri%
(o return to the simple ,ie#: !li!8 the YY /utton. (his is only possi/le:
ho#e,er: i& there are no ,alues e&ine in the matri2. (he net !lasses !an /e
!hange later /y means o& the C>A"GE !omman Ethe *lass optionF in the
S!hemati! an in the Layout Eitor.
"et !lass e&inition !an /e one in the Layout Eitor: as #ell.
2rawin, a us EB%SF
=uses re!ei,e names #hi!h etermine #hi!h signals they in!lue. A /us is a
ra#ing o/<e!t. It oes not !reate any ele!tri!al !onne!tions. (hese are
al#ays !reate /y means o& the nets an their names. (he asso!iate menu
&un!tion is a spe!ial &eature o& a /us. A menu opens i& you !li!8 onto the /us
#ith "E(. (he !ontents o& the menu are etermine /y the /us name.
(he /us in the iagram is name Eus4:AV-$$4@W,DV-$$OW,*loc.
Cli!8ing on the /us line #hile the "E( !omman is a!ti,e: opens the menu as
illustrate a/o,e. (he name o& the net that is to /e pla!e is sele!te &rom
here.
125
'!s "en!
(he ine2 o& a partial /us name may run &rom 0 to 111.
(he help &un!tion gi,es &urther in&ormation a/out the ='S !omman.
Pinswap and .ateswap
*ins or Gates that ha,e the same S#aple,el !an /e e2!hange #ith one
another. (hese properties are spe!i&ie either #hen the Sym/ol is e&ine
E*ins#apF or #hen the $e,i!e is !reate EGates#apF.
*ro,ie the S#aple,el o& t#o pins is the same: they !an /e e2!hange &or
one another. $isplay layer 9.: 7ins: in orer to ma8e the S#aple,el o& the
pins ,isi/le.
*ins or Gates may not /e s#appe i& the S#aple,el O 0.
)#aple$el: Pins laer is $isible
Input pins 1 an 2 ha,e S#aple,el 4: so they !an /e e2!hange #ith one
another. (he output pin: .: #hi!h has S#aple,el -: !annot /e e2!hange.
+ou !an &in the S#aple,el o& a Gate /y means o& the I"%) !omman: &or
e2ample: type in the !omman line $/8: $C=*. Alternati,ely ,ia the !onte2t
menu: 7roperties entry.
126
Power Suppl0
*ins e&ine as ha,ing the ire!tion 7wr are automati!ally #ire up. (his is
true: e,en i& the asso!iate po#er gate has not e2pli!itly /een &et!he into
the s!hemati!. (he name o& the *#r pin etermines the name o& the ,oltage
line. (his is alreay &i2e /y the e&inition o& the Sym/ols in the li/rary.
I& nets are !onne!te to a $e,i!eHs *#r pins: then these pins are not
automati!ally #ire. (hey are <oine instea to the !onne!te net.
%or e,ery *#r9pin there must /e at least one pin #ith the same name /ut the
ire!tion "up Ea supply pinF. (here must /e one on e,ery sheet. (hese Sup
pins are &et!he into the s!hemati! in the &orm o& po#er supply sym/ols: an
are e&ine as $e,i!es in a li/rary Esee supplyG$lbrF. (hese $e,i!es o not
ha,e a *a!8age: sin!e they o not represent !omponents. (hey are use to
represent the supply ,oltages in the s!hemati! iagram: as is reKuire /y the
Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 EE-CF &or the purposes o& its logi!al !he!8s.
6arious supply ,oltages: su!h as 0 6 or G"$: #hi!h are to ha,e the same
potential EG"$: letHs sayF: !an /e !onne!te /y aing the !orresponing
supply sym/ols an !onne!ting them #ith a net. (his net is then gi,en the
name o& that potential Ee.g. G"$F.
)!ppl s"bols
I& you pla!e a supply pin Eire!tion "upF onto a net E#ith A$$ or M)6EF:
you #ill /e as8e &or a ne# net name. Shoul it /e the name o& the supply
pin or shoul the net name remain un!hange?
Cli!8 Kes Ee&aultF &or renaming the net #ith the name o& the supply pin Ein
the image a/o,eC A%#DF. Cli!8 #o to preser,e the !urrent net name EVA4F.
I& the net has an automati!ally generate name: li8e #>4: you may suppress
this #arning message. 'se the SE( !omman in the !omman lineC
SET "arning.Supply.in*uto:'er6rite+enerated/et/ame 1%
127
)!ppl pin na"e as ne# net na"e3
I& the last supply pin o& a net is elete: the net #ill get an automati!ally
generate name: li8e #>4.
:f there is no supply pin in the supply libraries that fits to your voltage in
the schematic, you have to define a new supply pin) Renaming an already
e.isting supply pin is the wrong way and can lead to une.pected results)
2efine &ttriutes
.loal &ttriutes
It is possi/le to e&ine Glo/al Attri/utes in the S!hemati!: &or e2ample: &or the
author or a pro<e!t ienti&i!ation num/er: that !an /e pla!e any#here in the
s!hemati!: o&ten use in the o!&iel o& the ra#ing &rame.
)pen the ialog through the Edit/%lobal Attributes$$$ menu. Cli!8 the /utton
#ew to e&ine a ne# Glo/al Attri/ute. It !onsists o& the attri/uteHs name an
its ,alue.
I& you #ant to ma8e a glo/al attri/ute ,isi/le in the s!hemati!: #rite a
pla!eholer #ith the (E4( !omman. %or the A1!B;R attri/ute: #rite the
te2t Sauthor.
It oes not matter: i& it is #ritten in lo#er or upper !ase letters. (he
U !hara!ter in &ront o& the te2t ini!ates that this is spe!ial te2t.
It is possi/le to e&ine the pla!eholer te2t alreay in the Li/rary: &or
e2ample: in a Sym/ol o& a ra#ing &rame. In this !ase the glo/al attri/ute #ill
/e sho#n on ea!h s!hemati! sheet !ontaining this &rame.
%lobal Attributes can be defined in the "chematic and 2ayout separately$
More in&ormation on this !an /e &oun in the A((-I='(E !ommanHs help.
128
+lobal Attrib!tes: The A!thor attrib!te is created
&ttriutes for -lements
(he A((-I='(E !omman allo#s you to e&ine attri/utes &or $e,i!es. An
attri/ute !onsists o& the attri/ute name an its ,alue that may pro,ie any
in&ormation. I& there alreay e2ists an attri/ute that has /een e&ine in the
li/rary: you may alter the ,alue in the s!hemati!.
Cli!8ing the A((-I='(E i!on an then onto a $e,i!e opens a ialog
#ino#. It lists the partHs attri/utes alreay e&ine in the s!hemati! or in the
li/rary.
(he image a/o,e sho#s the attri/utes D:"!R:E1!;R: :D&#1MEER: an !EM7
&or part -1. (he i!ons on the right ini!ate #here the attri/ute !omes &ormC
glo/ally in the S!hemati!
glo/ally in the Layout
in the Li/raryHs $e,i!e Eitor
&or the element in the S!hemati!
&or the *a!8age in the Layout
(he three attri/utes o& the e2ample ialog a/o,e !ome &rom the li/rary.
Attributes that are defined in the 2ayout Editor are not shown in the
"chematic Editor$ A newly defined attribute in the "chematic adopts the
value of an already e.isting attribute in the 2ayout$
2efinin, a 1ew &ttriute
Cli!8 onto the #ew /utton to e&ine a ne# attri/ute in the s!hemati!. In the
&ollo#ing ialog you !an e&ine #ame: Value: an the Display moe.
In this image the attri/uteHs name is !;2ERA#*E, its ,alue is 4U.
129
Attrib!te dialog
With the Display option you manage the #ay the attri/ute is isplaye in the
ra#ing. (here are &our options a,aila/leC
?!!C (he attri/ute is not ,isi/le
2alueC )nly the attri/uteHs ,alue is ,isi/le E4UF
:a'eC )nly the attri/uteHs name is ,isi/le E!;2ERA#*EF
)othC "ame an ,alue are ,isi/le E!;2ERA#*E X 4UF
I& the Display option is not set ;ff: the respe!ti,e te2t #ill /e isplaye at the
$e,i!eHs or GateHs origin. (he layer #hi!h is preset in the S!hemati!: &or
e2ample #ith C>A"GE LA+E- /e&ore !reating the attri/ute: etermines the
te2tHs layer. Lo!ation an layer !an /e !hange any time.
I& there is an alreay e&ine pla!eholer te2t &or an element in the li/rary:
the te2t sho#s up at the gi,en lo!ation. It is possi/le to un&i2 su!h te2ts #ith
the SMAS> !omman. "o# you !an mo,e it: !hange its layer: the &ont: its
siIe an so on.
Chan,in, an &ttriuteGs 9alue
6alues o& attri/utes that are alreay e&ine in the li/rary !an /e !hange in
the S!hemati! Eitor. A&ter !hanging an attri/uteHs ,alue: the attri/utes
ialog isplays spe!ial i!ons that ini!ate the attri/uteHs status. (he i!ons
ha,e the &ollo#ing meaningC
the yello# i!on ini!ates that the attri/ute initially #as e&ine
#ith a variable ,alue an that the ,alue has /een !hange.
the re i!on ini!ates that the ,alue o& the attri/ute #hi!h #as
initially e&ine as constant has /een !hange a&ter a !on&irmation
prompt.
the plain /ro#n i!on ini!ates that a glo/al attri/ute #as
o,er#ritten /y a part attri/ute. (he ,alue: ho#e,er: remaine
un!hange.
the /ro#n i!on #ith the uneKual sign ini!ates that a glo/al
attri/ute #as o,er#ritten /y a part attri/ute an the ,alue has
/een !hange.
130
Create and change attrib!tes
Attrib!te dialog #ith different attrib!tes
Graye te2t in the Attri/utesH ialog ini!ates that it !anHt /e !hange or
rather the elementHs attri/ute ,alue #as e&ine as constant in the li/rary.
(he i!ons in&orm you a/out the attri/uteHs origin an its !urrent status. Mo,e
the mouse !ursor onto one o& the i!ons to let EAGLE isplay tool tip te2ts to
e2plain its meaning: pro,ie the =u//le help in ;ptions/1ser interface is
a!ti,e.
More etails on e&ining attri/utes !an /e &oun in the li/rary !hapter
/eginning #ith page 210.
-5C H Chec! and Correct Schematic
A s!hemati! iagram must /e !he!8e #ith the ai o& the Ele!tri!al -ule
Che!8 EE-CF: #hen the esign o& the s!hemati! iagram has /een !omplete:
i& not /e&ore. It is a!tually a goo iea to run the EE-CF many times uring
your esign pro!ess to !at!h errors immeiately. (o start the Ele!tri!al -ule
Che!8 !li!8 onto the E-C i!on in the !omman menu or the entry Erc$$$
in the !ools menu.
All the errors an #arnings are liste in the E-C Error #ino#. Errors are
mar8e #ith a re i!on: #arnings #ith a yello# i!on.
In the !ase o& a !orresponing /oar &ile: the E-C also !he!8s the !onsisten!y
/et#een s!hemati! an /oar. I& there are no i&&eren!es: E-C reports Eoard
and schematic are consistent. )ther#ise the E-C Errors #ino# !ontains a
/ran!h #ith *onsistency errors. %or &urther in&ormation on this see page 171.
It is possi/le to sort the errors an #arnings: as!ening or es!ening: /y
error types or sheet num/ers. !li!8 onto the !olumn heaers !ype or "heet
there&ore.
131
I& you sele!t an entry in the Errors or /arnings /ran!h: a line points to the
!orresponing lo!ation in the s!hemati! iagram. In !ase you Ioome into
the ra#ing: you !an !li!8 the option *entered$ (he !urrently sele!te error is
sho#n in the mile o& the ra#ing #ino# no#.
*lease !he!8 ea!h error an e,ery #arning.
In some situations it may /e the !ase that you #ant to tolerate an error or a
#arning. 'se the Approve /utton &or this. (he error?#arning entry #ill /e
remo,e &rom the Errors or /arnings /ran!h an appears in the Approved
/ran!h.
I& you #ant to ha,e the !apa/ility o& isplaying an appro,e error?#arning
o!!urren!e in the Errors or /arnings /ran!h: e2pan the Approved /ran!h:
sele!t the error entry an !li!8 the Disapprove /utton. "o# it is treate as a
normal error?#arning an is mar8e in the s!hemati!.
An appro,e error?#arning retains its appro,e status as long as you o not
isappro,e it /y !li!8ing the Disapprove /utton. E,en a ne# E-C #onHt
!hange this status.
I& the Errors #ino# lists appro,e errors or #arnings only: it #onHt open
automati!ally a&ter running the Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 again. (he status line o&
the S!hemati! Eitor: ho#e,er: #ill sho# the &ollo#ing hintC
ER*: @ approved errors/warnings
Mo,ing an entry &rom one /ran!h into the other: mar8s the s!hemati! &ile as
!hange an not sa,e.
132
The ERC Errors #indo#
While !orre!ting the error in the /oar: the E-C Errors #ino# may remain
open. A&ter !orre!ting an error or #arning you !an mar8 the entry as
7rocessed in the error list /y !li!8ing onto the 7rocessed /utton. (he
error?#arning i!on turns gray no#. Entries mar8e as pro!esse #ill /e
remem/ere as long as you onHt start E-C again. -e9opening the E-C Errors
#ino# #ith the E--)-S !omman: sho#s the same status as you le&t
it at last.
I& you !li!8 onto the *lear all /utton: the Errors an /arnings /ran!hes #ill
/e !leare. Appro,e errors an #arnings: ho#e,er: #ill remain in the
Approved /ran!h. (he message 2ist was cleared by user is sho#n then.
I& you i not run an E-C /e&ore: the E--)-S !omman #ill start it
automati!ally /e&ore opening the errors #ino#.
!he ER* checs the schematic diagram according to a rigid set of rules$ :t
can sometimes happen that an error message or warning can be
tolerated$
:f necessary, mae an output of net and pin lists with the EH7;R!
command$
"B;/ allows nets to be traced in the schematic diagram$
3r,aniIe Schematic Sheets
I& your s!hemati! is a /it more !omple2 or you #ant to use more than one
sheet: &or e2ample: &or /etter reaa/ility: you !an a Ean also remo,eF
sheets #ith the help o& the sheet thum/nailsH !onte2t menu. Cli!8 #ith the
right mouse /utton onto one o& the thum/nails that are lo!ate on the le&t
sie o& the S!hemati! Eitor #ino#.
A ne# sheet is al#ays ae as the last one.
(he s!hemati! sheets !an /e sorte /y ragging an ropping the thum/nails.
(here&ore !li!8 #ith the le&t mouse /utton on a thum/nail an rag it to its
ne# position.
Alternati,ely you !an sort the sheets #ith the E$I( !omman in the
!omman lineC
E9$T .s> .s=
mo,es sheet num/er 1 at the position /e&ore sheet num/er 2. %urther
in&ormation a/out this !an /e &oun in the E$I( !ommanHs help &un!tion.
Go to the ;ptions/1ser interface menu in orer to s#it!h on?o&& the sheet
pre,ie#.
/hen switching between schematic sheets, the current (oom level of each
sheet will be maintained$
133
Points to 1ote for the Schematic -ditor
Superimposed Pins
*ins #ill /e !onne!te i& the !onne!tion point o& an un!onne!te pin is pla!e
onto the !onne!tion point o& another pin. *ins #ill not /e !onne!te i& you
pla!e a pin that is alreay !onne!te to a net line onto another pin.
3pen Pins when *39-in,
I& a Gate is mo,e then its open pins #ill /e !onne!te to any nets or other
pins #hi!h may /e present at its ne# lo!ation. 'se '"$) i& this has
happene unintentionally.
2uplicatin, a Section of the Schematic
I& you #ant to use a !ertain se!tion o& your s!hemati! se,eral times: you !an
use G-)'* an C)*+ !ommans in orer to put this part into the !lip/oar:
an then use *AS(E to pla!e the group on the same or on a i&&erent sheet o&
your s!hemati!.
(he upli!ate !omponents #ill get ne# names. "ets !onne!te to a supply
pin or mar8e #ith a LA=EL #ill 8eep their original name: pro,ie the
supply pin an the la/el is part o& the sele!te group. All other nets #ill get
ne# names.
)ith Consistent /a0out
In !ase you alreay !reate a /oar &rom your s!hemati!: the paste
!omponents in the layout #ill /e pla!e le&t o& the /oarHs origin. As usual the
!omponents ha,e to /e arrange an the air#ires route then.
*er,e 2ifferent Schematic #iles
It is possi/le to paste a #hole s!hemati! into the !urrent ra#ing. (his !an /e
one #ith Edit/7aste from$$$$ (he ne# sheets #ill /e appene to the !urrent
ones: epening on the num/er o& sheets o& the sour!e s!hemati!. +ou !an re9
orer the sheets /y ragDrop a&ter#ars.
While inserting a group EAGLE !he!8s the o/<e!tsH names an !ompares them
#ith those alreay e2isting in the !urrent s!hemati!. EAGLE #ill sho# a
#ino# #here you get in&ormation a/out the net names. (he ta/le sho#s a
list #ith the original names o& the s!hemati! you #ant to paste: in the !olumn
;ld name: an the net names: in the !olumn #ew name: EAGLE suggests &or
this s!hemati! a&ter pasting it into the !urrent ra#ing. =y !li!8ing onto an
entry you !an in&luen!e the net names an e!ie a/out them /y yoursel&.
"ames o& nets that ha,e a la/el or are !onne!te to a supply pin: #ill remain
un!hange /y e&ault. In the 7aste from$$$ list su!h nets are mar8e #ith
i!ons that #ant to tell you #hatHs the reason &or lea,ing this net name
un!hange. )& !ourse you are allo#e to !hange su!h a net name as #ell.
ItHs possi/le to pre9e&ine an o&&set &or the enumeration o& the !omponents: i&
you use the *AS(E !omman in the !omman lineC
134
.*STE =00 channel1.sch
as the s!hemati! #ith name channel4$sch into the ra#ing an in!rements
the !omponentsH names #ith an o&&set o& 200. -1 o& channel4$sch #ill /e
name -201 in the !urrent ra#ing then.
(his &un!tion is also a,aila/le through the 3ile/:mport$$$ menu.
)ith Consistent /a0out
In !ase you are #or8ing #ith a !onsistent pair o& s!hemati! an /oar &iles:
the re&erring /oar #ill /e paste into the /oar &ile o& the !urrently loae
pro<e!t. (he layout #ill /e pla!e le&t o& the alreay e2isting layout. It !an /e
mo,e #ith G-)'* an M)6E a&ter#ars.
As an alternati,e to the Edit/7aste from$$$ menu an typing the *AS(E
!omman into the !omman line: it is possi/le to ragDrop a s!hemati! or a
layout &rom the tree,ie#Hs proFects /ran!h o& the Control *anel into an opene
S!hemati! or Layout Eitor #ino#.
*ulti;Channel 2evices
(his &un!tionality !an /e use to easily !reate multi9!hannel e,i!esC
%inish the s!hemati! o& one !hannel an !reate the /oar o& it. (hen arrange
the !omponents an route your layout. When this is one use 7aste from$$$$
an !opy the s!hemati!?layout pair as o&ten as neee into on !ommon
s!hemati!?/oar &ile pair.
I& you start 7aste from$$$ in the Layout Eitor: the layout #ill /e atta!he to
the mouse !ursor an you !an pla!e it #here you #oul li8e to ha,e it. (he
s!hemati! part #ill /e ae on a ne# page in the !urrent s!hemati!. I& you
135
-etna"es before and after pasting the sche"atic
are using the !omman line in the Layout Eitor you !an use !oorinates &or
an e2a!t pla!ement.
.*STE TEST.1#9 B10 ?0D
&or e2ample: pla!es the /oar &rom test./r #ith an o&&set o& E10 .0F in gri
units !ompare to the original position.
In !ase you start 7aste from$$$ in the S!hemati! Eitor: the re&erring layout
#ill /e pla!e automati!ally le&t o& the alreay e2isting part in the layout
eitor.
6.2 Considerations Prior to Creatin, a Board
Chec!in, the Component /iraries
(he EAGLE !omponent li/raries are e,elope /y pra!tising engineers: an
!orrespon !losely to present9ay stanars. (he ,ariety o& !omponents
a,aila/le is: ho#e,er: so #ie that it is impossi/le to supply li/raries #hi!h
are suita/le &or e,ery user #ithout moi&i!ation.
(here are e,en i&&erent *a!8ages #hi!h are supplie /y ,arious
manu&a!turers using the same ienti&i!ationP Manu&a!turers re!ommen ,ery
i&&erent siIes &or SM$ pas: an these epen again on the solering
pro!eure /eing applie.
In shortC +ou !annot get a#ay #ithout !he!8ing the !omponents: in
parti!ular the *a!8age e&initions: /eing use #hen laying out.
:n the case of "MD components, please tae particular care to ensure that
the 7acage from the library agrees with the specifications of your
component$ Bousings from different manufacturers with the same name
but different dimensions are often found$
&,reement with the Board *anufacturer
I& you plan to ha,e your *C= pro&essionally manu&a!ture: no# is the time to
inKuire at your /oar manu&a!turer #hether they stipulate any parti!ular
,alues &or the &ollo#ing parametersC
tra!8 #ith
shape o& soler lans
iameter o& soler lans
imensions o& SM$ pas
te2t siIe an thi!8ness
rill hole iameters
num/er o& signal layers
in !ase o& multilayer /oarsC manu&a!turing ire!tions &or =lin an
=urie ,ias an !omposition o& the /oar Esee page 131F
136
6$2 1onsi"erations Prior to 1reatin0 a Doar"
!learan!e ,alues /et#een i&&erent potentials
parameters !on!erning soler stop mas8 an !ream &rame
+ou #ill sa,e yoursel& time an money i& you ta8e these stipulations into
a!!ount in goo time. +ou #ill &in more etails on this in the se!tion on the
7reparing of Manufacturing Data EChapter 9F.
Specif0in, the 2esi,n 5ules
All the parameters rele,ant to the /oar an its manu&a!ture are spe!i&ie in
the $esign -ules.
'se the menu Edit/Design Rules$$ to open the $esign -ules #ino# sho#n
/elo#C
DRC: Ad&!sting the Design R!les
.eneral Principles
(he &irst time that you !all this ialog: the $esign -ules are pro,ie /y the
program. I& ne!essary: a<ust the ,alues to suit your or your =oar houseHs
reKuirements.
(he Apply /utton stores the ,alues that are !urrently set in the layout &ile.
Changes to ,arious $esign -ules: li8e the settings !on!erning the -estring:
are immeiately isplaye in the Layout Eitor a&ter !li!8ing Apply.
(he $esign -ules !an /e sa,e in a spe!ial $esign -ules &ile EG$druF /y the
use o& the "ave as$$ /utton. So you !an easily use this set o& rules &or another
/oar.
(o apply a set o& $esign -ules to a /oar: you !an rag any dru &ile o& the
Design Rules /ran!h o& the tree ,ie# in the Control *anel into the Layout
137
Eitor #ino# or !li!8 the 2oad$$ /utton in the 3ile ta/ o& the $esign -ules
#ino#.
Edit Description$$ !an /e use to alter the es!ripti,e te2t &or the !urrent
parameter set. (he es!ription usually appears in the 3ile ta/: as !an /e seen
in the image a/o,e. >(ML te2t !an /e use. +ou #ill &in notes on this in the
help system.
(he $esign -ules ialog o&&ers a range o& i&&erent options that !an /e
sele!te through the ta/s. (he options in!lueC
File Manage the $esign -ules
La/ers "um/er o& !opper layers: stru!ture o& multilayer
/oars: 8in an length o& ,ias: thi!8ness o& !opper
an isolation layers
Clearance $istan!es /et#een o/<e!ts in the signal layers
representing signals that may /e i&&erent or the same
,istance $istan!es &rom the /oar ege an /et#een holes
(i@es Minimum tra!8 #ith an hole iameter: parti!ularly
&or Mi!ro an =lin ,ias
3estrin# With o& the remaining ring at *as an EMi!roF ,ias
(hapes Shapes o& *as an SM$s
(uppl/ (hermal sym/ols in !opper plains
Mask 6alues &or soler stop an soler !ream mas8s
Misc Aitional !he!8s
Most parameters are e.plained with the help of a small image$ As soon as
you clic into a parameter line, the associated display appears$
/a0ers
$e&ine the num/er o& signal layers an the 8in o& ,ias E=lin or =urie ,iasF
here. With the help o& a mathemati!al e2pression in the "etup line the proper
stru!ture o& the /oar: the appropriate !om/ination o& !ores an prepregs
an the resulting &a!ilities &or ,ias !an /e e&ine.
In most !ases E&or simple t#o or more layer /oarsF the ,ias are rille
through all layers. (he image a/o,e sho#s the e&ault setup &or a t#o layer
/oar. (he e2pression B1!16D e&ines one !ore #ith layers 1 an 13: #hi!h
!an /e !onne!te #ith ,ias. *arenthesis aroun the e2pression e&ine
through9hole E!ontinuousF ,ias.
138
=asi! e2amplesC
1 la/er1
16 )nly layer 13: no ,ias.
4 la/ers= 6ias throu#h all la/ers1
B1!=G?!16D (#o !ores are a&&iliate #ith ea!h other.
& la/ers= 6ias throu#h all la/ers1
B1!=G?!@G>!16D (hree !ores are a&&iliate #ith ea!h other.
(he &iels &or *opper an :solation are use to e&ine the thi!8ness o& !opper
an isolation layers. (hese settings are only rele,ant &or !omple2 multilayer
/oars that use =lin or Mi!ro ,ias.
(he !ommans $IS*LA+: LA+E-: WI-E: an -)'(E #or8 only #ith those
signal layers e&ine in the Layer Setup.
%urther in&ormation an e2amples a/out the 2ayer setup !an /e &oun in the
se!tion Multilayer Eoards /eginning #ith page 131.
2oading a board file that was made with an older version causes EA%2E
to chec which signal layers contain wires$ !hese layers appear in the
layer setup$ 7lease adFust it if necessary$
*inimum Clearance and 2istance
*learance re&ers to the minimum istan!es /et#een tra!8s: pas: SM$s an
,ias o& i&&erent signals: an /et#een SM$s: pas an ,ias o& the same signal.
Setting the ,alues &or "ame signal !he!8s to 0: isa/les the respe!ti,e !he!8.
139
Design R!les: Laer )et!p
Distance allo#s settings to /e mae &or the minimum istan!es /et#een
o/<e!ts in layer 20: Dimension: in #hi!h the /oar outline is usually ra#n:
an /et#een holes.
"etting the value for *opper/Dimension to - switches off the minimum
clearance chec between copper and dimension$
:n this case EA%2E does not recogni(e holes that are placed on wires$
7olygons don6t eep their distance to obFects in layer @-, Dimension,
either)
I& a net /elongs to a spe!ial net !lass: the ,alues &or Clearance an &or the rill
iameter o& ,ias EDrill=, e&ine /y means o& the CLASS !omman: are ta8en
into !onsieration: pro,ie these ,alues are higher than those gi,en in the
$esign -ules E*learance an Minimum Drill in the "i(es ta/F.
SiIes
(he minimum ,alues &or tra!8 #ith an &or hole iameter allo#e in the
layout are sele!te here.
I& aitionally net !lasses are e&ine an ,alues &or !learan!e: #ith: or
minimum rill: are set: the respe!ti,ely higher ,alue is ta8en into
!onsieration.
>ere you set the aspe!t ratio o& rill epth to rill iameter &or /oars that
!ontain =lin ,ias. *lease !onta!t your /oar house &or this in&ormationP I&
the /oar house spe!i&ies: &or e2ample: an aspe!t ratio o& 120.> you ha,e to
enter the ,alue 0.> in the line Min$ Elind Via Ratio.
%or mi!ro ,ias you ha,e to set the minimum rill iameter in the line Min$
MicroVia. Setting this ,alue higher than the ,alue in Minimum Drill means
that there are no mi!ro ,ias use Ee&aultF. (o put this into other #orsC I&
the rill iameter is /et#een the ,alue &or Min$ MicroVia an Minimum Drill
the ,ia is !onsiere a mi!ro ,ia.
5estrin, EPad and 9ia 2iameterF
(he settings mae uner Restring etermine the #ith o& the ring remaining
at pas: ,ias: an mi!ro ,ias. (he remaining ring re&ers to the ring o& !opper
that remains aroun a hole a&ter a pa or ,ia has /een rille. $i&&erent
sele!tions !an /e mae &or the #ith o& the remaining ring in the inner an
outer layers. *as may also i&&er /et#een the !op an Eottom layers.
'sually the ,alue is e2presse as a per!entage o& the hole iameter. Minimum
an ma2imum ,alues !an aitionally /e spe!i&ie.
As soon as you !hange a parameter an !li!8 the Apply /utton you !an
ire!tly see the e&&e!ts in the layout. I& you #ant to use i&&erent ,alues &or
the upper an lo#er layer Eor i&&erent shapes: see "hapes ta/F: it is
re!ommene to set the layer !olor &or layers 15: 7ads: an 17: Vias: the
140
same as the /a!8groun !olor E/la!8 or #hiteF. In this !ase you !an re!ogniIe
the real siIe an shape o& the pa?,ia in its respe!ti,e layer.
(he I"%) !omman #hi!h has the same ialog as the !onte2t menuHs
7roperties entry: in&orms you a/out the ,ia iameter in outer an inner
layers: an a/out the initial user9e&ine ,alue. %or e2ample: in the &ollo#ing
imageC
Displaing 4ia properties #ith *-7O
*re9e&ine ,alue E/y C>A"GE $IAME(E-FC 0.7
A!tual !al!ulate iameter in the outer layersC 0.9
A!tual !al!ulate iameter in the inner layersC 0.8
>ere the resulting ,ia iameter is /igger than the pre9e&ine ,alue:
a!!oring to the gi,en minimum ,alue in the $esign -ulesH -estring settings
&or ,ias.
(he &ollo#ing image illustrates the template &or setting the #ith o& the
resiual ring. (he stanar ,alue &or the restring aroun holes is 21 X o& the
hole iameter. Sin!e the #ith o& the ring on small holes spe!i&ie this #ay
#oul soon &all /elo# a te!hni!ally &easi/le ,alue: a minimum ,alue EhereC
10 mil &or pas: 7 mil &or ,ias: 0 mil &or mi!ro ,iasF is spe!i&ie here. It is also
possi/le to spe!i&y a ma2imum ,alue.
141
E2ampleC
(he ring aroun a hole #ith 00 mil iameter is 10 mil E21 XF. It there&ore
lies in /et#een the ma2imum an minimum ,alues.
I& the hole is only 20 mil in iameter Ee.g. &or a ,iaF: the !al!ulation yiels a
restring ,alue o& only 3 mil. %or a /oar mae in stanar te!hnology this is
e2tremely &ine: an !annot easily /e mae. It might #ell in,ol,e e2tra !osts.
In this !ase a minimum ,alue o& 10 mil is gi,en.
I& you li8e to e&ine a restring #ith a &i2e #ith: use the same ,alue &or
minimum an ma2imum. (he ,alue in per!ent has no e&&e!t in this !ase.
Diameter !he!8 /o2C
In !ase you e&ine a iameter &or a pa in the li/rary or &or a ,ia in the
Layout Eitor: an you #ant to ha,e this gi,en iameter ta8en into
!onsieration &or the inner layers: a!ti,ate the Diameter option. (his !an /e o&
interest i& a pre9e&ine pa or ,ia iameter e2!ees the ,alue !al!ulate /y
the $esign -ules. )ther#ise the pa or ,ia in the inner layers #oul /e
smaller than in the outer layers. I& you #ant pas?,ias to ha,e the same
iameter in all layers: set the option Diameter.
(he option is set o&&: /y e&ault: &or ne# !reate /oars: /ut #ill /e set on &or
/oars that are upate &rom ,ersion ..1 or prior /e!ause in these ,ersions
pas an ,ias ha the same iameter in all layers. (hus the upate pro!ess
oes not !hange the original layout.
All the ,alues !an also /e gi,en in Millimetres E&or e2ample 0.2mmF.
142
Design R!les: Restring settings
Shapes
(M,s1
A rouning &a!tor !an /e spe!i&ie here &or SM$ pas. (he ,alue !an /e
/et#een 0 X Eno rouningF an 100 X Ema2imum rouningF.
A sKuare SM$ has /een pla!e instea o& an o/long one on the &ar right o&
the iagram. A&ter assigning the property Roundness O 100 X: the SM$
/e!omes roun.
ads1
(his is #here the &orm o& the pas is spe!i&ie. It is possi/le to gi,e i&&erent
settings &or the top an /ottom layers.
(he As in library option aopts the &orm e&ine in the *a!8age Eitor.
Cli!8ing on Apply sho#s the !hange immeiately in the Layout Eitor.
7ads and Vias within inner layers are always round, no matter what they
are in !op or Eottom layer$ !he diameter is determined by the restring
settings$
*ro,ie a pa #as gi,en the 3irst &lag in the li/rary one !an spe!i&y a !ertain
shape &or all those pas in the layout.
Elongation e&ines the aspe!t ratio o& length to #ith o& 2ong an ;ffset pas
Esee imageF. (he ,alue is gi,en in per!ent. Cli!8 #ith the mouse into the &iel
2ong or ;ffset an the image on the le&t sho#s the !orresponing !al!ulation
rule.
100 X is eKui,alent to an aspe!t ratio o& 2C1. 0 X results in a normal o!tagon
pa #ith an aspe!t ratio o& 1C1. (he ma2imum is 200 X Eratio 0C1F.
143
Ro!ndness: 8 6 98 6 :; 6 ;8 6 988 <=>. Right: 988 =, s?!are
Design R!les: Ad&!sting pad shapes
:otes on the displa/ in the La/out Editor1
I& pas or ,ias ha,e i&&erent shapes on i&&erent layers: the shapes o& the
!urrently ,isi/le Ea!ti,ate #ith $IS*LA+F signal layers are isplaye on top
o& ea!h other.
I& the !olor sele!te &or layer 15: 7ads: or 17: Vias: is 0 E#hi!h represents the
!urrent /a!8groun !olorF: the pas an ,ias are isplaye in the !olor an
&ill style o& their respe!ti,e layers. I& no signal layer is ,isi/le: pas an ,ias
are not isplaye.
I& the !olor sele!te &or layer 15: 7ads: or 17: Vias: is not the /a!8groun
!olor an no signal layers are ,isi/le: pas an ,ias are isplaye in the shape
o& the top an /ottom layer.
(his also applies to printouts mae #ith *-I"(.
Suppl0
Spe!i&ies the settings &or (hermal sym/ols.
(he ,alue &or !hermal isolation etermines the istan!e /et#een a polygon
an the restring o& the pa or ,ia that is <oine to the polygon through a
(hermal sym/ol.
(he %enerate thermals for vias &lag permits (hermal sym/ols at through9holes.
)ther#ise ,ias are &ully !onne!te to the !opper plane. (his applies also &or
polygons. =ut you !an isa/le this option &or ini,iual polygons #ith
C>A"GE (>E-MALS )%% an a mouse !li!8 onto the polygonHs !ontour.
144
:nside hatched polygons EA%2E doesn6t generate !hermal symbols for
vias that do not have a direct contact to one of the polygon lines$
*as or SM$s mar8e #ith the &lag #;!BERMA2" EC>A"GE (>E-MALS
)%%F in the *a!8age Eitor #ill /e !onne!te /asi!ally #ithout (hermal
sym/ols.
*as!s
Settings &or the o,ermeasure o& the soler stop mas8 E"topF an the soler
!ream mas8 E*reamF are mae here.
(he e&ault ,alue &or soler stop is 0 mil: i.e. minimum ,alue is ma2imum
,alue is 0 mil. (he per!ent ,alue has no e&&e!t in this !ase.
(he ,alue &or the !ream &rame is set to 0: #hi!h means that it has the same
imensions as the SM$.
I& ,alues are gi,en in per!ent: in the !ase o& SM$s an pas o& the &orm 2ong
or ;ffset: the smaller imension is the signi&i!ant one. (he ,alues are
!onstraine /y minimum an ma2imum ,alues.
(he ,alue &or *ream is gi,en positi,ely: as is 3rame: although its e&&e!t is to
reu!e the siIe o& the soler !ream mas8 E!ream &rameF.
(he soler !ream mas8 is only generate &or SM$s: an is isplaye on layer
.1: t*ream: or layer .2: b*ream.
(he soler stop mas8 is ra#n in layers 29: t"top: or .0: b"top.
145
Design R!les: )ettings for )older )top and Crea" 7ra"e
Setting the &lag "!;7 or *REAM Eonly &or SM$F to ;33 &or a pa or SM$ at
the *a!8age e&inition &or/is EAGLE to generate a soler stop mas8 or a
!ream &rame &or it.
2imit etermines: together #ith the hole iameter: #hether or not a ,ia is to
/e !o,ere #ith soler stop la!Kuer.
E2ampleC
(he e&ault ,alue &or 2imit is 0. (his means all ,ias get a soler stop sym/ol.
(hey are &ree o& soler stop la!Kuer.
Set the 2imit O 20C
All through9plate holes #ith iameters up to 20 mil onHt get a soler stop
sym/ol Ethey are la!KuereF: /ut ,ias #ith larger hole iameters get a soler
stop sym/ol.
%or ,ias #ith hole iameters /elo# the 2imit the "!;7 &lag !an /e set
EC>A"GE S()* )"F. EAGLE generates a soler stop mas8 then.
*isc
>ere you !an sele!t?esele!t ,arious !he!8s #hi!h are mae /y the $esign
-ule Che!8C
Chec( grid
e2amines #hether o/<e!ts lie pre!isely on the gri !urrently set /y the G-I$
!omman. (his test is not al#ays #orth#hile: sin!e in many !ases $e,i!es
/uilt to /oth metri! an imperial gris are in use at the same time. "o
!ommon gri !an /e &oun in su!h a !ase.
Chec( angle
ensures that all tra!8s are lai at #hole multiples o& 01 egrees. (his test is
normally s#it!he o&&: /ut !an /e a!ti,ate i& reKuire.
Chec( font
Ee9Fsele!ts the &ont !he!8.
(he $-C !he!8s i& te2ts are #ritten in ,e!tor &ont. (e2t #hi!h is non9,e!tor
&ont is mar8e as an error. (his !he!8 is ne!essary ue to the &a!t that the
CAM *ro!essor !anHt #or8 #ith others than ,e!tor &ont &or the generation o&
manu&a!turing ata.
Assume you use proportional &ont te2t in the /ottom layer: pla!e it /et#een
t#o tra!8s: an use the CAM *ro!essor to generate Ger/er &iles: it !oul
happen that the tra!8s are shorte /y the te2t Eheight an length o& the te2t
!an !hangeFP
$e&aultC on.
Chec( restrict
!an /e set o&& i& !opper o/<e!ts shoul not /e !he!8e against restri!te areas
ra#n in layers .9: tRestrict: an 00: bRestrict. $e&ault settingC on
I& restri!te areas an !opper o/<e!ts are e&ine in a !ommon *a!8age:
EAGLE oes not !he!8 them against ea!h other. -estri!te areas that are
realiIe /y cutout polygons are not !he!8e /y $-CP
Setting the $esign -ules is !apture /y the '"$)?-E$) &un!tion.
146
6$3 1reate Doar"
6.$ Create Board
A&ter you ha,e !reate the s!hemati!: !li!8 the Eoard i!on.
An empty /oar is generate: ne2t to the !omponents that are to /e pla!e:
<oine together /y air#ires. Supply pins are !onne!te /y those signals #hi!h
!orrespon to their name: unless another net is e2pli!itly <oine to them.
(he pla!ement gri &or !omponents is set to 10 mil E1.25 mmF /y e&ault.
I& you pre&er a i&&erent pla!ement gri: you are allo#e to spe!i&y it
optionally #ith the =)A-$ !omman in the S!hemati! EitorHs !omman
line.
(o ha,e the !omponents pla!e: &or e2ample: in a 1 mm gri: typeC
1:*#9 1mm
(he unit has to /e spe!i&ie in the !omman line ire!tly.
(he /oar is lin8e to the s!hemati! /y the %or#arD=a!8 Annotation engine
pro,ie that /oth &iles are al#ays loae. I& /oth loae uring eiting they
are guarantee to remain !onsistent. Alterations mae in one &ile are
automati!ally !arrie out in the other.
I& you alreay generate a /oar &rom your s!hemati! an !ontinue pla!ing
!omponents in the s!hemati!: the re&erring pa!8ages in the /oar are pla!e
in the !urrent gri setting o& the Layout Eitor.
:f, for e.ample, the "chematic is loaded and edited without the 2ayout,
consistency can be lost$ !he 3orwardTEac Annotation Engine no longer
functions$ Differences must then be rectified manually with the aid of the
error messages provided by the ER* <see page 4Y?=$
I& you #oul li8e to see a es!ripti,e te2t &or your /oar &ile in the Control
*anelHs tree,ie# 7roFects /ran!h: you !an e&ine it /y the Layout EitorHs
Edit/Description menu. +ou are allo#e to use >(ML tags &or &ormatting the
te2t.
)ithout the Schematic -ditor
I& you #or8 #ithout a S!hemati! Eitor: you must generate a ne# /oar &ile:
pla!e the *a!8ages #ith the A$$ !omman an e&ine the !onne!tions #ith
the SIG"AL !omman.
(o unerstan this pro!ess: please rea the se!tion on 7lacing *omponents on
page 113: an the se!tion on "pecifying #et *lasses on page 120. (hese t#o
points apply to the Layout Eitor as #ell as to the S!hemati! Eitor.
+ou are also allo#e to e&ine attri/utes in the Layout Eitor. *lease rea the
!hapter a/out e&ining Attri/utes /eginning #ith page 127.
(he remaining pro!eures are ienti!al &or users #ith an #ithout the
S!hemati! Eitor.
147
Specif0 the Board 3utline
A /oar that has <ust /een generate &rom a s!hemati! iagram initially
appears as in the &ollo#ing iagramC
'oard co""and: Create the lao!t fro" the sche"atic
(he $e,i!es are automati!ally pla!e at the le&t o& the /oar.
(he /oar outline !an /e ra#n as a simple narro# line in layer 20:
Dimension #ith the WI-E !omman.
ItHs easily possi/le to ra# roun outlines: too. (here&ore use the CI-CLE
!omman #ith a small #ith near 0.
+ou !an also pla!e a /oar !ontour &rom a li/rary Esu!h as 4Minch$lbrF #ith
A$$.
A s!ript &ile !an: alternati,ely: /e rea /y the SC-I*( !omman. (he euro$scr
&ile: &or instan!e: !an /e use. Simply type
SC#$.T E#:
on the !omman line.
(he /oar outline ser,es simultaneously as a /ounary &or the autorouter or
%ollo#9me router Ei& presentF.
I& your /oar has aitional !ut9outs: you shoul ra# the ne!essary milling
!ontours in a separate layer: &or e2ample in 03: Milling$ 'se the WI-E
!omman #ith #ire #ith O 0 to e&ine your lines.
148
6$3 1reate Doar"
&rran,e Components
$rag the ,arious !omponents to the esire positions. 'se the M)6E
!omman &or this purpose. $e,i!es !an /e !li!8e on ire!tly: or aresse
/y name.
I& you type: &or e2ample:
M:7E #1@
in the !omman line: the $e,i!e name -10 #ill /e atta!he to the mouse
!ursor: an !an /e pla!e.
*re!ise positioning results &rom input su!h asC
M:7E #1@ B0.=> =.>0D
-10Hs lo!ating point is no# lo!ate at these !oorinates.
'eep the *trl ey pressed while selecting a component in order to let its
origin Fump at the mouse cursor and move it onto the currently used
grid$
A group o& $e,i!es !an /e transpose /y !om/ining the G-)'* an M)6E
!ommans. Cli!8 onto the G-)'* i!on an then ra# a &rame aroun the
esire elements: !li!8 M)6E: an then !li!8 #ithin the group #ith the right
mouse /utton in orer to sele!t it. With a !li!8 o& the le&t mouse /utton you
!an pla!e the group at the esire lo!ation.
-)(A(E: or a !li!8 #ith the right mouse /utton #hile the M)6E !omman is
a!ti,e turns a $e,i!e through 90 egrees. (his also applies to groups.
In orer to pla!e a !omponent in any angle you may spe!i&y the rotation
ire!tly #ith the A$$ !omman or later #ith -)(A(E or M)6E in the
parameter tool/ar.
"e2t to the Angle /o2 are the /uttons &or the "pin an Mirror &lag.
(he le&t9han "pin i!on is sele!te : i& the spin &lag is not set Ee&aultF.
(his means that te2ts are isplaye al#ays reaa/le &rom the right or &rom
the /ottom sie o& the ra#ing.
I& the spin &lag is a!ti,ae G the right9han "pinned i!on is mar8e G the
te2ts !an /e isplaye in any rotation: also upsie o#n.
149
Para"eter toolbar for ROTATE, /O4E, ADD, COP@
(he Mirror i!ons use #ith !omponents etermine #here a !omponent is
pla!eC on the top sie Ee&aultF or on the /ottom sie o& the /oar. I& a
!omponent is pla!e on top: the le&t9han i!on is a!ti,e. I& you #ant to pla!e
it on the /ottom sie: !li!8 onto the right9han Mirrored i!on.
As an alternati,e you !an #or8 #ith the !omman lineC
#:T*TE #@> F$C1F %
as a rotation o& 01V to the !urrent position o& part IC1. Assume you trie:
&or e2ample: to rotate the !omponent #ith the -)(A(E !omman an
presse mouse /utton: an you e!ie that it is not possi/le to o/tain the
e2a!t rotation angle this #ay E/e!ause o& a too !oarse griF type in the
!omman lineC
#:T*TE 0#@> F$C1F %
(he rotation o& IC1 is no# e2a!tly 01V. (he O sign stans &or a/solute ,alues.
(he initial position oes not matter.
I&: &or e2ample: a SM$ shoul /e pla!e on the /ottom sie o& the /oar you
may a the Mirror &lag: as inC
#:T*TE 0M#@> F$C1F %
An aitional "pin &lag !auses te2ts to /e #ritten upsie o#n E/y a rotation
o& 170VF: that means they !an /e rea &rom the top ,ie#C
#:T*TE 0SM#1E0 F$C1F %
(he "pin &lag is alternating: i. e. using it again !auses the te2t to /e isplaye
HnormalH again.
Che!8 &reKuently #hether the pla!ement is optimal. (o o this: use the
-A(S"ES( !omman. (his !al!ulates the shortest !onne!tions o& the air#ires
/et#een t#o pints.
In /oars that !ontain a huge num/er o& signals it may /e use&ul to hie some
o& the air#ires or isplay only a &e# o& them. I& you #ant to hie: &or
e2ample: the signals 6CC an G"$: type in the !omman line
#*TS/EST W 7CC +/9
i& #ant to see them all again: typeC
#*TS/EST !
More in&ormation a/out this !an /e &oun in the EAGLE help se!tion.
(he position o& parti!ular $e,i!es !an /e isplaye /y typing the $e,i!e name
onto the !omman line or /y !li!8ing ire!tly on an o/<e!t #hile the S>)W
!omman is a!ti,e.
I"%) sho#s etaile in&ormation a/out the sele!te o/<e!t. $epening on the
o/<e!t you !li!8e on: some o& its properties !an /e altere in the ialog.
(he L)C@ !omman allo#s you to &i2 !omponents on the /oar. (hey !anHt
/e mo,e any more then. "hiftSL)C@ releases the !omponent again. L)C@
!an /e use #ith groups as #ell.
150
6$3 1reate Doar"
I& the te2t &or the name or the ,alue is lo!ate a#8#arly: separate them
&rom the $e,i!e #ith SMAS> an mo,e them to #hate,er position you pre&er
#ith M)6E. At the same time EAGLE sho#s a line &rom the te2tHs origin to
the /elonging o/<e!t. Cli!8ing #ith $ELE(E on either o& the te2ts ma8es it
in,isi/le.
A!ti,ate the SMAS> !omman: hol o#n the "hift 8ey: an !li!8 onto the
!omponent to ha,e the te2ts isplaye at their original positions again. (hey
are no longer eita/le an unsmashed: again. Another #ay to ar!hi,e this is
to ea!ti,ate the option "mashed in the !onte2t menuHs 7roperties entry.
7lease eep in mind that the *AM 7rocessor al#as uses vector font for
generating manufacturing data$
/e recommend to write te.ts in the layout always in vector font <at least
in the signal layers=$ :f you do so the shown te.t meets e.actly reality$
3urther information can be found on pages 5O and 4,5$
&ttriutes for Components and .loal &ttriutes
I& you #ant to assign any &urther in&ormation than name an ,alue to a
!omponent in the =oar: you !an o this #ith the A((-I='(E !omman.
In !ase a !omponent oes not ha,e li/rary9e&ine attri/utes you !an !reate
attri/utes &or a !omponent the S!hemati!: as #ell as in the /oar &ile. I&
=a!8D%or#ar Annotation is a!ti,e: any attri/ute !hange in the s!hemati!
#ill a&&e!t the /oar.
>o#e,er: attri/ute !hanges mae in the Layout eitor #onHt /e /a!89
annotate into the s!hemati!. (hey are 8in o& inepenent. It is also
possi/le to elete them in the /oar. Consiten!y /et#een s!hemati! an
/oar remains un!hange ne,ertheless.
Glo/al attri/utes are not ,ali &or single !omponents /ut &or the #hole /oar.
(hey !an /e e&ine in =oar an S!hemati! separately.
+ou #ill &in more in&ormation a/out this in the *reating the "chematic
!hapter on page 127.
Boards with Components on Both Sides
I& the /oar is also going to ha,e !omponents on the =ottom layer: the
MI--)- !omman is use. It !auses $e,i!es on the unersie to /e in,erte.
SM$ pas: the sil8 s!reen an the layers &or the soler stop an soler !ream
mas8s are automati!ally gi,en the !orre!t treatment here.
While A$$: C)*+: M)6E: or *AS(E is a!ti,e it is possi/le to mirror an o/<e!t
or a sele!te group #ith the mile mouse /utton.
Define components in the 7acage Editor always on the top side)
151
-7chan,in, Pac!a,es
I&: as the layout is e,elope: you #ant to repla!e the sele!te *a!8age
,ariant #ith a i&&erent one: then you !an use either the *AC@AGE or the
-E*LACE !omman: epening on the situation.
P&C?&.- Command
It is assume that the layout an the s!hemati! iagram are !onsistent an
the $e,i!e has /een e&ine #ith more than one *a!8age ,ariant.
(ype in the !omman line .*C4*+E an !li!8 onto the *a!8age to /e
repla!e or alternati,ely !li!8 onto the *a!8age #ith the right mouse /utton
an sele!t the 7acage entry &rom the !onte2t menu. A thir ,ariant #oul /e
to !li!8 onto the C>A"GE i!on an sele!t the 7acage option.
"o# you sele!t the esire *a!8age: an !on&irm it #ith ;': in the ialog
that then appears.
I& the "how all technologies option is a!ti,e: the *a!8age ,ersions &or all the
te!hnologies a,aila/le &or this $e,i!e are isplaye. I& this option is not a!ti,e
you #ill only see *a!8ages that are e&ine in the sele!te te!hnology.
(he *a!8age !an also /e e2!hange &rom #ithin the s!hemati! iagram.
$e,i!es that onHt ha,e alternati,e *a!8age ,ariants e&ine: !an /e moi&ie
in the Li/rary Eitor. A &urther *a!8age ,ariants as neee an upate
your ra#ing #ith the ne# li/rary e&inition. See page 201 *hoosing the
7acage Variants &or &urther in&ormation.
I& you !hange the *a!8age ,ariant o& a $e,i!e #hi!h you ga,e a ne# ,alue
#ith the help o& the 6AL'E !omman: although it has /een e&ine #ith
6AL'E ;ff, the ,alue #ill remain un!hange. See also page 71.
I& you #oul li8e to !hange the *a!8age ,ariant &or se,eral ienti!al parts:
you !an o this in the !omman line.
$e&ine a G-)'* #ith all parts that shall get a ne# *a!8age ,ariant: &irst.
"o# type in the !omman line
152
C,A-+E pac(age dialog
6$3 1reate Doar"
C3*/+E .*C4*+E Fne6-de'ice-nameF
an !li!8 #ith *trl S right mouse /utton into the ra#ing.
(he name o& the ne# *a!8age ,ariant has to /e en!lose in in,erte !ommas.
5-P/&C- command
Consistent Schematic>/a0out Pair
(he -E*LACE !omman allo#s you to su/stitute one !omponent #ith
another. (he #ell98no#n A$$ ialog #ino# opens #here you !an sele!t the
ne# part. "o# !li!8 onto the part you #ant to ha,e repla!e in the
S!hemati! or Layout. (he ol an ne# $e,i!e must /e !ompati/le: #hi!h
means that their use Gates an !onne!te pins?pas must mat!h: either /y
their names or their !oorinates. )ther#ise the su/stitution is not possi/le.
/a0out without Schematic
I& you ha,e a layout #ithout an asso!iate s!hemati! iagram: you e2!hange
the *a!8age #ith the ai o& the -E*LACE !omman. -E*LACE opens the
#ino# that is &amiliar &rom the A$$ ialog: in #hi!h it is possi/le to sear!h
&or $e,i!es. When the *a!8age has /een !hosen you !li!8 on the part that is
to /e repla!e in the layout.
(he -E*LACE !omman operates in the Layout Eitor in t#o #ays: !hosen
#ith the SE( !ommanC
SE( -E*LACELSAME "AMESR Ee&aultF
SE( -E*LACELSAME C))-$SR
(he &irst moe permits *a!8ages #hose pa or SM$ names are ienti!al to /e
e2!hange. (he !onne!ting areas !an ha,e any position.
In the se!on !ase Erepla!eLsame !oorsF the pas or SM$s in the ne#
*a!8age must /e lo!ate at the same !oorinates Erelati,e to the originF. (he
names may i&&er.
(he te2t &or the name an ,alue o& a $e,i!e is only e2!hange i& they ha,e
not /een separate &rom the $e,i!e #ith SMAS>.
(he ne# *a!8age !an !ome &rom a i&&erent li/rary: an !an !ontain
aitional pas an SM$s. Conne!tions on the ol *a!8age that #ere
!onne!te to signals must e2ist !orresponingly in the ne# *a!8age. (he ne#
*a!8age !an e,en ha,e &e#er !onne!tions: pro,ie that this !onition is
satis&ie.
Chan,in, the 'echnolo,0
It is possi/le to !hange the te!hnology o& a $e,i!e in the layout at any time :
pro,ie there are ,arious te!hnologies e&ine in the li/rary. 'se the
C>A"GE !omman #ith the !echnology option or the !echnology !omman
o& the !onte2t menu Ea,aila/le /y !li!8ing onto the *a!8age #ith the right
mouse /uttonF. (his pro!eure is ienti!al to the one es!ri/e /e&ore in
#hi!h *a!8age &orms are e2!hange using *AC@AGE.
153
2efine #oridden &reas
Areas in the &orm o& re!tangles: polygons or !ir!les in layers 01: tRestrict: an
02: bRestrict: are &or/ien &or the Autorouter?%ollo#9me router. "o !opper
o/<e!ts may /e ra#n in the top or /ottom layers insie these areas. (hese
regions are teste /y the $esign -ule Che!8 an ta8en into !onsieration /y
the Autorouter?%ollo#9me router.
Layer 0.: vRestrict: is &or ra#ing restri!te areas #here the Autorouter or
the %ollo#9me router may not set ,ias. Manually pla!e ,ias in su!h a
,-estri!t region are not e2amine /y the $-C an there&ore not reporte as
an error.
5outin, Placin, 'rac!s *anuall0
(he -)'(E !omman allo#s the air#ires to /e !on,erte into tra!8s. A !li!8
on the mile mouse /utton #hile a tra!8 is /eing lai allo#s a !hange o&
layer. A ,ia is pla!e automati!ally then. Cli!8ing #ith the right mouse
/utton !hanges the #ay in #hi!h the tra!8 is atta!he to the mouse an ho#
it is lai ESE( !omman: /ireDEend parameterF. Among them are moes
#hi!h allo# to use a #ire as 909egree or as &ree9e&ina/le ar!.
I& your EAGLE li!ense pro,ies the Autorouter Moule: t#o aitional #ire
/ens E/ireDEend 7 an 9F are a,aila/le that !ause the -)'(E !omman to
#or8 as %ollo#9me router. (he %ollo#9me router !an route a sele!te air#ire
automati!ally. (he position o& the mouse !ursor etermines the tra!e o& the
!onne!tion. (he settings o& the $esign -ules an the rele,ant Autorouter
settings are ta8en into !onsieration.
*lease !he!8 the Autorouter !hapter &or more in&ormation a/out &un!tion an
usage o& the %ollo#9me router.
(he signalHs name an net !lass #ill /e isplaye in the status /ar. When a
signal line has /een !ompletely lai: EAGLE !on&irms that there is a !orre!t
!onne!tion #ith a short /eep as it is pla!e.
(he signal name !an /e use in the !omman line ire!tly: &or e2ample
#:TE 7CC. EAGLE starts the #ire at a signalHs !onne!tion point #hi!h is
nearest to the !urrent mouse position.
I& you #ant to ha,e the #ire starte at a ,ia: press the *trl 8ey an !li!8 onto
the ,ia.
I& there is no longer enough room &or routing a signal: other tra!8s !an /e
relo!ate #ith M)6E an S*LI(: or the properties o& tra!8s E#ith: layerF
!an /e moi&ie #ith C>A"GE.
S*LI( !an /e use to re9route alreay e2isting tra!8s: i& ne!essary: arrange
segment &or segment o& the #ire ane# an remo,e the present tra!8 #ith the
!ommans *trl I $ELE(E an?or -I*'*.
I& a plate9through hole Ea ,iaF is to /e pla!e at a !ertain point: this !an /e
one #ith the 6IA !omman. 'se the "AME !omman to assign the ,ia #ith
the signal it shoul /e !onne!te to.
154
6$3 1reate Doar"
I& you #ant to /egin a #ire o& a partially route signal at another position
than the start or en point o& an air#ire E&or e2ample: at a &arther position on
a #ire that /elongs to the same signalF: press the *trl 8ey an an !li!8 the
le&t mouse /utton at the position #here the #ire shoul /egin. EAGLE
generates a ne# air#ire &rom this position then Esee also help &un!tion &or
-)'(EF.
Air#ires #ith length o& 0 E&or e2ample: &rom !op to Eottom layerF are ra#n
as a !ross in layer 19: 1nrouted.
Ening a #ire at the same position #here another #ire o& the same signal /ut
in another layer alreay e2ists an pressing the "hift 8ey at the same time
!auses EAGLE to pla!e a ,ia. )ther#ise it #onHt.
I& you inten to esign a multilayer /oar an use =lin an =urie or Mi!ro
,ias: please note the etails Ealso &or the 6IA !ommanF in the se!tion a/out
Multilayer Eoards /eginning at page 131.
While laying out #ires EAGLE !al!ulates the shortest !onne!tion to the
!losest point o& the !urrent signal automati!ally. (his !onne!tion is
represente /y an air#ire.
*as an SM$s that /elong to the !urrently route signal ha,e the so9!alle
magneti!9pas &un!tionC
Within a !ertain raius aroun the pa the #ire #ill /e snappe to the paHs
!enter automati!ally. (hat is to say as soon as the length o& the automati!ally
!al!ulate air#ire is shorter than the gi,en ,alue &or snap length: the #ire
<umps into the paHs or SM$Hs !enter point. It oesnHt matter #hether the pa
or SM$ is e2a!tly loa!te at the !urrently use gri. (he snap point is al#ays
the !enter point.
As soon as you mo,e the mouse !ursor a#ay &rom this pa /eyon the limits:
the air#ire #ill /e sho#n an the #ire to /e route &ollo#s the mouse again.
(he snap length !an /e e&ine in the menu ;ptions/"et/Misc. $e&ault ,alue
is 20 mil.
As the routing pro!ees it is help&ul to run the -A(S"ES( !omman
&reKuently: in orer to re!al!ulate all the air#ires.
%or more !omple2 /oars it may /e use&ul to a<ust the "nap 2ength in the
;ptions/"et/Misc menu as es!ri/e on page 111.
'se -I*'* i& you #ant to !on,ert the #hole or part o& a tra!8 or a ,ia that
has /een lai /a!8 to a signal line. =y !li!8ing on a tra!8 it is e!ompose
/et#een the nearest /ens. I& you !li!8 on this lo!ation again Eon the
air#ireF: the #hole signal /ran!h /a!8 to the nearest pas is e!ompose. I&
you #ant to uno the #hole o& the signal: !li!8 -I*'* an enter the name o&
the signal on the !omman line. More than one may /e entere at the same
time.
(he !omman
#$.. +/9 7CC G>7
!on,erts the three signals G"$: 6CC an S16 /a!8 to air#ires.
#$.. W +/9 7CC
155
on the other han !on,erts all signals apart &rom G"$ an 6CC to air#ires.
#$.. %
!on,erts all signals Ethat are ,isi/le in the eitorF into air#ires. (o truly
in!lue e,ery tra!8: all the layers in #hi!h tra!8s ha,e /een ra#n must /e
,isi/le E$IS*LA+F.
I& you #ant to use #ires as ar!s or try to smooth the #ire /ens see the hints
!on!erning the MI(E- !omman in the help &un!tion. (he miter raius
etermines ho# the #ire <oints are mitere. A positi,e ,alue generates a
rouning: a negati,e one a straight line. (he miter raius in&luen!es some
/en moi E0: 1: .: 0R see SE( !ommanF an is sho#n aitionally in the
parameter tool/ar o& the !ommans S*LI(: -)'(E: WI-E: an *)L+G)".
While WI-E or -)'(E is a!ti,e it is possi/le to !li!8 through the pre,iously
mentione #ire /ens E/en moesF #ith the right mouse /utton. EAGLE
8no#s ten i&&erent moes E0..9F #hi!h are sho#n as i!ons in the parameter
tool/ar. Moe 7 an 9 are spe!ial moes &or the %ollo#9me router. (hey are
not a,aila/le: i& your li!ense oesnHt support the Autorouter moule.
>oling o#n the "hift 8ey #hile !li!8ing the right mouse /utton re,erses the
ire!tion o& sele!tion.
>oling o#n the *trl 8ey allo#s to toggle /et#een !omplementary #ire
/ens.
I& you #ant to ha,e only some #ire /ens a,aila/le &or the right mouse
/utton: you !an e&ine this: &or e2ample: in the eagle$scr &ile.
Suppose you #ant to #or8 #ith #ire /ens num/er 2: 1: 3: an 5 use the
&ollo#ing synta2C
SET "$#E_1E/9 < = > 6 C %
>o#e,er: i& you #ant to use another /en moe you !an al#ays !hose it &rom
the parameter tool/ar.
:t is also possible to leave the trac laying to the Autorouter which has its
own chapter in this manual$
2aying tracs with the 3ollow&me router is e.plained in a subsection of
the Autorouter chapter$
B.& -scape 5outin,
(here a ni!e 'L* that !an help in routing layouts #ith =GA !omponents. (he
'ser Language *rogram route&bga$ulp !an /e use &or !onne!ting all signals
Eor simply ea!h !onta!tF o& a =GA #ith a tra!e an route out o& the =GA area.
%rom there you !an go on routing manually or let the Autorouter o its <o/.
(he 'L* o&&ers the so9!alle bone te!hniKue or you !an let it pla!e staced
micro vias. When starting the 'L* you ha,e to spe!i&y the name o& the =GA.
So type in the !omman line o& the Layout Eitor: &or e2ampleC
#/ route-(ga $C>
156
6$3 1reate Doar"
2efinin, a Copper Plane with P3/4.31
EAGLE !an &ill regions o& a /oar #ith !opper. Simply ra# the /orers o& the
area #ith the *)L+G)" !omman. (he polygon is isplaye as a otte line
in the outline moe. +ou gi,e the polygon a signal name: using "AME
&ollo#e /y a !li!8 onto the /orer o& the polygon. (hen all the o/<e!ts that
!arry this signal are !onne!te to the polygon. =oth pas an: optionally: ,ias
Eas spe!i&ie in the $esign -ulesF are <oine to the !opper plane through
(hermal sym/ols. Elements not !arrying this signal are 8ept at a spe!i&ie
istan!e.
-A(S"ES( !al!ulates an isplays the sur&a!e area o& all polygons in the
layout. I& you !all -A(S"ES( #ith a signalname: &or e2ample
#*TS/EST +/9 %
only the G"$ polygonEsF #ill /e !al!ulate. All other polygons in the layout
#ill remain un!hange in the outline moe.
-I*'*: &ollo#e /y a !li!8 on the polygon /orer: ma8es the !ontent in,isi/le
again. I& there are se,eral polygons in your layout: an you #ant to ha,e
them isplaye in the outline moe again: type in the !omman lineC
#$.. < %
(o ha,e all polygons o& a parti!ular signal s#it!he to outline moe: spe!i&y
the signal name: li8e
#$.. < +/9 %
More in&ormation a/out the synta2 !an /e &oun in the help a/out -I*'*.
(he !ontent o& the polygon is not sa,e in the /oar &ile. When you &irst loa
the &ile: you #ill only see the otte outline o& the polygon. It is only
!al!ulate an isplaye again /y -A(S"ES(.
6arious options !an /e !hange ,ia the parameter tool/ar: either as the
polygon is /eing ra#n or: #ith C>A"GE: at a later stage.
"idth1
Line thi!8ness #ith #hi!h the polygon is ra#n. Sele!t the largest possi/le
#ith. (hat a,ois unne!essary Kuantities o& ata #hen the /oar is sent
&or manu&a!ture. I& the #ire #ith is lo#er than the resolution o& the
output ri,er in the CAM *ro!essor: a #arning is issue.
A &iner line #ith permits the polygon to ha,e a more !omple2 shape.
our1
Spe!i&ies the &illing typeC the #hole area E"olidF or a gri EBatchF.
(he spe!ial type *utout !an /e use to e&ine polygons that get su/tra!te
&rom all other signal polygons #ithin the same layer. Suita/le &or !ut9outs
Erestri!te areasF in polygons in inner signal layers.
157
POL@+O- co""and: Para"eter toolbar Asplit into t#o linesB
3ank1
),erlapping polygons must not !reate any short9!ir!uits. Ran !an
there&ore /e use to etermine #hi!h polygons are to /e su/tra!te &rom
others. A polygon #ith ran8 O 1 has the highest priority in the Layout
Eitor: no other polygon ra#n in the layout is e,er su/tra!te &rom it:
#hile one #ith ran8 O 3 has the lo#est priority. As soon as there is an
o,erlap #ith a higher ran8: the appropriate area is !ut out &rom the
polygon #ith ran8 O 3.
*olygons #ith the same ran8 are !ompare /y the $-C. (he ran8 property
#or8s only &or polygons #ith i&&erent signals. %or o,erlapping polygons
#ith the same signal name it is #ithout e&&e!t. (hey #ill /e ra#n one o,er
the other.
*olygons that are !reate in the *a!8age Eitor an not assigne to a
signal: #ill /e su/tra!te &rom all other polygons. (here is no ran8
parameter a,aila/le.
(pacin#1
I& the option Batch is !hosen &or 7our: this ,alue etermines the spa!ing o&
the gri lines.
Isolate1
$e&ines the ,alue that the polygon must maintain #ith respe!t to all other
o/<e!ts not part o& its signal. I& higher ,alues are e&ine &or spe!ial o/<e!ts
in the $esign -ules or net !lasses: the higher ,alues apply.
In the !ase o& polygons #ith i&&erent -an8s: :solate al#ays re&ers to the
ra#n !ontour #hi!h is sho#n in the outline moe o& the polygon: e,en i&
the !al!ulate polygon has got another !ontour: &or e2ample: ue to a #ire
that supersees the polygon. (he a!tual !learan!e !an /e!ome greater than
the gi,en :solate ,alue.
+her'als1
$etermines #hether pas in the polygon are !onne!te ,ia (hermal
sym/ols: or are !ompletely !onne!te to the !opper plane. (his also applies
to ,ias: assuming that the option has /een a!ti,ate in the $esign -ules.
(he #ith o& the thermal !onne!tors is !al!ulate as the hal& o& the paHs
rill iameter. (he #ith has to /e in the limits o& a minimum o& the #ire
#ith an a ma2imum o& t#i!e the #ire #ith o& the polygon.
(he length o& the thermal !onne!tors is e&ine /y the !hermal isolation
,alue in the $esign -ulesH "upply ta/.
Don6t choose the polygon6s width too fine, otherwise the thermal
connectors won6t handle the current load$
!his is also true for bottlenecs in the board) !he polygon6s wire width
determines the smallest possible width of the copper area$
158
6$3 1reate Doar"
?rphans1
$etermines i& a polygon may !ontain areas EislansF #hi!h are not
ele!tri!ally !onne!te to the polygonHs signal.
I& )rphans is set ;ff su!h un9!onne!te areas #onHt /e ra#n.
/hen drawing a polygon, please tae care to ensure that the outline is
not drawn more than once <overlapping= anywhere, and that the polygon
outline does not cross over itself$ :t is not possible for EA%2E to compute
the contents of the area in this case$
An error message 6"ignalname6 contains an invalid polygon) is issued,
and the RA!"#E"! command is aborted$
:f this message appears, the outline of the polygon must be corrected$
;therwise, manufacturing data cannot be created by the *AM 7rocessor$
!he *AM 7rocessor automatically computes the polygons in the layout
before generating its output$
:f the polygon stays in the outline mode after calculating it with
RA!"#E"!, you should chec the parameters for width, isolate, and
orphans and the polygon6s name$ 7robably the polygon6s filling is not
able to reach one of the obFects that should be connected with its signal$
Renaming a polygon with the #AME command, connects it with another
signal)
6.6 25C Chec!in, the /a0out and
Correctin, -rrors
(he $esign -ule Che!8 E$-CF is !arrie out at the en o& the /oar esign: i&
not /e&ore. I& you ha,e not yet spe!i&ie any $esign -ules &or the layout: this
is your last opportunity. See the se!tion on "pecifying the Design Rules &rom
page 1.5. (o start the $esign -ule Che!8 !li!8 onto the $-C i!on in the
!omman tool/ar or the entry DR*$$$ in the menu !ools.
1sually one sets the common Design Rules with the Edit/Design Rules$$
menu first and starts the Design Rule *hec when reZuired with the DR*
command$ Eut it is also possible to adFust the Design Rules if you use the
DR* command$ "ome settings, lie those for Restring, affect the layout
directly$
159
)tarting the Design R!le Chec(
When you ha,e &inishe the a<ustments: start the error !he!8 /y !li!8ing
*hec. At the same time the $esign -ules are store in the /oar &ile itsel&.
=y !li!8ing "elect you spe!i&y the region o& the layout that is to /e e2amine.
Simply rag a re!tangle o,er the esire region #ith the mouse. (he error
!he!8 #ill then star automati!ally.
Cli!8ing on Apply trans&ers the settings to the /oar &ile. (his means that the
,alues that ha,e so &ar /een !hosen are not lost i& you o not immeiately
start the error !he!8 an i& you #ant to lea,e the $-C ialog ,ia the *ancel
/utton.
All signal layers are always e.amined by the Design Rule *hec, no
matter if visible or not <D:"72AK command=$
'he 25C -rrors )indow
I& the $esign -ule Che!8 &ins errors: an error #ino# opens automati!ally.
It lists all the errors &oun. (he #ino# !an /e opene at any time /y means
o& the E--)-S !omman.
160
6$4 ?B1 , 1he!;in0 the 5a/out an" 1orre!tin0 Errors
DRC Errors list in the Lao!t Editor
Ea!h error is mar8e #ith an error polygon. Its siIe tells you: &or e2ample in
the !ase o& a !learan!e error: a/out ho# mu!h the limit is e2!eee. (he
error polygons are ,isi/le in the Layout Eitor: only. (hey #onHt /e printe
nor e2porte #ith the CAM *ro!essor. ItHs not possi/le to erase them #ith the
$ELE(E !omman. Cli!8 the *lear all /utton to elete them. )r type in the
!omman lineC
E##:#S C,E*#
Errors are mar8e #ith a re i!on in the errors #ino#. I& an error in the list
is sele!te: a line points to the !orresponing lo!ation in the /oar.
It is possi/le to ha,e the error list sorte: as!ening or es!ening: /y error
types or layer num/ers. there&ore !li!8 onto the !olumn heaers !ype or
2ayer.
!he errors dialog shows only errors that occur in the currently displayed
layers$
In !ase you Ioome into the ra#ing an there is only a partial ,ie# o& the
/oar: you !an !li!8 the option *entered$ (he !urrently sele!te error is
sho#n in the mile o& the ra#ing #ino# no#. I& you pre&er to ha,e the
*entered option ea!ti,ate &or /ro#sing the error list: you are ne,ertheless
161
a/le to !enter an error in the mile o& the ra#ing area /y pressing the
Enter 8ey.
While !orre!ting the error on the /oar: the $-C Errors #ino# may remain
opene. A&ter !orre!ting one error you !an mar8 it as 7rocessed in the error
list /y !li!8ing onto the 7rocessed /utton. (he re error i!on turns gray no#.
In some situations it may /e the !ase that you #ant to tolerate an error. 'se
the Approve /utton &or this. (he error entry #ill /e remo,e &rom the Errors
/ran!h an appear in the Approved /ran!h an the error polygon is no longer
sho#n in the Layout Eitor.
I& you #ant to treat an alreay appro,e error as a Kuite normal error: sele!t
it in the Approved /ran!h: an !li!8 onto the Disapprove /utton. "o# it is a
mem/er o& the Errors /ran!h again.
Cli!8ing the *lear all /utton oes not elete appro,e errors. (hey remain in
the Approved /ran!h.
Mo,ing an entry &rom one /ran!h into the other: mar8s the /oar &ile as
!hange an not sa,e.
In some !ases it might /e use&ul to appro,e all errors that are sho#n. (o o
so: sele!t the superior Errors entry in the errors list. "o# the Approve /utton
#ill /e name Approve all. Cli!8 it in orer to ha,e all errors mo,e into the
Approved list. (his is also &easi/le the other #ay roun &or isappro,ing all
errors.
-rror *essa,es and their *eanin,
An#le1
(ra!8s are not lai in an angle o& 0: 01: 90 or 1.1V. (his !he!8 !an /e
s#it!he on or o&& in the $esign -ules EMisc ta/F.
$e&aultC o&&.
)lind 2ia 3atio1
(he limit o& the ratio o& ,ia length EepthF to rill iameter is e2!eee. In
this !ase you ha,e to a<ust the ,iaHs rill iameter E$esign -ules: "i(es ta/F
or the layer thi!8ness o& your /oar E$esign -ules: 2ayers ta/F.
Clearance1
Clearan!e ,iolation /et#een !opper o/<e!ts. (he settings o& the $esign
-ulesH *learance ta/ an the ,alue &or *learance o& a gi,en net !lass are
ta8en into !onsieration. )& these t#o ,alues the higher one is ta8en &or
!he!8ing.
In aition the :solate ,alue #ill /e ta8en into !onsieration &or polygons
#ith the same ran8 an polygons #hi!h are e&ine as a part o& a *a!8age.
(o ea!ti,ate the !learan!e !he!8 /et#een o/<e!ts that /elong to the same
signal: use the ,alue 0 &or "ame signals in the *learance ta/.
Mi!ro 6ias are treate li8e #ires. (he !learan!e ,alue &or #ire to #ire
applies in this !ase.
,i'ension1
162
$istan!e ,iolation /et#een SM$s: pas: an !onne!te !opper o/<e!ts an
a imension line Era#n in Layer 20: DimensionF: li8e the /oarHs outlines.
$e&ine through the ,alue &or *opper/Dimension in the $esign -ulesH
Distance ta/.
Setting the ,alue *opper/Dimension to - ea!ti,ates this !he!8.
In this !ase polygons o not 8eep a minimum istan!e to o/<e!ts in layer
20: Dimension: an holesP
(he $-C #ill not !he!8 i& holes are pla!e on tra!8s thenP
,rill ,istance1
$istan!e ,iolation /et#een holes. $e&ine /y the ,alue Drill/Bole in the
$esign -ules EDistance ta/F.
,rill (i@e1
$rill iameter ,iolation in pas: ,ias: an holes. (his ,alue is e&ine in the
$esign -ulesH "i(es ta/: Minimum Drill$
It is also possi/le to e&ine a spe!ial rill iameter &or ,ias in a gi,en net
!lass ECLASS !omman: DrillsF. In this !ase the higher one is use &or the
!he!8.
In6alid ol/#on1
-eason is a not properly ra#n polygon !ontour. As soon as the !ontour
lines are o,erlapping or e,en !rossing: the polygon !anHt /e !al!ulate
!orre!tly. Change the polygonHs !ontour in the Layout Eitor or in the
Li/rary: i& it is part o& a *a!8age.
(he -A(S"ES( !omman sho#s this error message: as #ell.
Ceepout1
-estri!te areas &or !omponents ra#n in layer .9: t'eepout, or 00:
b'eepout: lie one upon another. (his !he!8 is e2e!ute only i& layers .9 an
00 are isplaye an i& the 8eepout areas are alreay e&ine in the
*a!8age Eitor o& the li/rary.
La/er A;use1
Layer 15: 7ads: or 17: Vias: !ontain o/<e!ts #hi!h are not automati!ally
generate /y EAGLE. *ro/a/ly you re# something manually in these
layers: although they are reser,e &or pas an ,ias. =etter mo,e su!h
o/<e!ts into another layer.
La/er (etup1
(his error is sho#n i& an o/<e!t in a layer is &oun that is not e&ine /y the
Layer setup. (he same &or ,ias that o not &ollo# the settings o& the Layer
setup: &or e2ample: i& a ,ia has an illegal length E=lin?=urie ,iasF.
Micro 2ia (i@e1
(he rill iameter o& the mi!ro ,ia is smaller than the ,alue gi,en &or Min$
Micro Via in the "i(es ta/.
:o 2ector Font1
163
(he &ont !he!8 E$esign -ules: Misc ta/F re!ogniIes te2t in a signal layer
#hi!h is not #ritten in EAGLEHs internal ,e!tor &ont.
I& you #ant to generate manu&a!turing ata #ith the help o& the CAM
*ro!essor the te2ts: at least in the signal layers: ought to /e #ritten in
,e!tor &ont. (his is the only &ont the CAM *ro!essor !an #or8 #ith.
)ther#ise the /oar #ill not loo8 the same as it is sho#n. Change the &ont
#ith the help o& the !omman C>A"GE %)"( or use the option Always
vector font in the Layout EitorHs ;ptions/1ser :nterface menuC
I& a!ti,ate: the Layout Eitor sho#s all te2ts in ,e!tor &ont. (his is the #ay
the manu&a!ture /oar #ill loo8 li8e.
A!ti,ating the su/9option 7ersistent in this drawing sa,es the setting in the
ra#ing &ile. I& you sen the layout &ile: &or e2ample: to the /oar house
you !an /e sure that the ,e!tor &ont #ill /e isplaye also at his system.
:o real 6ector !ont1
(he &ont !he!8 E$esign -ules: Misc ta/F re!ogniIes te2t in a signal layer
#hi!h is not #ritten in EAGLEHs internal ,e!tor &ont although it is isplaye
as ,e!tor &ont in the Layout Eitor #ino#. (his situation arises i& the
option Always vector font in the menu ;ptions/1ser :nterface is a!ti,e.
See error message #o vector font &or &urther etails.
?!! Grid1
(he o/<e!t oes not &it onto the !urrently !hosen gri.
(his !he!8 !an /e s#it!he on or o&& in the $esign -ulesH Misc ta/. (he
e&ault setting is o&&: /e!ause as soon as trough9hole an sur&a!e9mount
parts are use together itHs not easily possi/le to &in a reasona/le !ommon
gri. (he !he!8 is set o&& /y e&ault.
?6erlap1
$-C reports this error as soon as t#o !opper elements #ith i&&erent
signals tou!h ea!h other.
3estrict1
A #ire ra#n in layer 1: !op, or 13: Eottom, or a ,ia lies in a restri!te area
#hi!h is e&ine in layer 01 or 02: t/bRestrict.
I& restri!te areas an !opper o/<e!ts are e&ine in a !ommon *a!8age: the
$-C oes not !he!8 themP
(top Mask1
I& there are sil8s!reen o/<e!ts ra#n in layers 21: 21: 25 &or !omponents on
the (op layer: an 22: 23: an 27 &or !omponents on the =ottom layer
o,erlapping the area o& a soler stop sym/ol generate in layer 29 an .0:
the $-C reports a Stopmas8 error.
+ou ha,e to isplay the !orresponing layers to a!ti,ate this !he!8P
*lease 8eep in min that this !he!8 al#ays ta8es the ,e!tor &ont as /asis &or
the !al!ulation o& the reKuire spa!e. (his is the &ont type the CAM
*ro!essor uses &or manu&a!turing ata generation.
164
"idth1
Minimum #ith ,iolation o& a !opper o/<e!t. $e&ine /y Minimum /idth in
the $esign -ules E"i(es ta/F or: i& e&ine: /y the tra!8 parameter /idth o&
a re&erring net !lass. (he higher one o& the gi,en ,alues #ill /e ta8en &or
this !he!8.
Also the line #ith o& ,e!tor &ont te2ts in signal layers #ill /e !he!8e.
"ire (t/le1
(he $-C treats a line E#ireF #hose "tyle is Long$ash: Short$ash or
$ash$ot in the same #ay as a !ontinuous line. I& a #ire ra#n #ith one o&
these styles is lai as a signal: the $-C reports a /ire "tyle error.
3or further investigations, net, part and pin lists can be output by means
of the EH7;R! command or by various 1ser 2anguage programs$
6.: *ultila0er Boards
+ou !an e,elop multilayer /oars #ith EAGLE. (o o this: you use one or
more inner layers ERoute@ to Route4?F as #ell as the layers !op an Eottom
&or the top an unersies. +ou isplay these layers #hen routing.
=e&ore starting the routing o& the layout you shoul /e a#are o& the num/er
o& signal layers to use: i& ,ias shoul go through all layers: or i& you ha,e: ue
to the !omple2ity o& the layout: to #or8 #ith =lin: =urie or Mi!ro ,ias. In
this !ase you really ought to !onta!t your /oar manu&a!turer to in&orm you
a/out the possi/le stru!ture o& the /oar an the !osts to /e e2pe!te.
(nner /a0er
Inner layers are use the same #ay as the outer layers !op an Eottom. (hey
!an /e &ille #ith !opper areas EpolygonsF as #ell.
=e&ore using inner layers you must e&ine them in the $esign -ules: 2ayers9
(a/. More etails !an /e &oun in the &ollo#ing se!tions an on page 1.7.
Suppl0 /a0ers with Pol0,ons and *ore than 3ne Si,nal
Areas o& the /oar !an /e &ille #ith a parti!ular signal Ee.g. grounF using
the *)L+G)" !omman. (he asso!iate pas are then automati!ally
!onne!te using (hermal sym/ols. (he isolate ,alue &or the (hermal sym/ols
is spe!i&ie in the $esign -ules E$-C !omman: "upply ta/F. (he #ith o& the
!onne!ting /rige epens on the line thi!8ness #ith #hi!h the polygon is
ra#n Esee page 117F. +ou !an also spe!i&y #hether or not ,ias are to /e
!onne!te through (hermals. (he minimum !learan!es &rom o/<e!ts !arrying
other signals spe!i&ie in the $esign -ules are maintaine E*learance an
Distance ta/sF. Changes are sho#n in the layout #hen the polygon is ne2t
!ompute E-A(S"ES( !ommanF.
165
(his #ay you !an !reate layers in #hi!h se,eral areas are &ille #ith i&&erent
signals. +ou !an assign i&&erent ran8s EprioritiesF &or the polygons. (he ran8
property etermines #hi!h polygon is su/tra!te &rom others i& they o,erlap.
-an8 O 1 signi&ies the highest priority in the layoutC nothing #ill /e
su/tra!te &rom su!h a polygon. -an8 O 3 signi&ies the lo#est priority.
*olygons #ith the same ran8 are !ompare /y the $-C.
*lease rea the notes regaring polygons in the se!tion on Defining a *opper
7lane on page 115.
Do not choose the wire width for polygons too fine) !his can lead to huge
amounts of plot data and problems for the manufacturing process$
5esticted &reas #or Pol0,ons
%or !reating non9!opper areas &or polygons in inner layers: you !an use a so9
!alle cutout polygon. Su!h a polygon: #ith the spe!ial &ill style !utout:
e&ines an area #hi!h is su/tra!te &rom all other signal polygons in this
layer. A !utout polygon may /e ra# #ith any #ire #ith: e,en 0. Compare
to signal polygons a !utout polygon oes not !ause huge ata #hen !reating
manu&a!turing ata.
Signal polygons respe!t the #ire #ith o& the !utout polygon. (he otte line
o& the !ontour is al#ays ,isi/le: ho#e,er oes not o!!ur in the manu&a!turing
ata.
Suppl0 /a0ers and &utorouter
(he Autorouter ta8es into a!!ount all inner layers: an so eli,ers the &ull set
o& patterns &or multilayer /oars. It !onne!ts SM$ pas to inner layers #ith
,ias.
*ultila0er Boards with 'hrou,h 9ias
(his type shoul /e pre&erre i& possi/le. 6ias go through all signal layers an
#ill /e rille at the en o& the prou!tion pro!ess. (he prou!tion !osts are
relati,ely moerate.
/a0er Setup
(he settings !on!erning layer !omposition an num/er o& signal layers are
mae in the $esign -ules: 2ayers ta/: "etup. See page 1.7.
%or through ,ias the setup is ,ery simple. "o !onsierations a/out thi!8ness
o& !opper an isolation layers are ne!essary.
Simply <oin t#o layers /y an asteris8 Eli8e 4G@ or AG4,F to one !ore an
!om/ine se,eral !ores. (his is sym/oliIe /y a plus !hara!ter Eli8e in
4G@IAG5F. (he isolation layer /et#een t#o !opper layers is !alle prepreg.
(o e2press the possi/ility to ha,e ,ias through all layers the #hole e2pression
is set into parenthesis.
166
6$5 +ultila/er Doar"s
E2amplesC
0 layersC B1!=G?!16D
3 layersC B1!=G?!@G>!16D
7 layersC B1!=G?!@G>!6GC!16F
>ere ,ias al#ays ha,e the length 1913. (hey are rea!ha/le &rom all layers
Esee also the help &un!tion &or 6IAF.
*ultila0er with Blind and Buried 9ias
In high ensity /oars it is o&ten ne!essary to use =lin an =urie ,ias.
(hese 8ins o& ,ias onHt !onne!t all layers: /ut are only rea!ha/le &rom a
!ertain num/er o& layers. >o# these layers are !onne!te epens on the
manu&a!turing pro!ess o& the /oar #hi!h has to /e etermine in the Layer
setup in the $esign -ules.
7lease contact your board house before starting your wor) *hec which
2ayer "etup is suitable for your purpose and what the manufacturing
costs are$
2isami,uation
Core1
(he non9&le2i/le 8ernel #hi!h is !oate #ith !opper on one or on /oth sies.
Is represente /y a 2 in the Layer Setup. %or e2ample ?24@C Layer 1 an 12
are the /oarHs !ore.
repre#1
%le2i/le glueing or isolating layer #hi!h is use in the manu&a!turing pro!ess
o& a multilayer /oar to press inner an outer layers onto ea!h other.
Is represente /y a C in the Layer Setup. 4C@ tells us that layer 1 is a
prepreg an !om/ine #ith layer 2.
La/er (tack1
A pa!8 o& any num/er o& layers !onsisting o& !ores an prepregs #hi!h are
hanle together in the !urrent step o& prou!tion.
)uried 2ia1
(he prou!tion pro!ess o& this ,ia oes not i&&er &rom a through EnormalF
,ia. (he !urrent layer sta!8 #ill /e rille through !ompletely. In the
&ollo#ing prou!tion steps the alreay rille ,ias !an /e !o,ere E/urieF /y
pressing &urther !ores an prepregs on the !urrent layer sta!8. I& the ,ia is not
,isi/le on the !omplete /oar #e !all it a /urie ,ia.
(his is represente /y parenthesis: &or e2ample in 4IA@G4?BI4, #here the
=urie 6ia goes &rom layer 2 to 11.
)lind 2ia1
A =lin ,ia !onne!ts an outer layer #ith any inner layer /ut oesnHt go
through all !opper layers. (he spe!iality o& a =lin ,ia lies in the prou!tion
pro!ess. (he !urrent layer sta!8 is not rille all through. (he rill hole has a
167
!ertain epth epening on the num/er o& layers that shoul /e allo#e to
/e !onne!te #ith ea!h other. =lin ,ias ha,e to &ollo# a gi,en ratio o& epth
to rill iameter. *lease !onta!t your /oar house to get in&ormation a/out
this. (his ratio has to /e e&ine in the "i(es ta/ as Min$ Elind Via Ratio$
(his is represente /y /ra!8ets an the target layer mar8e /y a !olon /e&ore
or a&ter the /ra!8et. (he e2ample <D:4I@IAG45I4?I4,> allo#s =lin ,ias
&rom layer 1 to ..
=lin ,ias may /e shorter than e&ine. In this e2ample you are allo#e to
use ,ias &rom layer 1 to 2. (he Autorouter is also allo#e to use shorter =lin
,ias.
Micro 2ia1
(he mi!ro ,ia is a spe!ial !ase o& a =lin ,ia. It has a ma2imum epth o& one
layer an a ,ery small rill iameter. See page 150.
2ispla0in, 9ias
It ma8es sense to set the layer !olor o& layer 17: Vias: to the /a!8groun !olor
E$IS*LA+ menu: *hange: *olorF i& you are #or8ing #ith ,ias that ha,e
i&&erent lengths an shapes. In oing so it is possi/le to re!ogniIe layer
a&&iliation.
/a0er Setup
Com/ining !ores an prepregs allo#s many ,ariants. In the &ollo#ing se!tion
some e2amples sho# the &un!tion o& the Layer setup.
*lease rea this paragraph entirely. E,en i& you inten to esign a &our layer
/oar: &or e2ample: it is most a,isa/le to rea also all the other e2amples &or
a /etter unerstaning.
6;/a0er Board
E-a'ple 11
Layers 1: 2: . an 13 are use.
=oar stru!tureC )ne !ore insie: outsie prepregs.
Conne!tionsC 192 E/lin ,iasF: 29. E/urie ,iasF an 1913 Ethrough ,iasF
(he setup e2pression loo8s li8e thisC
Z2CE1SE2N.FS13F[
E2planationC
2*3
Layers 2 an . &orm the !ore.
(2N.5
*arenthesis allo# /urie ,ias &rom 2 to ..
(1+E2N.F>1&5
)n /oth sies o& the !ore !opper layers are presse on
#ith prepregs.
(he outer parenthesis e&ine !ontinuous ,ias &rom 1913.
168
[2:E1SE2N.FS13FD
In sKuare /ra!8ets an separate /y a !olon /lin ,ias are e&ine.
>ere &rom layer 1 to 2.
(he &ollo#ing image sho#s the relate setup e2pression in the 2ayers ta/ o&
the $esign -ules.
=lin ,ias ha,e to 8eep a !ertain ratio o& ,ia epth to rill iameter. %or this
reason it is ne!essary to spe!i&y ,alues &or the layer thi!8ness.
(hese ,alues are gi,en /y your /oar houseP +ou are suppose to !onta!t it in
either !ase /e&ore starting the layoutP
(ype in the ,alues in the *opper Ethi!8ness o& !opper layerF an :solation
Ethi!8ness o& isolation layerF &iels as sho#n in the image. (he total thi!8ness
o& the /oar is sho#n /elo# the *opper an :solation &iels.
E-a'ple 21
Layers 1: 2: .: an 13 are use.
=oar stru!tureC )ne !ore insie: outsie prepregs.
Conne!tionsC 192: .913 E/lin ,iasF: 1913 Ethrough ,iasF
Setup e2pressionC
Z2CE1S2N.S13FC.[
E2planationC
2*3
Layers 2 an . &orm the !ore.
169
E%a"ple 9: Laer )et!p for a E laer 'oard
1+2N.>1&
)n /oth sies o& the !ore !opper layers are presse on
#ith prepregs.
(1S2N.S135
(he outer parenthesis e&ine through ,ias &rom 1913.
E21E1S2N.S13F13D
In sKuare /ra!8ets an separate /y a !olon /lin ,ias are e&ine.
>ere &rom layer 1 to 2 an 13 to ..
E%a"ple :: Laer )et!p for a E laer 'oard
6;/a0er Board
E-a'ple 31
Layers 1: 2: .: 0: 1: an 13 are use.
=oar stru!tureC (#o !ores: prepregs outsie.
Conne!tionsC 29.: 091 E/urie ,iasF: 1913 Ethrough ,iasF
Setup e2pressionC
E1SE2N.FSE0N1FS13F
E2planationC
E2N.FSE0N1F
(#o !ores #ith /urie ,ias are presse together.
1>E2N.FSE0N1F>1&
(his layer sta!8 is !o,ere #ith outer layers 1 an 13 #hi!h are
isolate #ith prepregs.
170
41SE2N.FSE0N1FS135
(he #hole e2pression in parenthesis e&ines through ,ias &rom 1913.
E%a"ple D: Laer )et!p for a F laer 'oard
(he ,alues &or layer thi!8ness &or !opper an isolation use in these e2amples
are &i!ti,e. *lease !onta!t your /oar house to get the allo#e ,alues.
E-a'ple 41
Layers 1: 2: .: 0: 1: an 13 are use.
=oar stru!tureC )ne !ore: on ea!h sie t#o prepregs.
Conne!tionsC .90 E/urie ,iasF: 290 E/lin ,ias in inner layer sta!8F:
1913 Ethrough ,iasF
Setup e2pressionC
E1SZ0C2SE.N0FS1[S13F
E2planationC
2SE.N0FS1
(he !ore #ith /urie ,ias. )ne prepreg on ea!h sie.
E412SE.N0FS1D
=lin ,ias &rom layer 2 to 0.
1>Z0C2SE.N0FS1[>1&
)n this layer sta!8 a prepreg on ea!h sie is presse on.
41SZ0C2SE.N0FS1[S135
*arenthesis allo# through ,ias &rom 1 to 13.
171
E%a"ple E: 'lind 4ias in the inner laer stac(
C;/a0er Board
E-a'ple 51
Layers 1: 2: .: 0: 1: 3: 5: an 13 are use.
=oar stru!tureC (hree !ores: prepregs outsie.
Conne!tionsC 19.: 3913 E/lin ,iasF: 29.: 091: 395 E/urie ,iasF:
1913 Ethrough ,iasF.
Setup e2pressionC
Z.CE1SE2N.FSE0N1FSE3N5FS13FC3[
E2planationC
E2N.FSE0N1FSE3N5F
(hree !ores: ea!h #ith /urie ,ias: are presse together an
isolate #ith prepregs.
1+E2N.FSE0N1FSE3N5F>1&
)uter !opper layers 1 an 13 #hi!h are isolate through prepregs
are presse onto this layer sta!8.
(1SE2N.FSE0N1FSE3N5FS135
*arenthesis allo# through ,ias &rom 1913.
[3:E1SE2N.FSE0N1FSE3N5FS13F1&D
=lin ,ias &rom 19. an 1393.
172
E%a"ple ;: Laer )et!p for an G laer board
Hints #or )or!in, )ith Blind" Buried" and *icro 9ias
9(& command
$epening on the Layer setup ,ias !an ha,e i&&erent lengths. (he parameter
tool/ar o& the 6IA !omman sho#s all a,aila/le lengths in the 2ayer /o2.
When routing manually E-)'(E !ommanF EAGLE ta8es the shortest
possi/le ,ia length in orer to !hange layers. It is also possi/le that ,ias at the
same position are elongate.
(he ,ia length !an /e !hange #ith the C>A"GE 6IA !omman. Sele!t the
,alue &rom the a!!oring menu an !li!8 the ,ia #ith the le&t mouse /utton.
Alternati,ely use the !omman lineC
C3*/+E 7$* =-C
an a !li!8 onto the ,ia !hanges the length &rom layer 2 to 5.
I& the gi,en ,ia length is not e&ine in the Layer setup it #ill /e elongate to
the ne2t possi/le length or: i& this is not possi/le: an error message #ill /e
generate.
7$* F+/9F 1-@ B1.0> =D
pla!es a ,ia that /elongs to the signal G"$ an rea!hes &rom layer 1 to 0 at
position E1.01 2F.
173
53%'- Command
I& you #ant to !hange the layer #hile laying9out the /oar: EAGLE al#ays
ta8es the shortest possi/le ,ia EC>A"GE LA+E- !ommanR also in %ollo#9me
moeF. It is also possi/le that a ,ia at the same position is elongate
automati!ally.
:f Micro vias are enabled in the Design Rules by setting a minimum value
for the drill diameter <"i(es tab, Min$ Micro Via= and defining a proper
2ayer setup, EA%2E sets a Micro via when routing from a "MD and
immediately changing to the ne.t inner layer$
:n 3ollow&me mode, however, EA%2E can6t place Micro vias$ !he 3ollow&
me router is powered by the Autorouter engine and therefore it has to
follow its properties and restrictions$
*icro 9ia J & Special Case of Blind 9ia
In !ontrast to =lin ,ias that !an rea!h se,eral layers eep into the /oar the
Mi!ro ,ia !onne!ts an outer layer #ith the ne2t inner layer. (he rill
iameter o& a mi!ro ,ia is relati,ely small. *resently the usual ,alues are
a/out 0.1 to 0.01 mm.
%or manu&a!turing reasons Mi!ro ,ias: as =lin ,ias: ha,e to &ollo# a !ertain
Aspect ratio o& epth to rill iameter. (his ratio e&ines the ma2imum ,ia
epth &or a !ertain rill iameter.
(he proper ,alue !an /e learne &rom your /oar house.
Set this ,alue in the $esign -ules: "i(es ta/: Min$ Elind Via Ratio$
Assume the /oar house emans the ratio as 1C0.1 you ha,e to enter 0.>
&or Min$ Elind Via Ratio.
Aitionally the $esign -ule Che!8 ,eri&ies the minimum rill iameter &or
Mi!ro ,ias gi,en in Min$ MicroVia. I& this ,alue is higher than the ,alue &or
Minimum Drill Ee&aultF: mi!ro ,ias #onHt /e !he!8e.
(he iameter o& mi!ro ,ias is set in the Restring ta/ o& the $esign -ules.
I& you !hange the layer &rom an outer to the ne2t inner one #hile you are
routing a tra!8 out o& a SM$: EAGLE automati!ally pla!es a Mi!ro ,ia:
pro,ie the $esign -ules allo# it.
!he Autorouter can6t set Micro vias)
6.6 %pdatin, Components E/irar0 %pdateF
(he '*$A(E !omman allo#s !omponents in a s!hemati! iagram or a
layout to /e repla!e /y !omponents e&ine in a!!oran!e #ith the !urrent
li/raries. (his &un!tion is o& parti!ular interest &or e2isting pro<e!ts. I&: in the
174
6$6 =p"atin0 1omponents E5i&rar/ =p"ateF
!ourse o& e,elopment: the e&initions o& *a!8ages: Sym/ols or $e,i!es in the
li/raries are !hange: the e2isting pro<e!t !an /e aapte to them.
(he menu item 2ibrary/1pdate !auses all the !omponents in a pro<e!t to /e
!ompare #ith the e&initions in the !urrent li/raries. I& EAGLE &ins
i&&eren!es: the !omponents are e2!hange.
(hose li/raries on the path spe!i&ie &or 2ibraries in the Control *anel uner
;ptions/Directories #ill /e e2amine.
It is also possi/le to upate !omponents &rom one parti!ular li/rary. (ype the
'*$A(E !omman on the !omman line: stating the li/rary: &or instan!e asC
.9*TE linear
or
.9*TE /home/mydir/eagle/li(rary/linear.l(r
or sele!t the li/rary in the %ile ialog o& the 2ibrary/1pdate$$$ menu item.
In the !ase you #ant to repla!e parts &rom one li/rary #ith parts &rom
another li/rary you !an use the !ommanC
.9*TE old-l(r-name 0 ne6-l(r.name
;ld&lbr&name represents the name o& the li/rary as sho#n /y the I"%)
!omman in the layout or s!hemati!. #ew&lbr&name stans &or the li/rary
&rom #hi!h you #ant to ta8e elements. +ou may a paths as #ell.
*lease see the help &un!tion &or more in&ormation.
In many !ases you #ill /e as8e #hether Gates: pins or pas shoul /e
repla!e a!!oring to name or a!!oring to position. (his al#ays happens i&
li/rary o/<e!ts are rename: or i& their position EseKuen!eF is !hange.
I& too many !hanges are mae in the li/rary at one time Ee.g. pin names an
pin positions are !hangeF it is not possi/le to !arry out an automati!
aaptation. In su!h a !ase it is possi/le either to !arry out the moi&i!ations
to the li/rary in t#o steps Ee.g. &irst the pin names an then the pin
positionsF: or the li/rary element !an /e gi,en a ne# name: so that it is not
e2!hange.
*hanging a Device6s prefi. in the library does not update the part names
of already placed elements in your drawing$
I& %or#arD=a!8 Annotation is a!ti,e: the !omponents are repla!e in the
s!hemati! iagram an in the layout at the same time.
+ou #ill &in &urther in&ormation on the programHs help pages.
After any library update, please carry out both an ER* on the schematic
and a DR* on the layout)
175
Ini,iual !omponents !an: &or instan!e: /e upate #ith the ai o& the A$$
!omman. I& you use A$$ to &et!h a moi&ie !omponent &rom a li/rary: you
#ill /e as8e #hether all the oler e&initions o& this type shoul /e upate.
A&ter the upate you !an elete the !omponent that you <ust &et!he. Again
here it is #ise to !arry out an E-C an a $-C a&ter the upateP
6.7 2ifferential Pairs &nd *eanders
5outin, 2ifferential Pairs
A $i&&erential *air !onsists o& t#o signals that ha,e the same name: /ut
i&&erent name e2tensions. )ne o& the signals must ha,e the e2tension _.:
the other one _/: as &or e2ample in C,:C4_. an C,:C4_/. (he t#o signals
must /elong to the same net !lass.
(he &ollo#ing parti!ularities applyC
As soon as you sele!t an air#ire o& a $i&&erential *air #ith the -)'(E
!omman: /oth signals are route in parallel. (he istan!e /et#een the t#o
signals an the #ire an ,ia siIes are al#ays etermine /y the signalsH net
!lass.
(he option Auto set route width and drill in the menu ;ptions/"et/Misc oes
not a&&e!t i&&erential pairs.
I& you onHt #ant to route /oth signals &or the #hole istan!e: you !an rop
the se!on air#ire #ith the Escape 8ey.
(he &irst mouse !li!8 #ith the a!ti,e -)'(E !omman onto one o& the
air#ires o& the i&&erential pair e!ies a/out the starting point o& the parallel
routing. 'sually the pas or SM$s the air#ires start &rom onHt ha,e the
ne!essary istan!e &or parallel routing: so EAGLE ra#s tra!es &rom the
176
Differential Pair follo#s the "o!se c!rsor
6$7 ?i##erential Pairs 3n" +ean"ers
starting points to the !urrent mouse !ursor position: a!!oring to the !urrent
#ire /en style. "ote that there may /e !ases #here these #ires o,erlap: so
please ma8e sure you !hoose a proper point &rom #here to start the a!tual
parallel routing. It !an /e #ise to run a $esign -ule Che!8 in this area.
(he istan!e /et#een the target pas?SM$s #ill also /e pro/a/ly more than
the $i&&erential *air is route #ith: so you shoul start the routing &rom this
sie as #ell an e&ine the ening point o& the parallel routing: as you i
/e&ore at the starting point. I& you route to#ars the #ire en points o& a
$i&&erential *air in a i&&erent layer: an the #ires are &ully aligne: the
proper ,ias #ill /e generate automati!ally.
Differential 7airs can only be routed manually$ !he 3ollow&me router
and the Autorouter treat them lie regular signals$
(he spe!ial &un!tions "hift S le&t !li!8 that pla!es a ,ia at the en point an
*trl S le&t !li!8 &or e&ining an ar! raius onHt #or8 in $i&&erential *air
moe. When you start routing at any point o& a signal E#ith *trl S le&t !li!8F
you #ill route the sele!te signal only: an not the $i&&erential *air the signal
might /e part o&.
Coorinates gi,en in the !omman line #hile routing a $i&&erential *air &orm
a !enter line along #hi!h the a!tual signal #ires are pla!e le&t an right
#ith the proper istan!e.
*eanders
/en,th Balance for a 2ifferential Pair
In most !ases the tra!es o& a i&&erential pair #ill ha,e i&&erent lengths
although you trie to route them in parallel. (he MEA"$E- !omman !an /e
use to /alan!e the lengths o& signals &orming a i&&erential pair. (o o this:
a!ti,ate the MEA"$E- !omman: !li!8 onto one o& the i&&erential pair
#ires: an mo,e the mouse !ursor a#ay &rom the sele!tion point. (he
istan!e &rom the initial sele!tion point an the e&le!tion o& the mouse
etermines the #ith an the height o& the meaner. I& there is a i&&eren!e
in the length o& the t#o signals: an the !urrent mouse position is &ar enough
a#ay &rom the sele!tion point: a meaner shape seKuen!e o& #ires #ill /e
ra#n. (he meaner in!reases the length o& the shorter signal segment.
An ini!ator atta!he to the mouse !ursor sho#s the target length #hi!h is
the length o& the longer signal segment: as #ell as the e,iation in per!ent o&
/oth signals &rom the target length.
I& a single meaner isnHt enough to /alan!e the lengths: you !an a &urther
meaners at i&&erent lo!ations.
177
Specif0in, a Certain /en,th
In !ase you #ant to spe!i&y a !ertain length &or the $i&&erential *air signals:
you !an type in the ,alue: &or e2ample M.>in: in the !omman line ire!tly.
(ype in the ,alue: press the Enter 8ey an !li!8 onto on o& the $i&&erential
*air #ires. Again: the position o& the mouse etermines the #ay the meaner
loo8s li8e.
When meanering a i&&erential pair #ith a gi,en target length: the meaner
&irst tries to /alan!e the length o& the t#o signal segments that &orm the
i&&erential pair: an then in!reases the total length o& /oth segments.
(o reset the target length you !an either restart the MEA"$E- !omman or
enter a ,alue o& 0 in the !omman line.
:t6s possible to do this for a segment of any signal, not only for
Differential 7airs$
S0mmetric and &s0mmetric *eanders
=y e&ault a meaner is generate symmetri!al: #hi!h means it e2tens to
/oth sies along the sele!te #ire. I& this is not #hat you nee Eeither
/e!ause there is only spa!e on one sie: or /e!ause the longer one o& the
#ires o& a i&&erential pair shall not /e elongate you !an s#it!h to
asymmetri! moe /y !li!8ing the right mouse /utton. (he a!tual mouse
position #ill e!ie #hi!h sie o& the #ire the meaner e2tens to. Mo,e the
mouse aroun to &in the proper position.
(he ,alue &or %ap factor for meanders in differential pairs #hi!h !an /e set in
the $esign -ulesH Misc ta/: etermines the siIe o& the gap /et#een meanerHs
loops. In!reasing the ,alue results in /igger gaps /et#een the loops. (he
&a!tor may ha,e ,alues &rom 1 up to 20. $e&aultC 2.1
/en,th 'olerance 2ispla0
(he ,alue e&ine in $esign -ules: Misc ta/ &or Ma.$ length difference in
differential pairs is use to sele!t the !olor #hen isplaying the length
e,iations #hile ra#ing a meaner. I& the per!entage is sho#n in green: the
respe!ti,e segment lies #ithin the gi,en toleran!e. )ther#ise the per!entage
is isplaye in re. (he e&ault &or this parameter is 10mm.
178
6$7 ?i##erential Pairs 3n" +ean"ers
*easurin, si,nal len,ths
I& you !li!8 on a signal #ire #ith the *trl 8ey presse: the length o& that
signal segment #ill /e measure an isplaye on the s!reen in a little
ini!ator near the mouse !ursor. +ou !an use this to measure the length o& a
gi,en signal segment an it as the target length &or meanering an other
segment.
I& you o the measuring #ith *trlS"hift presse: the ma2imum length o& this
or any pre,iously sele!te segments #ill /e ta8en. (his !an /e use to
etermine the ma2imum length o& se,eral /us signals an then meanering
ea!h o& them to that length.
6.C &sseml0 9ariants
I& you #oul li8e to ha,e your pro<e!t manu&a!ture in i&&erent assem/ly
,ariants: EAGLE helps you in !reating an managing them. =asi!ally an
assem/ly ,ariant o&&ers the opportunity to ha,e !omponents not populate on
the /oar or to use !omponents #ith i&&erent ,alues or #ith i&&erent
te!hnologies.
As soon as you ha,e &inishe your pro<e!t: or at least the s!hemati!: you !an
e&ine assem/ly ,ariants. (he e&ault assem/ly ,ariant E#hi!h is the
s!hemati!?layout you <ust &inisheF shoul alreay !ontain all the
!omponents #hi!h #ill /e use in the i&&erent assem/ly ,ariants. =ase on
the e&ault ,ariant open the Assem/ly 6ariants ialog through the menu
entry Edit/Assembly variants$$$$ (his ialog sho#s all the !omponents #ith its
name: ,alue: te!hnology: an the es!ription o& the e,i!e.
179
Length Displa: Target length ;.9:; inch, c!rrentl both signals
reached HD.D=
Cli!8 onto the #ew /utton in orer to e&ine an assem/ly ,ariant. It #ill /e
sho#n in the Assembly variants #ino# then. Its name is ,isi/le in the title
/ar. =elo# you &in three !olumnsC A !he!8 /o2: value, an technology.
I& the !he!8 /o2 is !he!8e: the !omponent #ill /e populate. I& you #ant it
not to /e populate: un!he!8 it. I& not populate: the !omponent #ill /e
!rosse out in the s!hemati! ra#ing. (his ini!atesC not a,aila/le in this
,ariant. Simultaneously in the Layout Eitor all the o/<e!ts representing the
sil8s!reen print &or this element #ill /e elete.
I& you #oul li8e to !hange the ,alue o& a !omponent: !li!8 into the
appropriate &iel o& the Value !olumn: an type in the ne# ,alue. =y e&ault:
all &iels remain empty #hi!h means that there is no !hange !ompare to the
e&ault assem/ly ,ariant. +ou are allo#e to alter the ,alue o& !omponents
#hi!h ha,e Value set on &or the $e,i!e in the li/rary. (his setting is typi!ally
use: &or e2ample: &or resistors or !apa!itors.
I& a !omponent is e&ine in i&&erent te!hnologies: you are allo#e to
!hange it in the !echnology !olumn. I& there is no te!hnology e&ine: you
!anHt !hange it.
(he image a/o,e sho#s /esies the e&ault assem/ly ,ariant on the le&t #ith
its !olumns #ame: Value: !echnology: an Description t#o aitional ,ariants.
In Variante4 one !omponent EC1F is not populate: some o& the !omponents
ha,e altere ,alues. In Variante@ t#o !omponents #ill not /e populate.
Cells #ithout entry ini!ate that there are no !hanges !ompare to the
e&ault assem/ly ,ariant.
Cli!8 onto the name o& the ,ariant in the title /ar o& the ta/le an it #ill /e
sho#n in /ol te2t. (his ini!ates that this ,ariant is !urrently sele!te. (he
/uttons Rename$$$ an Delete$$$ a&&e!t this ,ariant no#.
180
Asse"bl $ariants #indo#
6$8 3ssem&l/ >ariants
A&ter e&ining assem/ly ,ariants: the a!tion tool/ar o& the S!hemati! an
Layout Eitor !ontain an aitional sele!tion !om/o /o2. (he image a/o,e
sho#s Variant@ sele!te. (#o !omponents #onHt /e populate. (hey are
!rosse out in the s!hemati!.
(he !ommans A$$: C>A"GE *AC@AGE T (EC>")L)G+: -E*LACE:
'*$A(E an 6AL'E !an only /e use: i& the e&ault assem/ly ,ariant is
a!ti,e. (hatHs the entry #ithout name in the !om/o /o2 o& the a!tion tool/ar.
When !reating the /ill o& material #ith the E4*)-( *A-(LIS( !omman or
#ith the help o& -'" bom$ulp, ata &or the !urrently !hosen assem/ly ,ariant
#ill /e generate. 'npopulate !omponents #ill not appear in the parts list.
!he *AM 7rocessor will always generate data for the default assembly
variant$ :f you would lie to generate data for a special variant, you can
use the command line option &A <see Appendi.=$
(he 6A-IA"( !omman !an /e use in the !omman line o& S!hemati! an
Layout Eitor: as #ell. All the options are es!ri/e in the help &un!tion.
6.9 Print 3ut Schematic and /a0out
S!hemati! iagrams: /oars an also li/rary elements !an /e printe out #ith
the *-I"( !omman.
'sing $IS*LA+ you shoul &irst sele!t the layers that you #ant to print.
181
Action Toolbar #ith co"bo bo% for asse"bl $ariant
!he basic rule is: :f you can see it in the editor, you will see it on the
print$
E2!eptions to the rule a/o,e areC
)rigin !rosses &or te2ts
Gri lines or gri ots
*olygons that !anHt /e !al!ulate /y -A(S"ES( an there&ore only
sho# their !ontours in the Layout Eitor
Error polygons o& the $esign -ule Che!8
Settin,s of the Print 2ialo,
When the printer i!on on the a!tion tool/ar is !li!8e: the *-I"( ialog
opens.
(he !urrently sele!te printer is sho#n at the top o& the #ino# in the
7rinter line. (he small /utton on the right: at the en o& the line: !an /e use
to sele!t another printer or a!ti,ate one o& the print9to9&ile options. I& a
printer is sele!te: the /utton #ith the three ots $$$ leas you to the printer
properties.
In !ase you sele!te a print9to9&ile option the ;utput file line sho#s the path
to the output &ile. I& you #ant to !hange it: !li!8 onto the [ /utton.
182
The PR*-T #indo#
6$9 Print )ut .!hemati! an" 5a/out
=elo# these t#o lines you #ill &in settings a/out 7aper &ormat: ;rientation
an Alignment o& your print. (he [ /utton in the 7aper line allo#s you to
e&ine a user9spe!i&i! &ormat: pro,ie the sele!te printer supports this.
Alignment e&ines the lo!ation o& the print9out on the paper. Changing this
#ill ire!tly result in a moi&ie 7review: i& a!ti,e.
In the Area line: you etermine #hat to printC /indow prints the ra#ing
#ino# #hi!h is !urrently ,isi/le in the Eitor #ino#. 3ull on the other
han: prints the #hole ra#ing. In this !ase all ra#ing o/<e!ts Eisplaye or
notF are rele,ant &or the !al!ulation o& the resulting printing area.
rintin# ?ptions
Mirror in,erts the ra#ing &rom le&t to right a/out the + a2is: Rotate turns it
90 egrees !ounter9!lo!8#ise: an 1pside down turns it through 170 egrees.
I& /oth are a!ti,ate: a rotation o& 250 egrees is the result.
I& the Elac option is !hosen: a /la!89an9#hite printout is mae. )ther#ise
the print #ill /e either in !olor or gray s!ale: epening on the printer.
"olid !auses ea!h o/<e!t to /e entirely &ille. I& you #ant to see the i&&erent
&illing patterns o& the ini,iual layers: then ea!ti,ate this option.
(he *aption option s#it!hes the appearan!e o& the title: printing ate: &ile
name an the s!ale o& the print on or o&&.
In the "cale se!tion o& the #ino# the "cale factor spe!i&ies the s!ale o& the
ra#ing. It may /e in the range o& 0.001 an 1000.
I& 7age limit is set to 0: the printer #ill use #hate,er num/er o& pages is
neee to print the output at the sele!te s!ale. I& a i&&erent ,alue is
sele!te: EAGLE #ill a<ust the s!ale o& the ra#ing to &it it onto the state
num/er o& pages. (his !an mean that: uner un&a,oura/le !ir!umstan!es: the
sele!te s!ale !annot /e maintaine.
)ther#ise you ha,e the possi/ility to sele!t 7age 2imit 4, an a "cale factor
that #oul reKuest more than one page &or printing to get a ma2imum &illing
o& the page.
It is possi/le to sele!t #hi!h sheets &rom a s!hemati! iagram are printe
using the "heets /o2. (his only appears in the S!hemati! Eitor. (his sele!tion
also etermines #hi!h sheet is sho#n in the pre,ie#.
(he eges o& the print !an /e e&ine #ith the ai o& the &our entry /o2es
uner Eorder. (he ,alues may /e entere in mm or in in!hes. I& you ha,e
!hange the ,alues an #ant to use the printer ri,erHs stanar settings
again: simply enter a -.
*alibrate allo#s !orre!tion &a!tors &or the aspe!t ratio o& the printout. (his
allo#s linear errors in the imensional a!!ura!y o& the print to /e !orre!te.
(he ,alues !an /e spe!i&ie in the range o& 0.1...2.
#ote concerning colored printing:
EA%2E always taes the white palette as basis for colored printouts$ :f
you are woring with a blac or colored bacground and using self&
183
defined colors, it is recommended to define these colors also for the white
palette$ "o the printer can use your colors, too$
I&: #hen a layout is printe: the rill holes in the pas an ,ias are not to /e
,isi/le: sele!t the #o Drills option &or the Display mode /y #ay o& the menu
item ;ptions/"et/Misc.
Generatin# ,F and ostscript !iles
I& you #ant to generate a *$% &ile Eresolution 1200piF or a *osts!ript &ile
&rom your ra#ing: !li!8 onto the small sele!tion /utton in the 7rinter line
an !hoose the option 7rint to file <7D3= or 7rint to file <7ostscript=$ Go to the
;utput file line then an spe!i&y path an name o& the *$% or *osts!ript
output &ile.
All te2ts that are not #ritten in EAGLE ,e!tor &ont are sear!ha/le in the *$%
&ile /y means o& your *$% ,ie#er.
2isi;ilit/ and (eFuence o! rinted La/ers
EAGLE prints its layers in a !ertain seKuen!e: one o,er the other. I& you are
using: &or e2ample: sel&9e&ine layers that are hien /y other layers in the
print9out: you !an use a SE( !omman option G SE( )ption.LayerSeKuen!e G
&or /ringing them into the &oregroun: or in general: &or e&ining the layer
printing seKuen!e. (his a&&e!ts printing into a *$% or *osts!ript &ile: as #ell.
$etails a/out this !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion o& the SE( !omman:
Belp/Editor commands/"E!.
(he *-I"( !omman !an also /e gi,en ire!tly on the !omman line: or !an
/e run /y a s!ript &ile. In&ormation a/out the sele!tion o& options is a,aila/le
on the help pages &or *-I"(.
3or all those who have e.periences with EA%2E versions before 5$-:
EA%2E comes with an 1ser 2anguage 7rogram named cam@print$ulp that
converts your previous EA%2E A$?. *AM Fobs into script files in order to
use them with the 7R:#! command$
Another 1ser 2anguage 7rogram cam@d.f$ulp allows to use a previous
*AM Fob for generating DH3 data$
6.10 Cominin, Small Circuit Boards on a
Common Panel
In orer to sa,e !osts: it may /e #orth supplying: &or e2ample: a smaller
/oar to the /oar manu&a!turer in the &orm o& a multiple /oar. So you !an
ha,e se,eral /oars mae in one step.
+ou !an reprou!e the layout or !om/ine i&&erent layouts to !reate a
multiple /oar #ith the G-)'*: C)*+ an *AS(E !ommans. *lease note
that this #ill !hange the /oarHs sil8 s!reen: sin!e elements re!ei,e ne#
184
6$10 1om&inin0 .mall 1ir!uit Doar"s on a 1ommon Panel
names: i& a !ertain esignator is alreay use in the /oar #hen pasting &rom
the /u&&er. I& you onHt nee the sil8s!reen this oes not matter. )ther#ise a
'ser Language program !an help. 7aneli(e$ulp !opies the te2ts #ritten in the
layers 21 an 23 Et/b#amesF into t#o ne# layers 121 an 123. When
!om/ining the /oars the names o& the parts #ill !hange any#ay: the !opie
te2ts in those ne# layers ho#e,er #ill remain un!hange.
(ell the /oar manu&a!turer that they ha,e to ta8e layers 121 an 123
instea o& the original layers 21 an 23 to generate the sil8s!reen &rom.
*ro!eureC
Loa the /oar &ile.
-un paneli(e$ulp to !opy name te2ts.
$IS*LA+ all layers.
'se G-)'* to sele!t all o/<e!ts to /e !opie.
(o sele!t the #hole layout you !oul also use G-)'* ALL.
Cli!8 the C)*+ i!on in orer to put the group into the !lip/oar
Eit a ne# /oar &ile #ith 3ile/#ew $
'se *AS(E an pla!e the layout as o&ten as #ante. I& ne!essary: it is
possi/le to spe!i&y an orientation &or the group /e&ore &i2ing it.
*lease ma8e sure that the ne# /oar has the same set o& $esign -ules
as the original /oar &ile has. It is possi/le to e2port $esign -ules into
a &ile EN.ruF an then import it into another /oar &ile EEdit/Design
rules menu: 3ile ta/F.
Sa,e the ne# /oar &ile.
(ell your /oar house that they ha,e to use layers 121?123 instea o&
21?23.
6.11 Consistenc0 /ost etween Schematic
and /a0out
It is ,ery important uring the esign that the !ontent o& the s!hemati! an
the layout e2a!tly !orrespon to allo# &or esign !ongruen!y. Eagle uses a
%or#arD=a!8 annotation to per&orm this tas8. General in&ormation a/out
this !an /e &oun in the !hapter a/out %or#arD=a!8 Annotation /eginning
#ith page 100.
(he inter!onne!tion /et#een S!hemati! Eitor an Layout Eitor ensures
that /oth are in lo!89step &rom a esign stanpoint automati!ally: pro,ie
/oth &iles are al#ays loae at the same time. I& you !lose one o& them: either
the s!hemati! or layout &ile: an !ontinue your #or8 in the remaining opene
&ile the !onsisten!y #ill /e lost. EAGLE #ill not /e a/le to trans&er the
moi&i!ations into the other &ile. So i&&eren!es #ill arise /et#een S!hemati!
an Layout.
185
In !ase you !lose one o& the t#o eitor #ino#s EAGLE prompts an eye9
!at!hing yello# an /la!8 #arning on top o& the ra#ing area #hi!h tells you
that %or#arD=a!8 Annotation has /een se,ere. *lease reloa the &ile again.
In !ase you se,ere %D= Annotation intentionally: you !an hie this #arning
/y !li!8ing into the message area.
EAGLE #ill prompt a similar #arning as soon as you try to loa a pair o&
s!hemati!?/oar &iles or a pro<e!t #hi!h is not !onsistent.
Start the Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 EE-CF immeiately. It !ompares /oth &iles an
reports i&&eren!es in the E-C Errors #ino#Hs *onsistency Errors /ran!h. I&
you !li!8 onto one o& these entries: EAGLE mar8s the a&&e!te o/<e!t in
S!hemati! an =oar: i& possi/le.
*ro!ess ea!h message an resol,e the i&&eren!e in the S!hemati! or in the
Layout Eitor #ino#: a!!oring to reKuirements. %inally you !an mar8 the
entry in the list as one #ith the 7rocessed /utton.
%or esta/lishing !onsisten!y again it !an /e help&ul to use '"$).
Laun!h the E-C e,ery time a !hange has /een mae &or esign ,eri&i!ation
an to get an o,er,ie# o& progress. All i&&eren!es are !leare: i& E-C reports
!onsisten!y. "o# the Annotation #ill #or8 again an the /oar an
s!hemati! are again in lo!89step #ith ea!h other.
186
Consistenc loss bet#een )che"atic and Lao!t
7or#ardI'ac( Annotation se$eredJ
6$11 1onsisten!/ 5ost &et(een .!hemati! an" 5a/out
The differences are "ar(ed in both editor #indo#s
$onHt &orget to sa,e the &iles no# an remem/er to lea,e /oth &iles loae
simultaneously all the time.
In the /ottom right !orner o& the eitor #ino# you !an see an ini!ator that
gi,es: epening on its !olor: in&ormation a/out !onsisten!y.
Gray %D= Annotation not possi/le
)nly one &ile loae
+ello# %D= Annotation not a,aila/le
SC> an =-$ ha,e i&&erent names
*in8 %D= Annotation not a!ti,e
SC> an =-$ are not !onsistent
Green %D= Annotation is a!ti,e
SC> an =-$ are !onsistent
(he e2!lamation mar8 right o& the !onsisten!y ini!ator remem/ers you that
the ra#ing is !urrently not sa,e.
187
Consistenc indicator
(his
page
has /een
le&t &ree
intentionally.
188
Chapter 7
'he &utorouter
7.1 Basic #eatures
Any routing gri Emin. 0.02 mmF
Any pla!ement gri
SM$s are route on /oth sies
(he #hole ra#ing area !an /e the routing area Epro,ie enough
memory is a,aila/leF
(he strategy is sele!te ,ia !ontrol parameters
Simultaneous routing o& ,arious signal !lasses #ith ,arious tra!8
#iths an minimum !learan!es
Common ata set E$esign -ulesF &or the $esign -ule Che!8 an the
Autorouter
Multilayer !apa/ility Eup to 13 layers !an /e route simultaneously:
not only in pairsF
Support o& =lin an =urie ,ias
(he pre&erre tra!8 ire!tion !an /e set inepenently &or ea!h layerC
horiIontal an ,erti!al: true 01?1.1 egrees Eimportant &or inner
layersPF
-ipup an retry &or 100 X routing strategy
)ptimiIation passes to reu!e ,ias an smooth tra!8 paths
*reroute tra!8s are not !hange
Ser,es a /asis &or the %ollo#9me router: a spe!ial operating moe
o& the -)'(E !omman that allo#s automati! routing o& sele!te
signals
7.2 )hat Can e -7pected from the
&utorouter
(he EAGLE Autorouter is a \100X\ router. (his means that /oars #hi!h: in
theory: !an /e !ompletely route #ill inee /e 100X route /y the
Autorouter: pro,ie 9 an this is a ,ery important restri!tion 9 the
Autorouter has unlimite time. (his restri!tion is ,ali &or all 100X
189
7 -he 3utorouter
Autorouters #hatsoe,er. >o#e,er: in pra!ti!e: the reKuire amount o& time is
not al#ays a,aila/le: an there&ore !ertain /oars #ill not /e !omplete e,en
/y a 100X Autorouter.
(he EAGLE Autorouter is /ase on the ripup?retry algorithm. As soon as it
!annot route a tra!8: it remo,es preroute tra!8s EripupF an tries it again
EretryF. (he num/er o& tra!8s it may remo,e is !alle ripup epth #hi!h is
e!isi,e &or the spee an the routing result. (his is: in prin!iple: the
pre,iously mentione restri!tion.
(hose #ho e2pe!t an Autorouter to supply a per&e!t /oar #ithout some
manual help #ill /e isappointe. (he user must !ontri/ute his ieas an
in,est some energy. I& he oes: the Autorouter #ill /e a ,alua/le tool #hi!h
#ill greatly reu!e routine #or8.
Wor8ing #ith the EAGLE Autorouter reKuires that the user pla!es the
!omponents an sets !ontrol parameters #hi!h in&luen!e the routing strategy.
(hese parameters must /e set !are&ully i& the /est results are to /e a!hie,e.
(hey are there&ore es!ri/e in etail in this se!tion.
7.$ Controllin, the &utorouter
(he Autorouter is !ontrolle /y a num/er o& parameters. (he ,alues in the
!urrent $esign -ules: the net !lasses an spe!ial Autorouter !ontrol
parameters all ha,e an e&&e!t.
(he $esign -ules spe!i&y the minimum !learan!es E$-C !ommans &or
setting *learance an DistanceF: the ,ia iameter ERestring settingF an the
hole iameter o& the ,ias E"i(es settingF. (he minimum tra!8 #ith is also
spe!i&ie.
(he net !lasses 9 i& any are e&ine 9 spe!i&y spe!ial minimum !learan!es:
tra!8 #iths an the hole iameters &or ,ias !arrying parti!ular signals.
(here is also a range o& spe!ial !ost &a!tors an !ontrol parameters that !an
/e !hange ,ia the Autorouter menu. (hey a&&e!t the route gi,en to tra!8s
uring automati! routing. $e&ault ,alues are pro,ie /y the program. (he
!ontrol parameters are sa,e in the =-$ &ile #hen the layout is sa,e. +ou
!an also sa,e these ,alues in an Autorouter !ontrol &ile EG$ctlF. (his allo#s a
parti!ular set o& parameters to /e use &or i&&erent layouts. "either $esign
-ules nor the ata &or ,arious net !lasses are part o& the !ontrol &ile.
A routing pro!ess in,ol,es a num/er o& separate /asi! stepsC
Bus 5outer
"ormally the /us router starts &irst.
It eals #ith signals #hi!h !an /e route in the pre&erre ire!tion #ith only
slight e,iation in 2 an y ire!tion allo#e. (he /us router ta8es only those
signals into !onsieration that /elong to net !lass 0.
(his step may /e omitte.
190
7$3 1ontrollin0 the 3utorouter
Euses, as understood by the Autorouter, are connections which can be
laid as straight lines in the . or y direction with only a few deviations$
:t has nothing in common with buses in the meaning of electronics, for
e.ample, address buses or the lie$
5outin, Pass
(he a!tual routing pass is then starte: using parameters #hi!h ma8e a 100X
routing as li8ely as possi/le. A large num/er o& ,ias are eli/erately allo#e
to a,oi paths /e!oming /lo!8e.
3ptimiIation
A&ter the main routing pass: any num/er o& optimiIation passes !an /e mae.
(he parameters are then set to remo,e super&luous ,ias an to smooth the
tra!8 paths. In the optimiIation passes tra!8s are remo,e an reroute one
at a time. (his !an: ho#e,er: lea to a higher egree o& routing: sin!e it is
possi/le &or ne# paths to /e &ree /y the !hange path o& this tra!8.
(he num/er o& optimiIation passes must /e spe!i&ie /e&ore starting the
Autorouter. It is not possi/le to optimiIe at a later stage. )n!e the routing <o/
has /een !omplete all the tra!8s are !onsiere to ha,e /een preroute: an
may no longer /e !hange.
Any o& the steps mentione a/o,e may /e separately a!ti,ate or ea!ti,ate.
7.6 )hat Has to e 2efined Before
&utoroutin,
2esi,n 5ules
(he $esign -ules nee to /e spe!i&ie in a!!oran!e #ith the !omple2ity o&
the /oar an o& the manu&a!turing &a!ilities a,aila/le. +ou #ill &in a
es!ription o& the pro!eure an o& the meanings o& the ini,iual
parameters in the se!tion on "pecifying the Design Rules on page 1.5.
'rac! )idth and 1et Classes
I& you ha,e not alreay e&ine ,arious net !lasses in the s!hemati! iagram
you no# ha,e the opportunity: /e&ore running the Autorouter: o& spe!i&ying
#hether parti!ular signals are to /e lai using spe!ial tra!8 #iths: parti!ular
!learan!es are to /e o/ser,e: or #hether !ertain rill iameters are to /e
use &or ,ias &or parti!ular signals. *lease !onsult the help pages ECLASS
!ommanF or the se!tion on "pecifying #et *lasses on page 120 &or
in&ormation a/out the e&inition o& net !lasses.
I& no spe!ial net !lasses are e&ine: the ,alues &rom the $esign -ules apply.
(he ,alue Minimum width in the "i(es ta/ etermines the tra!8 #ith: the
,alues &or minimum !learan!es?istan!es are ta8en &rom the *learance an
191
7 -he 3utorouter
Distance ta/s. (he iameter o& ,ias is e&ine /y the ,alues in the Restring
ta/.
Did you set values in the Design Rules and for net classesP :n this case the
Autorouter follows the higher value$
.rid
(he $esign -ules etermine the routing an pla!ement gri. (he minimum
routing gri is 0.02 mm: #hi!h is a/out 0.7 mil.
Placement .rid
Although the Autorouter oes permit any pla!ement gri: it is not a goo iea
to pla!e the !omponents on a gri that is too &ine. (#o goo rules areC
(he pla!ement gri shoul not /e &iner than the routing gri.
I& the pla!ement gri is larger than the routing gri: it shoul /e set to
an integral multiple o& the routing gri.
(hese rules ma8e sense i&: &or e2ample: you !onsier that it might /e
possi/le: #ithin the $esign -ules: to route t#o tra!8s /et#een t#o pins o& a
!omponent: /ut that an inappropriate relationship /et#een the t#o gris
!oul pre,ent this Esee iagramF.
5outin, .rid
*lease note that the Autorouter gri has to /e set in the A'() !ommanHs
Autorouter "etup Wino#: %eneral ta/: Routing %rid. (his is not the same as
the !urrently use gri in the Layout Eitor #ino# that you ha,e sele!te
#ith the G-I$ !omman.
=ear in min that &or the routing gri the time eman in!reases
e2ponentially #ith the resolution. (here&ore sele!t as large a gri as possi/le.
(he main Kuestion &or most /oars is ho# many tra!8s are to /e pla!e
/et#een the pins o& an IC. (o ans#er this Kuestion: the sele!te $esign -ules
Ei.e. the minimum spa!ing /et#een tra!8s an pas or other tra!8sF must o&
!ourse also /e !onsiere.
(he result isC
!he two grids must be selected so that component6s pads are located on
the routing grid$
(here are o& !ourse e2!eptions: su!h as #ith SM$s to #hi!h the opposite may
apply: namely that a position outsie o& the routing gri leas to the /est
results. In any e,ent the !hoi!e o& gri shoul /e !are&ully !onsiere in the
light o& the $esign -ules an the pa spa!ing.
192
7$4 %hat *as to &e ?e#ine" De#ore 3utoroutin0
(he e2ample a/o,e may !lari&y the situationC
%or the !omponent on the le&t: the pas are pla!e on the routing gri. (#o
tra!8s !an /e route /et#een t#o pas. (he pas o& the !omponent in the
mile are not on the routing gri: an there&ore only one tra!8 !an /e
route /et#een them.
)n the right you see the e2!eption &rom the rule sho#n &or SM$ pas: #hi!h
are pla!e /et#een the routing gri lines so that one tra!8 !an /e route
/et#een them.
When !hoosing the gri: please also ensure that ea!h pa !o,ers at least one
gri point. )ther#ise it !an happen that the Autorouter is una/le to route a
signal: e,en though there is enough spa!e to route it. In this !ase the
Autorouter issues the message 1nreachable "MD at . y as it starts. (he
parameters 2 an y spe!i&y the position o& the SM$ pa.
(he e&ault ,alue &or the routing gri is 10 mil. (his ,alue is su&&i!ient &or
simple through9hole layouts. Wor8ing #ith SM$ !omponents emans a &iner
routing gri.
'sual ,alues are 21: 12.1: 10: or 1 mil.
7lease remember that finer routing grids reZuire significantly more
routing memory$
*emor0 5eKuirement
(he amount o& routing memory reKuire epens in the &irst pla!e on the
sele!te routing gri: the area o& the /oar an the num/er o& signal layers in
#hi!h tra!8s are route.
(he stati! memory reKuirement Ein /ytesF &or a /oar !an /e !al!ulate as
&ollo#sC
num(er of grid points x num(er of signal layers x =
193
Trac( patterns #ith different place"ent grids
7 -he 3utorouter
Spa!e is also reKuire &or ynami! ata: in aition to the stati! memory
reKuirement. (he ynami! ata reKuire in a ,ery rough estimate a/out 10X
up to 100X Ein some !ases e,en morePF o& the stati! ,alue. (his epens
hea,ily on the layout.
(otal memory reKuirement Erough appro2imationFC
static memory x B1.1..=X0D Q(ytesR
(his mu!h -AM shoul /e &ree /e&ore starting the Autorouter. I& this is
insu&&i!ient: the Autorouter must store ata on the har is8. (his lengthens
the routing time enormously: an shoul /e a,oie at all !osts. Short
a!!esses to the har is8 are normal: sin!e the <o/ &ile on the har is8 is
regularly upate.
!ry to choose the coarsest possible routing grid$ !his saves memory space
and routing time)
/a0er
I& you #ant to esign a ou/le9sie /oar: then sele!t (op an =ottom as
route layers. +ou shoul only use the =ottom layer &or a single9sie /oar.
In the !ase o& inner layers: it is help&ul to use the layers &rom the outsie to
the insie: i.e. &irst 2 an 11 an so on.
Inner layers are !on,erte to supply layers i& they are rename to Kname:
#here name is a ,ali signal name. (hese layers are not route.
Supply layers #ith more than one signal !an /e implemente #ith polygons.
(hese layers are treate as normal signal layers.
In the !ase o& /oars that are so !omple2 that it is not !ertain #hether they
!an /e #ire on t#o sies: it is help&ul to e&ine them as multilayer /oars:
an to set ,ery high !osts &or the inner layers. (his #ill !ause the Autorouter
to a,oi the inner layers an to pla!e as many !onne!tions as possi/le in the
outer layers. It !an: ho#e,er: ma8e use o& an inner layer #hen ne!essary.
(hese settings are mae in the Autorouter menu Esee page 193F.
(he autorouter sho#s the message 1nreachable "MD in layer$$$: i& a layer that
!ontains SM$s is not a!ti,e. Cli!8ing ;' starts the autorouter ne,ertheless. I&
you #ant to !hange the autorouter setup !li!8 *ancel.
Preferred 2irections
)n the t#o outsie layers the pre&erre ire!tions are normally set to 90
egrees &rom ea!h other. %or the inner layers it may /e use&ul to !hoose 01
an 1.1 egrees to !o,er iagonal !onne!tions. =e&ore setting the pre&erre
ire!tion it is #ell #orth e2amining the /oar E/ase on the air#iresF to see
i& one ire!tion o&&ers a,antages &or a !ertain sie o& the /oar. (his is
parti!ularly li8ely to /e the !ase &or SM$ /oars.
194
7$4 %hat *as to &e ?e#ine" De#ore 3utoroutin0
7lease also follow the preferred direction when pre&placing tracs$ !he
defaults are vertical for the !op <red= and hori(ontal for the Eottom
<blue= layer$
E2perien!e has sho#n that small /oars !ontaining mainly SM$ !omponents
are /est route #ithout any pre&erre ire!tion at all Eset N in the Autorouter
setupF. (he router then rea!hes a usa/le result mu!h &aster.
"ingle sided boards should be routed without a preferred direction$
5estricted &reas for the &utorouter
I& the Autorouter is not suppose to route tra!8s or pla!e ,ias #ithin !ertain
areas: you !an e&ine restri!te areas /y using the !ommans -EC(: CI-CLE:
an *)L+G)" in the layers 01: tRestrict: 02: bRestrict, and 5A, vRestrict$
t3estrict1 -estri!te areas &or Wires an *olygons in the (op layer.
;3estrict1 -estri!te areas &or Wires an *olygons in =ottom layer.
63estrict1 -estri!te areas &or 6ias.
Su!h restri!te areas !an alreay /e e&ine in a $e,i!e or *a!8age Earoun:
&or instan!e: the &i2ing holes &or a !onne!tor: or &or a &lat9mounte transistor
uner #hi!h there shoul not /e any tra!8sF.
Wires ra#n in layer 20: Dimension: are /ounary lines &or the Autorouter.
(ra!8s !annot /e lai /eyon this /ounary.
(ypi!al appli!ationC /oar /ounaries.
An area ra#n in layer 20 !an also /e use as a restri!te region &or all
signals. It shoul: ho#e,er: /e note that this area shoul /e elete /e&ore
sening the /oar &or manu&a!ture: sin!e layer 20 is usually output uring
the generation o& manu&a!turing ata.
Cutout polygons #hi!h are use: &or e2ample: in inner layers in orer to 8eep
!ertain areas o& signal polygons &ree o& !opper: are not re!ogniIe /y the
Autorouter. It may happen that the Autorouter ra#s #ires in su!h an area.
Cost #actors and 3ther Control Parameters
(he e&ault ,alues &or the !ost &a!tors are !hosen on the /asis o& our
e2perien!e in su!h a #ay as to gi,e the /est results.
(he !ontrol parameters su!h as mnRipup2evel: mnRipup"teps et!. ha,e also
/een set to yiel the /est results a!!oring to our e2perien!e.
We #ant to emphasiIe: that #e re!ommen #or8ing #ith the e&ault ,alues.
I& you ne,ertheless o #ant to e2periment #ith these parameters: please
!onsier the es!ription o& the !ost &a!tors in the &ollo#ing se!tion. In the
!ase o& many parameters e,en small alterations !an ha,e large e&&e!ts.
195
7 -he 3utorouter
7.: 'he &utorouter *enu
When running the Autorouter #ith the A'() !omman: the setup menu
appears &irst. All the ne!essary settings are mae there.
(his is #here you spe!i&y the layers that may /e use &or routing an #hi!h
pre&erre ire!tions apply. Cli!8 in the appropriate !om/o /o2 #ith the
mouse: an sele!t the esire ,alue.
Setting the pre&erre ire!tionsC
- horiHontal
I 'ertical
/ diagonal at @>Y
& diagonal at 1?>Y
! none
//* ,ayer not acti'e
$e&ine a suita/le Routing grid an sele!t the shape o& the through9plate
holes EVia shapeF.
+ou may use the 2oad$$$ an "ave as$$$$ /uttons to loa a i&&erent parameter
set &rom an Autorouter !ontrol &ile EG$ctlF or to sa,e the !urrent settings &or
&urther pro<e!ts.
+ou no# ma8e the settings &or the ini,iual routing steps. Cli!8 onto the
!orresponing ta/ an ma8e any settings you may #ant.
!he 3ollow&me tab is not relevant for the Autorouter pass itself$ Kou may,
however, define the settings for the 3ollow&me router in this tab, because
196
A!toro!ter set!p: +eneral settings A+eneral tabB
7$5 -he 3utorouter +enu
it uses some of the Autorouter parameters, too$ More details about the
3ollow&me router can be found in a later section of this chapter$
(he parameters in the 2ayer costs: *osts an Ma.imum groups !an /e
i&&erent &or ea!h pass. %urther in&ormation a/out this !an /e &oun in the
ne2t se!tion.
(he Active !he!8 /o2 spe!i&ies #hether this step shoul /e e2e!ute or not.
Aitional optimiIation passes !an /e inserte #ith the Add /utton.
Cli!8ing onto the "elect /utton allo#s !ertain signals to /e sele!te &or
autorouting. Sele!t these #ith a mouse !li!8 onto the respe!ti,e air#ires.
(hen start the Autorouter #ith a !li!8 on the tra&&i!9light i!on in the a!tion
tool/ar.
It is: alternati,ely: possi/le to enter the signal names on the !omman line.
E2amplesC
7CC +/9 %
(he signals 6CC an G"$ #ill /e route.
(he semi!olon at the en o& the line starts the Autorouter immeiately. It is
alternati,ely possi/le to !li!8 on the tra&&i!9light i!on.
I& you type in the !omman line
W 7CC +/9 %
all signals e2!ept 6CC an G"$ #ill /e route.
+ou may use #il!ars &or the signal sele!tion: as #ell. Allo#e is
! #hi!h mat!hes any num/er o& any !hara!ters.
; #hi!h mat!hes e2a!tly one !hara!ter.
197
A!toro!ter set!p: )ettings for the Ro!te pass
7 -he 3utorouter
Z][ #hi!h mat!hes any o& the !hara!ters /et#een the /ra!8ets:
&or e2ample Za9&[: &or all !hara!ters &rom a to &.
(he Autorouter is starte &or all the signals that ha,e not yet /een lai /y
!li!8ing on the ;' /utton.
(he *ancel menu item interrupts the A'() !omman #ithout storing any
!hanges.
+ou are not allo#e to ma8e any !hanges to the parameters: i& you #ant to
restart an interrupte routing <o/. 'se the *ontinue e.isting Fob !he!8 /o2 to
e!ie #hether you #ant to !ontinue #ith an e2isting <o/: or #hether you
#ant to !hoose ne# settings &or the remaining unroute signals.
End Fob ens the autorouting <o/ an loas the pre,ious routing result.
A!toro!ter set!p: Restarting an interr!pted &ob
(he AutorouterHs #or8 !an /e unone /y the '"$) !omman.
7.6 How the Cost #actors (nfluence the
5outin, Process
6alues /et#een 0..99 are possi/le &or ea!h !ost &a!tor Ecf...F: /ut the &ull
range is not use&ul &or all parameters. Sensi/le ,alues are there&ore gi,en
#ith ea!h parameter.
(he !ontrol parameters E"n...F a!!ept ,alues in the range 0..9999.
-easona/le &igures are also pro,ie uner ea!h parameter.
(he parameter !an /e set /y the Autorouter Setup Menu. (he settings &or
Route an the ;ptimi(e passes !an /e !on&igure separately. (he menu is split
into three se!tions: 2ayer *osts: *osts: Ma.imum.
198
7$6 *o( the 1ost Fa!tors <n#luen!e the Boutin0 Pro!ess
A!toro!ter: Para"eter for Ro!te
(he &ollo#ing se!tion sho#s the a,aila/le parameters an their e&&e!ts. (he
names o& the parameters are the same as they #oul /e use in an
Autorouter !ontrol &ile N.!tl. $etails a/out this !an /e &oun in 7arameters of
a *ontrol 3ile /eginning #ith page 201.
/a0er Costs
cfBase.77B 0..20
=ase !osts &or one step on the !orresponing layer. -e!ommenationC outsie
layers E(op: =ottomF al#ays 0: insie layers greater than 0.
Costs
cf9iaB 0..99
Controls the use o& ,ias. A lo# ,alue prou!es many ,ias /ut also allo#s the
pre&erre ire!tion to /e &ollo#e. A high ,alue tries to a,oi ,ias an thus
,iolates the pre&erre ire!tion. -e!ommenationC lo# ,alue &or the routing
pass: high ,alue &or the optimiIation.
cf1onPrefB 0..10
Controls &ollo#ing o& the pre&erre ire!tion. A lo# ,alue allo#s tra!8s to /e
route against the pre&erre ire!tion: #hile a high ,alue &or!es them into
the pre&erre ire!tion.
I& cf#on7ref is set to 99: tra!8 se!tions !an only /e pla!e in the pre&erre
ire!tion. )nly sele!t this ,alue i& you are !ertain that this /eha,iour is really
#ante.
199
7 -he 3utorouter
cfChan,e2irB 0..2:
Controls ho# o&ten the ire!tion is !hange. A lo# ,alue means many /ens
are allo#e #ithin a tra!8. A high ,alue prou!es ,irtually straight tra!8s.
cf3rthStep" cf2ia,Step
Implements the rule that the hypotenuse o& a right9angle triangle is shorter
than the sum o& the other t#o sies. (he e&ault ,alues are 2 an .. (hat
means that the !osts &or the route using the t#o other sies are 2S2: as
against . &or the hypotenuse. (hese parameters shoul /e altere #ith great
!areP
cf-7tdStepB 0..$0
Controls the a,oian!e o& tra!8 se!tions #hi!h run at an angle o& 01 egrees
to the pre&erre ire!tion: an #hi!h #oul i,ie the /oar into t#o
se!tions. A lo# ,alue means that su!h se!tions are allo#e #hile a high ,alue
tries to a,oi them. In !om/ination #ith the parameter mnE.td"tep you !an
!ontrol the length o& these tra!8s. I& mnE.td"tep O 0: ea!h gri step at 01
egrees to the pre&erre ire!tion !auses !osts that are e&ine in parameter
cfE.td"tep. Choosing &or e2ample mnE.td"tep O 1 allo#s a tra!8 to run &i,e
steps at 01 egrees #ithout any aitional !osts. Ea!h &urther step !auses
!osts e&ine in cfE.td"tep.
In this #ay: 90 egree /ens !an /e gi,en 01 egree !orners. Settings li8e
cfE.td"tep O 99 an mnE.td"tep O 0 shoul a,oi tra!8s #ith 01 egree
angles.
(his parameter is only rele,ant to layers #hi!h ha,e a pre&erre ire!tion.
-e!ommenationC use a lo#er ,alue &or the routing pass: an a higher ,alue
&or the optimiIation.
cfBonusStep" cf*alusStepB 1..$
Strengthens the i&&erentiation /et#een preferred EbonusF an bad EmalusF
areas in the layout. With high ,alues: the router i&&erentiates strongly
/et#een good an bad areas. When lo# ,alues are use: the in&luen!e o& this
&a!tor is reu!e. See also cf7ad:mpact, cf"md:mpact.
cfPad(mpact" cfSmd(mpactB 0..10
*as an SM$s prou!e good an bad se!tions or areas aroun them in
#hi!h the Autorouter li8es Eor oes not li8eF to pla!e tra!8s. (he good areas
are in the pre&erre ire!tion Ei& e&ineF: the bad ones perpeni!ular to it.
(his means that tra!8s #hi!h run in the pre&erre ire!tion are route a#ay
&rom the pa?SM$. With high ,alues the tra!8 #ill run as &ar as possi/le in
the pre&erre ire!tion: /ut i& the ,alue is lo# it may lea,e the pre&erre
ire!tion Kuite soon.
It may /e #orth sele!ting a some#hat higher ,alue &or cf"md:mpact &or
ensely populate SM$ /oars.
200
7$6 *o( the 1ost Fa!tors <n#luen!e the Boutin0 Pro!ess
cfBus(mpactB 0..10
Controls #hether the ieal line is &ollo#e &or /us !onne!tions Esee also
cf7ad:mpactF. A high ,alue ensures that the ire!t line /et#een start an en
point is &ollo#e. )nly important &or /us routing.
cfHu,,in,B 0..:
Controls the hugging o& parallel tra!8s. A high ,alue allo#s &or a strong
hugging Etra!8s are ,ery !lose to ea!h otherF: a lo# ,alue allo#s &or a more
generous istri/ution. -e!ommenationC higher ,alue &or routing: lo#er
,alue &or the optimiIation.
cf&void 0..10
$uring the ripup: areas are a,oie &rom #hi!h tra!8s #ere remo,e. A high
,alue means strong a,oian!e.
"ot rele,ant to the optimiIation passes.
cfPol0,on 0..$0
I& a polygon has /een pro!esse #ith the -A(S"ES( !omman an there&ore
is isplaye as a &ille area /e&ore you start the Autorouter: e,ery step #ithin
the polygon is asso!iate #ith this ,alue. A lo# ,alue ma8es it easier &or the
Autorouter to route tra!es insie the polygon area. (he pro/a/ility: ho#e,er:
that the polygon is /ro8en into se,eral pie!es is higher. A higher ,alue !auses
the Autorouter to ma8e &e#er !onne!tions insie the polygon.
I& a polygon is in outline moe an not pro!esse /y -A(S"ES( /e&ore you
start the Autorouter: it #onHt /e ta8en into !onsieration at all. cf7olygon
oes not play a role &or su!h polygons.
*a7imum
mn9ia 0..$0
Controls the ma2imum num/er o& ,ias that !an /e use in !reating a
!onne!ting tra!8.
mnSe,ments 0..9999
$etermines the ma2imum num/er o& #ire pie!es in one !onne!ting tra!8.
mn-7tdSteps 0..9999
Spe!i&ies the num/er o& steps that are allo#e at 01 egrees to the pre&erre
ire!tion #ithout in!urring the ,alue o& cfE.td"tep.
See also cfE.td"tep.
Aitionally !an /e &oun the parameters mnRipup2evel: mnRipup"teps, an
mnRipup!otal$ (hose are es!ri/e in the &ollo#ing se!tion.
201
7 -he 3utorouter
7.7 1umer of 5ipup>5etr0 &ttempts
$ue to the stru!ture o& the Autorouter there are some parameters #hi!h
in&luen!e the ripup?retry me!hanism. (hey are set in su!h a #ay that they
o&&er a goo !ompromise /et#een time eman an routing result. (he user
shoul there&ore only !are&ully !hange the ,alues &or
mnRipup2evel: mnRipup"teps an mnRipup!otal #hen neee.
As a rule: high parameter ,alues allo# &or many ripups /ut result in in!rease
!omputing times.
(o unerstan the meaning o& the parameters you nee to 8no# ho# the
router #or8s.
(o /egin #ith the tra!8s are route one a&ter the other until no other path
!an /e &oun. As soon as this situation o!!urs: the router remo,es up to the
ma2imum num/er o& alreay route tra!8s Ethis num/er has /een e&ine
#ith mnRipup2evelF to route the ne# tra!8. I& there are eight tra!8s in the
#ay: &or e2ample: it !an only route the ne# tra!8 i& mnRipup2evel is at least
eight.
A&ter routing the ne# tra!8: the router tries to reroute all the tra!8s #hi!h
#ere remo,e. It may happen that a ne# ripup seKuen!e must /e starte to
reroute one o& these tra!8s. (he router is then t#o ripup seKuen!es a#ay
&rom the position at #hi!h: /e!ause o& a tra!8 #hi!h !oul not /e route: it
starte the #hole pro!ess. Ea!h o& the remo,e tra!8s #hi!h !annot /e
reroute starts a ne# ripup seKuen!e. (he ma2imum num/er o& su!h
seKuen!es is e&ine #ith the mnRipup"teps parameter.
(he parameter mnRipup!otal e&ines ho# many tra!8s !an /e remo,e
simultaneously. (his ,alue may /e e2!eee in !ertain !ases.
I& one o& these ,alues is e2!eee: the router interrupts the ripup pro!ess an
re9esta/lishes the status #hi!h #as ,ali at the &irst tra!8 #hi!h !oul not /e
route. (his tra!8 is !onsiere as unrouta/le: an the router !ontinues #ith
the ne2t tra!8.
7.C 5outin, *ulti;/a0er Boards with
Pol0,ons
It is possi/le to !reate supply layers #ith polygons that !ontain more than one
supply ,oltage: an ini,iual #ires as #ell. *lease note the instru!tions on
page 131: %round 7lanes and "upply 2ayers with "everal "ignals$
$e&ine the polygons /e&ore running the Autorouter.
Gi,e the appropriate signal names to the polygons.
'se the -A(S"ES( !omman to let EAGLE !al!ulate the polygon.
Sele!t the pre&erre ire!tions an /ase !osts EcfEaseF &or the layer in
the Autorouter setup. A higher ,alue o& cfEase &or the polygon layer
!auses the Autorouter to a,oi these layers more strongly.
202
7$8 Boutin0 +ulti-5a/er Doar"s (ith Pol/0ons
A&ter routing: !he!8 that the polygon still !onne!ts all the signal
points. It is possi/le that the polygon #as i,ie as a signal #as lai.
-A(S"ES( re!omputes polygons: an issues the message
Ratsnest: #othing to do): i& e,erything is in orer.
!he Autorouter cannot set Micro vias)
!he Autorouter is allowed to set Elind vias that are shorter than the
ma.imum depth defined in the 2ayer "etup$
7.9 Bac!up and (nterruption of 5outin,
As: #ith !omple2 layouts: the routing pro!ess may ta8e se,eral hours: a
/a!8up is !arrie out at inter,als Eappro2. e,ery 10 minutesF. (he &ile
name$Fob al#ays !ontains the last status o& the <o/. I& the <o/ is interrupte &or
any reason Epo#er &ailure et!.F the !omputer time in,este so &ar is not lost:
sin!e you !an re!all the status sa,e in name$Fob. Loa your /oar &ile in the
Layout Eitor: an then enterC
*T:%
Ans#er the prompt as to #hether the Autorouter shoul re!all E*ontinue
e.isting FobPF #ith Kes. (he Autorouter #ill then !ontinue &rom the position at
#hi!h the <o/ #as last sa,e Ea ma2imum o& 10 minutes may /e lostF.
I& the autorouting is interrupte ,ia the stop i!on: the name$Fob &ile also
remains inta!t an !an /e re!alle. (his may /e use&ul #hen you ha,e starte
a !omple2 <o/ on a slo# !omputer an #ant to !ontinue #ith it on a &ast
!omputer as soon as one is a,aila/le.
*lease note that !hanging the parameters /e&ore re!alling #ill not in&luen!e
the <o/: sin!e it #ill ha,e /een sa,e together #ith the parameters #hi!h
#ere ,ali at the time o& the initial Autorouter start.
When the Autorouter has &inishe: the route /oar is sa,e as name$b>>.
+ou !an rename it to name$brd an use it: &or instan!e: i& a po#er &ailure
o!!urre a&ter the autorouting run an you !oul not sa,e the /oar &ile. (his
&ile is elete automati!ally a&ter the /oar has /een sa,e.
7.10 (nformation for the %ser
Status 2ispla0
$uring the routing: the Autorouter isplays in&ormation on the a!tual routing
result in the status /ar.
203
A!toro!ter: )tat!s 'ar
7 -he 3utorouter
(he isplaye ,alues ha,e the &ollo#ing meaningC
3oute1
-esult in X Ehitherto ma2imum: /est ataF
2ias1
"um/er o& ,ias in the layout
Conn1
"um/er o& Conne!tions total/found/not routa(le
Conne!tions here means 29point !onne!tions.
3ipup1
"um/er o& #ipups/current #ipup,e'el/cur. #ipupTotal
"um/er o& ripupsC
(his ini!ates the num/er o& !onne!tions that ha,e alreay /een route
uring the &oregoing routing pro!eure that ha,e /een E!an /eF remo,e in
orer to /e a/le to route ne# signals.
Current -ipupLe,elC
(his ini!ates the num/er o& !onne!tions that ha,e /een remo,e or
!on,erte in air#ires in orer to lay the tra!8 &or the !urrent signal.
Current -ipup(otalC
A&ter a signalHs routes ha,e /een rippe up it !an /e /ro8en o#n into a
large num/er o& t#o9point !onne!tions. (hese !onne!tions are then route
again. (his ,aria/le ini!ates the num/er o& su!h t#o9point !onne!tions
still to /e route.
(i#nals1
Signals found/handled/prepared:
i& so &ollo#e /yC Brouting_time signalnameD
In !ase the Autorouter nees more than a/out 1 se!ons to lay9out a
!onne!tion: EAGLE sho#s in parenthesis the routing time an the name o&
the !urrently pro!esse signal.
/o, file
%or ea!h routing pass the Autorouter generates a &ile !alle name$pro:
!ontaining use&ul in&ormation. E2ampleC
E*+,E *uto#outer Statistics2
Lo( 2 d2/eagle@/test-design/democpu.(rd
Start at 2 1>.@?.1E B=@.0C.=000D
End at 2 16.1C.0E B=@.0C.=000D
Elapsed time 2 00.??.@E
Signals 2 E@ #outing+rid2 10 mil ,ayers2 @
Connections 2 =?E predefined2 0 B 0 7ias D
#outer memory 2 11=1C60
.assname2 1usses #oute :ptimiHe1 :ptimiHe= :ptimiHe? :ptimiHe@
204
7$10 <n#ormation #or the =ser
Time per pass2 00.00.=1 00.0E.@@ 00.06.?= 00.06.1> 00.06.01 00.0>.>>
/um(er of #ipups2 0 ?= 0 0 0 0
ma). ,e'el2 0 1 0 0 0 0
ma). Total2 0 ?1 0 0 0 0
#outed2 16 =?E =?E =?E =?E =?E
7ias2 0 ??E 1CE 1@0 1?@ 1=E
#esolution2 6.C V 100.0 V 100.0 V 100.0 V 100.0 V 100.0 V
8inal2 100.0 V finished
7.11 Parameters of a Control #ile
We see here ho# the ini,iual parameters in an Autorouter !ontrol &ile
Ename$ctlF are use.
.arameter 9efault Meaning
#outing+rid 0 >0Mil +rid used (y the *utorouter for tracJs
and 'ia-holes
Cost factors for...
cf7ia 0 E 7ias
cf/on.ref 0 > /ot using preferred direction
cfChange9ir 0 = Changing direction
cf:rthStep 0 = 0 or M0 deg. Step
cf9iagStep 0 ? @> or 1?> deg. Step
cfE)tdStep 0 ?0 9e'iation @> deg. against preferred direction
cf1onusStep 0 1 Step in (onus area
cfMalusStep 0 1 Step in handicap area
cf.ad$mpact 0 @ .ad influence on surrounding area
cfSmd$mpact 0 @ SM9 influence on surrounding area
cf1us$mpact 0 @ ,ea'ing ideal (us direction
cf3ugging 0 ? "ire hugging
cf*'oid 0 @ .re'iously used areas during ripup
cf.olygon 0 10 *'oiding polygons
cf1ase.1 0 0 1asic costs for a step in the gi'en layer
cf1ase.= 0 1
...
cf1ase.1> 0 1
cf1ase.16 0 0
Ma)imum num(er of...
mn7ias 0 =0 7ias per connection
mnSegments 0 MMMM "ire segments per connection
mnE)tdSteps 0 MMMM Steps @> deg. against preferred direction
mn#ipup,e'el 0 100 #ipups per connection
mn#ipupSteps 0 ?00 #ipup seZuences per connection
mn#ipupTotal 0 =00 #ipups at the same time
TracJ parameters for...
tp7iaShape 0 #ound 7ia shape Bround or octagonD
.ref9ir.1 0 I .referred direction in the gi'en layer
.ref9ir.= 0 0 Sym(ols2 0 - / I & !
0 2 ,ayer not used for routing
.ref9ir.1> 0 0 ! 2 /o preferred direction
.ref9ir.16 0 - - 2 - is preferred direction
I 2 5 is preferred direction
/ 2 @> deg. is preferred direction
& 2 1?> deg. is preferred direction
205
7 -he 3utorouter
7.12 Practical Hints
(his se!tion presents you #ith some tips that ha,e: o,er a perio o& time:
/een &oun use&ul #hen #or8ing #ith the Autorouter.
Loo8 on these e2amples as signposts suggesting #ays in #hi!h a /oar !an /e
route. "one o& these suggestions guarantee su!!ess.
.eneral
(he layer !osts Ecf2ayerF shoul in!rease &rom the outer to the inner layers or
/e the same &or all layers. It is un&a,oura/le to use lo#er ,alues in the inner
layers than in the outer layers. (his !oul in!rease the neee routing
memory enormously.
!he Autorouter can6t layout wires as arcs)
!he Autorouter can6t set micro vias)
Sin,le;Sided Boards
(here are t#o pro!eures: epening on the 8in o& layoutC
In the simplest !ase: only layer 13: Eottom: is a!ti,e. "o pre&erre ire!tion is
e&ine. Sele!t a suita/le gri an run the Autorouter.
I& the layout is rather more !omple2: it may /e possi/le to a!hie,e a usa/le
result #ith spe!ial parameter settings. *lease ta8e a loo8 at the pro<e!t name
singlesided: #hi!h !an /e &oun in the eagle/proFects/e.amples ire!tory. (his
e2ample pro<e!t !omes #ith ,arious !ontrol &iles EN.ctl=, which are optimiIe
&or singlesie routing.
(he Autorouter may use the (op layer as #ell. (he tra!8s lai there #ill /e
realiIe as #ire /riges on the /oar. In layer 01: tRestrict: you !an e&ine
restri!te areas aroun the !omponents an in regions #here #ire /riges
are not allo#e.
%eel &ree to e2periment #ith the parameter settings &or your layout.
S*2 Boards )ith Suppl0 /a0ers
(he &ollo#ing pro!eure has /een &oun e&&e!ti,eC
(he supply signals are route &irst. In general: a short tra!8 is #ante &rom a
SM$ !omponent to a ,ia that !onne!ts to the inner layer.
=e&ore altering the parameters: sa,e the !urrent Ee&aultF ,alues in an
Autorouter !ontrol &ile EC(L &ileF. Cli!8 on the /utton "ave as$$ in the %eneral
ta/ o& the Autorouter setup #ino# an input any name: &or e2ample:
standard$ctl.
"o# s#it!h o&& the /us router an all the optimiIation passes in the
Autorouter setup. )nly the routing remains a!ti,e. Alter the &ollo#ing !ost
&a!torsC
206
7$12 Pra!ti!al *ints
cf7ia 0 0 7ias are 6elcome
mn7ia 0 1 Ma). one 'ia per connection
cf1ase.1/16 0 ?0..MM 8e6er tracJs in Top/1ottom
mnSegments 0 =..E Short tracJs
Start the Autorouter: using the "elect /utton: an !hoose the signals to /e
route. A&ter the routing pass it is possi/le: i& appropriate: to optimiIe the
result manually.
(he rest o& the !onne!tions are route a&ter this. 'se A'() to open the
Autorouter setup menu: an loa the pre,ious store !ontrol parameters #ith
the 2oad$$ /utton Estandard$ctlF. A<ust the ,alues to any spe!ial #ishes you
may ha,e: an start the Autorouter.
)hat can e done if not all si,nals are routed+
I& this happens: !he!8 your settings.
>as a su&&i!iently &ine routing gri /een sele!te?
>a,e the tra!8 #iths got appropriate imensions?
Can the ,ias ha,e smaller iameters?
>a,e the minimum !learan!es /een optimally !hosen?
I& it is either impossi/le or unreasona/le to optimiIe these ,alues any &urther:
an attempt to a!hie,e a higher le,el o& routing may /e mae /y in!reasing
the ripup le,el. )/ser,e the notes in the se!tion on the #umber of
Ripup/Retry Attempts on page 202.
7.1$ 'he #ollow;me 5outer
(o simpli&y the routing o& air#ires on the /oar: the -)'(E !omman o&&ers
t#o &ollo#9me operating moes that !an route a sele!te signal
automati!ally. (he position o& the mouse !ursor in the layout etermines the
tra!e o& the !onne!tion.
%or this &un!tion your li!ense must pro,ie the Autorouter moule.
Partial and #ull *ode
(o start the %ollo#9me router: a!ti,ate the -)'(E !omman an sele!t the
#ire /en moe 7 or 9 &rom the parameter tool/ar.
A&ter !li!8ing onto an air#ire: EAGLE !al!ulates an appropriate tra!e an
isplays the !onne!tion. Mo,eing the mouse !ursor #ill !hange the !urrent
tra!e. (ra!e pro!essing epens on the !omple2ity o& the layout an may last
some moments. It is re!ommene not to mo,e the mouse !ursor until the
!onne!tion is isplaye.
207
Para"eter toolbar of the ROUTE co""and
7 -he 3utorouter
I& you sele!t #ire /en moe 7 : the so9!alle partial moe: EAGLE
!al!ulates the tra!e o& the sele!te signal: /eginning #ith the mouse !ursor
position to the nearer en o& the air#ire: an isplay it. %i2 the result #ith a
mouse !li!8. (he remaining part o& the air#ire #ill /e !al!ulate ynami!ally.
(his means: that the air#ire may point to another o/<e!t that /elongs to the
signal: epening on the !urrent mouse !ursor position.
With #ire /en moe 9 : the full moe: the %ollo#9me router !al!ulates
the tra!e in /oth ire!tions simultaneously. A !omplete !onne!tion #ill /e
est/lishe. As soon as you are !li!8ing onto an air#ire: EAGLE /egins to
!al!ulate the tra!e o& the !onne!tion &rom the nearer en o& the air#ire to the
!urrent mouse position. It is not manatory that the &arer en o& the air#ire
points al#ays to its original position. $epening on the mouse !ursor position
this en point may ire!t you to another EnearerF lo!ation.
I& it is not possi/le to ra# a !onne!tion &rom the !urrent mouse !ursor
position: the !ursor turns into a small prohi/ition sign. Mo,e the mouse an
try to &in a possi/le #ay &or the !onne!tion. May/e it is su&&i!ient to !hange
the layer at the !urrent position. It !oul also /e a,i!ea/le to a<ust the
$esign -ules. *lease 8eep in min that restri!te areas in the layers
t/bRestrict or #ires in the Dimension layer !an hiner EAGLE to esta/lish a
!onne!tion.
Confi,uration
(he %ollo#9me router respe!ts $esign -ules settingsC
6alues &or *learance: Distance: an "i(e #ill /e ta8en in !onsieration: as #ell
as parti!ular ,alues &or net !lasses: i& e&ine. *lease /e sure that the 2ayer
setup in the 2ayers ta/ is properly set.
(he !urrent gri setting in the Layout eitor ser,es as routing gri. 'se the
G-I$ !omman in orer to !hange it. I& there is alreay a signal assigne to
mouse !ursor: rop it: an sele!t it again. )ther#ise the gri !hange oes not
a&&e!t the !onne!tion.
(he layer setting: #hi!h !an /e !he!8e an !hange in the parameter
tool/ar o& the -)'(E !omman: isplays the layer #hi!h has to /e use at
the mouse !ursor position.
(he %ollo#9me router rea!ts immeiately on !hanges !on!erning #ire #ith
or rill iameter o& ,ias. I& the option Auto set route width and drill in the
;ptions/"et/Misc menu is set: the %ollo#9me router aapts the gi,en ,alues
&or #ire #ith an ,ia rill iameter &rom the $esign -ules an &rom the net
!lasses as soon as an air#ire is sele!te.
208
7$13 -he Follo(-me Bouter
5outin, Parameters
*arameters that a&&e!t the routing strategy are set /y !li!8ing onto the A'()
i!on : #hi!h is a,aila/le in the parameter tool/ar a&ter entering one o& the
&ollo#9me moes. Cli!8 this i!on in orer to open the 8no#n Autorouter
"etup #ino#. (here are t#o ta/s that a&&e!t the %ollo#9me routerC %eneral
an 3ollow&me.
(he Eusses ta/ an the ;ptimi(e ta/s are also a,aila/le: /ut you !anHt moi&y
their ,alues. (hey are only &or Autorouter use.
Alternati,ely you !an open this setup #ino# &rom the !omman line. (ypeC
*T: 8:,,:"ME
Sele!t the %eneral ta/ &or e&ining pre&erre ire!tions &or the signal layers.
(hey etermine the main ire!tion o& signal #ires in this layer.
Che!8 the possi/le options on page 193.
It is possi/le to !hoose #/A G not available G &or a signal layer. (he %ollo#9
me router ignores su!h a layer. )/<e!ts that are alreay ra#n in this layer
#onHt /e ta8en into !onsieration. (his may lea to !ollisions an result in
$esign -ule Che!8 errors. (he %ollo#9me router e2pli!itly #arns you that
su!h pro/lems !an appear.
Settings that !on!ern routing moalities are mae in the 3ollow&me ta/C
2ayer *osts !ontrol the usage o& ea!h layer. (he higher the ,alue E&rom 0 up
to 99F: the more the layer is a,oie.
(he e&&e!ts o& these parameters are e2plaine in se!tion 5.3: /eginning #ith
page 197.
209
7ollo#6"e ro!ter: Defining preferred directions
7 -he 3utorouter
In the Ma.imum se!tion: you !an e&ine the num/er o& Vias the router may
use &or one !onne!tion. I& this ,alue is set to 0: the %ollo#9me router is not
allo#e to set ,ias automati!ally. >o#e,er: you are a/le to manually set a ,ia
/y !hanging the layer.
(he ,alue &or "egments e&ines the ma2imum num/er o& #ire segments a
!onne!tion may !onsist o&. I& you !hoose it too small: it may happen that no
!onne!tion #ill /e esta/lishe.
1otes
(he %ollo#9me router supports roun an o!tagon ,ia shapes only. SKuare
shape ,ias are not possi/le.
I& you are #or8ing in 3ull moe: the %ollo#9me router #or8s in /oth
ire!tions inepenently: /eginning #ith the mouse !ursor position. So it
!oul happen that the router pla!es t#o ,ias ,ery !lose to or e,en
o,erlapping ea!h other near the !urrent position o& the mouse !ursor. In this
!ase mo,e the mouse !ursor slightly: until the ,ias are optimiIe an the
tra!e loo8s goo.
ItHs re!ommene to ra# a Dimension line in layer 20 in orer to limit the
/oar area an there&ore reKuire time an memory.
$epening on the !omple2ity o& your esign: it may /e #ise to in!rease the
!ost &a!tor &or Vias an e!rease it &or #on7ref. (his a,ois &reKuent layer
!hanges.
210
7ollo#6"e ro!ter: )etting ro!ting para"eters
Chapter C
Component 2esi,n -7plained
throu,h -7amples
When e,eloping !ir!uits #ith EAGLE: !omponents are &et!he &rom li/raries
an pla!e into the s!hemati! or: i& the S!hemati! Eitor is not /eing use:
into the layout. All the !omponent in&ormation is then sa,e in the s!hemati!
or /oar &ile. (he li/raries are no longer neee &or !ontinue #or8 #ith the
ata. So #hen you #ant to pass your s!hemati! to a thir party to ha,e a
layout mae &rom it: you o not also ha,e to supply the li/raries. An
alteration in a li/rary has no e&&e!t on a s!hemati! or /oar.
(he most important pro!eures &or esigning !omponents E$e,i!esF an
#or8ing #ith li/raries are e2plaine &rom page 57 on. *lease rea this
paragraph /e&ore you !ontinue to rea the !urrent !hapterP
Some pra!ti!al e2amples &ollo#: &rom #hi!h the e&&e!ti,e appli!ation o& the
rele,ant !ommans an parameters #ill /e seen. %irst #e #ill ta8e the
e2ample o& a resistor an go through the #hole pro!ess o& esigning a simple
!omponent.
(he se!on e2ample pro,ies a &ull es!ription o& the e&inition o& a !omple2
!omponent: in!luing ,arious *a!8age ,ariants an te!hnologies. A&ter that
#e shall is!uss the spe!ial &eatures #hi!h ha,e to /e ta8en into a!!ount #ith
more !ompli!ate !omponents.
Starting at page 235 hints !on!erning li/rary an $e,i!e management !an /e
&oun. >o# to !reate my o#n li/rary? >o# to !opy elements &rom one li/rary
into another?
%irst attempts at eiting *a!8ages: Sym/ols: or $e,i!es may result in the nee
to elete ,arious li/rary elements. (o o this: use the -EM)6E !omman
Esee page 250F.
C.1 2efinition of a Simple 5esistor
%irst open a ne# li/rary in the EAGLE Control *anel using the
3ile/#ew/2ibrary menu.
Alternati,ely you !an type the !omman
:.E/
211
8 1omponent ?esi0n Explaine" throu0h Examples
in the !omman line o& the S!hemati! or Layout Eitor #ino#s. (hen enter
a li/rary name in the &ile ialog. (he Li/rary #ino# opens.
5esistor Pac!a,e
2efine a 1ew Pac!a,e
Sele!t the *a!8age eiting moe ,ia the i!on in the a!tion tool/ar: an
enter the *a!8age name R&4- in the #ew &iel. Ans#er the Kuestion *reate
new pacage 6R&4-6P #ith Kes. Later #hen !reating a ne# Sym/ol an a ne#
$e,i!e you #ill again ha,e to ans#er the !orresponing Kuestions #ith Kes.
Set the .rid
'se the G-I$ !omman to set an appropriate gri siIe &or the pa
pla!ement. 0.01 in!h Ei.e. 10 milF is usual &or stanar !omponents #ith lea
#ires.
Solder Pads
%or a resistor #ith lea9#ires: sele!t the *A$ !omman: an set the pa
shape an the rill iameter in the parameter tool/ar. (he e&ault ,alue &or
the pa iameter is auto Erespe!ti,ely 0F. (his ,alue shoul /e 8ept. (he
a!tual iameter is spe!i&ie /y the $esign -ules &or the layout. (hen pla!e
t#o pas at the esire istan!e. (he origin o& the ra#ing #ill later /e the
ienti&ying point #ith #hi!h a !omponent is sele!te. %or this reason it
shoul /e some#here near the !enter o& the $e,i!e.
Kou should not draw any obFects in layer 4O, 7ads, or 4Y, Vias) !hey will
not be recogni(ed, nor by the DR*, neither by polygons drawn in the
layout, and can lead to short circuits)
%or a SM$ resistor: sele!t the SM$ !omman: an set the pa
imensions in the parameter tool/ar. +ou !an either sele!t one o& the o&&ere
,alues: or ire!tly type the length an /reath into the entry &iel.
All properties !an /e altere a&ter pla!ement using the C>A"GE !omman or
/y typing the !omman ire!tly on the !omman line.
212
)/D co""and: Para"eter toolbar
8$1 ?e#inition o# a .imple Besistor
Sele!t !op as the layer: e,en i& the !omponent #ill later /e pla!e on the
unersie o& the /oar. SM$ !omponents are lo!ate on the other sie o& a
/oar using the MI--)- !omman. (his mo,es the o/<e!ts in all the t..9
layers into the !orresponing b..9layers.
*la!e the t#o SM$ pas E#hi!h in EAGLE are <ust !alle SM$sF at the
esire istan!e. It may /e ne!essary &irst o& all to alter the gri setting to a
suita/le ,alue. (he SM$ !an /e rotate #ith the right mouse /utton /e&ore it
is pla!e.
(he parameter Roundness spe!i&ies #hether the !orners o& the SM$s are to /e
roune. =y e&ault this ,alue is set to 0 X Eno rouningF. (his ,alue is
usually 8ept: sin!e the &inal rounness o& SM$s is spe!i&ie in the $esign
-ules. (he help system pro,ies you #ith more in&ormation a/out this
parameter.
Angle etermines the rotation o& the SM$ pa.
!he :#3; command or the 7roperties entry of the conte.t menu provides
you with a Zuic summary of the current properties of a "MD or 7ad$
Pad 1ame
+ou !an no# enter the names: su!h as 4 an @: &or the pas or SM$s
using the "AME !omman.
Sil!screen and 2ocumentation Print
"o# use the !ommans WI-E: A-C: CI-CLE: -EC(:
an *)L+G)" to ra# the sil8s!reen Sym/ol in layer 21: t7lace. (his layer
!ontains #hat #ill /e printe on the /oar. It is up to you ho# mu!h etail
you gi,e to the Sym/ol. Set a &iner gri siIe i& it helps.
(a8e the in&ormation pro,ie in library$t.t as a guieline &or the esign o&
!omponents. (he line thi!8ness &or the sil8 s!reen is usually 0.007 in!h
E0.20.2 mmF: &or smaller !omponents 0.000 in!h E0.1013 mmF.
Layer 11: tDocu: is not use to print onto the /oar itsel&: /ut is a supplement
to the graphi!al presentation #hi!h might /e use &or printe o!umentation.
Care must /e ta8en in layer 21: t7lace: not to !o,er any areas that are to /e
solere. A more realisti! appearan!e !an /e gi,en: ho#e,er: in the tDocu
layer: #hi!h is not su/<e!t to this limitation. In the e2ample o& the resistor:
the Sym/ol !an /e ra#n in layer 21: t7lace: /ut the #ires: #hi!h go o,er the
pas: are ra#n in layer 11: tDocu.
213
The Pac(age Editor
/aelin,
With the (E4( !omman you pla!e the te2ts U"AME Ein layer 21:
t#amesF an U6AL'E Ein layer 25: tValuesF in those pla!es #here in the
/oar the a!tual name an the a!tual ,alue are to appear. 0.05 in!h &or the
te2t height EsiIeF an 10 X &or the ratio Erelationship o& stro8e #ith to te2t
height: #hi!h !an only /e set: using C>A"GE: &or ,e!tor &ontsF are
re!ommene.
/e recommend to write these te.ts in vector font$ "o you can be sure that
it loos e.actly the same on the printed circuit board and in the 2ayout
Editor$
SMAS> an M)6E !an /e use later to !hange the position o& this te2t
relati,e to the pa!8age sym/ol on the /oar.
In the !ase o& ICs: &or instan!e: the ,alue !orrespons to #hat #ill later /e the
$e,i!e name Ee.g. O52"--F.
/hen woring with the 2ayout Editor only, the value is specified in the
board$
214
5estricted area for components
In layer .9: t'eepout: you shoul !reate a restri!te area o,er the #hole
!omponent E-EC( !ommanF. (his allo#s the $-C to !he!8 #hether
!omponents on your /oar are too !lose or e,en o,erlapping.
2escription
%inally: you !li!8 on the Description /o2. (e2t !an then /e entere in the
lo#er part o& the #ino# #hi!h then opens. >(ML te2t !an /e use: #hi!h
permits &ormatting o& the te2t. +ou #ill &in etaile in&ormation in the help
system uner B!M2 !e.t.
E2ampleC
N(A#-10N/(A
NpA
#esistor 10 mm grid.
@ey#ors &rom this te2t !an /e sear!he &or &rom the A$$ ialog in the
layout.
Do not forget to save the library from time to time)
1ote
(he C>A"GE !omman !an /e use at a later stage to alter o/<e!t
properties su!h as the stro8e thi!8ness: te2t height: pa shape: or the layer in
#hi!h the o/<e!t is lo!ate.
I& you #ant to !hange the properties o& se,eral o/<e!ts at one go: e&ine a
group #ith the G-)'* !omman : !li!8 the C>A"GE !omman: sele!t
the parameter an the ,alue: an !li!8 on the ra#ing sur&a!e #ith the right
mouse /utton #hile the *trl 8ey is presse.
E2ampleC
'se G-)'* to e&ine a group that !ontains /oth pas: then sele!t C>A"GE
an "hape/"Zuare. *ress the *trl 8ey: an !li!8 on the ra#ing sur&a!e #ith
the right mouse /utton. (he shape o& /oth pas !hanges.
5esistor S0mol
2efine a 1ew S0mol
Sele!t the Sym/ol eiting moe: an enter the Sym/ol name R in the
#ew &iel. (his name only has a meaning internal to the program: an oes
not appear in the s!hemati!.
215
Set the .rid
"o# !he!8 that 0.1 in!h is set as the gri siIe. (he pins in the Sym/ol
'ust /e pla!e on this gri: sin!e this is #hat EAGLE e2pe!ts.
Place the Pins
Sele!t the *I" !omman. +ou !an no# set the properties o& these pins in
the parameter tool/ar: /e&ore pla!ing them #ith the le&t mouse /utton. All
these properties !an /e !hange at a later stage #ith the C>A"GE !omman.
Groups !an again /e e&ine EG-)'*F #hose properties !an then /e altere
#ith C>A"GE an the right mouse /utton. See also page 211.
Pin co""and: Para"eter toolbar Asplit into t#o linesB
3rientation
Set the ire!tion o& the pins E;rientation parameterF using the &our le&t9han
i!ons in the parameter tool/ar or: more !on,eniently: /y rotating #ith the
right mouse /utton.
#unction
(he &un!tion parameter is set #ith the ne2t &our i!ons on the parameter
tool/ar. (his spe!i&ies #hether the Sym/ol is to /e sho#n #ith an in,ersion
!ir!le E$otF: #ith a !lo!8 sym/ol ECl8F: #ith /oth E$otCl8F or simply as a
stro8e E"oneF. (he iagram illustrates the &our representations on one
*a!8age.
Pin f!nctions
216
/en,th
(he ne2t &our i!ons on the parameter tool/ar permit setting o& the pin length
E0: 0.1 in!h: 0.2 in!h: 0.. in!hF. (he 0 setting is use i& no pin9line is to /e
,isi/le: or i&: as in the resistor Sym/ol: a pin shorter than 0.1 in!h is esire.
In that !ase the pin is to /e ra#n #ith the WI-E !omman as a line in layer
90: "ymbols.
(he S>)W !omman !an /e use to !he!8 #hether a net is !onne!te to a
pin in the s!hemati! iagram. (he pin line an the net are isplaye more
/rightly i& they are !onne!te. I& a pin #ith length 0 is use: or i& it #as
ra#n as a line #ith the WI-E !omman: it !annot /e isplaye /rightly.
9isile
(he ne2t &our i!ons in the parameter tool/ar spe!i&y #hether the pins are to
/e la/ele #ith pin names: pa names: /oth or neither. (he iagram
illustrates an e2ample in #hi!h pin names are sho#n insie an pa9names
outsie. (he lo!ation o& the la/el relati,e to the pin is &i2e. (he te2t height is
also &i2e Eat 30 milF.
Pin labeling
I& you plan &or your e,i!e to !onne!t one pin #ith se,eral pas an you
!hoose the Visible option Eoth: then there #ill /e only one o& the pa names
,isi/le in the s!hemati! Ethe pa #ith the lo#est num/erF. (he pa name #ill
/e &ollo#e /y an asteris8 ENF in orer to mar8 the multi9pa !onne!tion.
2irection
(he $ire!tion parameter spe!i&ies the logi!al ire!tion o& the signal &lo#C
"C "ot !onne!te
In Input
)ut )utput
I) Input?output
)C )pen Colle!tor or )pen $rain
>iI >igh impean!e output
*as *assi,e Eresistors: et!.F
*#r *o#er pin Epo#er supply inputF
Sup *o#er supply output &or groun an supply sym/ols
(he Ele!tri!al -ule Che!8 e2e!utes: epening on the pin ire!tion: ,arious
!he!8s. It e2pe!ts &or the ire!tion
217
"C a not !onne!te pin
In a net !onne!te to this pin an not only :n pins
!onne!te to this net
)ut not only ;ut pins !onne!te to the net: no "up or ;*
pin at the same net
)C no ;ut pin at the same net
*#r a "up pin set &or this net
I): >iI: *as no spe!ial !he!8s
(he 7wr an "up ire!tions are use &or the automati! !onne!tion o& supply
,oltages Esee page 209F.
Swaplevel
S#aple,el set to 0 means that the pin !annot /e e2!hange &or another pin in
the same Gate. Any num/er /igger than 0 means that pins !an /e e2!hange
&or other pins #hi!h ha,e the same S#aple,el an are e&ine #ithin the
same Sym/ol. (he pins !an /e s#appe in the s!hemati! or in the /oar #ith
the *I"SWA* !omman.
(he t#o pins o& a resistor !an ha,e the same S#aple,el Ee.g. 1F: sin!e they
are inter!hangea/le.
I& the layer 9.: 7ins: is /eing isplaye: the !onne!tion points on nets are
sho#n #ith green !ir!les. (he Direction an "waplevel parameters moreo,er
Ehere 7as an 4F are isplaye in this layer.
!he connections of a diode, for instance, cannot be e.changed, and are
therefore given "waplevel -$
Pin 1ames
(he "AME !omman allo#s you to name pins a&ter they ha,e /een pla!e.
(he automati! name allo!ation: as es!ri/e on page 99 also operates.
Schematic S0mol
(he s!hemati! Sym/ol is ra#n in the Sym/ols layer using WI-E an the
other ra#ing !ommans. *la!e the te2ts S#AME an SVA21E in layers 91:
#ames: an 93: Values E(E4( !ommanF. *la!e them #here the name an
,alue o& the !omponent are to appear in the s!hemati!.
*re!ise pla!ement o& the te2t !an /e a!hie,e /y setting the gri &iner: #hi!h
!an e,en /e one #hile the (E4( !omman is a!ti,e. A&ter#ars: ho#e,er:
set the again gri to 0.1 in!hes.
Layer 95: :nfo, may /e use &or aitional in&ormation an hints.
2escription
Cli!8 onto the Description lin8 in orer to pro,ie a es!ripti,e te2t &or the
sym/ol. +ou are allo#e to use >(ML tags &or &ormatte te2t. More in&o
a/out this !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion: B!M2 te.t.
218
The )"bol Editor
5esistor 2evice
2efine a 1ew 2evice
Create the ne# $e,i!e R&4- #ith this i!on. When you later use the A$$
!omman to &et!h the !omponent into the s!hemati!: you #ill sele!t it /y
using this name. It is only a !oin!ien!e that in this !ase the name o& the
*a!8age an the name o& the $e,i!e are the same.
So enter the name R on the #ew line. (he $e,i!e Eitor opens a&ter the
!on&irming Kuestion *reate new device 6R6P.
Selectin," 1amin, and Confi,urin, S0mols
(he pre,iously e&ine resistor Sym/ol is &et!he into the $e,i!e #ith
the A$$ !omman.
I& a $e,i!e !onsists o& se,eral s!hemati! Sym/ols #hi!h !an /e pla!e
inepenently o& one another in the !ir!uit Ein EAGLE these are 8no#n as
%atesF: then ea!h Gate is to /e ini,iually /rought into the s!hemati! #ith
the A$$ !omman.
Set an Ale,el o& #e.t an a S#aple,el o& - in the parameter tool/ar: an
then pla!e the Gate near the origin. (here are &urther e2planations a/out
Ale,el &rom page 210 on.
219
(he S#aple,el o& a Gate /eha,es ,ery mu!h li8e the S#aple,el o& a pin. (he
,alue o& 0 means that the Gate !annot /e e2!hange &or another Gate in the
$e,i!e. A ,alue greater than 0 means that the Gate !an /e s#appe #ithin
the s!hemati! &or another Gate in the same $e,i!e an ha,ing the same
S#aple,el. (he !omman reKuire &or this is GA(ESWA*.
)nly one Gate e2ists in this e2ampleR the S#aple,el remains 0.
+ou !an !hange the name o& the Gate or Gates #ith the "AME
!omman. (he name is unimportant &or a $e,i!e #ith only one Gate: sin!e it
oes not appear in the s!hemati!.
@eep the automati!ally generate nameP
In the !ase o& $e,i!es #ith se,eral Gates: the name o& the parti!ular Gate is
ae to the name o& the $e,i!e.
E2ampleC
(he Gates are !alle A: =: C an $: an the name o& the !omponent in the
s!hemati! is IC1: so the names #hi!h appear are IC1A: IC1=: IC1C an IC1$.
Selectin, the Pac!a,e
"o# !li!8 on the #ew /utton at the lo#er right o& the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#.
Choose the -910 *a!8age &rom the sele!tion #ino#: an enter a name &or
the ,ersion. I& only one *a!8age ,ersion is use: it is usual to use t#o single
Kuote mar8s E66F &or the name o& the *a!8age ,ersion. It is: ho#e,er: Kuite
possi/le to assign a parti!ular name.
Connections Between Pins and Pads
With the C)""EC( !omman you spe!i&y #hi!h pins are ta8en to #hi!h
pa!8age pas.
(he resistor gate in this e2ample is automati!ally ienti&ie as %>4: &or #hi!h
reason the pins %>4$4 an %>4$@ o& this gate appear in the 7in !olumn.
(he t#o !onne!tions o& the housing are liste in the 7ad !olumn. Mar8 a pin
220
The Pac(age selection
an the asso!iate pa: an !li!8 on *onnect.
I& you #ant to uno a !onne!tion that you ha,e mae: mar8 it in the
*onnection !olumn an !li!8 Disconnect.
Cli!8ing on a !olumnHs heaer /ar !hanges the sorting seKuen!e.
%inish the C)""EC( !omman /y !li!8ing on ;'.
2efine Prefi7
(he *-E%I4 !omman is use to spe!i&y a pre&i2 &or a name. (he name itsel&
#ill initially /e automati!ally allo!ate in the s!hemati!. %or a resistor this
#oul: naturally enough: /e R. (he resistors #ill then /e ienti&ie as -1: -2:
-. et!..
(he names !an /e altere at any time #ith the "AME !omman
9alue
)nC +ou are allo#e to !hange the ,alue in the s!hemati! E&or e2ample
&or resistorsF. Without a ,alue the part #ill not /e spe!i&ie e2a!tly.
)&&C (he ,alue #ill /e generate &rom the $e,i!e name an in!lues
te!hnology an *a!8age ,ariant Ee. g. 50LS00"F: i& a,aila/le.
Also re!ommene &or supply sym/ols.
221
The CO--ECT #indo#
The De$ice Editor: 7!ll defined resistor
2escription
Cli!8 on Description in the es!ription /o2. +ou !an enter a es!ription o& the
!omponent here. (he sear!h &a!ility o& the A$$ !omman in the s!hemati!
iagram #ill sear!h through this te2t.
+ou !an use >(ML (e2t: as in the *a!8age es!ription. +ou #ill &in notes
a/out this in the help system uner the 8ey#or B!M2 !e.t$
It !an loo8 li8e thisC
N(A#-10N/(A
NpA
#esistor 10mm pacJage
Byperlins contained in the description of library obFects are opened with
the appropriate application program$
Save
(his !ompletes e&inition o& the resistor: an it !an /e &et!he into the
s!hemati! iagram. I& you ha,e not alreay sa,e the li/rary: please o it at
this stageP
222
/irar0 2escription
"ot only *a!8ages an $e,i!es !an ha,e es!riptions: /ut the Li/rary as a
#hole !an ha,e one as #ell. (his es!ription is sho#n in the Control *anel as
soon as you e2pan the 2ibraries /ran!h o& the (ree ,ie# an sele!t a li/rary
entry there.
"o matter #hi!h eitor moe ESym/ol: *a!8age: $e,i!eF is !urrently a!ti,e:
!li!8 the 2ibrary/Description menu to eit the es!ription. +ou !an use >(ML
te2t: i& you li8e.
%se /irar0
(he ne#ly !reate li/rary has to /e mae a,aila/le &or the s!hemati! or
layout #ith the help o& the 'SE !omman. (his !omman has to /e use in
the S!hemati! or Layout Eitor. It is also possi/le to mar8 a li/rary as in 1se
in the Control *anelHs tree ,ie#. See help &or etails.
"o# the li/rary #ill /e re!ogniIe /y the A$$ !omman an its sear!h
&un!tion.
C.2 2efinin, a Comple7 2evice
In this se!tion #e use the e2ample o& a ((L !hip E1010.2F to e&ine a li/rary
element that is to /e use in t#o i&&erent *a!8ages Epin9leae an SM$F. It
is a Kua )- gate. (he s!hemati! iagram sym/ol is to /e e&ine in su!h a
#ay that the ini,iual )- gates !an /e pla!e one a&ter another. (he po#er
supply pins are not initially ,isi/le in the s!hemati! iagram: /ut !an /e
&et!he into the iagram i& neee.
(he e&inition pro!ees in the &ollo#ing stepsC
Creating a ne# li/rary
$ra#ing the pin9leae housing E$IL910F
Creating the SM$ housing ELCC920F
$e&ining the logi! sym/ol
Creating the po#er supply sym/ol
Asso!iating the *a!8ages an Sym/ols to &orm a $e,i!e set
223
All the data for this co"ponent has been e%tracted fro" a data boo(
p!blished b Te%as *nstr!"ents, #ho" #e than( for per"ission to
reprod!ce it.
224
Data sheet for the ;E98D:
8$2 ?e#inin0 a 1omplex ?e6i!e
Creatin, a 1ew /irar0
Cli!8 on the 3ile/#ew/2ibrary menu in the EAGLE Control *anel. (he Li/rary
Eitor #ino# appears: !ontaining a ne# li/rary: untitled$lbr.
It is: o& !ourse: also possi/le to e2pan an e2isting li/rary. In that !ase you
#oul use 3ile/;pen/2ibrary to sele!t the li/rary you #ant: or you #oul
!li!8 on the 2ibraries entry in the Control *anelHs tree ,ie#: sele!ting the
esire li/rary #ith a !li!8 o& the right mouse /utton. (his #ill open a !onte2t
menu: one o& #hose options is ;pen. (he Li/rary Eitor is opene.
2rawin, the Pin;/eaded Pac!a,e
(he !omponent is manu&a!ture in a pin9leae *a!8age. (his is a $IL910
housing #ith a pin spa!ing o& 2.10 mm E0.1 in!hF an a #ith o& 5.32 mm
E0.. in!hF.
I& there is a suita/le *a!8age in another li/rary: it !an /e !opie into the
!urrent li/rary. A ne# e&inition #oul not /e ne!essary.
Cli!8 onto the Edit a pacage i!on in the a!tion tool/ar: an enter the
name o& the *a!8age in the #ew /o2 o& the Edit menu: #hi!h is D:2&45 in our
present e2ample. Cli!8 ;': an !on&irm the Kuestion *reate new pacage 6D:2&
456P /y ans#ering Kes.
(he *a!8age Eitor #ino# no# opens.
225
D*L69E data sheet
Set the .rid
%irst set the appropriate gri E10 mil in this !aseF using the G-I$
!omman: an let the gri lines /e ,isi/le.
(he gri !an easily /e sho#n an hien #ith the 3, &un!tion 8ey.
Place Pads
'se the *A$ !omman: an pla!e the soler pas in a!!oran!e #ith the
spe!i&i!ations on the ata sheet. (he pas shoul /e arrange in su!h a #ay
that the !oorinate origin is lo!ate some#here near the !enter o& the
*a!8age.
Ea!h pa !an ha,e ini,iual properties su!h as "hape: Diameter: an Drill
hole iameter. A,aila/le shapes areC "Zuare: Round: ;ctagon: 2ong: an ;ffset
ELong #ith o&&set rillF.
Sele!t the esire pa shape an spe!i&y the hole iameter.
(he pa iameter usually is e&ine #ith the stanar ,alue auto
Erespe!ti,ely 0F: sin!e the siIe is &inally etermine in the layout /y means o&
the $esign -ules: Restring ta/. (he pa appears in the li/rary #ith the e&ault
,alue o& 11 mil.
+ou may: ho#e,er: assign an ini,iual ,alue. I&: &or instan!e: you spe!i&y 50
mil: the !onseKuen!e is that the iameter o& the pa on the /oar !annot /e
less than 50 mil Einepenent o& the !al!ulate ,alue o& the $esign -ulesF.
+ou sele!t this ,alue #hen the *A$ !omman is a!ti,e Ei.e. the pa is
atta!he to the mouse !ursorF using the parameter tool/ar. It is also possi/le
to spe!i&y the rill hole iameter an the pa shape.
(he properties o& pas that ha,e alreay /een pla!e !an /e altere at a later
stage /y means o& the C>A"GE !omman. Cli!8 onto the C>A"GE i!on an
sele!t the property an the appropriate ,alue. (hen !li!8 onto the pas #hose
properties are to /e altere. C>A"GE !an also /e applie to groups Eusing
the G-)'* !ommanF. A&ter the property has /een sele!te: !li!8 insie the
group #ith the right mouse /utton.
As soon as a pa has /een pla!e: EAGLE automati!ally generates soler stop
sym/ols in layers 29 an .0: t/b"top. (he imensions o& the soler stop
sym/ols is spe!i&ie in the $esign -ules: Mas ta/: "top parameter.
*as !an /e mar8e #ith spe!ial &lags E3irst: "top: !hermalsF. (hey !an /e
altere #ith C>A"GE su/seKuently. Gi,ing one pa o& a *a!8age the 3irst
&lag EC>A"GE %I-S( )"F allo#s to e&ine a spe!ial shape &or it in the $esign
-ules: "hapes ta/: option 3irst: in orer to mar8 it as the num/er H1H pa o&
the *a!8age.
Setting the !hermals &lag off pre,ents generating a (hermal sym/ol in a
226
The para"eter toolbar #hen the PAD co""and is acti$e
!opper area.
C>A"GE S()* )%% pre,ents automati! soler stop mas8 generation &or a
pa.
Pad 1ame
EAGLE automati!ally assigns pa names: 7>4, 7>@, 7>A et!.: as
pla!ement pro!ees. Assign the names in a!!oran!e #ith the in&ormation in
the ata /oo8.
(he names !an /e !he!8e easily /y !li!8ing the ;ptions/"et/Misc menu an
!hoosing the Display pad names option. All pa names are isplaye a&ter
re&reshing the s!reen E3@F.
Alternati,ely type in the !omman lineC
SET .*9 :/
(o hie the pa names againC
SET .*9 :88
(he &ollo#ing pro!eure is re!ommene &or !omponents that ha,e a large
num/er o& seKuentially num/ere pasC
Sele!t the *A$ !omman: type in the name o& the &irst pa: e.g. H1H: an pla!e
the pas in seKuen!e. (he single Kuote mar8s must /e type on the !omman
line. See also the se!tion on #ames and Automatic #aming on page 99.
2raw the Sil! Screen S0mol
A simple sil8 s!reen sym/ol that is to /e ,isi/le on
the /oar is ra#n in layer 21: t7lace. 'se the !ommans WI-E: A-C:
CI-CLE: -EC(: an *)L+G)".
Ensure that it oes not !o,er solere areas: sin!e this !an !ause pro/lems
#hen the /oars !ome to /e solere. I& ne!essary: use the G-I$ !omman to
set a &iner gri or use the Alt 8ey &or the alternati,e gri Esee G-I$
!ommanF. (he stanar #ith EC>A"GE WI$(>F &or lines in the s!reen
print is 7 mil or 0 mil: epening on the siIe o& the !omponent.
It is also possi/le to !reate an aitional an rather /etter9loo8ing sil8 s!reen
&or o!umentation purposes in layer 11: tDocu. (his may inee !o,er
solere areas: sin!e it is not output along #ith the manu&a!turing ata.
Pac!a,e 1ame and Pac!a,e 9alue
(he la/elling no# &ollo#s. 'se the (E4( !omman an #rite
A/*ME
in layer 21: t#ames: &or the name pla!eholer: an
A7*,E
227
in layer 25: tValues: as the pla!eholer &or the ,alue: an pla!e this at a
suita/le lo!ation. We use proportional &ont #ith a te2t height o& 50 mil as
e&ault.
I& you #ant to ha,e te2ts upsie o#n /y a *a!8age rotation o& 170V: you
ha,e to use the "pin &lag Esee help &un!tion &or (E4( !ommanF.
(he te2ts !an /e relo!ate at a later stage using SMAS> an M)6E.
it loos e.actly the same on the printed board as it is in the 2ayout
Editor$
&reas #oridden to Components
In layer .9: t'eepout: you shoul !reate a restri!te area o,er the
#hole !omponent using the -EC( !omman or ra# a &rame aroun the
*a!8age #ith WI-E. (his allo#s the $-C to !he!8 #hether !omponents on
your /oar are too !lose or e,en o,erlapping.
2escription
Cli!8 on Description in the es!ription /o2. A #ino# opens in #hose lo#er
part it is possi/le to enter te2t: #hile the &ormatte appearan!e o& the
es!ription is isplaye in the upper part EBeadlineF. (he te2t !an /e entere
in >(ML &ormat. EAGLE #or8s #ith a su/set o& >(ML tags that allo# the te2t
to /e &ormatte. +ou #ill &in etaile in&ormation in the help system uner
B!M2 !e.t.
(he es!ripti,e te2t &or our $IL910 might loo8 li8e thisC
N(A9$,-1@N/(A
NpA
1@-.in 9ual $nline .lastic .acJageX Standard "idth ?00
mil
It is also possi/le to a: &or instan!e: the re&eren!e ata /oo8:
the e9mail aress o& the sour!e or other in&ormation here. (he sear!h &a!ility
in the Layout EitorHs A$$ ialog also loo8s in this te2t &or 8ey#ors.
Byperlins contained in the description of library obFects are opened with
the appropriate application program$
228
Pac(age Editor #ith D*L69E
Save
At this stage i& not /e&ore the li/rary shoul /e sa,e uner its o#n name
Ee.g. myDlib$lbrF.
2efinin, the S*2 Pac!a,e
(he se!on type o& housing &or this !omponent may /e seen in the &ollo#ing
s!ale ra#ing.
229
(he siIe o& the solering areas is to /e 0.7 mm 2 2.0 mm. (he SM$ 1: at 0.7
mm 2 ..0 mm: is larger.
Cli!8 again onto the Edit a pacage i!on: an enter the name o& the
*a!8age in the #ew /o2 in the eit menu. (he *a!8age is to /e !alle LCC920.
Cli!8 ;' an !on&irm the Kuestion *reate new pacage 62**&@-6P /y ans#ering
Kes.
Set the .rid
A<ust the gri to 0.3.1 mm E0.021 in!hF: an let the gri lines /e
,isi/le. It is use&ul to e&ine an alternati,e gri o& 0.01 mm &or esigning this
*a!8age.
230
)/D pac(age, 75 $ersion
Placin, S*2 Solder Pads
SM$ e,i!es are generally e&ine on the top o& the /oarR SM$s are
there&ore al#ays in layer 1: !op.
I& you o #ant to ha,e !omponents on the soler sie: the item is i& neee
re&le!te on the /oar #ith the MI--)- !omman. See also the se!tion on
page 230.
=egin /y pla!ing 1 SM$s at a istan!e o& 1:25 mm &rom ea!h other in t#o
horiIontal ro#s !lose to the !oorinate origin. Sin!e the ,alue 0.7 2 2.0 is not
!ontaine in the SM$ menu: this must /e entere as 0.7 2.0: either on the
!omman line or in the SM$ /o2 on the parameter tool/ar.
Cli!8 there&ore onto the SM$ i!on: an type
0.E =
in the !omman line. Create t#o ,erti!al ro#s as #ell. (he SM$s !an /e
rotate in 90 egree in!rements #ith the right mouse /utton.
(he Roundness parameter EC>A"GE !ommanF spe!i&ies #hether !ur,es
shoul /e gi,en to the !orners o& the soler pas. (he e&ault ,alue is 0 X:
#hi!h means that there is no rouning.
See also the se!tion on page 10..
I& a sKuare SM$ is sele!te: an i& Roundness is e&ine as 100 X: the result is
a roun SM$: as is neee #hen !reating /all gri array housings E=GAF.
Roundness is usually !hosen to /e 0 X #hen a *a!8age is /eing e&ine. A
231
Placing the )/Ds
general ,alue !an /e spe!i&ie in the $esign -ules i& slightly roune soler
pas are pre&erre.
$rag the 0 SM$ ro#s into the !orre!t position. (here&ore use the &iner
alternati,e gri o& 0.01 mm /y pressing the Alt 8ey. (he !ommans G-)'*
an M)6E: &ollo#e /y a right mouse !li!8 on the mar8e group #hile the
*trl 8ey is presse !an /e use to rag the mar8e group into the !orre!t
position. (he siIe o& the !entral SM$s in the upper ro# !an /e altere #ith
the C>A"GE SM$ !omman. Sin!e the ,alue 0.7 2 ..0 is not !ontaine in the
menu as stanar: type
change smd 0.E ?.@ @
onto the !omman line: then !li!8 the SM$. $rag it #ith M)6E so that it is
lo!ate at the !orre!t position.
(he I"%) !omman is &irst !hoi!e &or !he!8ing the positions an properties o&
the soler pas an moi&ying them: i& neee.
When a SM$ is pla!e Ein the (op layerF: sym/ols &or soler stop an soler
!ream are automati!ally !reate in layer 29: t"top: an layer .1: t*ream:
respe!ti,ely.
I& the !omponent in the layout is mirrore onto the /ottom sie: these are
!hange to the layers #ith the !orresponing &un!tions: namely .0: b"top
an .2: b*ream.
SM$s !an ha,e spe!ial &lags E"top: *ream: (hermalsF that !an /e moi&ie
#ith the C>A"GE !omman.
Setting the !hermals &lag o&& a,ois a (hermal sym/ol &or the SM$ !opper
areas.
C>A"GE S()* )%% or C>A"GE C-EAM )%% pre,ents EAGLE &rom
generating a soler stop mas8 or a !ream &rame &or the SM$ automati!ally.
See also help &un!tion a/out C>A"GE an SM$.
:f you have to design a larger area, for e.ample a cooling plate, that
e.ceeds the limits of the "MD command, you can draw a 7;2K%;# that
covers more or less the "MD$ 7lease eep in mind, that you have to adFust
the mass for solder stop and cream frame in the layer t"top and
t*ream, too$ !he DR* will report an overlap error at this position, which
you can approve$
S*2 1ames
I& no names are ,isi/le in the SM$ pas: !li!8 the ;ptions/"et/Misc menu an
a!ti,ate the Display pad names option.
Alternati,ely you !an type the &ollo#ing onto the !omman lineC
set pad_names on @
232
'se the "AME !omman to a<ust the names to mat!h the spe!i&i!ations
o& the ata sheet.
It is alternati,ely possi/le to assign names as the SM$s are /eing pla!e: i&
the !omponent has a large num/er o& pas #ith seKuential num/ers. Sele!t
the SM$ !omman: type in the name o& the &irst SM$: e.g. H1H: an pla!e the
pas in the !orre!t seKuen!e. (he single Kuote mar8s must /e entere on the
!omman line.
See also the se!tion on #ames and Automatic #aming on page 99.
+ou !an also !om/ine se,eral statements on the !omman line: &or e2ampleC
smd 0.E = F1F @
A SM$ o& 0.7 mm 2 2.0 mm name 4 is no# atta!he to the mouse !ursor.
2raw the Sil! Screen
%irst set the gri to a suita/le ,alue su!h as 0.210 mm E10 milF.
$ra# the sil8 s!reen print in layer 21: t7lace.
#ote that the sil screen print must not cover soldered areas, as this will
cause problems when the board comes to be soldered$
(he e&ault ,alue &or the line #ith is 7 mil E0.20.2 mmF: &or smaller
!omponents 0 mil E0.1013 mmF.
It is also possi/le to !reate an aitional: more etaile: sil8 s!reen &or
o!umentation purposes in layer 11: tdocu. (his may inee !o,er solere
areas: sin!e it is not output along #ith the manu&a!turing ata.
Pac!a,e 1ame and Pac!a,e 9alue
(he la/eling no# &ollo#s. 'se the (E4( !omman an #rite
A/*ME
in layer 21: t#ames: &or the name pla!eholer: an
A7*,E
in layer 25: tValues: as the pla!eholer &or the ,alue: an pla!e this at a
suita/le lo!ation. (he te2ts !an /e separate an relo!ate at a later stage
using SMAS> an M)6E.
it loos e.actly the same on the printed board as it is in the 2ayout
Editor$
233
&rea #oridden to Components
In layer .9: t'eepout: you shoul !reate a &or/ien area o,er the
#hole !omponent E-EC( !ommanF or ra# a &rame aroun the *a!8age
#ith the WI-E !omman. (his allo#s the $-C to !he!8 #hether !omponents
on your /oar are too !lose: or e,en o,erlapping.
/ocatin, Point E3ri,inF
As soon as you ha,e &inishe ra#ing the pa!8age: please !he!8 #here the
!oorinate origin is lo!ate. It shoul /e some#here near the mile o& the
*a!8age. I& ne!essary: use G-I$ to !hoose a suita/le gri Ee.g. 0.3.1 mmF:
an shi&t the #hole *a!8age #ith G-)'* an M)6E.
%irst ma8e sure that all the layers are mae ,isi/le E$IS*LA+ ALLF. (hat is
the only #ay to /e sure that all the o/<e!ts ha,e inee /een mo,e.
2escription
(hen !li!8 on Description in the es!ription /o2. +ou !an insert a etaile
es!ription o& this *a!8age &orm here. >(ML (e2t !an /e use. (his &ormat is
es!ri/e in the programHs help system uner B!M2 !e.t .
(he entry o& the LCC920 in >(ML te2t &ormat !oul loo8 li8e thisC
N(A,CC-=0N/(A
NpA
84 ceramic chip carrier pacJage from Te)as
$nstruments.
(he A$$ ialog in the Layout Eitor !an sear!h &or this es!ription or &or
8ey#ors #ithin it.
Save
*lease o not &orget to sa,e the li/rary &rom time to timeP
234
"upposed you found a 7acage that is e.actly the one you need in
another library file, simply copy it into your current library$ More
information about this on page @,O$
2efinin, the /o,ic S0mol for the Schematic
2ia,ram
)ur $e,i!e !ontains &our )- gates: ea!h ha,ing t#o inputs an one output.
We &irst !reate an )- sym/ol.
235
The f!ll defined LCC6:8
Cli!8 onto the Edit a symbol i!on. Enter a name &or the Sym/ol on the
#ew line: su!h as @&inputDpositiveDor: an !li!8 ;'. Con&irm the Kuestion
*reate new symbol 6@&inputDpositiveDor6P /y ans#ering Kes. +ou no# ha,e the
Sym/ol Eitor #ino# in &ront o& you.
Chec! the .rid
Che!8 that the gri is set to the e&ault ,alue o& 0.1 in!h. *lease try to
use only this gri: at least #hen pla!ing the pins.
:t is essential that pins and net lines are located on the same grid$
;therwise there will not be any electrical connection between the net and
the pin)
Place the Pins
Sele!t the *I" !omman: an pla!e . pins. (he pin properties !an /e
!hange /y means o& the parameter tool/ar as long as the pin is atta!he to
the mouse !ursor an has not /een pla!e. I& a pin has alreay /een pla!e:
its properties !an /e altere at a later stage #ith the C>A"GE !omman. A
num/er o& pins !an /e hanle at the same time #ith the G-)'* an
C>A"GE !ommans &ollo#e /y a !li!8 into the ra#ing #ith the right
mouse /utton #hile the *trl 8ey is presse. (he parameters ;rientation:
3unction: 2ength: Visible: Direction an "waplevel ha,e /een thoroughly
es!ri/e #hen the e2ample o& the resistor sym/ol #as e2amine Esee p.
211F.
(he !oorinate origin shoul /e some#here near the !enter o& the Sym/ol:
an: i& possi/le: not ire!tly uner a pin !onne!tion point. (his ma8es it easy
to sele!t o/<e!ts in the s!hemati! iagram.
236
Logical appearance of the ;E98D:
Pin 1ame
+ou assign pin names #ith the "AME !omman. In our Sym/ol the t#o
input pins are name A an E: an the output pin is name K.
*ins !arrying in,erte signals Ea!ti,e lo#F !an /e isplaye #ith a /ar o,er
the name te2t. An e2!lamation mar8 starts an ens the /ar.
)barDaboveDte.t)&normal results in (ar_a(o'e_te)t-normal
%urther e2amples !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion o& the (E4( !omman.
2raw the S0mol
'se the WI-E !omman to ra# the Sym/ol in layer 90: "ymbols. (he
stanar line thi!8ness &or the Sym/ol Eitor is 10 mil. +ou may also !hoose
any other line thi!8ness.
Placeholders for 1&*- and 9&/%-
%or the !omponent la/eling: use the (E4( !omman in the s!hemati!
iagram to #rite
A/*ME
in layer 91: #ames an
A7*,E
in layer 93: Values. *la!e the t#o te2ts at a suita/le lo!ation. It is possi/le to
mo,e the te2ts again in the s!hemati! iagram a&ter using SMAS> to separate
it. (he Sym/ol shoul no# ha,e the appearan!e sho#n in the &ollo#ing
iagram.
2escription
Cli!8 onto the Description lin8 in orer to pro,ie a es!ripti,e te2t &or the
sym/ol. +ou are allo#e to use >(ML tags &or &ormatte te2t. More in&o
a/out this !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion: B!M2 te.t.
Save
(his is a goo moment to sa,e the #or8 that you ha,e one so &ar.
"upposed you found a "ymbol that is e.actly the one you need use
%R;17, *;7K, and 7A"!E to copy it into the current library$ "ee also
page @,M$
237
The )"bol Editor: Logic s"bol AA"erican representationB
2efinin, a Power Suppl0 S0mol
(#o pins are neee &or the supply ,oltage. (hese are 8ept in a separate
Sym/ol: sin!e they #ill not initially /e ,isi/le in the s!hemati! iagram.
Cli!8 onto the Edit a symbol i!on. Enter a name &or the Sym/ol on the
new line: su!h as V**&%#D: an !li!8 ;'. Con&irm the Kuestion *reate new
symbol 6V**&%#D6? #ith Kes.
Chec! the .rid
%irst !he!8 that the gri is set to the e&ault ,alue o& 0.1 in!h. )nly e,er
use this gri #hen pla!ing pinsP
Place the Pins
%et!h an pla!e t#o pins #ith the *I" !omman. (he !oorinate origin
shoul /e some#here near the !enter o& the Sym/ol.
=oth pins are gi,en *W- as their ire!tion. (o o this: !li!8 #ith the mouse
on C>A"GE: sele!t the Direction option: an !hoose 7/R. "o# !li!8 onto the
t#o pins to assign this property.
(he green pin la/el is upate: an no# sho#s 7wr -. It is only ,isi/le #hen
layer 9.: 7ins: is a!ti,eP
238
Pin 1ame
+ou use the "AME !omman to gi,e the t#o pins the names o& the
signals that they are to !arry. In this !ase: these are G"$ an 6CC.
%or reasons o& appearan!e: the pin property Visible is set to 7ad in the Sym/ol
sho#n /elo#: an the pin la/el has /een pla!e on layer 91: #ames: using
(E4(.
Placeholders for 1&*- and 9&/%-
%or the !omponent la/elling: use the (E4( !omman in the s!hemati!
iagram to #rite
A/*ME
in layer 91: #ames. *la!e the te2t at a suita/le lo!ation. "o pla!eholer is
ne!essary &or ,alue here.
&ssociatin, the Pac!a,es and S0mols to #orm a
2evice Set
We no# !ome to the &inal step: the e&inition o& the $e,i!e set. A $e,i!e set
is an asso!iation o& Sym/ols an *a!8age ,ariants to &orm real !omponents
A $e,i!e set !onsists o& se,eral $e,i!es: #hi!h use the same Sym/ols &or the
s!hemati! /ut i&&erent te!hnologies or *a!8age ,ariants.
239
The )"bol Editor: )!ppl s"bol
$e&ining a $e,i!e set or a $e,i!e !onsists essentially o& the &ollo#ing stepsC
Sele!t Sym/olEsF: name them an spe!i&y properties
Assign *a!8ageEsF or spe!i&y ,ariants
Spe!i&y the assignment o& pins to pas using the C)""EC( !omman
$e&ine te!hnologies Ei& esire?ne!essaryF
State pre&i2 an ,alue
$es!ri/e the $e,i!e
Cli!8 onto the Edit a device i!on. Enter the name &or the $e,i!e on the
#ew line.
In our e2ample this is a 1010.2A. (his $e,i!e is to /e use in t#o i&&erent
te!hnologies: as the 10A(10.2A an as the 10AL(10.2A. (he 2 is use as a
pla!eholer at a suita/le lo!ation in the $e,i!e name to represent the
i&&erent te!hnologies. Enter: there&ore: the name 10N10.2A: an !on&irm the
Kuestion *reate new device 6?5G4-A@A6? #ith Kes.
(he $e,i!e Eitor #ino# opens.
A Zuestion mar 3 as part of the Device name is used as a placeholder for
the 7acage Variant name$ :f you don6t use a 3, EA%2E adds the 7acage
Variant name at the end of the Device name automatically$
Select S0mols
%irst use A$$ to &et!h the Sym/ols that /elong to this $e,i!e. A #ino#
opens in #hi!h all the Sym/ols a,aila/le in the !urrent li/rary are isplaye.
$ou/le9!li!8 onto the @&inputDpositiveDor sym/ol an pla!e it &our times.
Cli!8 again on the A$$ i!on: an sele!t the 6V**&%#D6 Sym/ol &rom the list.
*la!e this too onto the ra#ing area.
1amin, the .ates
A Sym/ol that is use in a $e,i!e is 8no#n as a Gate. (hey are
automati!ally gi,en generate names EGM1: GM2 et!.F. (his name is not
usually sho#n on the s!hemati! iagram.
It is ne,ertheless help&ul to assign ini,iual Gate names #hen !omponents
are !ompose o& a num/er o& Gates. (o istinguish the ini,iual )- gates:
you use the "AME !omman to alter the Gate names. Assign the names A: E:
* an D, an name the po#er supply gate 7.
240
Specif0 &ddlevel and Swaplevel
(he Ale,el !an /e use to spe!i&y ho# the gates are pla!e in the
s!hemati! iagram /y the A$$ !omman. +ou !an see the !urrent Ale,el
&or ea!h Gate #ritten a/o,e le&t in layer 9.: 7ins.
Assign the Ale,el #e.t &or Gates A to $: an the Ale,el ReZuest to
the po#er supply gate. $o this /y !li!8ing onto the C>A"GE i!on: sele!ting
the Addlevel entry: an then sele!ting the esire ,alue &or a gate. (hen !li!8
on the Gate you #ant to !hange.
(his means that as soon as the &irst )- gate has /een pla!e on the s!hemati!
iagram: the ne2t one is atta!he to the mouse !ursor. All 0 gates !an /e
pla!e one a&ter another. (he po#er gate oes not automati!ally appear. +ou
!an: ho#e,er: &et!h it into the s!hemati! iagram i& ne!essary: /y ma8ing use
o& the I"6)@E !omman.
(he parameter A$$LE6EL is es!ri/e in &ull etail in the se!tion entitle
More About the Addlevel 7arameter on page 210.
(he S#aple,el etermines #hether a $e,i!eHs gates !an /e s#appe #ithin
the s!hemati! iagram. (he ,alue that is !urrently set is li8e the Ale,el
isplaye a/o,e le&t in layer 9.: 7ins: &or ea!h gate. (he e&ault ,alue is 0:
meaning that the gates may not /e e2!hange. Gates #ith the same
S#aple,el !an /e e2!hange #ith one another.
)ur $e,i!e !onsists o& &our ienti!al Gates that may /e s#appe. Cli!8 onto
C>A"GE: sele!t the "waplevel entry: an enter the ,alue 4. Cli!8 on the &our
)- gates. (he in&ormation te2t in layer 9.: 7ins: !hanges !orresponingly.
Choosin, the Pac!a,e 9ariants
In the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#: !li!8 the #ew /utton at the lo#er right. A
#ino# opens that isplays the *a!8ages e&ine in this li/rary. Sele!t the
D:2&45 pa!8age an gi,e the ,ersion name Q. Cli!8 ;'.
-epeat this pro!eure: sele!t the 2**&@-: an gi,e the ,ersion name 3'.
In the list on the right you #ill no# see the !hosen *a!8age ,ariants: #ith a
simple representation o& the sele!te *a!8age a/o,e it.
Cli!8ing on a *a!8age ,ariant entry #ith the right mouse /utton #ill open a
!onte2t menu. (his allo#s ,ariants to /e elete: rename or ne#ly !reate:
(e!hnologies to /e e&ine: the C)""EC( !omman to /e !alle: or the
*a!8age eitor to /e opene.
=oth entries are mar8e /y a yello# sym/ol #ith an e2!lamation mar8. (his
means that the assignment o& pins an pas has not yet /een E&ullyF !arrie
out$
Suppose you onHt &in the appropriate *a!8age ,ariant in the !urrent
li/rary you may use *a!8ages &rom another li/rary. 'se the *AC@AGE
!omman to !opy the *a!8age into the !urrent ,ariant an to e&ine a ne#
241
,ariant.
E2ampleC
.*C4*+E 9$,1@<d2&eagle&l(r&ref-pacJages.l(r L
(his !omman !opies the *a!8age name $IL10 &rom re&9pa!8ages.l/r into
the !urrent li/rary. Simultaneously the ,ariant ; is generate &or the $e,i!e.
See also page 232.
'he Connect Command
(his must /e the most important step in the li/rary e&inition. C)""EC(
assigns ea!h pin to one ore more pas. (he #ay in #hi!h nets in the
s!hemati! iagram are !on,erte into signal lines in the layout is e&ine
here. Ea!h net at a pin !reates a signal line at a pa. (he pin assignment &or
the 1010.2 is spe!i&ie in the ata sheet. Che!8 the !onne!ts in the li/rary
#ith !are. Errors that may pass unnoti!e here !an ma8e the layout useless.
Sele!t the Q ,ersion &rom the *a!8age list an !li!8 the C)""EC( /utton. (he
!onne!t #ino# opens.
242
The pin assign"ent for the
pac(ages
CO--ECT dialog
(he list o& pins is on the le&t: an the pas are in the !enter. Cli!8 onto a pin9
entry: an sele!t the asso!iate pa. =oth entries are no# mar8e. +ou <oin
them #ith the !onne!t /utton. (his pair no# appears on the right: in the
*onnection !olumn. ;oin ea!h pin to its pa in a!!oran!e #ith the ata
sheet. %inish the e&inition /y !li!8ing ;'.
*lease note that in our e2ample the Gates are name A: =: C: an $ #hile
they are name 1: 2: .: an 0 in the ata sheet.
$e&ine the !onne!tions &or the se!on *a!8age ,ersion: 3': in the same #ay.
Sele!t the ,ersion: an !li!8 the *onnect /utton. (he usual ialog appears in
the !onne!t #ino#. *ro!ee e2a!tly as es!ri/e a/o,e.
*lease note that si2 pas are not !onne!te in this ,ersion. (hey are le&t o,er
in the 7ad !olumn. %inish the pro!ess /y !li!8ing ;'.
(here is no# a green ti!8 to the right o& /oth *a!8age ,ariants: an this
ini!ates that !onne!tion is !omplete. (his is only true #hen e,ery pin is
!onne!te to a pa.
:t is not possible to connect several pins with a common pad)
A Device may contain more pads than pins, but not the other way
around)
7ins with direction #* <not connected= must be connected to a pad, as
well)
:n the section Y$5 beginning with page @5Y is e.plained how to use the
Append button of the *onnect dialog in order to connect one pin with
more than one pad$
243
2efinin, 'echnolo,ies
As note a/o,e: the 1010.2 is to /e use in t#o i&&erent te!hnologies A"
an A2". =y in!luing a N as a pla!eholer in the $e,i!e name #e ha,e
alreay ta8en the &irst step to#ars this. In the s!hemati! iagram the !oe
&or the !hosen te!hnology #ill appear instea o& the N. (he ata sheet sho#s
that /oth te!hnologies are a,aila/le in /oth *a!8ages.
Sele!t the Q *a!8age &rom the list on the right o& the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#.
(hen !li!8 onto !echnologies in the es!ription /o2. (he te!hnologies #ino#
opens. $e&ine the te!hnology in the #ew line: an !on&irm the entry #ith ;'.
When the entry has /een !omplete: the A" an A2" entries are a!ti,ate
#ith a ti!8.
Close the #ino# /y !li!8ing ;' again.
Sele!t the %@ ,ersion &rom the *a!8age list. Cli!8 onto !echnologies in the
es!ription /o2 again. +ou #ill no# see that AS an ALS are a,aila/le as
sele!tions in the te!hnologies #ino#. A!ti,ate /oth o& these /y !li!8ing into
the small /o2 to the le&t: so that a ti!8 is isplaye. %inish the e&inition /y
!li!8ing ;'.
(he te!hnologies a,aila/le &or the sele!te *a!8age ,ersion are no# liste in
the es!ription area o& the $e,i!e Eitor.
Specif0in, the Prefi7
(he pre&i2 o& the $e,i!e name is e&ine simply /y !li!8ing on the 7refi.
/utton. :* is to /e entere in this e2ample.
9alue
(he setting o& value etermines #hether the 6AL'E !omman !an /e use to
alter the ,alue o& the $e,i!e in the s!hemati! iagram an in the layout.
;nC +ou are allo#e to !hange the ,alue in the s!hemati! E&or e2ample
&or resistorsF. $e&ining the ,alue is ne!essary to spe!i&y the part.
;ffC (he ,alue #ill /e generate &rom the $e,i!e name #hi!h !an
in!lue te!hnology an *a!8age ,ariant name Ee.g. 50LS00"F.
E,en i& Value is set ;ff: it is possi/le to !hange the ,alue o& a !omponent a&ter
!on&irming a #arning message.
I& you !hange the initial ,alue an e!ie to use another (e!hnology or
244
Technologies for pac(age $ariant L
*a!8age ,ariant later #ith C>A"GE *AC@AGE or C>A"GE (EC>")L)G+:
the user9e&ine ,alue #ill remain un!hange.
2escription
Cli!8 onto Description in the es!ription /o2. +ou !an enter a es!ription o&
the $e,i!e in the #ino# #hi!h no# opens. 'se typi!al terms that you might
apply &or a 8ey#or sear!h. (he sear!h &a!ility o& the A$$ !omman in the
s!hemati! iagram #ill also sear!h through this te2t.
+ou !an use >(ML te2t. (he synta2 is es!ri/e in the help system uner the
8ey#or B!M2 !e.t.
(he es!ription !an loo8 li8e thisC
N(A>@10?=*N/(A
NpA
Uuadruple =-$nput .ositi'e-:# 1uffers/9ri'ers
from T$.
Save
(his !ompletes e&inition o& the $e,i!e set. I& you ha,e not alreay sa,e the
li/rary: please o it at this stageP
245
De$ice Editor: ;E298D:A.de$
C.$ Suppl0 9olta,es
Component Power Suppl0 Pins
(he !omponentsH supply pins are to /e gi,en the ire!tion 7wr in the Sym/ol
e&inition. (he pin name etermines the name o& the supply signal. *ins
#hose ire!tion is 7wr an #hi!h ha,e the same name are automati!ally
#ire together Ee,en #hen no net line is sho#n e2pli!itlyF. Whether the pins
are ,isi/le in the s!hemati! iagram or are &et!he /y means o& a hien
Sym/ol is also not rele,ant.
(nvisile Suppl0 Pins
We o not #ant as a rule to ra# the supply !onne!tions &or logi!
!omponents or operational ampli&iers in the s!hemati!. In su!h a !ase a
spe!i&i! Sym/ol !ontaining the supply !onne!tions is e&ine. (his !an /e
emonstrate #ith the e2ample o& a 5000 ((L !omponentC
+ou &irst e&ine a "A"$ gate #ith the name O5--: an the &ollo#ing
properties in the Sym/ol EitorC
(he t#o input pins are !alle :- an :4 an are e&ine as ha,ing ire!tion
:n: S#aple,el 4, ,isi/le 7in an &un!tion #one.
(he output pin is !alle ; an is e&ine #ith ire!tion ;ut: S#aple,el -:
,isi/le 7in: an &un!tion Dot.
"o# e&ine the supply gate #ith the name 7/R#: an the &ollo#ing
propertiesC
246
-A-D )"bol ME88 AE!ropean RepresentationB
8$3 .uppl/ >olta0es
(he t#o pins are !alle %#D an V**. (hey are e&ine #ith ire!tion 7wr:
S#aple,el 0: &un!tion #one: an ,isi/le 7ad.
"o# !reate the O5-- $e,i!e in the $e,i!e EitorC
Spe!i&y the *a!8age #ith *AC@AGE E#hi!h must alreay /e present in the
li/raryF an use *-E%I4 to spe!i&y the name pre&i2 as :*.
'se the A$$ !omman to pla!e the O5-- Sym/ol &our times: #ith Ale,el
/eing set to #e.t an S#aple,el to 4. (hen la/el the Gates as A: =: C an $
#ith the "AME !omman.
(he Ale,el o& #e.t means that as these Gates are pla!e into the s!hemati!:
they #ill /e use in that seKuen!e: i.e.: the seKuen!e in #hi!h they #ere
&et!he into the $e,i!e.
(hen pla!e the 7/R# Sym/ol on!e: using Ale,el ReZuest an S#aple,el 0.
"ame this Gate 7.
Ale,el ReZuest spe!i&ies t#o thingsC
(he supply gate #ill only /e &et!he into the s!hemati! i& reKueste:
i.e. #ith the I"6)@E !omman. (he A$$ !omman #ill only /e a/le
to pla!e "A"$ gates.
(he supply gate #ill not /e in!lue #hen names are allo!ate to the
s!hemati!. Whereas an IC #ith t#o #e.t Gates appears in the
s!hemati! as something li8e IC1A an IC1=: an IC #ith one #e.t Gate
an one ReZuest Gate #ill only /e ienti&ie as IC1.
So use the C)""EC( !omman to e&ine the housing pas to #hi!h the
supply pins are !onne!te.
Pins with the Same 1ames
I& you #ant to e&ine !omponents ha,ing se,eral po#er pins o& the same
name: letHs suppose that three pins are all to /e !alle G"$: then pro!ee as
&ollo#sC
set pin ire!tion 7wr &or ea!h po#er pin
247
Po#er gate
name these pins G"$^1: G"$^2: an G"$^.
)nly the !hara!ters in &ront o& the \^\ are ,isi/le in the s!hemati!: an the
pins are treate as i& they #ere all !alle G"$. In the /oar the re&erring
pas are !onne!te #ith air#ires automati!ally.
C.6 3ne Pin H *ultiple Pads Connections
+ou are allo#e to !onne!t one pin #ith se,eral pas /elonging to a !ommon
signal. (his !an /e one #ith the help o& the Append /utton in the !onne!t
ialog #ino#.
%irst mar8 one pin an one pa in the !onne!t ialog as usual an !li!8 onto
the *onnect /utton. (he pin?pa !onne!tion no# appears in the *onnection
!olumn.
In orer to a a &urther pa to this !onne!tion &irst mar8 the !onne!tion:
then sele!t the pa in the 7ad !olumn: an !li!8 onto the Append /utton.
-epeat this &or &urther pas: i& ne!essary. (he names o& the pas appene
no# are isplaye in the *onnection !olumn.
EAGLE 8no#s t#o i&&erent #ays o& !reating multiple pa !onne!tionsC
As soon as you esta/lish a multiple pa !onne!tion: a spe!ial i!on is isplaye
in the *onnections !olumn: lo!ate /et#een 7in an 7ad list. It in&orms you
a/out the moeC All or Any.
AllC All pas must /e !onne!te #ith tra!es. In the Layout eitor you
#ill see all pas !onne!te #ith air#ires you ha,e to route.
AnyC )nly one o& the pas #ill /e !onne!te /y an air#ire an has to
/e route. In the routing pro!ess it is up to you #hi!h pa you
#ant to !onne!t #ith a tra!e. In this moe internal !onne!tions
o& a e,i!e !an /e realiIe.
%urther in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help: Editor *ommands/*;##E*!.
248
Connect: One pin is connected to three pads in An "ode
8$5 .uppl/ ./m&ols
C.: Suppl0 S0mols
Supply sym/ols: su!h as might /e use in the s!hemati! &or groun or 6CC:
are e&ine as $e,i!es #ithout a *a!8age. (hey are neee &or the automati!
#iring o& supply nets Esee page 125F.
(he &ollo#ing iagram sho#s a G"$ sym/ol as it is e&ine in one o& the
supplie EAGLE li/raries.
"ote that #hen e&ining your o#n supply sym/ols: the pin an the $e,i!e
name nee to agree.
(he pin is e&ine #ith ire!tion sup an has the name %#D. (his spe!i&ies
that the $e,i!e !ontaining this Sym/ol is responsi/le &or the automati! #iring
o& the G"$ signal. (he te2t ,aria/le &or the ,alue EU6AL'EF is !hosen &or the
la/eling. (he $e,i!e also re!ei,es the name %#D. (hus the la/el G"$
appears in the s!hemati!: sin!e /y e&ault EAGLE uses the $e,i!e name &or
the ,alue.
It is ,ery important that the la/eling reprou!es the pin names: sin!e
other#ise the user #ill not 8no# #hi!h signal is automati!ally !onne!te.
(he pin parameter Visible is there&ore set to off: sin!e other#ise the pla!ing:
orientation an siIe o& the pin name #oul no longer /e &reely sele!ta/le.
$ire!tly la/eling #ith the te2t %#D #oul also ha,e /een possi/le here. With
the !hosen solution ho#e,er: the Sym/ol !an /e use in ,arious $e,i!es
Esu!h as &or $G"$ et!.F.
)!ppl s"bol for +-D
249
!he "upply symbol has no 7acage assigned)
As has /een e2plaine a/o,e: the $e,i!e re!ei,es the name o& the pin that is
use in the Sym/ol. (he !orresponing $e,i!e is e&ine #ith Ale,el #e.t.
I& you set 6alue to off you !an /e sure that the la/eling is not a!!ientally
!hange. )n the other han: you ha,e more &le2i/ility #ith 6alue set to on.
+ou !an alter the la/el i&: &or instan!e: you ha,e a se!on groun potential.
+ou must: ho#e,er: then !reate e2pli!it nets &or the se!on groun.
N!ic( g!ide to define a )!ppl )"bol:
Create a ne# Sym/ol in the li/rary
*la!e the pin: #ith ire!tion Supply
*in name !orrespons to the signal name
Set 6alue pla!eholer
Create a ne# $e,i!e
$e,i!e name is signal name
*a!8age assignment not ne!essary
C.6 &ttriutes
+ou are allo#e to e&ine: aitionally to Sname an Svalue: &urther
properties: the so9!alle attri/utes. ItHs possi/le to e&ine attri/utes &or ea!h
te!hnology an *a!8age ,ariant in the $e,i!e eitor. (his !hapter #ill guie
you through the pro!ess o& e&ining attri/utes #ith the help o& an e2ample.
(here&ore open the li/rary 50229us.l/r an sa,e a !opy o& it #ith "ave as$$$ in
an ar/itrary ire!tory. We onHt #ant to !hange the original li/rary &or this.
Eit the $e,i!e O5G-?.
2efine &ttriutes
LetHs e&ine some attri/utes &or the *a!8age ,ariant #: #hi!h is the D:245
*a!8age. (here&ore !li!8 onto entry $IL10 E6ariant "F in the *a!8age list on
the right9han sie o& the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#. "o# !li!8 the A((-I='(E
!omman i!on in the menu /ar or onto the te2t Attributes in the
es!ription #ino# /elo# the representation o& the $e,i!e. (he &ollo#ing
Attri/ute #ino# #ill appear.
(his ialog initially sho#s the (e!hnologies a,aila/le &or the *a!8age ,ariant
#. Cli!8ing the #ew /utton opens the #ew Attribute #ino#. *lease enter: &or
e2ample: Beight &or the attri/uteHs name an -$4,in &or the attri/uteHs value.
(he line /elo# etermines #hether it is allo#e to moi&y the ,alue o& the
attri/ute EvariableF or not EconstantF in the ra#ing. Sele!t constant in our
250
8$6 3ttri&utes
e2ample here.
"o# you ha,e still to e&ine &or #hi!h (e!hnologies the attri/ute shoul /e
,aliC &or the !urrently sele!te one only EcurrentF or &or all. Sele!t all here.
Cli!8 the ;' /utton an the ne# attri/ute is sho#n in the list no#.
LetHs e&ine a se!on attri/ute that shoul ha,e i&&erent ,alues &or the
(e!hnologies. Cli!8 the #ew /utton in the Attri/utesH ialog again. Enter the
&ollo#ing parametersC
"ameC Distributor 6alueC "mith: variable (e!hnologiesC all
Cli!8 ;' no#. A &urther !olumn &or the Distributor attri/ute is sho#n. All
te!hnologies ha,e the "mith entry.
Attribute names are written in upper case letters automatically)
=ut in our e2ample the LS te!hnology has to /e istri/ute /y Miller
e2!lusi,ely. Cli!8 into the &iel o& the Distributor attri/ute that /elongs to the
LS te!hnology.
251
Attrib!tesO dialog
Defining the ,eight Attrib!te
The Distrib!tor field for L) is selected
Cli!8 onto the *hange /utton no#. (he #ino# &or !hanging the properties
o& the attri/ute opens. Set the &ollo#ing optionsC
"ameC Distributor 6alueC Miller e.clusively: constant (e!hnologiesC current
Cli!8 the ;' /utton: an the e2!eption &or the LS te!hnology is e&ine. (his
,alue !an not /e altere in the S!hemati!?Layout.
(he *hange ialog allo#s three possi/ilities in the !echnologies &ielC current:
same: all. (his means that the !urrently !hange properties #ill /e ,ali &or
the !urrently sele!te EcurrentF: &or all the te!hnologies #ith the same
attri/ute ,alue as the !urrently sele!te Eall with same valueF : or &or all
te!hnologies.
%inally letHs e&ine a &urther attri/ute &or remar8s. (his attri/ute #ill ha,e no
initial ,alue an #ill /e variable$ So #e !an use it in the S!hemati! or in the
Layout: i& ne!essary.
(here&ore !li!8 again the #ew /utton in the Attri/utes ialog an ma8e the
&ollo#ing settingsC
"ameC Remars 6alueC &: variable (e!hnologiesC all
Cli!8 )@. (he attri/utes #ino# loo8s li8e this no#C
252
All the Attrib!tes for ME28;, 4ariant -
8$6 3ttri&utes
Attributes with a fi.ed value are colored gray in the table$
(he e&inition o& attri/utes &or the *a!8age ,ariant # is &inishe no#. Cli!8
;' to !lose the Attri/utes #ino# no#. (he attri/utes are sho#n in aition
to !echnologies in the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#.
I& you li8e to e&ine attri/utes: &or e2ample: &or the *a!8age ,ariant D
E";45F: !li!8 onto the entry in the *a!8age list o& the $e,i!e Eitor #ino#
an pro!ee as es!ri/e a/o,e &or ,ariant #.
ItHs also possi/le to e&ine attri/utes ,ia the !omman line or #ith the help o&
a S!ript &ile. *lease ta8e a loo8 into the help &un!tion a/out the A((-I='(E
!omman &or etails.
2ispla0 &ttriutes
I& you #oul use the $e,i!e O5G-? #ithout &urther !hanges in the S!hemati!
or Layout Eitor: it #oul /ring along its attri/utes an their ,alues. (he
attri/utes are not ,isi/le in the ra#ing an !an /e !he!8 #ith the
A((-I='(ES !omman.
In&ormation a/out ho# to isplay attri/utes in S!hemati! or Layout !an /e
&oun on page 1.0 in this manual.
Placeholders in S0mol and Pac!a,e
Alreay in the li/rary you may e&ine #hether an attri/ute #ill /e isplaye
together #ith the $e,i!e in the S!hemati! or the *a!8age in the Layout.
Simply #rite a pla!eholer te2t in the Sym/ol or *a!8age #ith the (E4(
!omman. Su!h a pla!eholer te2t /egins #ith the S !hara!ter: as it is #ith
Sname an Svalue. %or our e2ample attri/utes #e e&ine a/o,e: you ha,e
to #riteC
A9istri(utor
A3eight
A#emarJs
*la!e this te2t at a suita/le lo!ation in the Sym/ol or *a!8age Eitor an
sele!t a proper layer &or ea!h te2t. It oesnHt matter i& you #rite it #ith upper
or lo#er !ase letters.
As soon as you a a part #ith pre9e&ine attri/ute pla!eholer te2ts an set
a ,alue &or an attri/ute in S!hemati! an =oar respe!ti,ely: the attri/uteHs
,alue #ill /e isplaye at the pla!eholer te2tHs lo!ation.
(hese te2ts !an /e separate &rom the $e,i!e?*a!8age #ith the SMAS>
!omman. %rom then on the Display property o& the Attribute ialog ta8es
e&&e!t. (he possi/le options are ;ff: Value: #ame: or Eoth.
See page 1.0 &or etails a/out isplay options o& attri/utes.
253
C.7 /aelin, of Schematic S0mols
(he t#o te2t ,aria/les S#AME an SVA21E are a,aila/le &or la/eling
*a!8ages an s!hemati! Sym/ols. (heir use has alreay /een illustrate.
(here are t#o &urther methos that !an /e use in the s!hemati!C U*A-(
an S%A!E$
(he &ollo#ing iagram illustrates their use: in !ontrast to S#AME. (he
Sym/ol e&inition on the le&t: the appearan!e in the s!hemati! iagram on
the right.
In the &irst !ase all the sym/ols are la/ele #ith U"AME. In the se!on !ase:
the sym/ol o& the &irst gate is la/ele #ith U*A-( an UGA(E: the other
three #ith UGA(E only.
C.C *ore aout the &ddlevel Parameter
(he Ale,el o& the Gates that ha,e /een &et!he etermines the manner in
#hi!h these Gates are &et!he into the s!hemati!: an uner #hat !onitions
it !an /e elete &rom the s!hemati!.
Summar0
:e-t1 %or all Gates that shoul /e &et!he in seKuen!e Ee.g. the "A"$ Gates
o& a 5000F. (his is also a goo option &or $e,i!es #ith a single Gate. (he A$$
!omman &irst ta8es unuse #e.t&%ates &rom !omponents #hi!h e2ist on the
!urrent sheet /e&ore \opening\ a ne# !omponent.
Must1 %or Gates #hi!h must /e present i& some other Gate &rom the
!omponent is present. (ypi!al e2ampleC the !oil o& a relay. Must9Gates !annot
/e elete /e&ore all the other Gates &rom that !omponent ha,e /een elete.
254
Labeling of a sche"atic s"bol
8$8 +ore a&out the 3""le6el Parameter
Can1 %or Gates #hi!h are only use as reKuire. In a relay the !onta!ts may
/e e&ine #ith Ale,el *an. In su!h a !ase the ini,iual !onta!ts !an /e
spe!i&i!ally &et!he #ith I"6)@E: an !an later /e elete #ith $ELE(E.
Al$a/s1 %or Gates #hi!h as a general rule #ill /e use in the s!hemati! as
soon as the !omponent is use at all. E2ampleC !onta!ts &rom a multi9!onta!t
relay: o& #hi!h a &e# are o!!asionally le&t unuse. (hese !onta!ts !an /e
remo,e #ith $ELE(E: pro,ie that they #ere e&ine #ith Ale,el
Always.
3eFuest1 %or supply gates o& !omponents.
(he i&&eren!e &rom *an isC A $e,i!e #ith e2a!tly one #e.t9Gate an a
ReZuest9Gate #ill /e name: &or e2ample IC1. (he Gate name oes not appear
in the name o& the part in the s!hemati!. (he ReZuest9GateHs name: ho#e,er
#ill !onsist o& 7refi.I#umberI%ate name: &or e2ample: :*47.
5ela0B Coil and #irst Contact must e Placed
A relay #ith three !onta!ts is to /e esigne: o& #hi!h typi!ally only the &irst
!onta!t #ill /e use.
$e&ine the !oil an one !onta!t as their o#n Sym/ols. In the $e,i!e: gi,e the
!oil an the &irst !onta!t the Ale,el Must. All the other !onta!ts are gi,en
the Ale,el *an.
I& the relay is &et!he into the s!hemati! #ith the A$$ !omman: the !oil an
the &irst !onta!t are pla!e. I& another !onta!t is to /e pla!e: this !an /e
one #ith the I"6)@E !omman. (he !oil !annot /e elete on its o#n. It
isappears #hen all the !onta!ts ha,e /een elete E/eginning #ith those
e&ine #ith Ale,el *anF.
Rela #ith one coil and three contacts
ConnectorB Some Connection Pins can e 3mitted
A *C= !onne!tor is to /e esigne in #hi!h normally all the !onta!t areas are
present. In some !ases it may /e esira/le &or some o& the !onta!t areas to /e
omitte.
255
$e&ine a *a!8age #ith 10 SM$s as !onta!t areas: gi,ing the SM$s the names
1 to 10.
Pac(age of a circ!it board connector
"o# e&ine a sym/ol representing one !onta!t area. Set ,isi/le to 7ad: so that
the names 1 to 10: e&ine in the *a!8age: appear in the s!hemati!.
Connector s"bol for the )che"atic
(hen &et!h the Sym/ol ten times into a ne#ly !reate $e,i!e: setting the
Ale,el in ea!h !ase to Always: an use the C)""EC( !omman to !reate
the !onne!tions /et#een the SM$s an the pins. When you no# &et!h this
$e,i!e into a s!hemati!: all the !onne!tions appear as soon as it is pla!e.
Ini,iual !onne!tions !an /e remo,e #ith $ELE(E.
After ADD, all the connections are $isible in the sche"atic
Connector with #i7in, Hole and 5estricted &rea
A !onne!tor is to /e e&ine ha,ing &i2ing holes. )n the soler sie E/ottomF:
the Autorouter must a,oi /ringing tra!8s !loser to the holes than a !ertain
istan!e.
256
8$8 +ore a&out the 3""le6el Parameter
(he rill holes are pla!e: #ith the esire iameter: on the *a!8age using
the >)LE !omman. (he rilling iameter !an /e retrospe!ti,ely !hange
#ith C>A"GE $-ILL.
(he &or/ien area &or the Autorouter?%ollo#9me router is e&ine in layer
02: bRestrict: using the CI-CLE !omman. %or reasons o& representational
!larity the !ir!le is sho#n here #ith a non9Iero #ith. Cir!les #hose #ith is
0 are &ille. In this !ase it has no e&&e!t on the Autorouter: sin!e it may not
route #ithin the !ir!le in either !ase. (hese &or/ien areas are also ta8en
into a!!ount /y a polygon in layer 13: Eottom.
C.9 2efinin, Components with Contact
Cross;5eferences
I& you ha,e to esign a !omponent that !onsists o& a !oil gate an se,eral
!onta!t gates &or an Ele!tri!al S!hemati!: &or e2ample an ele!tro9me!hani!al
relay: you !an e&ine the !onta!t sym/ols #ith a pla!eholer te2t that #ill
generate !ross9re&eren!es &or !omponents. (he !onta!t o,er,ie# in the
S!hemati! #ill sho# the !ross9re&eren!es then.
%or a proper isplay o& the !onta!t !ross9re&eren!es in the S!hemati!: please
sti!8 to the &ollo#ing rules &or Sym/ol: $e,i!e: an *a!8age e&inition.
2efine S0mol
%or e&ining an ele!tro9me!hani!al relay you ha,e to use one Sym/ol &or the
!oil an one or more Sym/ols &or the !onta!ts.
*lease note the &ollo#ing rules &or the contact s/';olsC
(he !enter o& the !onta!t sym/ol shoul /e lo!ate at position E0 0F
257
7i%ing holes #ith restricted areas
Arrange the pins in ,erti!al ire!tion: i.e. they are pointing up or
o#n
In orer to get automati!ally generate !ross9re&eren!es: use the (E4(
!omman to e&ine the pla!eholer te2t SHRE3 an pla!e it. (he te2t
shoul /e #ritten in layer 91: #ames, li8e S#AME an SVA21E.
(here are no spe!ial rules &or the coil s/';ol. (he pla!eholer te2t SHRE3 is
not neee here.
2efine 2evice
)ur ele!tro9me!hani!al relay !onsists o& multiple GatesC one Gate &or the !oil
an se,eral Gates &or the !onta!ts. (he pla!ement o& the Gates in the $e,i!e
Eitor has to &ollo# some rules. )ther#ise the presentation o& the !ross9
re&eren!es in the S!hemati! #oul not /e optimal.
(he origin o& the &irst !onta!t gate shoul /e lo!ate at the
29!oorinate 0. (he lo#er pin o& the Gate shoul /e lo!ate
!ompletely in the positi,e !oorinates range. (he y9!oorinate is
typi!ally 0.1 in!h.
Ea!h &urther !onta!t gate is pla!e to the right o& the &irst one at the
same y9!oorinate Ethe same heightF.
(he istan!e /et#een the !onta!t gates in the $e,i!e Eitor &inally
etermines the istan!e o& the !onta!ts in the graphi!al representation
o& the !onta!t !ross9re&eren!es in the S!hemati!. (he !onta!t gates #ill
/e rotate /y 90V an aligne ,erti!ally one /y one there.
(he !oil gate may /e pla!e any#here in the $e,i!e ra#ing. (he
Ale,el &or this Gate must /e Must.
(he representation o& the !onta!t !ross9re&eren!es sho#s all Gates that !ome
#ith the SHRE3 te2t. (he !ross9re&eren!es !onsisting o& sheet num/ers an
!olumn?ro# !oorinates #ill /e sho#n on the right o& the Gates: i& you
pla!e a ra#ing &rame e&ine #ith the %-AME !omman on the
S!hemati!Hs sheets.
All other te2ts e&ine in the Sym/ol are not ,isi/le in the !ross9re&eren!e
representation.
2efine Pac!a,e
$ue to EAGLEHs li/rary stru!ture an in orer to a,oi error messages you
ha,e to e&ine a *a!8age: as #ell. (his !an /e a simple ummy *a!8age that
simply has the same num/er o& *as as num/er o& *ins in the $e,i!e.
Sele!t the *a!8age #ith the #ew /utton in the $e,i!e Eitor an assign *ins
#ith *as #ith the C)""EC( !omman.
%urther in&ormation a/out the su/<e!t Electrical "chematics !an /e &oun on
CaSo&tHs #e/ site.
258
8$10 ?ra(in0 Frames
C.10 2rawin, #rames
It may /e true that ra#ing &rames are not !omponents: /ut they !an /e
e&ine &or s!hemati!s as $e,i!es #ith neither *a!8ages nor pins. Su!h
$e,i!es in EAGLEHs frames li/rary !ontain a Sym/ol !onsisting merely o& a
&rame o& the appropriate siIe: an a o!umentation &iel: #hi!h is also
e&ine as a Sym/ol.
A ra#ing &rame is e&ine #ith the %-AME !omman. (his !omman !an /e
&oun in the Draw/3rame menu.
(he parameter tool/ar o&&ers settings &or the num/er o& !olumns an ro#s
#here you !an e&ine ho# your ra#ing shoul /e &iele. A positi,e ,alue
&or !olumns la/els the &rame &rom the le&t to the right: /eginning #ith 4: &or
ro#s &rom top to /ottom: /eginning #ith A. "egati,e ,alues in,erse the
ire!tion o& the la/elling. (he &ollo#ing &our i!ons etermine on #hi!h
position the la/elling o& the &rame shall /e ,isi/le.
(he position o& the ra#ing &rame is &i2e /y t#o mouse !li!8s or /y typing
the !oorinates o& its !orners in the !omman line.
Columns an -o#s !an /e use to etermine a $e,i!eHs or a netHs position: &or
e2ample #ith the help o& an 'L*: or to ha,e !ross9re&eren!es !al!ulate
automati!ally Esee LA=EL !ommanF.
Is the &rame alreay e&ine /ut you #ant to !hange its properties?
(hen use the C>A"GE !omman #ith its options Eorder: Rows an *olumns
to etermine the &rameHs position o& the la/elling an its num/er o& ro#s or
!olumns.
Due to the special nature of the frame obFect, it doesn6t have a rotation of
its own)
!he 3RAME command is also available in "chematic or Eoard$ Eut it is
common practice to define a drawing frame in the 2ibrary$
(he li/rary frames$lbr also !ontains o!umentation &iels you !an use
together #ith a &rame. )& !ourse you are allo#e to ra# your o#n.
(he te2t ,aria/les SDRA/:#%D#AME: S2A"!DDA!ED!:ME an S"BEE! are
!ontaine: as #ell as some &i2e te2t. (he ra#ingHs &ile name: ate an time
o& the last !hange appear at these points together #ith the sheet num/er in
the s!hemati! Ee.g.: 2?. O sheet 2 o& .F.
259
Para"eter toolbar of the 7RA/E co""and
In aition: the &ollo#ing ,aria/les are a,aila/leC
S72;!DDA!ED!:ME !ontains the ate an time o& the last printout:
S"BEE!" sho#s the total num/er o& sheets in the s!hemati!:
S"BEE!#R sho#s the !urrent sheet num/er.
All o& these te2t ,aria/les !an /e pla!e on the s!hemati!: an E#ith the
e2!eption o& S"BEE!/"/#RF on the /oar.
(he &rame is e&ine in the $e,i!e #ith Ale,el #e.t: an the
o!umentation &iel #ith Ale,el Must. (his means that the o!umentation
&iel !annot /e elete as long as the &rame is present.
(here are &rames e&ine as *a!8ages a,aila/le &or the Layout Eitor #hi!h
!an /e pla!e e,en i& there is a !onsistent s!hemati!?layout pair. (hese
&rames onHt ha,e any ele!tri!al signi&i!an!e /e!ause they are e&ine #ithout
pas or SM$s.
(he ,aria/le S*;#!A*!DHRE3 has a spe!ial meaning &or Ele!tri!al
S!hemati!s. (he position o& this te2t: #hi!h is not isplaye in the S!hemati!:
etermines the reser,e area &or the representation o& the !onta!t !ross9
re&eren!es. More etails a/out this !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion in the
se!tion *ontact cross&references.
C.11 Components on the Solder Side
SM$ !omponents Ean leae ones tooF !an /e pla!e on the top or /ottom
layers o& a /oar. %or this reason EAGLE ma8es a set o& pree&ine layers
a,aila/le #hi!h are relate to the top sie E!op: t7lace: t;rigins: t#ames:
tValues et!.F an another set o& layers relate to the /ottom sie EEottom:
b7lace et!.F.
SM$ !omponents are al#ays e&ine in the layers asso!iate #ith the top.
In the /oar: a !omponent o& this sort is mo,e to the opposite sie #ith the
MI--)- !omman . (here&ore !li!8 onto the !omponent #ith the mouse
or enter the !omponentHs name in the !omman line. (his !auses o/<e!ts in
the !op layer to /e re&le!te into the Eottom layer: #hile all the o/<e!ts in the
t$$ layers are re&le!te into the !orresponing b$$ layers.
260
Te%t $ariables in the doc!"entation field
8$11 1omponents on the .ol"er .i"e
I& one o& the !ommans A$$: C)*+: M)6E: or *AS(E is a!ti,e the
!omponent !an /e mirrore /y !li!8ing the mile mouse /utton.
C.12 Components with 3lon, Holes
I& the /oar manu&a!turer has to mill o/long holes: you ha,e to ra# the
milling !ontour o& o/long holes in a separate layer. 'sually this is layer 03:
Milling$
(he milling !ontour &or !omponents that nee o/long holes !an /e ra#n
#ith WI-E Ean possi/ly A-CF #ith a ,ery &ine #ire #ith near or e,en 0 in
the *a!8age Eitor. (a8e a pa that has a rill iameter #hi!h lies insie the
milling !ontour: or SM$s: &or e2ample in (op an =ottom layer: as /asis &or
the o/long hole.
In !ase o& a multilayer /oar you shoul ra# a WI-E in the use inner
layers at the position o& the o/long holes so that it !o,ers the milling !ontour
an lea,es a 8in o& restring aroun the opening.
*lease in&orm your /oar manu&a!turer that they ha,e to ta8e !are on the
milling ata ra#n in this layer. Also tell them #hether they shoul /e
plate9through or not.
Any other cut&outs in the board are drawn in the same way:
1se a separate layer, typically layer 5,, Milling, and draw the milling
contours$ !ell your board manufacturer that they have to tae care with
this information and mae special note$
C.1$ &ritrar0 Pad Shapes
I& you ha,e to e&ine a pa!8age #ith soler areas that !anHt /e a!hie,e #ith
the e&ault pa shapes: you ha,e to ra# an ar/itrary pa shape. (his !an /e
one #ith the help o& a polygon or #ith aitional #ires. As soon as the
!enter o& the pa or SM$ is insie the polygonHs area or a #ire /egins at the
!enter o& a pa: it is re!ogniIe as a part o& the *A$?SM$.
(he typi!al #ay to ra# an ar/itrary pas shape isC
*la!e a *A$ or SM$
'se *)L+G)" to ra# the &inal pa shape
9 %or a SM$ typi!ally in Layer (op
9 %or a *A$ you ha,e to ra# the &inal shape in all the layers you plan
to use E(op: =ottom: Inner layers...F
(he *A$?SM$s !enter must /e insie the polygonHs area. )ther#ise
that polygon is not re!ogniIe as a part to the pa. 'se a reasona/le
#ire #ith &or the polygon: #hi!h &ul&ils the $esign -ules.
261
(he alternati,e to *)L+G)" is WI-E
Start the #ire in the origin o& the *A$?SM$. +ou ha,e to ra# this
area in any signal layer you plan to use. *lease use a reasona/le #ire
#ith: #hi!h &its to the $esign -ules.
Che!8 the soler stop mas8
Mas8 ata #ill /e generate &or the *A$?SM$ area only. $isplay
layers 29: tStop an .0: /Stop. I& you #ant to ha,e the area not
!o,ere /y soler stop la!Kuer: ra# it manually in the appropriate
layerEsF.
Che!8 the !ream &rame Esoler paste mas8F
$isplay layers .1: tCream an .2: /Cream &or this. As #e agree upon
e&ining pa!8ages al#ays on the top sie o& a /oar: the layer #e ha,e
to !he!8 is .1: tCream. Mas8 ata #ill /e generate automati!ally &or
the SM$ area only. I& this is not #hat you #oul li8e to ha,e: simply
ra# the mas8 manually. @eep in min that it is possi/le to s#it!h o&&
automati! generation o& mas8 ata in the SM$ properties ECream
on?o&&F.
%urther !onitions &or ra#ing ar/itrary pa shapes !an /e &oun in the help
&un!tion a/out the *A$ or SM$ !omman.
:f a pad with arbitrary shape is not connected to a signal, the DR* will
report a *learance error, because the polygon or wires that define the
arbitrary shape can6t be recogni(ed as a part of a signal$
C.16 Creatin, 1ew Pac!a,e 9ariants
Most !omponents are manu&a!ture in ,arious *a!8age ,ariants. Suppose
you o not &in the appropriate *a!8age &or a !ertain $e,i!e in one o& the
li/raries: it is ,ery easy to e&ine a ne# *a!8age.
(o es!ri/e this pro!eure !learly #e #ant to !ome /a!8 again to our
e2ample $e,i!e ?54-A@A &rom paragraph 7.2.
!he third 7acage variant to be designed here only serves as an e.ample
for practice and does not meet the specifications of the manufacturer)
*lease noti&y the e2planations !on!erning this topi!: in parti!ular i& the
appropriate *a!8age alreay e2ists in the !urrent li/rary /eginning #ith page
201.
Pac!a,e from &nother /irar0
In the most &a,oura/le !ase you !an use an alreay e2isting *a!8age &rom
another li/rary. (he easiest #ay to e&ine the ne# *a!8age ,ariant is to use
the *AC@AGE !omman ire!tly in the $e,i!e Eitor.
262
8$14 1reatin0 9e( Pa!;a0e >ariants
A&ter sear!hing all li/raries: either in the 2ibraries /ran!h o& the tree ,ie# in
the Control *anel or #ith the help o& the sear!h &un!tion o& the A$$
!omman in the Layout Eitor Eonly there: not in the S!hemati!: one !an
sear!h &or *a!8agesF: it is possi/le to $ragD$rop the *a!8age &rom the
Control *anel ire!tly into the li/rary. As an alternati,e you !oul use the
*AC@AGE !omman.
)pen the li/rary EhereC myDlib$lbr &rom paragraph 7.2F that !ontains the
$e,i!e you #ant to e&ine the ne# *a!8age ,ariant &or. %or e2ample: /y the
menu 3ile/;pen/2ibrary o& the Control *anel.
Cli!8 the Edit&a&Device i!on an sele!t the $e,i!e ?5G4-A@A &rom the menu.
(he $e,i!e Eitor opens.
2efinin, the Pac!a,e 9ariant
(he ne# ,ariant shoul /e name !est. (he *a!8age must ha,e a minimum
o& 10 pas /e!ause /oth Gates together ha,e 10 pins. As an e2ample: #e ta8e
the ";45 *a!8age &rom the smd&ipc$lbr li/rary.
I& Control *anel an Li/rary Eitor #ino# are arrange sie /y sie: sele!t
the ";45 *a!8age an $ragD$rop it into the opene Li/rary Eitor #ino#.
A&ter releasing the mouse /utton you #ill /e as8e &or the ne# *a!8age
,ariant name. Enter it an !on&irm it /y !li!8ing ;'. (he ne# ,ariant is no#
sho#n in the *a!8age list.
It is also possi/le to e&ine the *a!8age ,ariant in the $e,i!e Eitor ire!tly
#ith the *AC@AGE !omman.
(ype in the !omman lineC
.*C4*+E S:1@<smd-ipc.l(r TEST
)r in!lue the path Ei& ne!essaryFC
.*C S:1@<d2&eagle&l(r&smd-ipc.l(r TEST
I& the path !ontains spa!es in!lue the path name in single Kuotes: &or
e2ampleC
.*C FS:1@<&"ith Spaces&smd-ipc.l(rF TEST
"o# on the lo#er right o& the $e,i!e Eitor #ino# a ne# entry &or the
*a!8age ";45 an the ,ariant name !E"! appears.
)n the le&t a /la!8 e2!lamation mar8 on yello# groun is sho#n #hi!h
ini!ates that there are no !onne!tions /et#een pins an pas e&ine yet.
263
De$ice Editor: List of Pac(age 4ariants
!he 7A*'A%E command copies the complete 7acage definition into the
current library and maes available the new variant with the given name
for the Device$
:f you decide to erase a newly defined variant, you can do this with the
1#D; function <as far as possible= or by using the conte.t menu of the
7acage entry <right mouse clic, Delete entry=$
Connect Command
Cli!8 the *onnect /utton no#. (he *onnect #ino# opens. Conne!t pins #ith
pas /y !li!8ing on the pin an pa entries /elonging together as es!ri/e in
paragraph 7.2.
It is also possi/le to aapt the pin?pa !onne!tions &rom an alreay e2isting
*a!8age ,ariant. In our e2ample the assignment oes not i&&er &rom the
$IL10 *a!8age. (here&ore sele!t the entry D:245 &rom the *opy from: !om/o
/o2.
A&ter !li!8ing ;' the C)""EC( !omman is &inishe.
2efinin, 'echnolo,ies
(he $e,i!e ?5G4-A@A is a,aila/le in t#o te!hnologies EALS an ASF. (hese
still ha,e to /e set up &or the ne# *a!8age ,ariant.
Sele!t the *a!8age ,ariant !est &rom the list on the lo#er right o& the $e,i!e
Eitor #ino#. A !li!8 onto !echnologies in the es!ription &iel opens a
#ino#. Cli!8 the #ew /utton an set up te!hnology ALS #ith a &ollo#ing
!li!8 onto ;': an AS again #ith a &ollo#ing !li!8 onto ;'. =oth entries are
264
8$14 1reatin0 9e( Pa!;a0e >ariants
sho#n #ith a tag no#. A &urther !li!8 onto the ;' /utton !loses the #ino#
again.
Save
(he e&inition o& the *a!8age ,ariant is &inishe. "o# it is time to sa,e the
li/rary.
%sin, a *odified Pac!a,e from &nother /irar0
I& there is no appropriate /ut a similar *a!8age a,aila/le in another li/rary
you shoul !opy the *a!8age in the !urrent li/rary &irst: then moi&y it: an
use it a&ter#ars as ne# ,ariant &or the $e,i!e.
Cop0in, the Pac!a,e
We #ant to use a *a!8age name ";745 &rom the smd&ipc$lbr li/rary here.
(his *a!8age shoul get a ne# name: MK";745: in the li/rary myDlib$lbr.
%sin, the C3P4 command
(ype in the !omman line o& the Li/rary Eitor #ino# Eit oes not matter
#hi!h eitor moe is a!ti,eF the &ollo#ingC
C:.5 S:.1@<smd-ipc.l(r M5S:.1@
)r #ith the #hole pathC
C:.5 S:.1@<d2&eagle&l(r&smd-ipc.l(r M5S:.1@
I& the path !ontains spa!es use single Kuotes &or it: &or e2ampleC
C:.5 FS:.1@<&. * T 3 &smd-ipc.l(rF M5S:.1@
(he *a!8age Eitor #ino# opens an the *a!8age !an /e moi&ie as
neee.
(n the Control Panel
%irst o& all open a Li/rary Eitor #ino# #ith the li/rary that shoul !ontain
the ne# *a!8age E3ile/;pen/2ibraryF. It is not ne!essary to
sele!t a !ertain eiting moe. "o# s#it!h to the Control *anel Ee. g. /indow
menuF an e2pan the 2ibraries /ran!h o& the tree ,ie#. Choose the li/rary
#hi!h !ontains the reKueste *a!8age an sele!t it. )n the right hal& o& the
Control *anel a pre,ie# o& the *a!8age is ,isi/le no#.
I& the Control *anel an the Li/rary Eitor #ino# are arrange in a #ay
that /oth #ino#s are ,isi/le you !an mo,e the *a!8age into the Li/rary
#ino# /y 8eeping the le&t mouse /utton presse. A&ter releasing the mouse
/utton E$ragD$ropF the Li/rary Eitor #ill /e in the *a!8age eiting moe.
(he *a!8age is sho#n there.
Alternati,ely you !oul use a right mouse !li!8 to open the !onte2t menu o&
the *a!8age entry in the tree ,ie#. Sele!t *opy to 2ibrary no#. (he Li/rary
Eitor nees not to /e ,isi/le.
"o# the *a!8age !an /e moi&ie. (he *a!8age name is aopte &rom the
sour!e li/rary. (o !hange the *a!8age name use the -E"AME !omman.
265
$onHt &orget to sa,e the li/rary.
2efinin, the 9ariant
We #ant to e&ine a &urther ,ariant &or our e2ample $e,i!e. S#it!h to the
$e,i!e eiting moe: &or e2ample: /y the menu 2ibraries/Device. (he Edit
#ino# opens. Sele!t the entry ?5G4-A@A. Cli!8 ;' to open the eitor
#ino#.
'se the #ew /utton to e&ine a ne# ,ariant. Sele!t the *a!8age MK";745 in
the sele!tion ialog an enter: &or e2ample: !E"!@ as variant name. A&ter
!li!8ing ;' a ne# entry is sho#n in the *a!8age list.
(o !omplete the e&inition e2e!ute the C)""EC( !omman an e&ine
(e!hnologies Eas es!ri/e in the pre,ious paragraphF no#.
C.1: 2efinin, Pac!a,es in &n0 5otation
Components !an /e e&ine in any rotation #ith a resolution o& 0.1 egrees
in the *a!8age Eitor. 'sually the *a!8age is e&ine in normal position &irst
an rotate a&ter#ars as a #hole. (he e&inition o& *a!8ages has /een
alreay e2plaine in this !hapter. >ere #e only #ant to ela/orate on the
rotation o& *a!8ages.
7acages can be defined in any rotation) "chematic "ymbols can be
rotated in M-&degrees steps only)
5otatin, a Pac!a,e as a )hole
(o !ome /a!8 to the e2ample o& this !hapter: please open the li/rary
myDlib$lbr an eit the *a!8age 2**&@-.
$isplay all layers #ith 9$S.,*5 *,, to ma8e sure you ha,e all o/<e!ts
rotate. "o# use +#:. *,, to sele!t e,erything.
'se the -)(A(E !omman to rotate the groupC
"o# !li!8 #ith the le&t mouse into the Angle /o2 o& the parameter tool/ar an
type in the reKueste angle. (hen use a right mouse !li!8 into the group to
e&ine the rotation point.
(he *a!8age is sho#n no# in the gi,en angle.
Alternati,ely you !an #or8 #ith the !omman lineC
#:T*TE #==.> BA 0 0D
rotates: &or e2ample: the pre,iously sele!te group 22.1V &urther aroun the
point E0 0F. (he U sign Eright angle /ra!8etF #ithin the parenthesis &or
!oorinates !auses the rotation o& the #hole group Eas a right mouse !li!8 at
the point E0 0F #oul oF.
266
8$15 ?e#inin0 Pa!;a0es in 3n/ Botation
Pac!a,es with 5adial Pad &rran,ement
It is possi/le to #or8 #ith polar !oorinates to pla!e pas or SM$s in a raial
arrangement. Set a suita/le re&eren!e point: &or e2ample: in the !enter o& the
*a!8age #ith the MA-@ !omman &irst. (he !omman line sho#s no#
aitional in&ormation a/out the !ursor position.
6alues mar8e #ith an # are relati,e ,alues re&erring to the pre,iously set
re&eren!e point. (he leaing . ini!ates polar ,alues re&erring to the
re&eren!e point.
E2ampleC
(hree pas are to /e pla!e on the !ir!um&eren!e o& a !ir!le #ith a raius o&
10 mm. (he !enter o& the part is at position E0 0F.
+#$9 MM%
M*#4 B0 0D%
.*9 F1F B. >0 0D%
.*9 F=F B. >0 1=0D%
.*9 F?F B. >0 =@0D%
$epening on the use pa shape it may /e use&ul to pla!e the pas rotate
E&or e2ample &or 2ong pas or SM$sF.
It is possi/le to enter the angle ire!tly in the parameter tool/ar or in the
!omman line #hile the *A$ or SM$ !omman is a!ti,e.
E2ampleC
+#$9 MM %
M*#4 B0 0D%
.*9 F=F ,:/+ #1=0 B. >0 1=0D %
C.16 /irar0 and Part *ana,ement
Cop0in, of /irar0 -lements
)ithin a /irar0
I& you #ant to use a (/';ol or a acka#e #hi!h alreay e2ists in a relate
manner &or a $e,i!e e&inition you !an !opy it #ithin the li/rary #ith the
!ommans G-)'*: C)*+: an *AS(E. A&ter#ars it !an /e moi&ie as
reKueste.
(he &ollo#ing se!tions e2plain e,ery single step #ith the help o& an e2ample
*a!8age ta8en &rom linear$lbr.
267
Pac(age Editor: Relati$e and Polar Coordinates Displa
3pen /irar0
'se the menu 3ile/;pen/2ibrary in the Control *anel to open the li/rary
linear$lbr or sele!t the entry ;pen &rom its !onte2t menu o& the tree ,ie#Hs
e2pane 2ibraries /ran!h.
-dit -7istin, -lement
)pen the Edit #ino# #ith 2ibrary/7acage an sele!t the *a!8age D:2-Y.
A&ter !li!8ing ;' it is sho#n in the *a!8age Eitor #ino#.
'se $IS*LA+ to sho# all layers.
$ra# a &rame aroun all o/<e!ts to /e !opie #ith G-)'* or type
+#:. *,, in the !omman line.
"o# !li!8 the C)*+ i!on. (he group #ill /e !opie into the !lip/oar.
2efine 1ew -lement
Cli!8 the Edit&a&pacage i!on in the a!tion tool/ar.
Enter the name D:2-Y&!E"! in the #ew &iel o& the Edit #ino# an !on&irm
#ith ;'.
Cli!8 the *AS(E i!on &ollo#e /y a !li!8 at the ra#ingHs re&eren!e point. (he
*a!8age #ill /e pla!e.
"o# it !an /e moi&ie as reKueste.
It is possi/le to C)*+ an *AS(E #ith !oorinates in orer to mo,e a group
/y a !ertain ,alue in the !oorinates system. (his may /e ,alua/le &or
elements that ha,e /een ra#n in the #rong gri. Synta2C
C:.5 B0 0D%
.*STE B10 0D%
(he group #ill /e mo,e /y a ,alue o& 10 Egri unitsF in 2 ire!tion.
!his procedure can be applied to "ymbols too)
Devices can6t be copied within a library)
#rom 3ne /irar0 into &nother
2evices
I& there is a proper $e,i!e or $e,i!e set that you #ant to use in your !urrent
li/rary you !an !opy it in t#o i&&erent #ays.
In the Control anel1
Mo,e E#ith $ragD$ropF the reKueste $e,i!e set &rom the Control *anelHs
tree ,ie# into the opene Li/rary Eitor #ino#. (he !omplete $e,i!e set
#ith Sym/olEsF an *a!8ageEsF #ill /e !opie an ne#ly e&ine.
As an alternati,e you !oul use the entry *opy to 2ibrary in the !onte2t menu
o& the $e,i!e entry.
"ith the C?G co''and1
(ype: &or e2ample:
268
8$16 5i&rar/ an" Part +ana0ement
C:.5 C>1?0<C>1)).l(r
or #ith the #hole path
C:.5 C>1?0<d2&eagle&l(r&C>1)).l(r
in the !omman line: the $e,i!e O?4A- &rom li/rary O?4..$lbr is !opie into
the !urrently opene li/rary.
I& the path !ontains spa!es use single Kuotes &or it: &or e2ampleC
C:.5 FC>1?0<d2&. * T 3&C>1)).l(rF
I& the $e,i!e shoul /e store in the !urrent li/rary uner a ne# name simply
enter it: li8e hereC
C:.5 C>1?0<C>1)).l(r C>1?0/E"
S0mols
As Sym/ols are not sho#n in the tree ,ie# o& the Control *anel it is not
possi/le to !opy them &rom there into the Li/rary Eitor.
Sym/ols are !opie &rom one li/rary into another the same #ay as one #oul
o it #ithin the same li/rary. (here&ore #e use the !ommans G-)'*:
C)*+: an *AS(E Esee pre,ious paragraphF.
(he only i&&eren!e to !opying a Sym/ol #ithin a li/rary is that you ha,e to
open the other li/rary E3ile/;penF a&ter C)*+. (hen you e&ine a ne#
Sym/ol that may ha,e the same or another name as /e&ore.
In shortC
)*E" the sour!e li/rary an E$I( the Sym/ol
$IS*LA+ all layers
Sele!t all o/<e!ts #ith G-)'* ALL
Cli!8 onto C)*+
)*E" your target li/rary #ith 3ile/;pen
E$I( a ne# Sym/ol
'se *AS(E to pla!e it
Sa,e li/rary
Pac!a,es
(he pro!eure to !opy *a!8ages is nearly the same as to !opy $e,i!es.
Either mo,e E#ith $ragD$ropF the reKueste *a!8age &rom the Control
*anelHs tree ,ie# into the opene Li/rary Eitor #ino#. (he !omplete
*a!8age #ill /e !opie an ne#ly e&ine in the !urrent li/rary. As an
alternati,e you !oul use the entry *opy to 2ibrary in the !onte2t menu o& the
*a!8age entry.
)r use the C)*+ !omman. (ype: &or e2ample:
C:.5 9$,16<C>1)).l(r
in the !omman line: the *a!8age $IL13 &rom li/rary O?4..$lbr is !opie into
the !urrently opene li/rary. I& the li/rary is not in the !urrent #or8ing
ire!tory you ha,e to enter the #hole path: as &or e2ample: inC
269
C:.5 9$,16<&eagle&myl(r&C>1)).l(r
I& the path !ontains spa!es use single Kuotes &or itC
C:.5 F9$,16<92&. * T 3 &myl(r&C>1)).l(rF
I& the *a!8age shoul /e store in the !urrent li/rary uner a ne# name
simply enter it ire!tly in the !omman lineC
C:.5 9$,16<&eagle&myl(r&C>1)).l(r 9$,16/E"
(he *a!8age is store #ith the ne# name $IL13"EW no#.
I& you #ant to !opy a *a!8age that alreay e2ists #ith the same name in the
target li/rary the *a!8age #ill /e simply repla!e.
I& the *a!8age is alreay use in a $e,i!e an the position or the name o& one
or more pas?SM$s !hanges: EAGLE prompts a message in #hi!h moe the
pas?SM$s are to /e repla!e. (his pro!eure !an also /e !an!elle. (he
*a!8age remains un!hange then.
I& the enumeration an position o& the pas are un!hange /ut the orer is:
EAGLE #ill as8 you &or the appropriate upate moe. $epening on your
sele!tion the pin?pa !onne!tions o& the $e,i!e may !hange Esee C)""EC(
!ommanF.
Re?!esting the Update /ode
Composition of 4our own /iraries
(he pre,iously mentione methos to !opy li/rary elements ma8e it ,ery easy
to !ompose your o#n li/raries #ith sele!te !ontents.
*ro,ie the Control *anel an the Li/rary Eitor #ino# are arrange in a
manner that /oth are ,isi/le on the s!reen at the same time: it is ,ery easy to
ma8e user9e&ine li/raries #hile /ro#sing through the li/rary !ontents in
the Control *anel. Simply use $ragD$rop or the !onte2t menu *opy to
2ibrary o& the !urrent $e,i!e or *a!8age.
5emovin, and 5enamin, /irar0 -lements
$e,i!es: Sym/ols: an *a!8ages !an /e remo,e &rom a li/rary #ith the
-EM)6E !omman. $e&ining a ne# li/rary element !anHt /e !an!elle /y
'"$).
270
8$16 5i&rar/ an" Part +ana0ement
E2ampleC
+ou #oul li8e to remo,e the *a!8age name $IL13.
)pen the menu 2ibrary/Remove$$$. A ialog #ino# opens #here you !an
enter the name o& the element to /e elete.
(his !an /e one also at the !omman lineC
#EM:7E 9$,16%
*a!8ages an Sym/ols !an /e remo,e only i& they are not use in one o& the
li/raryHs $e,i!es. In this !ase the message 7acage is in use) or "ymbol is in
use) appears. -emo,e the !orresponing $e,i!e &irst or elete the parti!ular
*a!8age or Sym/ol in the $e,i!e EsetF.
Woul you li8e to !hange the name o& an element in your li/rary? (hen use
the -E"AME !omman.
S#it!h to the *a!8age eiting moe so that the element that shoul /e
rename is sho#n &irst an open the menu 2ibrary/Rename. A ialog #ino#
opens #here you !an enter the ne# name o& the element.
(his !an also /e one at the !omman lineC
#E/*ME 9$,16 9$,-16%
(he *a!8age $IL13 gets the ne# name $IL913.
(he $e,i!e: Sym/ol: or *a!8age name may also /e gi,en #ith its e2tension
E$dev: $sym: $pacF: &or e2ampleC
#EM:7E 9$,16..*C
In this !ase it is not ne!essary to s#it!h to the relate eiting moe /e&ore.
%pdate Pac!a,es in /iraries
As alreay mentione in the se!tion *opying of 2ibrary Elements it is possi/le
to !opy *a!8ages &rom one li/rary into another one. An alreay e2isting
*a!8age is repla!e in that !ase.
Ea!h li/rary !ontains *a!8ages #hi!h are neee &or $e,i!e e&initions. In
many li/raries ienti!al types o& *a!8ages !an /e &oun. (o 8eep them
uni&orm o,er all li/raries it is possi/le to repla!e all *a!8ages o& a li/rary #ith
those o& another li/rary #ith the help o& the '*$A(E !omman. An e2isting
*a!8age #ith the proper name #ill /e repla!e /y the !urrent e&inition.
I& you ha,e: &or e2ample: spe!ial reKuirements &or *a!8ages you !oul e&ine
them in a !ustom9/uilt *a!8age or SM$ li/rary. (he '*$A(E !omman !oul
trans&er them to other li/raries.
(here&ore open the li/rary to /e upate an sele!t 2ibrary/1pdate$$$. "o#
sele!t the li/rary #hi!h you #ant to ta8e the *a!8ages &rom.
>a,ing &inishe the upate EAGLE reports in the status /arC
1pdate: finished & library modified)
I& there #as nothing to repla!eC 1pdate: finished & nothing to do$
271
It is also possi/le to use the !omman line &or this pro!eure.
I& you #ant to upate your li/rary #ith *a!8ages &rom: &or e2ample:
ref&pacages$lbr: typeC
.9*TE ref-pacJages.l(r
(o trans&er *a!8ages &rom i&&erent li/raries: type in one a&ter anotherC
.9*TE ref-pacJages.l(r rcl.l(r smd-special.l(r
(o upate a single *a!8age: type in the *a!8age nameC
.9*TE S:1@<ref-pacJages
(he e2tension $lbr is not ne!essary. +ou may also use the #hole li/rary path.
See page 239 &or &urther in&ormation.
272
Chapter 9
Preparin, *anufacturin, 2ata
$ata output &or /oar manu&a!turing is mae #ith the help o& the CAM
*ro!essor. *C= manu&a!turer usually #or8 #ith rill ata in E.cellon &ormat
an plot ata in %erber &ormat. >o# to generate su!h ata an #hi!h ata
you ha,e to pass on to your *C= manu&a!turer #ill /e e2plaine in this
!hapter.
A lot o& *C= manu&a!turers generate these ata #ith EAGLE /y themsel,es.
In su!h a !ase you ha,e to pass on the /oar &ile only an you nee not !are
a/out ata generation. +ou #ill &in lin8s to su!h &irms on our Internet pages.
With the help o& pcb&service$ulp you #ill /e ire!te to element45$com an
may ha,e an o&&er o& partners &rom %arnell?"e#ar8 &or manu&a!turing your
printe !ir!uit /oar. =ase on your layout an the $esign -ules: 8ey
parameters &or manu&a!turing: li8e /oar siIe: minimum rill siIe: an so on
are etermine.
+our esign shoul /e !omplete an ha,e passe a $-C su!!ess&ully. =y
!li!8ing onto the lin8 in the 'L* ialog #ino# you #ill /e ire!te to the
Kuote site o& element45: #here these parameters #ill /e trans&erre: as #ell
Elogin ne!essaryF. With a &e# steps you get a Kuote &or manu&a!turing your
/oar.
I&: ho#e,er: your /oar ma8er is not set up to pro!ess EAGLE /oar &iles
ire!tly: you #ill ha,e to supply them #ith a set o& &iles. What #ill /e
reKuire #ill /e is!usse in the &ollo#ing se!tions.
Aitional use&ul 'ser Language *rograms E'L*sF are a,aila/le on CaSo&tHs
Internet pages. (hey !an /e use: &or e2ample: &or the generation o& glue
mas8 ata: &or the !al!ulation o& milling !ontours: or &or ata regaring
automati! mounting an testing eKuipment.
9.1 )hich 2ata do we 1eed for Board
*anufacture+
(he *C= manu&a!turer reKuires spe!i&i! in&ormation pertaining to ea!h step
in the manu&a!turing pro!ess o& your /oar. (his spe!ial in&ormation is
es!ri/e in a &ile !ontaining plot an ? or rilling in&ormation.
%or e2ample: one &ile &or ea!h signal layer: &or the sil8s!reen: &or the soler
273
9 Preparin0 +anu#a!turin0 ?ata
stop mas8: the !ream &rame: &or a gol appli!ation: &or a glue mas8 E&or SM(
e,i!esF: or &or milling ata regaring !ut9outs in the /oar.
$ou/le9sie /oars #ith parts on top an /ottom sie reKuire a sil8s!reen
on /oth sies: or in !ase o& SM( e,i!es: a !ream &rame or a glue mas8 &or
ea!h sie.
Aitionally the /oar manu&a!turer nees rilling ata in a separate &ile.
I& you #ant a mille prototype /oar: milling !ontours ha,e to /e !al!ulate
&irst: an generate in a spe!i&i! ata &ormat &or &a/ri!ation milling ma!hines.
I& you #ant to ha,e the parts automati!ally mounte: you nee aitional
&iles in appropriate ata &ormat that epi!t !entroi an rotational angular
in&ormation.
A /ill o& materials or a legen &or the rill sym/ols !an /e help&ul: too.
.erer Plot 2ata
All *C= manu&a!turers use Ger/er &ormat. (here are t#o options o& Ger/er
&ormat a,aila/le: E.tended %erber &ormat: also 8no#n as %erber R"&@O5H Ein
short R"&@O5HF: #hi!h is the most !ommonly use toay in inustry.
(he CAM *ro!essor o&&ers this e,i!e option as %EREERDR"@O5H.
It may /e the !ase that the *C= manu&a!turer #or8s #ith the se!on option
R"&@O5D. (his #ill reKuire the generation o& ata #ith the e,i!es
%EREERA1!; an %EREER o& the CAM *ro!essor.
Ger/er ata E-S9250$F /asi!ally !onsist o& t#o partsC
(he so9!alle Aperture file or /heel file: a spe!ial tool ta/le: an the plot ata
that !ontain !oorinates an plotting in&ormation &or the Ger/er plotter.
(he Ger/er e,i!es o& the CAM *ro!essor E-S92504 an -S9250$F ha,e a
resolution o& 1?10:000 o& an In!h Eata &ormatC 2.0: in!hesF.
E2!eptions are the e,i!es %EREERA1!;D@A an %EREERD@A. (hey ha,e a
lo#er resolution o& 1?1:000 o& an In!h Eata &ormat 2..: in!hesF.
%EREERDR"@O5HD@? o&&ers a higher resolution o& 1?100:000 o& an In!h Eata
&ormatC 2.1: in!hesF
7lease inZuire which format your 7*E manufacturer prefers$ !he more
convenient to use is E.tended %erber, R"&@O5H$
.-5B-5L5S2768
(his e,i!e generates &iles in E2tene Ger/er &ormat E-S92504F #here the
aperture ta/le is integrate in the output &ile. Simply generate Ger/er &iles
#ith the GE-=E-L-S2504 e,i!e an pass them on to your /oar
manu&a!turer. (his is the most e&&i!ient an easiest #ay to generate Ger/er
ata.
274
9$1 %hi!h ?ata "o (e 9ee" #or Doar" +anu#a!tureG
.-5B-5&%'3 and .-5B-5
(he prior -S9250$ &ormat #or8s #ith a separate aperture &ile #hi!h is
ne!essary to generate all Ger/er &iles you #ill nee &or /oar manu&a!turing.
%irst you ha,e to generate the aperture ta/le E#heel &ileF #ith %EREERA1!;.
(his &ile is a tool ta/le #hi!h e&ines the shape an the siIe o& the Ger/er
plotterHs apertures EtoolsF. (his ta/le must !ontain the #hole aperture
e&inition #e nee &or generating all Ger/er &iles that es!ri/e the /oar.
%or generating the Ger/er &iles #ith the %EREER e,i!e: #e re&er to the
pre,iously generate aperture &ile: mae #ith %EREERA1!;.
2rill 2ata
(he generation o& rill ata is ,ery similar to the generation o& plot ata.
(ypi!al &ormats use in inustry are E.cellon or "iebTMeyer 4--- or A---$
(hey are supporte /y the CAM *ro!essor. (he most !ommon one is E.cellon.
(he simplest !ase is to generate one !ommon rill ata &ile &or all rill holes.
I& you ha,e to istinguish plate &rom non9plate rill holes: t#o rill ata
&iles must /e generate. EAGLE i&&erentiates /et#een plate rills o& *as
an 6ias in layer 00: Drills: an non9plate holes in layer 01: Boles: #hi!h are
pla!e /y the >)LE !omman.
I& you ha,e to generate rill ata &or a multilayer /oar that uses =lin an
=urie ,ias #ith i&&erent ,ia lengths that result in i&&erent rilling epths:
the CAM *ro!essor ta8es !are on this automati!ally. %or ea!h ,ia length it
generates a separate rill ata &ile.
%urther in&ormation a/out this !an /e &oun in !hapter 9.1 &rom page 279 on.
-8C-//31
'sing this e,i!e the CAM *ro!essor generates a rill &ile that !ontains the
rill ta/le an the rill !oorinates. (his &ile &ormat is the most !ommon in
the inustry an #ill /e re!ogniIe /y most /oar manu&a!turers.
(he e&ault resolution o& the E4CELL)" e,i!e is 1?10:000 in!hes: no
leaing Ieros Eata &ormatC 2.0: In!hF.
-8C-//31L5&C?
(his e,i!e !an /e use: i& your /oar manu&a!turer insists on t#o separate
&iles. A rill ta/le Era!8 &ileF an the rill ata &ile. (his #as e&ault in prior
EAGLE ,ersions.
In the &irst step one has to generate the rill ta/le in the Layout Eitor #ith
the help o& the 'ser Language program drillcfg$ulp: an re&ers to this rill
ta/le #hen generating rill ata #ith the CAM *ro!essor. (he /oar
manu&a!turer gets t#o &iles then: rill ata an rill ta/le.
I& you ha,e to istinguish /et#een plate an non9plate rillings you ha,e
to supply one rill ta/le an t#o rill ata &iles Eone &or layer Drills: one &or
layer BolesF.
275
S*1000 and S*$000
(hese e,i!es generate rill ata in Sie/DMeyer 1000 or in Sie/DMeyer .000
&ormat. "M4--- has a resolution o& 1?100 mm: "MA--- 1?1000 mm.
$ata output is e2a!tly the same as it is #ith EH*E22;#DRA*'. %irst you ha,e
to generate the rill ta/le #ith drillcfg$ulp: then use the CAM *ro!essor to
generate rill ata.
#urther 2rill 2ata 2evices
(he CAM *ro!essor supports t#o &urther e,i!es &or rill ata generation.
%EREDR2 generates Ger/er rill !oe. >ere #e nee a separate rill ta/le
E-'" rill!&g.ulpF: as it is #ith EH*E22;#DRA*'.
SMS37 is a &urther rill ata e,i!e that generates a >*GL !oe.
Protot0pe *anufacture )ith a *illin, *achine
With the help o& ,arious 'ser Language programs you !an generate outline
ata &or milling a prototype /oar.
outlines.ulp
A simple e2ample &or !ontour ata !al!ulation is outlines$ulp. Start it #ith the
-'" !omman. Sele!t the layer &or #hi!h outline ata shall /e generate:
e&ine the iameter o& the milling tool E/idthF: an sele!t the output &ile
&ormat E"cript or B7%2F in the 'L*Hs ialog #ino#.
(he "cript &ile !ontaining the outline ata !an /e importe into EAGLE #ith
the SC-I*( !omman. (hus itHs possi/le to ,isualiIe the !al!ulate !ontours
in the Layout Eitor. +ou !an e,en moi&y them: i& ne!essary.
%inally: the milling ata output is mae #ith the CAM *ro!essor. Sele!t the
layer #here the !ontours are to /e ra#n in an use: &or e2ample: the B7%2:
the 7" E*osts!riptF or one o& the Ger/er e,i!es &or the output.
%urther in&ormation !an /e &oun in the help &un!tion: ;utline data.
mill;outlines.ulp
Another 'ser Language program that !al!ulates outline an rill ata is mill&
outlines$ulp. It o&&ers ,arious !on&iguration parameters. Simply start it #ith
the -'" !omman in the Layout Eitor. Consult the 'L*s integrate help
&un!tion &or etails.
(his 'L* e2ports >*GL &ormatte ata E&urther &ormats are planneF or
generates a S!ript &ile #hi!h !an /e importe into the layout again. (he
milling !ontours !an /e ,ie#e: or e,en moi&ie: i& reKuire. Generate the
milling ata #ith the CAM *ro!essor an one o& its e,i!es: li8e Ger/er:
>*GL or *S then.
#ilm .eneration %sin, PostScript #iles
A high9Kuality alternati,e to Ger/er is the ata generation &or *ostS!ript
raster image re!orers. (he e2pose &ilm ser,es as master &or /oar
manu&a!turing.
276
With the 7" ri,er: the CAM *ro!essor generates &iles in *ostS!ript &ormat.
(hese &iles !an /e pro!esse ire!tly /y appropriate ser,i!e !ompanies Emost
o& #hi!h operate in the print inustryF.
%or *ostS!ript re!orers the /idth an Beight parameters shoul /e set to
,ery high ,alues Ee.g. 100 2 100 in!hesF: so that the ra#ing is not sprea
o,er se,eral pages.
%or generating *osts!ript &iles you ha,e to sele!t the proper layers: the same
#ay it is per&orme &or Ger/er ata generation. 'se these &iles &or the
generation o& your art#or8 at your parti!ular *C= su/!ontra!tor.
%ilms that relate to the /ottom sie are usually output in mirrore &orm
EMirror option in the CAM *ro!essorF. In oing so the !oating o& the &oil rests
ire!tly on the !opper layer o& the /oar #hi!h is to /e e2pose.
(he E7" ri,er generates En!apsulate *ostS!ript &iles. (hey !an /e
pro!esse #ith $es8top *u/lishing programs.
Printin, on a #ilm
%or /oars o& limite !omple2ity: one !an use a laser or in8 <et printer an
print on a transparent &oil #ith the *-I"( !omman. (his metho is use: &or
e2ample: /y ho//yists an results in a shorter &a/ri!ation time an a less
e2pensi,e /oar &a/ri!ation pro!ess.
(he layers that are isplaye in the Layout Eitor #hile printing #ill appear
on the &ilm. Che!8 the options Elac an "olid in the print ialog.
(he rills o& pas an ,ias are ,isi/le on the printout. (his #ill allo# an easy
,isual ini!ation o& #here you ha,e to rill manually on the /oar.
E2perien!e sho#s that the opening o& a pa or a ,ia shoul not /e too /ig to
allo# &or a goo !entering o& the rill /it. (his issue !an /e sol,e #ith the
help o& an 'ser Language program: name drill&aid$ulp. Start it /e&ore
printing: an let it ra# a ring insie ea!h pa an ,ia in a separate layer.
(he inner iameter o& this ring !an /e e&ine an is usually set to 0..mm. )&
!ourse: you ha,e to isplay this aitional layer &or printing on the &ilm.
2ata for Pic!;and;place *achines and (n;circuit
'esters
EAGLE in!lues some 'L*s #hi!h !reate ata &or ,arious automati!
pla!ement ma!hines an in9!ir!uit testers that are typi!ally use /y *C=
manu&a!turers.
(he es!ription o& an 'L* !an /e ,ie#e in the 1ser 2anguage 7rograms
/ran!h o& the tree ,ie# o& the Control *anel /y sele!ting one o& the 'L*
entries #ith the mouse. (he es!ri/ing te2t appears on the right sie o& the
Control *anel #ino#. ItHs also possi/le to eit the 'L* &ile #ith a te2t eitor.
(he es!ription usually is #ritten in the &ile heaer.
'L*s &or pi!89an9pla!e ata Esele!tionFC
mount$ulp Generates one &ile #ith !oorinates o&
the !entere part origins
277
mountsmd$ulp Centere origins &or SM( e,i!esR one &ile &or
top an one &ile &or /ottom sie
'L*s &or !ir!uit tester Esele!tionFC
dif5-$ulp $I%90.0 &ormat &rom $igitaltest
fabmaster$ulp %a/master &ormat %A(% -E6 11.1
gencad$ulp GenCA$ &ormat &or (erayne?Gen-a
in !ir!uit tester
unidat$ulp '"I$A( &ormat
E2e!ute the -'" !omman in the Layout Eitor #ino# to start the
parti!ular 'L*.
"ote also the #ie range o& programs that are mae a,aila/le on the CaSo&t
#e/ ser,er httpC??###.!aso&tusa.!om?o#nloa.htm: 'L* ire!tory.
2ocumentation
Many o!umentation items !an /e generate #ith the ai o& 'ser Language
programs. "ote also the #ie range o& programs that are mae a,aila/le on
our #e/ ser,er. (he /om.ulp: the program &or generating a /ill o& materials:
has /een use as a /asis &or lots o& user9!ontri/ute 'L*s.
Parts /ist
(he parts list !an /e !reate /y bom$ulp. Start it &rom the S!hemati! Eitor:
using the -'" !omman. (he Eill ;f Material #ino# #ith the parts
summary opens &irst.
278
bo".!lp: Dialog #indo#
It is possi/le to import aitional in&ormation &rom a ata/ase &ile into the
parts list E2oadF: or to !reate a ne# ata/ase #ith its o#n properties su!h as
manu&a!turer: stores num/er: material num/er or pri!e E#ewF.
+ou !an o/tain &urther etails a/out the !urrent ,ersion o& the 'L* /y
!li!8ing the help /utton.
A simple parts list can also be created from a board or schematic by
means of the EH7;R! command <7artlist option=$
2rill Plan
*rinting a rill plan ena/les you to !he!8 the rill holes an their iameters.
It sho#s an ini,iual sym/ol &or ea!h iameter o& hole: ,ia: an pa use in
your esign. EAGLE uses 19 i&&erent sym/olsC 17 o& them are assigne to a
!ertain iameterR one EF appears: i& no sym/ol has /een e&ine &or the
iameter o& this hole. (he sym/ols appear in layer 00: Drills: at the positions
#here pas or ,ias are pla!e: an in layer 01: Boles: at the positions #here
holes are pla!e.
(he relation /et#een iameters an sym/ols is e&ine through the Layout
EitorHs ;ptions/"et/Drill ialog.
(he /uttons #ew: *hange: Delete an Add !an /e use to !reate a ne# ta/le:
to moi&y !ertain entries: elete them or to a ne# ones.
(he "et /utton e2tra!ts all the hole iameters &rom the layout an
automati!ally assigns them to a rill sym/ol num/er. (he ,alues o& Diameter
279
an /idth etermine the iameter an line thi!8ness o& the rill sym/ol on
the s!reen an the printout.
(he image a/o,e sho#s that rill sym/ol 1 is assigne to a rill iameter o&
0.01 in!h. In the &ollo#ing image you !an see ho# the relate sym/ol ra#n
in layer 00: Drills: or 01: Boles: loo8s li8e. (he sym/ol num/er 1 loo8s li8e a
plus !hara!ter ESF.
(he ill sym/ol assignment is store in the user9spe!i&i! &ile eaglerc$usr
E$eaglerc &or Linu2 an Ma!F.
2rill /e,end
$o!umenting the rill sym/ol assignment is Kuite simple #ith the help o& a
hany 'ser Language program name drill&legend$ulp.
280
Config!ration of the drill s"bols
Assign"ent of the drill s"bols
In the &irst step #e let EAGLE generate the rill sym/ol assignment &or the
!urrent layout #ith the "et /utton in the ;ptions/"et/Drill "ymbols menu.
"o# #e start drill&legend$ulp. It ra#s a ta/le #ith the proper rill sym/ol
assignment an the rill sym/ols at their positions in the /oar in the ne#ly
generate layer 100. %or printing: it !an /e help&ul to isplay layer 20:
Dimensions: aitionally.
I& you #ant to elete this all: simply use G-)'* an $ELE(E in layer 100.
&sseml0 9ariants
(he CAM *ro!essor /asi!ally generates ata &or the e&ault assem/ly ,ariant:
only. $ata &or sil8 s!reen #ill /e &ully trans&erre &or all the !omponents to
the /oar.
I& you pre&er to generate ata &or a spe!ial ,ariant it is possi/le to start the
CAM *ro!essor E&rom a Comman *rompt #ino#: (erminal #ino#...F #ith
the !omman line option 9A. In&ormation a/out these options !an /e &oun in
the Appeni2 /eginning #ith page .01.
A /ill o& material !reate #ith the E4*)-( *A-(LIS( !omman or #ith the
help o& bom$ulp #ill !ontain in&ormation &or the !urrently sele!te assem/ly
,ariant.
9.2 5ules that Save 'ime and *one0
Ea!h layer shoul #ithout &ail /e uniKuely ienti&ie Ee.g. CS &or
Component Sie: =S &or =ottom SieF.
It may /e #ise to use &iu!ial or !rop mar8s #hi!h !an /e e&ine in
layer 09: Reference. (his #ill allo# easy alignment o& *C= generate
&ilms &or /oth inspe!tion an &a/ri!ation. When generating
manu&a!turing ata: this layer has to /e a!ti,e aitionally #ith all
signal layers. *lease !onta!t you /oar manu&a!turer !on!erning this
matter. %iu!ials !an /e &oun in mars$lbr. A minimum o& three
&iu!ials or !rop mar8s Ethree !ornersF is reKuire &or proper &ilm
alignment re&eren!e.
%or !ost reasons you shoul: i& at all possi/le: a,oi tra!8s that narro#
to /elo# 7 mil.
'sually the !ontour o& the /oar is ra#n in layer 20: Dimension. =ut
it is also possi/le to ra# angles at the !orners to elimit the /oar in
ea!h signal layer. *lease !onta!t your /oar manu&a!turer #hat they
pre&er.
I& your /oar has mille eges: please !onta!t your /oar
manu&a!turer to !lari&y in #hi!h layer these !ontours ha,e to /e
ra#n. See also page 277.
+ou shoul al#ays lea,e at least 2 mm Ea/out 70 milF aroun the
ege o& the /oar &ree o& !opper. (his is espe!ially important &or
multilayer /oars to a,oi internal shorts /et#een these layers.
281
In the !ase o& supply layers on multilayer /oars: #hi!h are plotte
in,erse: you o this /y ra#ing a #ire aroun the ege o& the /oar.
(his #ill a!t as a !opper 8eep9out in this area.
*lease ta8e !are o& the #ire #ith &or polygons. It shoul not /e set
too &ine or e,en 0. (hese reu!e #ire #iths result in huge &ile siIes
an !an lea to pro/lems &or /oar manu&a!turing: as #ell.
As alreay mentione in the se!tion o& the (E4( !omman: te2ts in
!opper layers ought to /e #ritten in ,e!tor &ont. So you !an really /e
sure that the te2t on your /oar loo8s the same as it oes in the
Layout Eitor #ino#.
(o play sa&e: you !oul a!ti,ate the options Always vector font an
7ersistent in this drawing in the ;ptions/1ser :nterface menu /e&ore
passing on your /oar &ile to the /oar manu&a!turer.
%or the sa8e o& !ompleteness #e #ant to point out here again that all
Kuestions !on!erning layer setup: layer thi!8ness: an rill iameter
&or multilayer /oars #ith =lin: =urie: or Mi!ro ,ias ha,e to /e pre9
e2amine.
Supply an in&ormational te2t &ile to your *C= manu&a!turer that
!ontains in&ormation a/out spe!i&i! &eatures in the /oar. %or
e2ample: in&ormation a/out use layers: milling !ontours: an so on.
(his sa,es time an a,ois trou/le.
9.$ @uic! .uide for 2ata 3utput
(he CAM *ro!essor pro,ies an automate <o/ me!hanism aiing in the
!reation o& the output ata &or a /oar. It is possi/le to generate all ata /y a
single mouse !li!8.
(he Control *anelHs tree ,ie# E*AM Qobs /ran!hF lists all <o/s an sho#s a
/rie& es!ription.
I& you are not yet &amiliar #ith the use o& the CAM *ro!essor: please s!roll
/a!8 to the !hapter a/out !he *AM 7rocessor on page 72. (here you #ill learn
a/out the /asi! operation o& the CAM *ro!essor.
!he pre&defined Fobs gerb@O5.$cam and gerber$cam are designed for a
two layer board which has components on the top side only$ !hey will
generate files for the signal layers, the sil screen for the component side,
and the solder stop mas for top and bottom$
<o ,er2767.cam
(his <o/ !an /e use to generate manu&a!turing ata in E.tended %erber
&ormat.
*ro!ee as &ollo#sC
282
9$3 Hui!; 4ui"e #or ?ata )utput
Start the CAM *ro!essor: &or e2ample: #ith the CAM *ro!essor i!on in
the Layout Eitor or #ith the 3ile/*AM 7rocessor menu.
Loa the /oar into the CAM *ro!essor E3ile/;pen/EoardF i& it #as not
loae automati!ally uring the start seKuen!e.
Loa the pre9e&ine <o/ gerb@O5.$cam #ith the 3ile/;pen/Qob menu.
"o# !li!8 7rocess Qob. EAGLE generates &i,e &iles: one /y one:
automati!ally #hi!h you ha,e to pass on to the /oar manu&a!turer.
Ea!h Ger/er &ile !ontains the aperture ta/le an the respe!ti,e plot
ata.
(he &ollo#ing &iles #ill /e generateC
=-.c"p Co"ponent side
=-.sol )older side
=-.plc )il( screen co"ponent side
=-.stc )older stop "as( co"ponent side
=-.sts )older stop "as( solder side
=-.gpi *nfo file, not needed here
U# is the placeholder for the board file name without its e.tension$
I& other layers are also to /e generate: e.g. sil8s!reen &or the /ottom sie: or
a soler !ream mas8: the Ger/er <o/ !an /e e2tene #ith moi&i!ations as
reKuire. E2tening the <o/ is is!usse later in this !hapter.
<o e7cellon.cam
(he easiest #ay to generate rill ata is to use the pre9e&ine CAM <o/
e.cellon$cam, use #ith the CAM *ro!essor a &ile that !ontains rill ata an
the respe!ti,e rill ta/le #ill /e generate automati!ally. (his <o/ oes not
istinguish /et#een the layers Drills an Boles. =oth #ill /e output into a
!ommon &ile. 'sually all rillings #ill /e plate9through then.
*ro!ee as &ollo#sC
Start the CAM *ro!essor E&or e2ample 3ile/*AM 7rocessor menuF in
the Layout Eitor.
Loa the /oar into the CAM *ro!essor E3ile/;pen/EoardF: i& it has
not /een loae automati!ally uring the start seKuen!e.
Loa the pre9e&ine <o/ e.cellon$cam: e.g. #ith 3ile/;pen/Qob.
283
E2e!ute the <o/ #ith a mouse !li!8 on 7rocess Qob. $rill ata output
starts no#.
E.cellon$cam does not distinguish between plated&through drills and non&
plated&through holes)
(he &ollo#ing &iles #ill /e generateC
=-.drd Drill data
=-.dri *nfo file, for board "an!fact!rer,
if re?!ired
CA/ Processor: +enerate drill data #ith the e%cellon.ca" &ob
(he e&ault unit &or the rill ta/le is in!h. I& the rill ta/le #oul /e pre&erre
in Millimetres the e,i!e e&inition !an /e !hange in the &ile eagle$def. More
etails !on!erning this !an /e &oun in the se!tion 1nits for aperture and drill
tables: /eginning #ith page 299.
E.cellon$cam !an /e use &or multilayer /oars: as #ell as &or those #ith
=lin: =urie or Mi!ro ,ias. In this !ase se,eral rill ata &iles #ill /e
generate. See !hapter 9.1 &or etails.
284
9$3 Hui!; 4ui"e #or ?ata )utput
<o ,erer.cam
I& your /oar manu&a!turer !an not hanle E2tene Ger/er &ormat an
e2pe!ts Ger/er ata #ith a separate aperture &ile: use the <o/ gerber$cam.
(hese &iles !an /e !reate #ith the e,i!es %EREERA1!; an %EREER an
generates ata in -S9250$ &ormat.
>o# to pro!eeC
Start the CAM *ro!essor: &or e2ample: #ith the CAM *ro!essor i!on in
the Layout Eitor or #ith the 3ile/*AM 7rocessor menu.
Loa the /oar into the CAM *ro!essor E3ile/;pen/EoardF i& it #as not
loae automati!ally uring the start seKuen!e.
Loa the pre9e&ine <o/ gerber$cam #ith the 3ile/;pen/Qob menu.
"o# !li!8 7rocess Qob. EAGLE automati!ally generates si2 &iles #hi!h
you ha,e to pass on to the /oar manu&a!turer. %i,e Ger/er plot &iles
an one !ommon aperture ta/le.
In the &irst step an aperture ta/le U#$whl is generate. (#o messages
appear: #hi!h you !on&irm #ith )@.
(he le&t message is generate /y the entry in the 7rompt &iel: an
remins you to elete the temporary &ile U#$>>> !reate #hen generating
the aperture ta/le a&ter the <o/ is one.
(he message on the right a,ises you that more than one signal layer are
a!ti,e at the same time. "ormally only one signal layer is a!ti,e #hile
output is generate. >o#e,er: #hen generating the #heel: all the layers
nee to /e a!ti,e at the same time to &orm a !ommon aperture ta/le &or
the Ger/er output.
(he &ollo#ing &iles #ill /e su/seKuently outputC
=-.#hl Apert!re file A0heelB
=-.c"p Co"ponent side
=-.sol )older side
=-.plc )il( screen co"ponent side
=-.stc )older stop "as( co"ponent side
=-.sts )older stop "as( solder side
285
/essages in gerber.ca"

=-.KKK Te"porar file, please delete it
=-.gpi *nfo file, not needed here
9.6 )hich #iles do ( 1eed for m0 Board+
(he pre,ious part o& this !hapter tol you a lot a/out the /asi!s o& ata
generation an ho# to use pre9e&ine <o/ &iles &or e&ault t#o layer /oars.
In this se!tion you #ill &in a summary o& &iles usually generate &or /oar
manu&a!turing.
#iles /ist
(he output &iles o& the CAM <o/s i&&er in their &ile e2tensions. +ou are: o&
!ourse: &ree to use uneKui,o!al names o& your o#n.
(he CAM *ro!essor allo#s the use o& some pla!eholers &or the generation o&
output &ile names. 'sually the output &ile name !onsists o& the name o& the
/oar &ile plus a spe!ial &ile e2tension. %or the /oar &ile name #ithout
e2tension #e use the pla!eholer U#$ Write: &or e2ample: in the ;utput 3ile
&ielC U#$cmp$ (his #ill /e e2pane #ith the name o& the layout &ile that is
loae plus the e2tension EhereC boardname$cmpF.
In the &ollo#ing ta/le U# also stans &or the name o& the !urrently loae
/oar &ile that is use to generate manu&a!turing ata &rom.
7ile na"e )elected laers Description
)ignal laers
U#.c"p
9 Top, 9M Pads, 9G 4ias Co"ponent side AtopB
U#.sol
9F 'otto", 9M Pads,
9G4ias
)older side Abotto"B
*nner laers
U#.l:
: Ro!te:, 9M Pads, 9G
4ias
*nner laer :
U#.lD D Ro!teD, 9M Pads, 9G

4ias
*nner laer D
..... ..... .....
286
9$4 %hi!h Files "o < 9ee" #or m/ Doar"G
U#$l9; 9; Ro!te9;, 9M Pads,

9G 4ias
*nner laer 9;
)il( screen
U#$plc :9 tPlace, :; t-a"es,

possibl :8 Di"ensionA2B
)il( screen co"ponent
side
U#$pls :: bPlace, :F b-a"es

possibl :8 Di"ensionA2B
)il( screen solder side
)older stop "as(
U#$stc :H t)top )older stop co"ponent

side
U#$sts D8 b)top )older stop solder side

Crea" fra"e Afor )/T de$icesB
X".crc
D9 tCrea" Crea" fra"e
co"ponent side
X".crs
D: bCrea" Crea" fra"e solder
side
/illing conto!rs for openings, oblong holes...
X".'ill
EF /illing A22B Plated "illing conto!rs
X".di'
:8 Di"ension A22B -on6plated "illing
cont.
7inishing "as( Ae.g. gold coatingB
U#$fic DD t7inish 7inishing co"ponent

side
U#$fis DE b7inish 7inishing solder side

+l!e "as( Afor larger )/T de$icesB
U#$glc D; t+l!e +l!e "as( co"ponent

side
287
U#$gls DF b+l!e +l!e "as( solder side

Drill data
U#$drd EE Drills, E; ,oles All drillings

Disting!ishing plated fro" non6plated drillings
U#$drd EE Drills Plated drillings
U#$hol E; ,oles -on6plated drillings

ENF *lease !he!8 #ith your /oar manu&a!turer #hether you ha,e to output
the /oar !ontour in layer 20 in a separate &ile or you are allo#e to !om/ine
it #ith those layers.
ENNF I& there are aitional mille eges in the /oar: you shoul !onta!t
your /oar manu&a!turer an as8 them #hi!h layers they pre&er &or milling
!ontours.
Placeholders for 3utput #ile 1ame .eneration
=DP%%%Q
%%% stands for a string that is inserted onl into
the data file na"e
=E file e%tension of the loaded file, #itho!t the O.O
=, ho"e director of the !ser
=*P%%%Q
%%% stands for a string that is inserted onl into
the *nfo file na"e
=L laer range for blindIb!ried $ias
=-
na"e of the loaded file #itho!t path and
e%tension
=P
director path of the loaded 'oard or )che"atic
file
== the character O=O
!hese placeholders must be written in upper case letters)
288
9$4 %hi!h Files "o < 9ee" #or m/ Doar"G
Hints Concernin, #ile -7tensionsB
cmp stans &or !omponent sie: the upper sie o& the /oar: sol &or the soler
E/ottomF sie. It ma8es sense to !hoose the &irst t#o letters a!!oring the
a!ti,e layers. (he thir one !an /e c or s &or /elonging to !omponent or
soler sie.
)& !ourse you are &ree in naming your &iles in any manner you #ishP
7lease ensure when defining a Fob that the e.tensions of the output files
are uniZue and therefore distinguishable$
9.: Peculiarities of *ultila0er Boards
In !ase o& /oars #ith inner layers one has to 8no# ho# these layers are
e&ine in orer to generate proper manu&a!turing ata. Is it an inner layer
that !ontains tra!8s an polygons: as it is in (op or =ottom layer? )r is it a
supply layer that !an /e ienti&ie /y the M !hara!ter in &ront o& the layer
name?
(nner /a0ers
Inner layers are treate the same as the outer signal layers. (ogether #ith the
signal layer: the layers 7ads an Vias ha,e to /e a!ti,e.
I& the 2ayer "etup allo#s =lin an =urie ,ias: the !om/ination o& one signal
layer an the 6ias layer outputs only those ,ias that /elong to this signal
layer.
:f there is only the Vias layer active <no signal layer=, the *AM 7rocessor
will output all vias of the board)
2rill 2ata for *ultila0er Boards )ith Blind and Buried
9ias
(he CAM *ro!essor generates one rill ata &ile &or ea!h ,ia length &or a
layout that uses =lin an =urie ,ias.
(he rill ata &ile e2tension $drd is e2pane /y the ,ia length spe!i&i!ation. I&
there are: &or e2ample: ,ias &rom layer 1 to 2: the output &ile e2tension #ill /e
$drd$-4-@.
(he layer spe!i&i!ation !an /e mo,e to another position #ith the help o& the
#il!ar U2. Writing: &or e2ample: in the 3ile /o2 o& the CAM *ro!essor U#$
U2$drd results in an output &ile name boardname$-4-@$drd.
*as an trough9hole ,ias #ill /e #ritten into an output &ile #ith e2tension
$drd$-44,. I& you pla!e holes E>)LE !ommanF in the layout an the Boles
layer is a!ti,e &or output: the CAM *ro!essor #rites this ata also into the &ile
#ith e2tension $drd$-44,.
289
*ass on all these &iles to your /oar manu&a!turer.
*ro,ie you i not use the E4CELL)" e,i!e #hi!h !om/ines rill ta/le
an rill !oorinates in a !ommon &ile: your /oar house aitionally nees
the ra!8 &ile name$drl #hi!h is generate /y drillcfg$ulp$
9.6 Set 3utput Parameters
(his se!tion es!ri/es the setting o& the parameters in the CAM *ro!essor &or
the output o& a /oar or a s!hemati!.
Loa the s!hemati! or /oar &ile &rom the CAM *ro!essorHs 3ile/;pen menu:
an set the parameters.
(he CAM *ro!essor #ino# is i,ie into se!tions E;utput: Qob: "tyle: 2ayer:
;ffset an so onF. Some se!tions: li8e Emulate: !olerance: 7en or 7age: are
use /y an there&ore isplaye #ith !ertain e,i!es only.
CA/ Processor: )older side section of the gerber.ca" &ob
O!tp!t:
Sele!t the ri,er &or the esire output e,i!e or output &ormat in the
Device !om/o /o2.
Enter the output path an &ile name in the 3ile &iel or simply !li!8
onto the 3ile /utton an use its ialog.
I& you #ant to output a &ile on a parti!ular ri,e: pla!e the ri,e
ienti&ier or: i& appropriate: the path in &ront o& the &ile name ening.
%or instan!e: uner Wino#s: d:CU#$cmp #oul pla!e the &ile
boardname$cmp in the root ire!tory o& ri,e $. (his also applies to
290
9$6 .et )utput Parameters
the Linu2 ,ersion: so that: &or e2ample: /dev/hdc@/U#$cmp: #oul
pla!e the &ile on ri,e hdc@.
UB !an /e use as #il!ar &or the >ome ire!tory: U7 &or the loae
&ileHs ire!tory path.
I& output is to go ire!tly to a plotter: enter the name o& the print
Kueue that is !onne!te to the !orresponing !omputer inter&a!e in
'"C notation: e.g. CC"ervernameC7lottername.
$epening on the !hosen e,i!e it may /e as8e &or /heel Eaperture
ta/leF or Rac Erill ta/leF. Sele!t path an &ile /y !li!8ing the /utton.
Laer selection:
Sele!t the layers that shoul /e output into a !ommon &ile /y !li!8ing
the appropriate layer num/er.
Cli!8 the menu 2ayer/Deselect all to un!he!8 all the layers &irst.
2ayer/show selected isplays only the !urrently sele!te layers.
Some e,i!es Eli8e >*GL or !ertain plotter e,i!esF allo# you to sele!t
a !olor or pen num/er in an aitional !olumn.
)tle:
MirrorC Mirrors the output.
It !an /e use&ul to mirror all outputs that re&er to the /ottom
sie o& the /oar.
RotateC -otates the output /y 90 egrees.
1pside downC -otates the output /y 170 egrees.
When !om/ine #ith Rotate: the ra#ing is rotate
/y a total o& 250 egrees.
7os$ *oords$C A,ois negati,e !oorinate ,alues &or the output.
(he ra#ing #ill /e mo,e near the !oorinateHs a2is:
e,en i& it is alreay in the positi,e !oorinates range.
"egati,e ,alues !an lea to errors #ith a lot o& e,i!esP
(his option shoul /e set on al#ays /y e&ault.
S#it!hing it o&&: trans&ers the !oorinate ,alues &rom
the Layout Eitor un!hange.
JuicplotC $ra&t output #hi!h sho#s only the outlines o& o/<e!ts.
(his option is a,aila/le &or !ertain e,i!es: li8e >*GL
an ,arious plotters.
;ptimi(eC A!ti,ates the optimiIation o& the ra#ing seKuen!e &or
plotters. Shoul /e set on /y e&ault.
3ill 7adsC (his option is al#ays set on. )nly the e,i!es 7" an
E7" allo# you to s#it!h o&& this option. (he rill holes
&or pas #ill /e ,isi/le on the output Eas it is #ith the
*-I"( !ommanF.
Lob:
291
I& you are on the #ay to e&ine a CAM <o/ that !onsists o& se,eral
se!tions it is use&ul to name them. In the "ection line: it is possi/le to
enter a se!tion name #hi!h #ill /e sho#n also in the ta/ a/o,e.
I&: &or e2ample: you assign the se!tion name /heel: %enerate Aperture
3ile: only the title /heel is ,isi/le as a ta/ name. (he aitional
es!ription !an /e rea in the se!tion line. (he !olon ens the title in
the ta/.
In !ase you #ish to isplay a message /o2 on the s!reen /e&ore
e2e!uting this se!tion: enter spe!ial message te2t in the 7rompt &iel.
%or e2ampleC 7lease insert a new sheet of paper) (he output oes not
!ontinue until !on&irmation o& this message.
Offset:
$e&ine an o&&set in 2 an y ire!tion.
(he ,alues !an /e gi,en in In!hes or Millimetres: &or e2ample: 1>mm
or 0.>inch.
Tolerance:
(oleran!es &or Draw an 3lash apertures are ne!essary &or e,i!es that
use an aperture &ile: li8e %EREER or %EREERD@A. 'sually one allo#s a
toleran!e o& 1X in all &iels.
(his is ne!essary to !ompensate small rouning errors that !an arise
uring the !on,ersion &rom mm to in!h ,alues an ,i!e ,ersa as the
aperture ta/le is generate.
$e,i!es &or rill ata generation that use a separate rill ta/le Era!8
&ileF in,o8e a Drill entry. A toleran!e o& _ 2.1X is enough to
!ompensate &or rouning errors that possi/ly !an arise uring the
!on,ersion &rom mm to in!h.
E"!late:
I& an aperture #ith the e2a!t ,alue is not a,aila/le in the aperture &ile:
you !an allo# Aperture emulation. (he CAM *ro!essor is allo#e to
use smaller ra#ing apertures &or emulation. *lotting time an !osts
#ill in!rease: an there&ore you shoul try to a,oi aperture
emulation.
Ar!s #ith &lat enings EC>A"GE CA* %LA(F are al#ays emulate &or
Ger/er output: #hi!h means that they are ra#n #ith small lines.
Ar!s #ith roun enings EC>A"GE CA* -)'"$F: ho#e,er: not.
:f your layout contains obFects that are rotated in any angle, you have to
activate aperture emulation$ *ertain pad shapes must be drawn with a
smaller round aperture$
Page:
292
9$6 .et )utput Parameters
$e&ine the Beight an /idth o& the sheet you #ant to plot on. 6alues
are in In!hes /y e&ault. 6alues !an also /e gi,en in Millimetres: li8e
=MCmm.
Pen:
(he Diameter o& the plotting pen is gi,en in here. (he ,alue has to /e
in Millimetres.
%or plotters that support a<usta/le pen Velocity you !an e&ine a
,alue gi,en in !m?s E!entimetres per se!onF. "o ,alue here results in
a e&ault ,alue gi,en /y the plotter.
)heet:
Sele!t the sheet o& the s!hemati! you #ant to output.
9.7 &utomatin, the 3utput with C&*
Processor <os
2efinin, a 1ew C&* <o
A ;o/ !onsists o& one or more se!tions that allo# you to generate a &ull set o&
manu&a!turing ata #ith only a &e# mouse !li!8s. A se!tion is a group o&
settings: as es!ri/e a/o,e in the "et ;utput 7arameters !hapter: #hi!h
e&ines the output o& one &ile.
$e&ine a <o/ as &ollo#sC
Start the CAM *ro!essor.
"o <o/ is loae at &irst: unless there is a &ile !alle eagle$cam in the
!am ire!tory or an e2isting <o/ is !alle up automati!ally /y an
EAGLE pro<e!t &ile.
I& has not alreay /een one: loa the /oar &ile #hi!h you #ant to
e&ine the <o/ &or Ealso possi/le &or s!hemati!sF.
It is /est that you loa an e2isting <o/: &or e2ample gerb@O5.$cam:
through the CAM *ro!essorHs 3ile/;pen/Qob menu.
Sa,e this <o/ uner a ne# name #ith 3ile/"ave Fob$$. So the original
<o/ &ile remains un!hange.
Cli!8 the Add /utton.
(he !urrently a!ti,e se!tion #ith all its parameter settings is !opie
no#.
Enter a ne# es!ripti,e te2t in the "ection line.
I& you #ish to get a message sho#n /e&ore e2e!uting this se!tion:
enter a spe!i&i! te2t prompt in the 7rompt line.
Set all parameters no#C
Device: the layers &or the output: the output 3ile, a "cale &a!tor: i&
neee: the "tyle options EMirror: Rotate: 1pside down...F.
293
$e&ine &urther se!tions in the same #ay using i&&erent names.
2er/ i'portant1 %irst use Add to !reate a ne# se!tion: then set the
parameters.
$elete a se!tion: i& neee: /y !li!8ing the Del /utton.
Sa,e all the se!tions o& your ne# <o/ as a <o/ &ile uner a name o&
your !hoi!e #ith 3ile/"ave Fob$$.
All the se!tions o& the <o/ #ill /e e2e!ute automati!ally one a&ter another i&
you !li!8 the 7rocess Fob /utton. )ne spe!i&i! Ethe !urrently sho#nF se!tion
#ill /e e2e!ute i& you !li!8 the 7rocess section /utton.
(he Description /utton allo#s a es!ripti,e te2t o& the CAM <o/ that #ill /e
isplaye in the Control *anel.
-7tendin, ,erer.cam <o for *ultila0er Boards
(he gerber$cam <o/ !an /e use as the /asis o& the <o/ &or multilayer /oars. It
must simply /e e2tene &or the aitional inner layers.
E2ampleC
+ou #ant to output the &iles &or a /oar #ith SM$ !omponents on the top
an /ottom sies. (he /oar has t#o aitional inner layers. Layer 2 an
layer 11 #hi!h is name V**$
+ou nee sil8s!reen prints &or the upper an lo#er sies: soler stop mas8s:
an mas8s &or the soler !ream &or /oth sies.
=e&ore you start to !hange the CAM <o/ you shoul sa,e the <o/ uner a ne#
name through the 3ile/"ave Fob as$$ menu.
*ro!ee as es!ri/e in the pre,ious se!tion. (he CAM <o/ then !ontains the
&ollo#ing se!tionsC
-e# O!tp!t file )elected laers Description
H U#.KKK
9, :, 9;, 9F, 9M, 9G, :8,
:9, ::, :;, :F, :H, D8,
D9, D:
+enerate #heel file
.#hl
2 "odified laer
selection
U#.c"p 9 Top, 9M Pads, 9G 4ias Co"ponent side
U#$l:
: Ro!te:, 9M Pads, 9G
4ias
*nner laer :
U#$l9; 9; 4CC, 9M Pads, 9G 4ias *nner laer 9;
U#.sol
9F 'otto", 9M Pads,
9G4ias
)older side
294
9$7 3utomatin0 the )utput (ith 13+ Pro!essor Io&s
U#.plc :9 tPlace, :; t-a"es,
:8 Di"ension
)il(screen co"ponent
side
U#.pls :: bPlace, :F b-a"es
:8 Di"ension
)il(screen solder side
U#.stc :H t)top )olderstop "as( co"p.
side
U#.sts D8 b)top )olderstop "as( solder
side
U#.crc D9 tCrea" Crea"fra"e co"p. side
U#.crs D: bCrea" Crea"fra"e solder side
Che!8 on!e more #hether all the ne!essary layers &or the !reation o& the
aperture ta/le are a!ti,e in the &irst se!tion. (he output &ile generate in the
&irst se!tion !annot /e use. %or this reason: the &ile boardname$>>> shoul
/e elete.
3or inner layers, you always have to activate the layers 7ads and Vias)
-rror *essa,eB &pertures *issin,
I& the error message A7ER!1RE" M:"":#% \ #; 72;!3:2E BA" EEE#
7R;D1*ED appears a&ter starting the moi&ie CAM ;o/: the Ger/er in&o &ile
boardname$gpi !ontains in&ormation a/out the reason o& the pro/lem.
(he error !oul possi/ly /e not all apertures #ere e&ine or some !oul not
/e &oun in the ta/le ue to missing toleran!e settings.
Ensure all use layers #ere a!ti,ate in the %enerate a /heel file se!tion?
It !oul also /e the !ase that there are parts pla!e in any angle #ith pas
that onHt ha,e a roun shape in the layout. +ou ha,e to a!ti,ate the aperture
emulation then to ha,e a su!!ess&ul &ile !reation.
.erer (nfo #iles
(he CAM *ro!essor generates &or ea!h Ger/er plot &ile !reate an aitional
Ger/er in&o &ile #ith the e2tension $gpi. (his te2t &ile in&orms you a/out use
apertures: the ata &ormat o& the Ger/er e,i!e: a/out possi/le aperture
emulations or toleran!es: an so on.
I& you e&ine a <o/ &or Ger/er output #ith ata &iles that use the e2tensions
propose in the ta/le a/o,e: the in&o &ile #ill /e o,er#ritten #ith ea!h
su!!eeing se!tion.
295
I& your /oar manu&a!turer or your plot ser,i!e #ants to ha,e these
aitional in&ormation &iles Ethey are typi!ally not ne!essaryF: use the
U:]...^ pla!eholer as &ollo#sC
%or ;utput 3ile enter U#$...U:]$info^
>ere U# stans &or the /oar name: ... stans &or any !hara!ters &or the &ile
e2tension: U:]$info^ generates an aitional e2tension $info &or the Ger/er
in&o &iles.
(he output &iles generate #ill loo8 li8e thisC
Ger/er &ileC boardname$...
In&o &ileC boardname$...$info
E2ampleC
(he /oar "board.brd is loae. (he 3ile &iel !ontains =-.c"p=*P.infoQ.
(he output &ile is !alle "board.c"p: an the in&o &ile is name
"board.c"p.info.
(he &iles #ill /e #ritten into the same ire!tory as the /oar &ile is.
2rill 2ata .eneration with Separate 5ac! #ile
I& you pre&er rill ata in another ata &ormat: &or e2ample Sie/DMeyer 1000
or .000 E"M4---: "MA---F or the E2!ellon &ormat #ith a separate ra!8 &ile
EEH*E22;#DRA*'F: a rill ta/le is reKuire &irst.
2efine a 2rill Confi,uration E5ac!F #ile
(his &ile is usually !reate /y drillcfg$ulp E-'" !ommanF starte ire!tly in
the Layout Eitor #ino# an #ill /e name boardname$drl.
It is o& !ourse also possi/le to e&ine a rill ta/le #ith the ai o& a te2t eitor.
%or ata generation enter the ta/leHs path an &ile name in the CAM
*ro!essorHs Rac &iel.
E2ample o& a rill !on&iguration &ileC
T01 0.010
T0= 0.016
T0? 0.0?=
T0@ 0.0@0
T0> 0.0>0
T06 0.0C0
All imensions are gi,en here in in!hes. It is also possi/le to enter the ,alues
#ith their unit: e.g. 0.010in or 0.7mm. Comments in rill !on&iguration &iles
may /e use an are ienti&ie /y a semi!olon: #hi!h may stan at the start
o& a line or /e pre!ee /y a spa!e.
2efine <o for 2rill 2ata 3utput
Start the CAM *ro!essor
Loa the pree&ine <o/ e.cellon$cam: e.g. #ith 3ile/;pen/Qob.
296
9$7 3utomatin0 the )utput (ith 13+ Pro!essor Io&s
Change the output Device to EH*E22;#DRA*': "M4--- or "MA---
an !he!8 the parameters. Layers 00: Drills: an 01: Boles: must /e
sele!te onl/. "o other layersP 'se the 2ayers/show selected menu to
get a summary o& the a!ti,e layers.
I& you #ant to ha,e separate &iles &or plate an non9plate
rillings: sele!t here Layer 00: Drills: only an insert a &urther se!tion
that outputs layer 01: Boles: in a separate &ile #ith the Add /utton
a&ter the &ollo#ing item.
Che!8 #ith your /oar manu&a!turer to see i& this is the metho they
pre&er.
A&ter !hanging the output e,i!e the CAM *ro!essor reKuires a Rac
&ile as a tool guie. (ype in $drl or !li!8 the Rac /utton an !hoose
the path to your ra!8 &ile in the &ile ialog.
In the e,ent you #ish to istinguish plate an non9plate holesC
Add a ne# se!tion #hi!h outputs only layer 01: >oles: into a se!on
rill &ile #ith moi&ie &ile name. *ossi/ly $hol &or holes.
Sa,e the <o/ &ile ,ia 3ile/"ave Fob #ith a ne# name.
A tolerance of _ @$?U should be allowed for drill diameter selection in
order to compensate rounding errors that possibly can arise during the
conversion from mm to inch and vice versa in the drill table$
2rill (nfo #ile
(he &ile name$dri is generate #ith ea!h rill ata output. It !ontains the list
o& use tools an &urther in&ormation a/out the ata &ormat.
I& the error message DR:22" M:"":#% \ #; 72;!3:2E BA" EEE# 7R;D1*ED
appears: the in&o &ile !ontains in&ormation #hi!h rill iameter !oul not /e
&oun in the rill ta/le. A the missing iameter in the rill ta/le #ith a te2t
eitor or !he!8 the gi,en ,alues &or toleran!es.
(he in&o &ile is #ritten into the same ire!tory as the output &ile. +ou may
sen this &ile to your *C= manu&a!turer: i& reKueste.
9.C 2evice 2river 2efinition in ea,le.def
)utput e,i!e ri,ers are e&ine in the eagle$def te2t &ile. >ere you #ill &in
all the in&ormation that is neee &or the !reation o& your o#n e,i!e ri,er.
(he /est #ay is to !opy the /lo!8 &or an output e,i!e o& the same general
!ategory: an then alter the parameters #here ne!essary.
(he &ile eagle.e& !an /e &oun in the eagle?/in ire!tory.
Creatin, 4our 3wn 2evice 2river
*lease use a te2t eitor that oes not introu!e any !ontrol !oes into the
&ile.
297
-7ample 1B .ererEautoF device" *illimetre
Q+E#1E#_MM??R
Type 0 .hoto.lotter
,ong 0 [+er(er photoplotter[
$nit 0 [+01!&n-000000500000090=!&n[
#eset 0 [-000000500000090=!&nM0=!&n[
#es- 0 =>@00
#es5 0 =>@00
"heel 0 [[
Mo'e 0 [-V06d5V06d90=!&n[ % B)X yD
9ra6 0 [-V06d5V06d901!&n[ % B)X yD
8lash 0 [-V06d5V06d90?!&n[ % B)X yD
nits 0 mm
9ecimals 0 @
*perture 0 [Vs!&n[ % B*perture codeD
$nfo 0 [.lotfile $nfo2 &n[ &
[&n[ &
[Coordinate 8ormat 2 ?.? &n[ &
[Coordinate nits 2 1/1000mm &n[ &
[9ata Mode 2 *(solute &n[ &
[\ero Suppression 2 /one &n[ &
[End :f 1locJ 2 ! &n[ &
[&n[
Q+E#1E#*T:_MM??R
<+E#1E#_MM??
,ong 0 ["ith automatic 6heel file generation[
"heel 0 [[ % a'oids messageW
*uto*perture 0 [9Vd[% B*perture num(erD
8irst*perture 0 10
Ma)*pertureSiHe 0 =.0
-7ample 2B -8C-//31 2evice" 3utput with /eadin, Aeros
QE-CE,,:/-,\R
Type 0 9rillStation
,ong 0 [E)cellon drill station[
$nit 0 [VV&nM@E&nMC=&n[
#eset 0 [M?0&n[
#es- 0 10000
#es5 0 10000
%#acJ 0 [[
9rillSiHe 0 [VsCV0.@f&n[ % BTool codeX tool siHeD
*uto9rill 0 [TV0=d[ % BTool num(erD
8irst9rill 0 1
1egin9ata 0 [VV&n[
nits 0 $nch
9ecimals 0 0
Select 0 [Vs&n[ % B9rill codeD
9rill 0 [-V06.0f5V06.0f&n[ % B)X yD
$nfo 0 [9rill 8ile $nfo2&n[&
[&n[&
[ 9ata Mode 2 *(solute&n[&
[ nits 2 1/10000 $nch&n[&
[&n[
298
9$8 ?e6i!e ?ri6er ?e#inition in ea0le$"e#
%nits in the &perture and 2rill 'ale
When automati!ally generate #ith the %EREERA1!; ri,er: the aperture
ta/le !ontains ,alues in in!hes.
(his is also the !ase &or the rill ta/le #hi!h is automati!ally #ritten into the
rill ata &ile #ith the output e,i!e EH*E22;#.
I& your *C= manu&a!turer insists on mm units &or aperture siIes an rill
iameters: you !an a!hie,e this /y altering the %EREER or %EREERA1!;
respe!ti,ely &or the EH*E22;# ri,er.
'se a te2t eitor that oes not introu!e any !ontrol !oes to eit the
eagle$def &ile: loo8 &or the line
Q+E#1E#R
or
Q+E#1E#*T:R
an a?eit in this se!tion the lines
nits 0 mm
9ecimals 0 @
In orer to !hange the rill ta/le units loo8 &or the line
QE-CE,,:/R
an !hangeC
nits 0 $nch
to
nits 0 mm
9.9 .erer #iles for Photoplotters with #i7ed
&perture )heels
(his se!tion goes into more etail on the e&inition o& the aperture ta/le.
Some /oar manu&a!turers may perhaps still /e using a Ger/er plotter that
#or8s #ith a &i2e aperture #heel. In su!h a !ase it is ne!essary to aapt the
aperture ta/le to the restri!te &a!ilities o& the Ger/er plotter. %iles &or Ger/er
photoplotters #ith &i2e aperture #heels are generate #ith the GE-=E-
ri,er. It is essential to !on&er #ith your photoplot ser,i!e ahea o& time: so
as to a<ust EAGLE to the a,aila/le apertures. (he aperture ta/le has to /e
e&ine manually.
(here are ,arious types o& apertures. (hey i&&er in siIe an shape. (he most
!ommon are !ir!le: o!tagon: an sKuare. (he ra#ing aperture EDrawF use
&or tra!8s is normally a roun aperture.
+ou must spe!i&y the aperture !on&iguration /e&ore you !an generate &iles &or
a &i2e aperture #heel photoplotter. (o o this: enter the !on&iguration &ile
&or apertures name$whl e.g. #ith the EAGLE (e2t Eitor: an then loa this
&ile into the CAM *ro!essor /y !li!8ing the /heel /utton a&ter sele!ting the
GE-=E- e,i!e ri,er Esee "et ;utput 7arameters /eginning #ith page 290F.
299
2efinin, the &perture 'ale E)heelF
(he CAM *ro!essor istinguishes Draw apertures &rom 3lash apertures. (he
&irst type is use to ra# o/<e!ts Ee.g. tra!8sF. (he se!on type is use to
generate sym/ols Ee.g. pasF /y a light &lash. )nly i& ra# apertures are
e&ine !an the plotter ra# lines. (here&ore: i& the plotter oesnHt istinguish
/et#een ra# an &lash apertures: you must aitionally e&ine roun or
o!tagonal apertures as ra# apertures.
(he &ollo#ing apertures are a,aila/leC
Name
Dimension
9ra6
diameter
#ound diameter
SZuare length
:ctagon diameter
#ectangle length-- ) 6idth-5
:'al
diameter-- ) diameter-5
'se o& aperture shapes in the CAM *ro!essorC
9ra6
dra6s 6ires and emulates apertures
#ound
dra6s round pads and 'ias
SZuare dra6s sZuare padsX SM9s and 'ias
:ctagon dra6s octagonal pads and 'ias 6ith
the same -- and 5-dimensions
#ectangle dra6s rectangles and SM9s
:'al
dra6s pads 6ith different -- and
5-dimensions
Aperture !on&iguration &ile e2ampleC
90=0 round 0.00@
90??
round 0.0>M
90@0
sZuare 0.00@
90>=
sZuare 0.0>M
910>
300
9$9 4er&er Files #or Photoplotters (ith Fixe" 3perture %heels
o'al 0.0M0 ) 0.0?0
9100
rectangle 0.060 ) 0.0C>
9101
rectangle 0.0C> ) 0.060
9110
dra6 0.00@
9111
dra6 0.00>
(he $ !oe etermines the tool num/er: then &ollo#s the aperture shape
a&ter at least one /lan8 !hara!ter: then the imensions are e&ine. All ,alues
e&ault to in!hes: unless a unit is ae: &or e2ample 0.010in or 0.Emm.
Comments are mar8e #ith semi!olons at the /eginning o& a line: or #ith a
semi!olon &ollo#ing a /lan8 !hara!ter.
&perture -mulation
I& o/<e!ts e2ist in a ra#ing #hi!h is not !ompati/le #ith the a,aila/le
aperture siIes: it is possi/le to emulate the esire imensions /y sele!ting
the Emulate Apertures option. (he CAM *ro!essor then sele!ts smaller
apertures to emulate imensions #hi!h are not mat!he /y aperture siIes.
Emulation results in longer plot times an higher &ilm !osts: so it shoul /e
a,oie #hene,er possi/le.
(he &ile name$gpi ini!ates #hi!h apertures are emulate.
301
(his
page
has /een
le&t &ree
intentionally.
302
Chapter 10
&ppendi7
10.1 /a0ers and their %sa,e
(n /a0out and Pac!a,e -ditor
1 Top TracJsX top side
= #oute= $nner layer
? #oute? $nner layer
@ #oute@ $nner layer
> #oute> $nner layer
6 #oute6 $nner layer
C #outeC $nner layer
E #outeE $nner layer
M #outeM $nner layer
1= #oute1= $nner layer
1? #oute1? $nner layer
1@ #oute1@ $nner layer
1> #oute1> $nner layer
16 1ottom TracJsX (ottom side
1C .ads .ads Bthrough-holeD
1E 7ias 7ias Bthrough all layersD
1M nrouted *irlines Bru((er (andsD
=0 9imension 1oard outlines Bcircles for holesD !D
=1 t.lace SilJ screenX top side
== (.lace SilJ screenX (ottom side
=? t:rigins :riginsX top side Bgenerated autom.D
=@ (:rigins :riginsX (ottom side Bgenerated autom.D
=> t/ames Ser'ice printX top side Bcomponent /*MED
=6 (/ames Ser'ice printX (ottom s. Bcomponent /*MED
=C t7alues Component 7*,EX top side
=E (7alues Component 7*,EX (ottom side
=M tStop Solder stop masJX top side Bgen. autom.D
?0 (Stop Solder stop masJX (ottom side Bgen. *utom.D
?1 tCream Solder creamX top side
?= (Cream Solder creamX (ottom side
?? t8inish 8inishX top side
?@ (8inish 8inishX (ottom side
?> t+lue +lue masJX top side
?6 (+lue +lue masJX (ottom side
?C tTest Test and adKustment informationX top side
?E (Test Test and adKustment inf.X (ottom side
?M t4eepout #estricted areas for componentsX top side
@0 (4eepout #estricted areas for componentsX (ottom s.
@1 t#estrict #estricted areas for copperX top side
303
10 3ppen"ix
@= (#estrict #estricted areas for copperX (ottom side
@? '#estrict #estricted areas for 'ias
@@ 9rills Conducting through-holes
@> 3oles /on-conducting holes
@6 Milling Milling
@C Measures Measures
@E 9ocument 9ocumentation
@M #eference #eference marJs
>1 t9ocu 9etailed top screen print
>= (9ocu 9etailed (ottom screen print
(n Schematic" S0mol" and 2evice -ditor
M1 /ets /ets
M= 1usses 1usses
M? .ins Connection points for component sym(ols
6ith additional information
M@ Sym(ols Shapes of component s
M> /ames /ames of component sym(ols
M6 7alues 7alues/component types
MC $nfo *dditional information/hints
ME +uide +uiding lines for sym(ol alignment
!D 3oles generate circles 6ith their diameter in this
layer. They are used to place restrictions on the
*utorouter.
Layers !an /e use #ith their names or their num/ers. "ames !an /e
!hange #ith the LA+E- !omman or in the $IS*LA+ menu. (he &un!tions o&
the spe!ial layers remain.
I& you #ant to !reate your o#n layers: please use layer num/ers a/o,e 100.
'se the $IS*LA+ menu to !reate ne# layers E#ew /uttonF or type the LA+E-
!omman on the !omman line. I& you #ant to !reate: &or e2ample: layer
200: Remars: type inC
,*5E# =00 #emarJs
(o set up !olor an &ill style o& this layer use the $IS*LA+ !omman.
10.2 -&./- #iles
EAGLE uses the &ollo#ing &ile typesC
Name !"e o# #i$e
!.(rd ,ayout
!.sch Schematic
!.l(r ,i(rary
!.ulp ser ,anguage .rogram
!.scr Script file
!.t)t Te)t file Balso other suffi)esD
!.dru 9esign #ules
!.ctl Control parameter for the *utorouter
!.pro *utorouter protocol file
!.Ko( *utorouter Ko(
!.(]] 1acJup file of (rd after finishing
the *utorouter
!.cam C*M .rocessor Ko(
304
10$2 E345E Files
!.(P) 1acJup file of 1#9 B) 0 1..MD
!.sP) 1acJup file of SC3 B) 0 1..MD
!.lP) 1acJup file of ,1# B) 0 1..MD
!.(PP *utomatic (acJup file of 1#9
!.sPP *utomatic (acJup file of SC3
!.lPP *utomatic (acJup file of ,1#
EA+LE for Lin!% onl creates and recogniRes lo#er case characters in file
endingsJ
10.$ -&./- 3ptions at a .lance
In orer to output manu&a!turing ata: &or instan!e: #ith the CAM *ro!essor:
EAGLE !an /e starte ire!tly &rom a terminal #ino# uner Linu2 an Ma!:
or &rom a !onsole #ino# uner MS Wino#s.
Sin!e Wino#s programs gi,e up their !onne!tion to the !onsole they ha,e
/een starte &rom: you !an use the &ile eaglecon$e.e Elo!ate in the eagleCbin
su/ire!tory o& your installationF i& you #ant to run the CAM *ro!essor &rom
a /at!h &ile.
(his ,ersion o& EAGLE is e2a!tly the same as the eagle$e.e: e2!ept that it
oesnHt is!onne!t &rom the !onsole.
(ype eaglecon &P &or a list o& CAM *ro!essor options.
(he &ollo#ing options are permitteC
-* *ssem(ly 'ariant
-C E)ecute a gi'en E*+,E Command
-9))) 9ra6 tolerance B0.1 0 10 VD
-E))) 9rill tolerance B0.1 0 10 VD
-8))) 8lash tolerance B0.1 0 10 VD
-/G Suppress message prompts
-:G :ptimiHe pen mo'ement
-.))) .lotter pen Blayer0penD
-#))) 9rill racJ file
-S))) Script file
-))) ,ocation of eaglerc file
-"))) *perture 6heel file
--- E)ecute C*M .rocessor
-cG .ositi'e coordinates
-d))) 9e'ice B-d; for listD
-e- Emulate apertures
-fG 8ill pads
-h))) .age height BinchD
-m- Mirror output
-o))) :utput filename/channel
-p))) .en diameter BmmD
-Z- UuicJ plot
-r- #otate output M0 degrees
-s))) Scale factor
-'))) .en 'elocity
-u- #otate output 1E0 degrees
-6))) .age 6idth BinchD
-)))) :ffset - BinchD
-y))) :ffset 5 BinchD
WhereC
305
10 3ppen"ix
xxx stands for further dataX e.g. file name as 6ith
-" or a decimal num(er as 6ith -s.
E)amples2
-" /home/user/eagle/proKect/aperture.6hl
-s 1.=>
% 9efault for option is off
+ 9efault for option is on
E)ample2
-e *perture Emulation on
-eG ditto
-e- *perture Emulation off
8lag options Be.g. -eD can (e used 6ithout repeating
the F-F character2
-em *perture emulation onX mirror output
9efining tolerance 'alues2
$f there is no signX the 'alue applies to either directionX
+ signifies a positi'e toleranceX
% a negati'e tolerance.
-90.10 adKusts the dra6
tolerance to 10 V
-9G0.1 -9-0.0> adKusts the dra6 tolerance to
G10 V and -> V
:otes on the indi6idual optionsC
7A (peci!/ the na'e an asse';l/ 6ariant
Start the CAM *ro!essor E94F #ith this option in orer
to generate ata &or a spe!ial assem/ly ,ariant.
7C E-ecute a co''and
A&ter loaing an EAGLE &ile the gi,en !omman #ill /e
e2e!ute in the Eitor #ino#Hs !omman line.
See also help &un!tion: *ommand 2ine ;ptions.
7, ,ra$ +olerance 4..1 I 1. J51
$e&aultC 0
7E ,rill +olerance 4..1 I 1. J51
$e&aultC 0
7F Flash +olerance 4..1 I 1. J51
$e&aultC 0
7: (uppress 'essa#es1
(his option suppresses #arnings or other in&ormation in the !onsole
#ino# E$)S /o2: Linu2 !onsoleF. (hus CAM <o/s run #ithout
interruption. $e&aultC o&&
7? 3oute7?pti'i@in#C
With this option the route9optimiIing &or the plotter !an
/e turne on an o&&. $e&aultC on
306
10$3 E345E )ptions at a 4lan!e
7 lotter en 4la/erIpen51
I& you use a !olor pen plotter: you !an etermine #hi!h layer
is to /e ra#n in #hi!h !olor. E2ampleC 9*1O0 9*11O1
73 ,rill 3ack FileC
With this option you e&ine the path to a &ile #ith the rill
!on&iguration ta/le.
7( (cript File1
When opening the eitor #ino#: EAGLE e2e!utes the
eagle$scr &ile. (his option allo#s a i&&erent name or ire!tory
to /e sele!te &or the s!ript &ile. (he s!ript &ile is not rea /y
the CAM *ro!essor.
7< <ser (ettin#s File1
(his option !an /e use to e&ine the lo!ation o& the eaglerc &ile
#here EAGLE stores user settings. (he &ile !an ha,e any name.
In !ase you are #or8ing #ith EAGLE /eta ,ersions an you #ant to
8eep things separate &rom the o&&i!ial releases: you shoul start
EAGLE #ith this option.
7" Aperture "heel FileC
(his option e&ines the path to the #heel &ile #hi!h shoul
/e use.
7K Calls co''and line 6ersion o! the CAM rocessor
7c ositi6e Coordinates1
I& this option is set the CAM *ro!essor !reates ata #ithout negati,e
!oorinates. (he ra#ing is mo,e to the Iero9!oorinates.
(his option !an /e turne o&& #ith the option 9!9.
*lease /e !are&ul #ith this option: espe!ially i& you use mirrore
an rotate ra#ings: /e!ause negati,e !oorinates normally
!ause pro/lems. $e&aultC on
7d ,e6ice1
(his option etermines the output ri,er.
eagle -d; isplays a list o& the a,aila/le ri,ers
7e E'ulate Apertures1
I& this option is sele!te: apertures that o not e2ist are
emulate #ith smaller apertures. $e&aultC o&&
7! Fill ads1
(his option !an only #or8 #ith generi! e,i!es li8e *osts!ript.
$e&aultC on &or all e,i!es
7h a#e 9ei#ht 4inch51
*rinta/le region in the y9ire!tion Ein in!hesF. (he + ire!tion
is the ire!tion in #hi!h the paper is transporte. See also
the 9# parameter.
7' Mirror ?utput1
$e&aultC o&&.
7o ?utput File :a'e
307
10 3ppen"ix
7p en ,ia'eter E''D1
EAGLE uses the *en9iameter measurement to !al!ulate the
num/er o& lines reKuire #hen areas are to /e &ille. $e&aultC 0
7F Luick lot1
Generates a ra&t or &ast output: #hi!h only prints the &rames o&
the o/<e!ts. $e&aultC o&&
7r 3otate ?utput1
-otates the output /y 90 egrees. $e&aultC o&&
7s (cale Factor1
(hose e,i!es #hi!h !annot !hange their s!ale9&a!tor Ein the
menu o& the CAM *ro!essorF: ha,e a s!ale &a!tor o& 1. $e&aultC 1
7u 3otate ?utput ;/ 1%. de#rees1
In !om/ination #ith 9rS one !an rotate /y 250 egrees. $e&aultC o&&
76 en 2elocit/ in c'Bs1
(his option is &or pen plotters supporting i&&erent spees. (o sele!t
a plotterHs e&ault spee: use a ,alue o& 0. $e&aultC 0
7$ a#e "idth 4inch51
*rinta/le area in 2 ire!tion. See also 9h.
7- ?!!set K 4Inch51
(his option !an /e use to mo,e the origin o& the ra#ing.
$e&aultC 0
7/ ?!!set G 4Inch51
$e&aultC 0
E2ample &or starting eagle!on.e2eC
eaglecon %& %'ger(er %(aperture.6hl %o(oard.sol %D-0.1
name.(rd pad 'ia (ottom
(his generates a Ger/er &ile /oar.sol #hi!h !ontains ata o& the layers *as:
6ias: an =ottom. $ra# apertures may ha,e a negati,e toleran!e up to 10 X.
All parameters have to be written in a common line)
7aths that include space characters, must be set into single Zuotes)
10.6 Confi,uration of the 'e7t *enu
With the help o& a s!ript &ile Ee.g. menu$scrF you !an !on&igure your o#n te2t
menu.
308
10$4 1on#i0uration o# the -ext +enu
P Command Menu Setup
P
P This is an e)ample that sho6s ho6 to set up a comple)
P command menuX including su(menus and command aliases.
ME/ FQdesignlinJ==.pngR Search and order S&
+eneral 2 #un designlinJ-order.ulp -general% I&
Schematic 2 #un designlinJ-order.ulp% &
TF &
F+rid S &
Metric S &
8ine 2 +rid mm 0.1% I &
Coarse 2 +rid mm 1% &
T I &
$mperial S &
8ine 2 +rid inch 0.001%
I &
Coarse 2 +rid inch 0.1% &
T I &
:n 2 +rid :n% I &
:ff 2 +rid :ff% &
TF &
F9isplay S &
Top 2 9isplay /one Top .ads 7ias 9im% I &
1ottom 2 9isplay /one 1ot .ads 7ias 9im% I
&
.laceplan S &
Top 2 9isplay /one
t.lace 9im% I &
1ottom 2 9isplay /one
(.lace 9im% &
T &
TF &
F---F &
F8it 2 "indo6 8it%F &
*dd 9elete Mo'e F%F Edit Uuit &
%
(he /a!8slash ` at the en o& a line sho#s that a !omman !ontinues in the
ne2t line. >ere the ME"' !omman runs &rom the &irst line a&ter the
!omment to the last line.
(he pipe sign T has to /e use i& a !omman #ithin /ra!es a b is &ollo#e /y
another !omman.
(he ME"' !omman !an hanle small images as sho#n in the e2ample
a/o,e #ith designlin@@$png. (he images are e2pe!te to /e in the eagle/bin
&oler /y e&ault. It is also possi/le to use a path #ith the image name.
309
10 3ppen"ix
10.: 'e7t 9ariales
ex) *a+ia,$e Meanin-
A/*ME Component name
Be'entually G gate
nameD 1D
A7*,E Component 'alue/type
1D
A.*#T Component name =D
A+*TE +ate name =D
AS3EET Sheet num(er of a
circuit diagram
in the form ofX for
e)ample 1/? ?D
AS3EETS Total num(er of sheets
?D
AS3EET/# Current sheet num(er
?D
A*SSEM1,5_7*#$*/T /ame of assem(ly 'ariant
A9#*"$/+_/*ME 9ra6ing name
A,*ST_9*TE_T$ME Time of the last modification
A.,:T_9*TE_T$ME Time of the plot creation
1D :nly for pacJage and sym(ol
=D :nly for sym(ol
?D :nly for sym(ol or circuit diagram
All te2ts starting #ith the !hara!ter U: #ill /e interprete as pla!eholer
te2ts &or attri/utes. See A((-I='(E !omman.
10.6 3ptions for -7perts in ea,lerc
(he user9spe!i&i! &ile eagler!.usr &or Wino#s an .eagler! &or Linu2 an Ma!
stores ,arious settings e&ine uring the #or8 #ith EAGLE. Among them
you &in some e2pert settings that !an /e a<uste in this &ile ire!tly. (he
most important o& them are liste here.
Sin!e ,ersion 1.2 it is possi/le to !hange these parameters #ith the help o&
the SE( !omman in the !omman line. *lease see the help &un!tion a/out
the SE( !omman &or etails.
310
Te%t "en! fro" "en!.scr in the Lao!t Editor
10$6 )ptions #or Experts in ea0ler!
Chan,e Component 9alue )arnin,
Some users onHt #ant the #arning message a/out a part not ha,ing a user
e&ina/le ,alue: so this #arning !an /e isa/le /y appening the line
"arning..art3as/oser9efina(le7alue 0 [0[
to the &ile.
Consistenc0 Chec!
In orer to hanle =oar?S!hemati! pairs that ha,e only minor
in!onsisten!ies: the user !an ena/le a ialog that allo#s him to &or!e the
eitor to per&orm %or#arD=a!8 Annotation: e,en i& the E-C ete!ts that the
&iles are in!onsistent. (his !an /e one /y appening the lineC
Erc.*llo6ser:'errideConsistencyChecJ 0 [1[
72EA"E #;!E !BA! K;1 ARE D;:#% !B:" A! K;1R ;/# R:"')))
:f the files get corrupted in the process, there may be nothing anybody
can do to recover them$ After all, the ER* did state that the files were
inconsistent)
2elete )ire <oints
I& you a/solutely insist on ha,ing the $ELE(E !omman elete #ire <oints
#ithout pressing the Ctrl 8ey: you !an appen the line
Cmd.9elete."ireLoints"ithoutCtrl 0 [1[
to the &ile.
2evice 1ame as 9alue for all Components
Some users al#ays #ant to use the e,i!e name as part ,alue: e,en i& the
part nees a user supplie ,alue. (hose #ho #ant this !an appen the line
Sch.Cmd.*dd.*l6aysse9e'ice/ame*s7alue 0 [1[
to the &ile.
2isale Ctrl for 5adius *ode
I& you onHt li8e the spe!ial moe in #ire ra#ing !ommans that allo#s &or
the e&inition o& an ar! raius /y pressing the Ctrl 8ey #hen pla!ing the #ire:
you !an a the line
Cmd."ire.$gnoreCtrl8or#adiusMode 0 [1[
to the &ile. (his #ill turn this &eature o&& &or all !ommans that ra# #ires.
.roup Selection
Sin!e the !onte2t menu &un!tion on the right mouse /utton inter&eres #ith
the sele!tion o& groups: a group is no# sele!te #ith Ctrl plus right mouse
/utton. I& you #ant to ha,e the ol metho o& sele!ting groups /a!8: you !an
a the line
:ption.ToggleCtrl8or+roupSelection*ndConte)tMenu 0 [1[
311
10 3ppen"ix
to the &ile. (his #ill allo# sele!ting groups #ith the right mouse /utton only
an reKuire Ctrl plus right mouse /utton &or !onte2t menus.
/oad *atchin, #ile &utomaticall0
I& you ha,e a /oar an s!hemati! eitor #ino# open an loa another
/oar Eor s!hemati!F in one o& these #ino#s: an i& that other ra#ing has
a mat!hing s!hemati! Eor /oarF: EAGLE as8s #hether that other ra#ing
shall also /e loae. =y setting
:ption.*uto,oadMatching9ra6ing8ile 0 [1[
this Kuery #ill /e suppresse.
1ame of 1et" Busses" Si,nals and Pol0,ons
I& a net !onsists o& more than one segment: the "AME !omman /y e&ault
a!ts only upon the sele!te segment. In orer to rename the entire net set
Cmd./ame.#enameEntire/et1y9efault 0 [1[
(his parameter also applies to /usses.
I& a signal !ontains a polygon: an the "AME !omman is applie to that
polygon: /y e&ault only the polygon gets rename. Setting
Cmd./ame.#enameEntireSignal1y9efault 0 [1[
ma8es the "AME !omman a!t upon the entire signal /y e&ault.
3pen Pro=ect
(he automati! opening o& the pro<e!t &oler at program start Eor #hen
a!ti,ating a pro<e!t /y !li!8ing onto its gray /uttonF !an /e isa/le /y
appening the line
Control.anel.7ie6.*uto:pen.roKect8older 0 [0[
to the &ile.
Pannin, 2rawin, )indow
*anning !an /e one #ith the Ctrl /utton Eas in pre,ious ,ersionsF /y #riting
$nterface.seCtrl8or.anning 0 [1[
into the &ile. "ote: though: that the Ctrl 8ey is no# use &or spe!ial &un!tions
in some !ommans: so #hen using these spe!ial &un!tions Eli8e sele!ting an
o/<e!t at its origin in M)6EF #ith this parameter ena/le you may
ina,ertently pan your ra#ing #ino#.
Pol0,on -d,es as Continuous /ines
I& you onHt li8e the #ay unpro!esse polygons isplay their eges Eas
otte linesF: you !an a the line
:ption.9ra6nprocessed.olygonEdgesContinuous 0 [1[
(he eges o& polygons #ill /e isplaye as !ontinuous lines then.
312
10$6 )ptions #or Experts in ea0ler!
5eposition of the *ouse Cursor
"ormally EAGLE oes not automati!ally position the mouse !ursor. >o#e,er:
i& you pre&er the !ursor to /e repositione to the point #here it has /een
/e&ore a !onte2t menu in the ra#ing eitor #as opene: a the lineC
:ption.#epositionMouseCursor*fterConte)tMenu 0 [1[
%nits in 2ialo,s
(he automati! unit etermination in ialog input &iels !an /e !ontrolle /y
appening the line
$nterface..referrednit 0 [)[
to the &ile: #here \2\ !an /e
\0\ &or automati! unit etermination Ee&aultF
\1\ &or imperial units
\2\ &or metri! units.
10.7 -rror *essa,es
)hen /oadin, a #ile
5estrin, smaller than in older version
In EAGLE ,ersion prior 0.0 the pa iameter has /een &i2e in the *a!8age
e&inition. $ue to the gi,en ,alues in the $esign -ules the pa iameters
ha,e !hange.
*lease !he!8 an: i& reKuire: !hange the -estring settings. -un the $esign
-ule Che!8 in any rate to re!ogniIe possi/le !learan!e errors.
/irar0 o=ects with the same names
(he (e2t Eitor sho#s this message i& you attempt to loa an oler &ile E=-$
or SC>F that !ontains i&&erent ,ersions o& a li/rary element. In this !ase it
ae ^1: ^2: ^.... to the names o& the $e,i!es so that they !an /e
ienti&ie.
313
Pad dia"eter changed
10 3ppen"ix
(his message !an also appear i& you use C)*+ an *AS(E !ommans.
Pad" 9ia 5eplaced with a Hole
In oler ,ersions o& EAGLE it #as possi/le to e&ine pas in #hi!h the hole
iameter #as larger than the pa iameter. (his is no longer permitte.
I& you attempt to loa a li/rary &ile that #as !reate #ith an earlier ,ersion
an that !ontains su!h a pa: the &ollo#ing message appearsC
(he pa or ,ia is automati!ally !on,erte into a hole: pro,ie it is not
!onne!te /y C)""EC( to a pin in one o& the li/raryHs $e,i!es.
I& there is pa that has a !onne!tion to a pin Eit is e&ine in the li/raryF: the
&ollo#ing message appearsC
314
Update report: Ob&ects #ith the sa"e na"e
Update report: 4ia replaced #ith hole
10$7 Error +essa0es
In that !ase the Li/rary &ile must /e manually eite in orer to !orre!t the
pa. (hen you !an upate the /oar &ile #ith the ne# li/rary e&inition.
S!ipped unsuitale o=ects
I& this message is sho#n: #hile you are loaing a &ile or !opying o/<e!ts #ith
C)*+ an *AS(E &rom one &ile into another: the ata stru!ture !ontains
o/<e!ts that o not /elong to the !urrent &ile type an !anHt /e isplaye. %or
e2ample: a te2t or re!tangle that has a non9orthogonal angle an is pla!e in
a user9e&ine layer Ea/o,e 100F in the Layout eitor #hi!h shoul /e paste
into a s!hemati!. (he S!hemati! eitor oesnHt allo# non9orthognal angles
an there&ore !anHt isplay su!h an o/<e!t.
(his message !oul /e prompte as #ell: i& the &ileHs origin is one o& the &irst
EAGLE ,ersions. (he &ile !an /e use #ithout pro/lems ne,ertheless. (he
ata stru!ture is !leane up automati!ally #hile loaing it.
CanGt %pdate #ile
I& this message appears #hen loaing an EAGLE &ile that #as mae #ith a
,ersion earlier than 2.30 it is ne!essary &irst to !on,ert the &ile.
315
Update report: Pad replaced #ith a hole
Update error: 7ile older than $ersion :.F
10 3ppen"ix
(he program update@,$e.e: #hi!h is lo!ate in the eagle/bin ire!tory: is use
&or this purpose.
Copy the &ile that is to /e !on,erte into the ire!tory !ontaining /oth
update@,$e.e an the &ile layers$new. (hen open a $)S #ino# uner
Wino#s: an !hange into this ire!tory. (ype the !ommanC
update=6 dateiname.e)t
(he &ile is !on,erte: a&ter #hi!h it !an /e rea /y the ne# ,ersion o& EAGLE.
I& the !on,ersion is su!!ess&ul: the message in the $)S /o2 isC o$$.
I& the message 7lease define replacement for layer ... in layers$new shoul
appear: it means that you ha,e e&ine your o#n layers in
layout?s!hemati!?li/rary.
=e!ause o& the ne# layer stru!ture use sin!e ,ersion 2.3: a ne# layer
num/er Egreater than 100F must /e assigne.
(his reKuires you to eit the &ile layers$new using a simple te2t eitor: aing:
&or e2ample: a ne# layer num/er as the last line o& the &ile.
I&: &or instan!e: you ha,e use layer 11: an #ant to gi,e it num/er 101:
enterC
>> 10>
(n a /irar0
Pac!a,e>S0mol is in use
I& a *a!8age or Sym/ol is alreay use in a $e,i!e: no pas or pins #hi!h are
alreay re&eren!e to a pin or pa #ith the help o& the C)""EC( !oman:
may /e elete . In su!h a !ase EAGLE sho#s the &ollo#ing messagesC
=ut it is allo#e to C>A"GE or "AME su!h pins or pas. ItHs also possi/le to
a &urther pins?pas #ith the *I" or *A$?SM$ !omman an you are
allo#e to $ELE(E pins?pas #hi!h are not re&eren!e ,ia the C)""EC(
!omman.
(his message also appears: i& you try to remo,e the #hole *a!8age?Sym/ol
&rom the li/rary #ith the -EM)6E !omman. +ou ha,e to elete the #hole
$e,i!e or the *a!8age ,ariant or sym/ol in the $e,i!e /e&ore.
316
Error #hile editing Pac(age or )"bol
10$7 Error +essa0es
(n the C&* Processor
Pol0,on ma0 cause e7tremel0 lar,e plot data
(his message appears: i& you sele!te a layer in the CAM *ro!essor #hi!h
!ontains a signal polygon in the layout #hose line thi!8ness is less than the
resolution o& the sele!te output ri,er EDeviceF.
In orer to a,oi unne!essary large plot &iles you shoul assign a higher ,alue
to the polygonHs line #ith EC>A"GE #ithF.
(n the /i,ht" #reemium or Standard -dition
CanGt perform the reKuested action
(his message is sho#n i& the limits o& the Light: %reemium or Stanar
Eition are e2!eee. (his !an /e the !ase: &or e2ample: i& you #ant to pla!e
a part outsie the Layout siIe limits: i& you #ant to start the Autorouter: or
set parameters &or the %ollo#9me router: although there are parts outsie the
Layout limits: or you #ant to e&ine a not allo#e inner layer.
10.C -&./- /icense &,reement
-his li!ense a0reement EJ5i!enseJF is a le0al a0reement &et(een /ou EJ5i!enseeJ or
J/ouJF an" 1a".o#t 1omputer 4m&* o# Plei"ol#(e0 152 Pleis;ir!hen2 ?-845682
4erman/ EJ5i!ensorJ or J(eJF #or this E345E so#t(are pro"u!t EJ.o#t(areJF2 (hi!h
in!lu"es !omputer so#t(are an" an/ "ata supplie" (ith it Esu!h as ele!troni! manuals
or tutorialsF EJ?o!umentationJF$
317
Polgons #ith #idth 8
Light.)tandard li"its
10 3ppen"ix
DA 15<1K<94 )9 -*E JAE.J )B J34BEEJ D=--)9 DE5)% A)= 34BEE -) -*E
-EB+. )F -*<. 5<1E9.E E<915=?<94 -*E BE5E>39- .1*E?=5E. -) <-F
%*<1* %<55 D<9? A)= 39? 39A)9E %*) =.E. -*E 1)PA )F E345E
5<1E9.E? -) A)=$ <F A)= ?) 9)- 34BEE -) -*E -EB+. )F -*<.
5<1E9.E2 %E 3BE =9%<55<94 -) 5<1E9.E -*E .)F-%3BE -) A)=$ A)=
.*)=5? 9)- <9 -*<. E>E9- 15<1K -*E JAE.J )B J34BEEJ D=--)9 39? -*E
<9.-3553-<)9 PB)1E.. %<55 9)- 1)9-<9=E$ $
1$ 4B39- 39? .1)PE )F 5<1E9.E
1$1 <n !onsi"eration o# /our a0reein0 to a&i"e &/ the terms o# this 5i!ense2 the
5i!ensor here&/ 0rants to /ou a non-ex!lusi6e2 non-trans#era&le li!ense to use the
.o#t(are an" the ?o!umentation on the terms o# this 5i!ense$
1$2 -he terms on (hi!h /ou are li!ense" to use the .o#t(are 6ar/ a!!or"in0 to the
e"ition li!ense" to /ou$ Please see the .!he"ules to this 5i!ense #or an/ terms
appli!a&le to the .o#t(are e"ition li!ense" to /ou (hi!h are in a""ition to or amen"
those set out &elo($ -he .!he"ule rele6ant to the e"ition o# E345E li!ense" to /ou
Ein ea!h !ase the J3ppli!a&le .!he"uleJF (ill #orm part o# this 5i!ense$ <n the e6ent o#
an/ !on#li!t &et(een !on"itions 1 to 14 o# this 5i!ense an" the pro6isions o# the
3ppli!a&le .!he"ule2 the pro6isions o# the 3ppli!a&le .!he"ule (ill pre6ail$
1$3 Aou ma/:
EaF use the .o#t(are #or /our purposes onl/2 either:
EiF on one !omputer i# the 5i!ense is a sin0le-user li!ense or the .o#t(are is #or sin0le
useL or
EiiF i# the 5i!ense is a multi-user li!ense2 &/ the num&er o# !on!urrent users a0ree"
&et(een /ou an" us
pro6i"e" that2 in either !ase an" sa6e (here prohi&ite" in the 3ppli!a&le .!he"ule2
the .o#t(are ma/ &e installe" on more than one !omputer or #ile ser6er
simultaneousl/ pro6i"e" that it is not use" !on!urrentl/ on more than the num&er o#
!omputers #or (hi!h use is li!ense" in a!!or"an!e (ith EiF or EiiF a&o6e2 (hi!he6er is
appropriate$
E&F trans#er the .o#t(are #rom one !omputer to another pro6i"e" it is use" onl/ on the
num&er o# !omputers #or (hi!h use is li!ense" in a!!or"an!e (ith !on"ition 1$3 EaFL
E!F ma;e up one !op/ o# the .o#t(are #or &a!;-up purposes onl/2 pro6i"e" that this is
ne!essar/ #or the a!ti6ities permitte" un"er !on"ition 2$1L
E"F re!ei6e an" use an/ #ree supplementar/ so#t(are !o"e or up"ate o# the .o#t(are
in!orporatin0 Mpat!hesM an" !orre!tions o# errors as ma/ &e pro6i"e" &/ us #rom time
to timeL
EeF use an/ ?o!umentation in support o# the use permitte" un"er !on"ition 1$2$$
2$ 5<1E9.EEJ. =9?EB-3K<94.
2$1 Ex!ept as expressl/ set out in this 5i!ense or as permitte" &/ an/ lo!al la(2 /ou
un"erta;e:
EaF not to !op/ the .o#t(are or ?o!umentation ex!ept (here su!h !op/in0 is
in!i"ental to normal use o# the .o#t(are2 or (here it is ne!essar/ #or the purpose o#
&a!;-upL
E&F not to rent2 lease2 su&-li!ense2 loan2 translate2 mer0e2 a"apt2 6ar/ or mo"i#/ the
.o#t(are or ?o!umentationL
E!F not to ma;e alterations to2 or mo"i#i!ations o#2 the (hole or an/ part o# the
.o#t(are2 nor permit the .o#t(are or an/ part o# it to &e !om&ine" (ith2 or &e!ome
in!orporate" in2 an/ other pro0ramsL
318
10$8 E345E 5i!ense 30reement
E"F not to "isassem&le2 "e!ompile2 re6erse en0ineer or !reate "eri6ati6e (or;s &ase"
on the (hole or an/ part o# the .o#t(are nor attempt to "o an/ su!h thin0 ex!ept to
the extent that su!h a!tions !annot &e prohi&ite" &e!ause the/ are essential #or the
purpose o# a!hie6in0 inter-opera&ilit/ o# the .o#t(are (ith another so#t(are pro0ram2
an" pro6i"e" that the in#ormation o&taine" &/ /ou "urin0 su!h a!ti6ities:
EiF is use" onl/ #or the purpose o# a!hie6in0 inter-opera&ilit/ o# the .o#t(are (ith
another so#t(are pro0ramL an"
EiiF is not unne!essaril/ "is!lose" or !ommuni!ate" (ithout the 5i!ensorJs prior (ritten
!onsent to an/ thir" part/L an"
EiiiF is not use" to !reate an/ so#t(are (hi!h is su&stantiall/ similar to the .o#t(areL
EeF to ;eep all !opies o# the .o#t(are se!ure an" to maintain a!!urate an" up-to-"ate
re!or"s o# the num&er an" lo!ations o# all !opies o# the .o#t(areL
E#F to super6ise an" !ontrol use o# the .o#t(are an" ensure that the .o#t(are is onl/
use" in a!!or"an!e (ith the terms o# this 5i!enseL
E0F to in!lu"e the !op/ri0ht noti!e o# the 5i!ensor on all !opies Eentire or partialF /ou
ma;e o# the .o#t(are on an/ me"iumL
EhF to repla!e the !urrent 6ersion o# the .o#t(are (ith an/ up"ate" or up0ra"e"
6ersion or an/ ne( release pro6i"e" &/ the 5i!ensor un"er the terms o# this 5i!ense
imme"iatel/ on re!eiptL an"
EiF not to pro6i"e or other(ise ma;e a6aila&le the .o#t(are in (hole or in part
Ein!lu"in0 &ut not limite" to pro0ram listin0s2 o&7e!t an" sour!e pro0ram listin0s2
o&7e!t !o"e an" sour!e !o"eF2 in an/ #orm to an/ person Eother than2 in the !ase o# a
multi-user li!ense onl/2 su!h num&er o# /our emplo/ees or authorise" representati6es
as are permitte" to use the .o#t(are at an/ time un"er the terms o# this 5i!enseF
(ithout prior (ritten !onsent #rom the 5i!ensor$
2$2 -he 5i!ensor ma/ at an/ time reNuest /ou to pro6i"e a !erti#i!ate o# !on#irmation
o# /our !omplian!e (ith the terms o# this 5i!ense an" /ou (ill pro6i"e su!h !erti#i!ate
on reNuest$
3$ .=PP)B-
3s an/ support pro6i"e" #or the .o#t(are is pro6i"e" #ree o# !har0e2 (e pro6i"e onl/
su!h support #or it as (e see #it an" that support ma/ 6ar/ a!!or"in0 to the e"ition o#
the .o#t(are li!ense" to /ou$ -he extent o# support pro6i"e" Ei# an/F is "etaile" on our
(e&site or those o# our asso!iate" !ompanies$ %e reser6e the ri0ht to !han0e the
support pro6i"e" or the means &/ (hi!h it ma/ &e a!!esse" or remo6e the support
alto0ether at an/ time (ithout noti!e$
4$ <9-E55E1-=35 PB)PEB-A B<4*-.
4$1 Aou a!;no(le"0e that all intelle!tual propert/ ri0hts in the .o#t(are an" the
?o!umentation an/(here in the (orl" &elon0 to the 5i!ensor2 that ri0hts in the
.o#t(are are li!ense" Enot sol"F to /ou2 an" that /ou ha6e no ri0hts in2 or to2 the
.o#t(are or the ?o!umentation other than the ri0ht to use them in a!!or"an!e (ith
the terms o# this 5i!ense$
4$2 Aou a!;no(le"0e that /ou ha6e no ri0ht to ha6e a!!ess to the .o#t(are in sour!e
!o"e #orm or in unlo!;e" !o"in0 or (ith !omments$
4$3 -he inte0rit/ o# this .o#t(are is prote!te" &/ te!hni!al prote!tion measures E-P+F
so that the intelle!tual propert/ ri0hts2 in!lu"in0 !op/ri0ht2 in the .o#t(are o# the
5i!ensor are not misappropriate"$ Aou must not attempt in an/ (a/ to remo6e or
!ir!um6ent an/ su!h -P+2 nor appl/ or manu#a!ture #or sale or hire2 import2
"istri&ute2 sell or let #or hire2 o##er or expose #or sale or hire2 a"6ertise #or sale or hire
319
10 3ppen"ix
or ha6e in /our possession #or pri6ate or !ommer!ial purposes an/ means the sole
inten"e" purpose o# (hi!h is to #a!ilitate the unauthorise" remo6al or !ir!um6ention o#
su!h -P+$
5$ 5<+<-E? %3BB39-A
5$1 Further "etails as to the extent o# an/ (arrant/ appli!a&le to the e"ition o# the
.o#t(are li!ense" to /ou are as set out in the .!he"ule rele6ant to that e"ition$
5$2 .a6e as ma/ &e set out in the 3ppli!a&le .!he"ule2 (e ma;e no representation
or (arrant/ as to the suita&ilit/ or #itness #or purpose o# the .o#t(are2 (hether /our
purpose or an/ other an" re0ar"less o# (hether that purpose has &een "is!lose" to
us an" sa6e as a&o6e2 (e ma;e no (arranties or representations as to the .o#t(are
or the ?o!umentation or as to the per#orman!e2 a!!ura!/2 Nualit/2 !on"ition2
!ompleteness2 !omplian!e (ith statement or "es!ription o# either o# them an" all su!h
(arranties an" representations are ex!lu"e" to the #ullest extent permitte" &/ la($
5$3 Aou a!;no(le"0e that:
EaF the .o#t(are has not &een "e6elope" to meet /our in"i6i"ual reNuirements2 an"
that it is there#ore /our responsi&ilit/ to ensure that the #a!ilities an" #un!tions o# the
.o#t(are as "es!ri&e" in the ?o!umentation meet /our reNuirementsL an"
E&F that the .o#t(are ma/ not &e #ree o# &u0s or errors2 an" /ou a0ree that the
existen!e o# minor errors shall not !onstitute a &rea!h o# this 5i!ense$
5$4 <t is /our responsi&ilit/ to ensure that /ou ma;e re0ular an" #reNuent &a!;-ups o#
all "esi0ns2 #iles an" other (or; pro"u!e" (ith .o#t(are$ 3s set out &elo(2 (e !an
a!!ept no lia&ilit/ #or an/ loss o# "esi0ns2 #iles or other "ata$
6$ 5<1E9.)BJ. 5<3D<5<-A
6$1 9othin0 in this 5i!ense shall limit or ex!lu"e the lia&ilit/ o# either part/ #or "eath or
personal in7ur/ resultin0 #rom ne0li0en!e2 #rau" or #rau"ulent misrepresentation$
6$2 .u&7e!t to !on"ition 6$12 the 5i!ensorJs lia&ilit/ #or losses su##ere" &/ /ou arisin0
out o# or in !onne!tion (ith this 5i!ense Ein!lu"in0 an/ lia&ilit/ #or the a!ts or
omissions o# its emplo/ees2 a0ents an" su&!ontra!torsF2 ho(e6er su!h losses ma/
arise2 (hether in !ontra!t2 tort Ein!lu"in0 ne0li0en!eF2 misrepresentation or other(ise2
shall &e limite" as set out in the 3ppli!a&le .!he"ule an" shall in an/ e6ent ex!lu"e
an/ lia&ilit/ #or:
EaF loss o# in!omeL
E&F loss o# &usiness pro#its or !ontra!tsL
E!F &usiness interruptionL
E"F loss o# the use o# mone/ or anti!ipate" sa6in0sL
EeF loss o# in#ormation2 "ata or "esi0nsL
E#F loss o# opportunit/2 0oo"(ill or reputationL
E0F loss o#2 "ama0e to or !orruption o# "ataL or
EhF an/ in"ire!t or !onseNuential loss or "ama0e o# an/ ;in"
e6en i# su!h losses2 !laims or "ama0es result #rom the 5i!ensorJs "eli&erate personal
repu"iator/ &rea!h o# this 5i!ense an" all an" an/ su!h lia&ilit/ is here&/ expressl/
ex!lu"e" to the #ullest extent permitte" &/ la($
6$3 -his 5i!ense sets out the #ull extent o# the 5i!ensorJs o&li0ations an" lia&ilities in
respe!t o# the suppl/ o# the .o#t(are an" ?o!umentation$ <n parti!ular2 there are no
!on"itions2 (arranties2 representations or other terms2 express or implie"2 that are
&in"in0 on the 5i!ensor ex!ept as spe!i#i!all/ state" in this 5i!ense$ 3n/ !on"ition2
(arrant/2 representation or other term !on!ernin0 the suppl/ o# the .o#t(are an"
?o!umentation (hi!h mi0ht other(ise &e implie" into2 or in!orporate" in2 this 5i!ense2
320
or an/ !ollateral !ontra!t2 (hether &/ statute2 !ommon la( or other(ise2 is here&/
ex!lu"e" to the #ullest extent permitte" &/ la($
6$4 3n/ re#eren!e to loss or lia&ilit/ arisin0 out o# or in !onne!tion (ith this 5i!ense
shall &e "eeme" to in!lu"e an/ loss2 !laim2 lia&ilit/ or "ama0e arisin0 out o# or in
!onne!tion (ith the .o#t(are2 its a6aila&ilit/ or other(ise2 its per#orman!e2 opera&ilit/2
#un!tionalit/ or in !onne!tion (ith the loss o# an/ "esi0ns2 "ata or in#ormation or the
a!!ura!/ or 6ali"it/ o# an/ "esi0ns pro"u!e" usin0 the .o#t(are$
7$ -EB+<93-<)9
7$1 -he 5i!ensor ma/ terminate this 5i!ense imme"iatel/ &/ (ritten noti!e to /ou i#
/ou !ommit a material or persistent &rea!h o# this 5i!ense (hi!h /ou #ail to reme"/ Ei#
reme"ia&leF (ithin 14 "a/s a#ter the ser6i!e o# (ritten noti!e reNuirin0 /ou to "o so$
7$2 =pon termination #or an/ reason:
EaF all ri0hts 0rante" to /ou un"er this 5i!ense shall !easeL
E&F /ou must !ease all a!ti6ities authorise" &/ this 5i!enseL an"
E!F /ou must imme"iatel/ "elete or remo6e the .o#t(are #rom all !omputer eNuipment
in /our possession2 an" imme"iatel/ "estro/ or return to the 5i!ensor Eat the
5i!ensorJs optionF all !opies o# the .o#t(are then in /our possession2 !usto"/ or
!ontrol an"2 in the !ase o# "estru!tion2 !erti#/ to the 5i!ensor that /ou ha6e "one so$
8$ -B39.FEB )F B<4*-. 39? )D5<43-<)9.
8$1 -his 5i!ense is &in"in0 on /ou an" us2 an" on our respe!ti6e su!!essors an"
assi0ns$
8$2 Aou ma/ not trans#er2 assi0n2 !har0e or other(ise "ispose o# this 5i!ense2 or an/
o# /our ri0hts or o&li0ations arisin0 un"er it2 (ithout our prior (ritten !onsent$
8$3 %e ma/ trans#er2 assi0n2 !har0e2 su&-!ontra!t or other(ise "ispose o# this
5i!ense2 or an/ o# our ri0hts or o&li0ations arisin0 un"er it2 at an/ time "urin0 the term
o# the 5i!ense$
9$ 9)-<1E.
3ll noti!es 0i6en &/ /ou to us must &e 0i6en to 1a".o#t 1omputer 4m&* at
Plei"ol#(e0 152 Pleis;ir!hen2 4erman/$ %e ma/ 0i6e noti!e to /ou in a!!or"an!e (ith
the 3ppli!a&le .!he"ule$ 9oti!e (ill &e "eeme" re!ei6e" an" properl/ ser6e"
imme"iatel/ (hen poste" on the %e&sites or an/ o# them2 24 hours a#ter an e-mail is
sent2 or three "a/s a#ter the "ate o# postin0 o# an/ letter$ <n pro6in0 the ser6i!e o# an/
noti!e2 it (ill &e su##i!ient to pro6e2 in the !ase o# a letter2 that su!h letter (as properl/
a""resse"2 stampe" an" pla!e" in the post an"2 in the !ase o# an e-mail2 that su!h e-
mail (as sent to the spe!i#ie" e-mail a""ress o# the a""ressee$
10$ E>E9-. )=-.<?E )=B 1)9-B)5
10$1 %e (ill not &e lia&le or responsi&le #or an/ #ailure to per#orm2 or "ela/ in
per#orman!e o#2 an/ o# our o&li0ations un"er this 5i!ense or an/ una6aila&ilit/ o# the
.o#t(are that is !ause" &/ e6ents outsi"e our reasona&le !ontrol EFor!e +a7eure
E6entF$
10$2 3 For!e +a7eure E6ent in!lu"es an/ a!t2 e6ent2 non-happenin02 omission or
a!!i"ent &e/on" our reasona&le !ontrol an" in!lu"es in parti!ular E(ithout limitationF
the #ollo(in0:
EaF stri;es2 lo!;-outs or other in"ustrial a!tionL
321
10 3ppen"ix
E&F !i6il !ommotion2 riot2 in6asion2 terrorist atta!; or threat o# terrorist atta!;2 (ar
E(hether "e!lare" or notF or threat or preparation #or (arL
E!F #ire2 explosion2 storm2 #loo"2 earthNua;e2 su&si"en!e2 epi"emi! or other natural
"isasterL
E"F impossi&ilit/ o# the use o# rail(a/s2 shippin02 air!ra#t2 motor transport or other
means o# pu&li! or pri6ate transportL
EeF impossi&ilit/ o# the use o# pu&li! or pri6ate tele!ommuni!ations net(or;s or
E#F the a!ts2 "e!rees2 le0islation2 re0ulations or restri!tions o# an/ 0o6ernment$
11$ %3<>EB
11$1 <# (e #ail2 at an/ time "urin0 the term o# this 5i!ense2 to insist upon stri!t
per#orman!e o# an/ o# /our o&li0ations un"er this 5i!ense2 or i# (e #ail to exer!ise an/
o# the ri0hts or reme"ies to (hi!h (e are entitle" un"er this 5i!ense2 this shall not
!onstitute a (ai6er o# su!h ri0hts or reme"ies an" shall not relie6e /ou #rom
!omplian!e (ith su!h o&li0ations$
11$2 3 (ai6er &/ us o# an/ "e#ault shall not !onstitute a (ai6er o# an/ su&seNuent
"e#ault$
11$3 9o (ai6er &/ us o# an/ o# these terms an" !on"itions shall &e e##e!ti6e unless it
is expressl/ state" to &e a (ai6er an" is !ommuni!ate" to /ou in (ritin0$
12$ .E>EB3D<5<-A
<# an/ o# the terms o# this 5i!ense are "etermine" &/ an/ !ompetent authorit/ to &e
in6ali"2 unla(#ul or unen#or!ea&le to an/ extent2 su!h term2 !on"ition or pro6ision (ill
to that extent &e se6ere" #rom the remainin0 terms2 !on"itions an" pro6isions (hi!h
(ill !ontinue to &e 6ali" to the #ullest extent permitte" &/ la($
13$ E9-<BE 34BEE+E9-
13$1 -his 5i!ense an" an/ "o!ument expressl/ re#erre" to in it represents the entire
a0reement &et(een us in relation to the li!ensin0 o# the .o#t(are an" ?o!umentation
an" superse"es an/ prior a0reement2 un"erstan"in0 or arran0ement &et(een us2
(hether oral or in (ritin0$
13$2 %e ea!h a!;no(le"0e that2 in enterin0 into this 5i!ense2 neither o# us has relie"
on an/ representation2 un"erta;in0 or promise 0i6en &/ the other or &e implie" #rom
an/thin0 sai" or (ritten in ne0otiations &et(een us prior to enterin0 into this 5i!ense
ex!ept as expressl/ state" in this 5i!ense$
13$3 9either o# us shall ha6e an/ reme"/ in respe!t o# an/ untrue statement ma"e &/
the other2 (hether orall/ or in (ritin02 prior to the "ate (e entere" into this 5i!ense
Eunless su!h untrue statement (as ma"e #rau"ulentl/F an" the other part/Js onl/
reme"/ shall &e #or &rea!h o# !ontra!t as pro6i"e" in these terms an" !on"itions$
14$ 53% 39? I=B<.?<1-<)9
-his 5i!ense2 its su&7e!t matter or its #ormation Ein!lu"in0 non-!ontra!tual "isputes or
!laimsF shall &e 0o6erne" &/ an" !onstrue" in a!!or"an!e (ith 4erman la( an"
su&mitte" to the non-ex!lusi6e 7uris"i!tion o# the 4erman !ourts$
.1*E?=5E 1
1)9?<-<)9. 3PP5<13D5E -) -*E 5<4*-2 .-39?3B? 39? PB)FE..<)935
E?<-<)9. )F E345E E-)4E-*EB %<-* 39A )-*EB 1)++EB1<35 E?<-<)9
)F E345E <..=E? DA =. FB)+ -<+E -) -<+E -) %*<1* -*E F)55)%<94
.1*E?=5E. ?) 9)- 3PP5AF
322
1 Be#eren!e in this .!he"ule 1 to the .o#t(are is re#eren!e to the !ommer!ial e"ition
o# E345E li!ense" to /ou$
2 -he 5i!ensor (arrants that #or a perio" o# 30 "a/s #rom the "ate o# installation
EJ%arrant/ Perio"JF the .o#t(are (ill2 (hen properl/ use"2 per#orm su&stantiall/ in
a!!or"an!e (ith the #un!tions "es!ri&e" in the ?o!umentation Epro6i"e" that the
.o#t(are is properl/ use" on the !omputer an" (ith the operatin0 s/stem #or (hi!h it
(as "esi0ne"2 as spe!i#ie" &/ usF an" the ?o!umentation !orre!tl/ "es!ri&es the
operation o# the .o#t(are in all material respe!ts$
3 <#2 (ithin the %arrant/ Perio"2 /ou noti#/ the 5i!ensor in (ritin0 o# an/ "e#e!t or #ault
in the .o#t(are in !onseNuen!e o# (hi!h it #ails to per#orm su&stantiall/ in
a!!or"an!e (ith the ?o!umentation2 an" su!h "e#e!t or #ault "oes not result #rom /ou
ha6in0 amen"e" the .o#t(are or use" it in !ontra6ention o# the terms o# this 5i!ense2
the 5i!ensor (ill2 at its sole option2 either repair or repla!e the .o#t(are2 pro6i"e" that
/ou ma;e a6aila&le all the in#ormation that ma/ &e ne!essar/ to help the 5i!ensor to
reme"/ the "e#e!t or #ault2 in!lu"in0 su##i!ient in#ormation to ena&le the 5i!ensor to
re!reate the "e#e!t or #ault$
4 .u&7e!t to !on"ition 6$1 an" 6$2 o# the 5i!ense a&o6e2 the 5i!ensorJs maximum
a00re0ate lia&ilit/ un"er or in !onne!tion (ith this 5i!ense2 or an/ !ollateral !ontra!t2
(hether in !ontra!t2 tort Ein!lu"in0 ne0li0en!eF or other(ise2 shall &e limite" to a sum
eNual to the amount re!ei6e" &/ us &/ (a/ o# li!ense #ee #or the .o#t(are$
5 .u&7e!t to !on"ition 6$1 an" 6$2 o# the 5i!ense an" !lause 4 o# this .!he"ule 1
a&o6e2 the 5i!ensorJs lia&ilit/ #or in#rin0ement o# thir"-part/ intelle!tual propert/ ri0hts
shall &e limite" to &rea!hes o# ri0hts su&sistin0 in the =.3 an"'or 4erman/$
6 9oti!e in !onne!tion (ith this 5i!ense ma/ &e 0i6en &/ us to /ou at either the e-
mail2 #ax or postal a""ress /ou pro6i"e" to us or our representati6e at the time o#
or"er o# the .o#t(are or (here su!h in#ormation is 0eneri! an" not spe!i#i! to /ou &/
"ispla/in0 on our (e&site or that o# an/ o# our asso!iate" !ompanies or un"erta;in0s$
.1*E?=5E 2
1)9?<-<)9. 3PP5<13D5E -) -*E FBEE+<=+ E?<-<)9 )95A
1 -he Freemium e"ition reNuires a!!ess to the internet to operate$ -he !omputer on
(hi!h the Freemium e"ition is run must ha6e a!!ess to the internet on ea!h o!!asion
on (hi!h /ou laun!h E345E in or"er #or the Freemium e"ition to open an" operate$
Be#eren!e in this .!he"ule 2 to the .o#t(are is re#eren!e to the Freemium e"ition o#
E345E$
2 3ll li!enses o# the Freemium e"ition are #or sin0le use onl/$ -he Freemium e"ition
ma/ &e "o(nloa"e" to an" use" onl/ on the !omputer li!ense" to run the .o#t(are at
the time /ou a!ti6ate" the Freemium e"ition$$
3 -he Freemium e"ition is li!ense" #or use #or e6aluation or not #or pro#it purposes
onl/$ JE6aluationJ allo(s /ou to use the .o#t(are in a !ommer!ial en6ironment &ut
purel/ #or the purposes o# e6aluatin0 the #un!tionalit/ an" suita&ilit/ #or /our purposes
o# the .o#t(are$ J9ot #or pro#itJ allo(s /ou to use the .o#t(are #or personal use or in
the !ourse o# /our stu"ies i# /ou are in e"u!ation or #or an/ other not-#or-pro#it aim$ <n
no !ase must the .o#t(are &e use" in or"er to 0enerate re6enue E(hether "ire!tl/ or
&/ (a/ o# !osts sa6in0sF$
4 -his li!ense o# the .o#t(are is #or a perio" o# sixt/ E60F "a/s #rom the "ate o# its
"o(nloa" &/ /ou$ )n expir/ o# this sixt/ E60F "a/ perio"2 this li!ense an" /our ri0ht to
use the .o#t(are un"er it shall !ease an" the .o#t(are shall !ease to operate$ 3t that
time /ou shoul" "elete the .o#t(are #rom an/ !omputer onto (hi!h it is loa"e"$ Aou
ma/ appl/ to "o(nloa" an" &e li!ense" to use the Freemium e"ition un"er the terms
o# a separate li!ense &et(een /ou an" us at an/ time a#ter the expir/ o# this li!ense
&ut (e ma/ appl/ restri!tions as to the #reNuen!/ (ith (hi!h su!h "o(nloa"s ma/ &e
a6aila&le an" ma/ amen"2 re6ise2 supplement or remo6e those restri!tions #rom time
323
10 3ppen"ix
to time$ %e shall en"ea6our to pu&lish the terms o# those restri!tions on our (e&site
or those o# our asso!iate" !ompanies or un"erta;in0s or an/ other (e&siteEsF on
(hi!h (e ma;e the .o#t(are a6aila&le &ut shall ha6e no lia&ilit/ to /ou in the e6ent
that (e "o not "o so #or an/ reason an" #ailin0 to "o so shall not a##e!t the e##i!a!/ o#
those restri!tions$
5 Aou a!;no(le"0e that the .o#t(are is li!ense" to /ou #ree o# !har0e an" that
a!!or"in0l/ (e ma;e no representation or (arrant/ as to:
EiF the suita&ilit/ or #itness #or purpose o# the .o#t(are2 (hether /our purpose or an/
other an" re0ar"less o# (hether that purpose has &een "is!lose" to usL
EiiF the per#orman!e or #un!tionalit/ o# the .o#t(are2 (hether in a!!or"an!e (ith an/
statements ma"e2 materials pu&lishe" or the ?o!umentation or other(iseL
EiiiF the a6aila&ilit/ or #un!tionalit/ o# an/ ser6er or s/stem to allo( re0istration #or2
"o(nloa" or !ommuni!ation (ith the .o#t(areL
Ei6F (hether the .o#t(are in#rin0es the intelle!tual propert/ ri0hts o# an/ thir" part/
an/(here in the (orl"$
6 Aou #urther a!;no(le"0e that the .o#t(are (ill not operate (ithout a!!ess to the
internet2 su!h that the .o#t(are is a&le to !ommuni!ate (ith our ser6ers2 an" that it is
/our responsi&ilit/ to ensure that /ou ha6e su!h a!!ess at all times (hen startin0 the
.o#t(areL an" that that a!!ess is a"eNuate an" uninterrupte" throu0hout the start-up
pro!ess$
7 9oti!e in !onne!tion (ith this 5i!ense ma/ &e 0i6en &/ us to /ou at either the e-mail
or postal a""ress /ou pro6i"e" to us or our representati6e (hen re0isterin0 to re!ei6e
the .o#t(are or &/ "ispla/in0 su!h noti!e on our (e&site or that o# an/ o# our
asso!iate" !ompanies or un"erta;in0s or an/ other (e&siteEsF on (hi!h (e ma;e the
.o#t(are a6aila&le$
.1*E?=5E 3
1)9?<-<)9. 3PP5<13D5E -) -*E FBEE%3BE E?<-<)9 )95A
1 Be#eren!e in this .!he"ule 3 to the .o#t(are is re#eren!e to the Free(are e"ition o#
E345E$
2 3ll li!enses o# the Free(are e"ition are #or sin0le use onl/$
3 -he Free(are e"ition is li!ense" #or use #or e6aluation or not #or pro#it purposes
onl/$ JE6aluationJ allo(s /ou to use the .o#t(are in a !ommer!ial en6ironment &ut
purel/ #or the purposes o# e6aluatin0 the #un!tionalit/ an" suita&ilit/ #or /our purposes
o# the .o#t(are$ J9ot #or pro#itJ allo(s /ou to use the .o#t(are #or personal use or in
the !ourse o# /our stu"ies i# /ou are in e"u!ation or #or an/ other not-#or-pro#it aim$ <n
no !ase must the .o#t(are &e use" in or"er to 0enerate re6enue E(hether "ire!tl/ or
&/ (a/ o# !osts sa6in0sF$ -he Free(are e"ition ma/ also &e use" &/ a P1D
manu#a!turer to "etermine pro"u!tion "ata ne!essar/ #or the manu#a!ture o# a P1D
(here that P1D manu#a!turer has &een !ommissione" &/ the thir" part/ "esi0ner o#
that P1D to pro"u!e a P1D to that "esi0n on his or her &ehal#$
4 Aou a!;no(le"0e that the .o#t(are is li!ense" to /ou #ree o# !har0e an" that
a!!or"in0l/ (e ma;e no representation or (arrant/ as to:
EiF the suita&ilit/ or #itness #or purpose o# the .o#t(are2 (hether /our purpose or an/
other an" re0ar"less o# (hether that purpose has &een "is!lose" to usL
EiiF the per#orman!e or #un!tionalit/ o# the .o#t(are2 (hether in a!!or"an!e (ith an/
statements ma"e2 materials pu&lishe" or the ?o!umentation or other(iseL
EiiiF (hether the .o#t(are in#rin0es the intelle!tual propert/ ri0hts o# an/ thir" part/
an/(here in the (orl"$
6 9oti!e in !onne!tion (ith this 5i!ense ma/ &e 0i6en &/ us to /ou or &/ "ispla/in0
su!h noti!e on our (e&sites or that o# an/ o# our asso!iate" !ompanies or
un"erta;in0s$
324
(nde7
A
A
&ction toolar :0" :2
&ddlevel 26:
3l(a/s 2532 254
1an 253
+ust 2522 253
9ext 252
BeNuest 253
&irwire 22
1al!ulate 74
?ispla/'hi"e 74
&lias 9:
?eletin0 96
&lpha lendin, 10:
<8 66" 6$
&perture 297
&perture #ile 272
&ttriutes
?e#inin0 602 1252 248
For elements 126
4lo&al 125
&utomatic 1amin, 97
&utorouter 76
Da!;up 201
Dlin" 6ias 166
Dus router 188
1ontinue existin0 7o& 196
1ontrol #ile2 !tl 203
1ontrol parameter 196
1ontrollin0 188
1ost #a!tors 196
1utout pol/0on 193
?esi0n rules 189
Features 187
*ints 204
<n#ormation 201
<nterruption 201
5a/er sele!tion 192
5oa" settin0s 194
5o0 #ile 202
+emor/ reNuirement 191
+enu 194
+i!ro 6ia 201
+in$ "istan!e2 !learan!e 189
+in$ routin0 0ri" 187
+o"ule 34
+ultila/er &oar" 192
9et !lasses 189
)ptimi:ation 189
Pla!ement 0ri" 190
Pol/0on 199
Pol/0ons as suppl/ 200
Pre#erre" "ire!tion 1922 194
Bestartin0 196
Bestri!te" area 193
Bipup'Betr/ 200
Boutin0 0ri" 190
Boutin0 pass 189
.a6e settin0s 194
.ele!t si0nals 195
.in0le-si"e" &oar"s 204
.m"s an" suppl/ la/er 204
.tatus "ispla/ 201
.uppl/ la/er 1642 192
-ra!; (i"th 189
=nrea!ha&le .m" 1912 192
'
'
Bac!,round color 106
Bac!up files 66" $0$
Beep 10C
B.& -scape 5outin, 1:6
Bill of material 276
Blind via 22
Blind via ratio 1$C
Blind" Buried via 16:
Bmp file 100
Board
3rran0e !omponents 147
3ttri&utes2 0lo&al 149
1reatin0 145
1ut-out 259
1utouts 146
?esi0n Bules 134
?ra( outline 146
5a/er setup 136
5o!; !omponent 69
+ultila/er 163
+ultiple &oar" 182
Pla!ement 0ri" 145
Prior !onsi"erations 133
Huotation 271
325
<n"ex
Boutin0 manuall/ 152
Board *anufacture 271
Bule help 6C" :0
Buried via 22
Bus
En" automati!all/ 108
9amin0 1232 310
C
C
C&* <o
?e#ine "rill 7o& 294
?es!ription 292
Ex!ellon$!am 281
Exten"in0 0er&er$!am 292
0er&274x$!am 280
0er&er$!am 283
)utput parameter 288
C&* Processor C1
3ssem&l/ 6ariants 279
1hoose pen num&er 289
1omponent si"e 284
1ream #rame 285
1reatin0 "e6i!e "ri6er 295
?rill "ata 2732 286
EP. output 275
Error: 3pertures missin0 293
Error: ?rills missin0 295
Extremel/ lar0e plot "ata 315
File extensions 287
Fill Pa"s 289
Finish mas; 285
4lue mas; 285
*P45 100
<nner la/er 284
Io& 291
5oa" 7o& #ile 83
+illin0 !ontours 285
Plotter 289
Pos$ 1oor"s$ 289
Post.!ript 274
Prompt 283
.a6e time an" mone/ 279
.e!tion name 290
.il; s!reen 285
.ol"er stop 285
.tart 522 82
.tart #rom &at!h 303
-oleran!e 290
=91 notation 289
>ias 287
Caption 1C1
Circle
Fille" 255
Clearance 1$7
Cmd !e0 C9
Color
Da!;0roun" 48
.ettin0s 105
Command
3!ti6atin0 85
5an0ua0e 89
5ine 502 85
Parameters 51
-ext menu 307
-ool&ar 50
Commands
3?? 572 692 802 217
3B1 592 72
3..<49 612 872 103
3--B<D=-E 602 732 81
3=-) 74
D)3B? 522 145
D=. 602 123
1*394E 562 682 802 213
1<B15E 592 722 892 92
153.. 612 122
15).E 61
1)99E1- 802 2182 240
1)PA 212 552 672 263
1=- 212 61
?E5E-E 572 68
?E.1B<P-<)9 782 81
?<+E9.<)9 612 74
?<.P53A 552 662 95
?B1 742 157
E?<- 612 762 114
EB1 612 742 128
EBB)B. 752 158
EOP)B- 622 892 99
FB3+E 622 257
43-E.%3P 572 218
4B<? 52
4B)=P 562 68
*E5P 51
*)5E 732 862 255
<9F) 542 652 138
<9>)KE 582 116
I=91-<)9 602 119
53DE5 602 119
53AEB 622 302
5)1K 69
+3BK 552 672 265
+E39?EB 712 175
+E9= 622 103
326
<n"ex
+<BB)B 562 672 862 1492 258
+<-EB 582 70
+)>E 552 672 86
93+E 572 692 80
9E- 602 119
)PE9 62
)P-<+<PE 70
P31K34E 622 802 261
P3? 772 210
P3.-E 562 682 132
P<9 932 214
P<9.%3P 572 69
P)5A4)9 592 732 155
PBEF<O 802 219
PB<9- 622 179
H=<- 63
B3-.9E.- 74
BE1- 592 73
BE?) 53
BE+)>E 632 762 1142 269
BE93+E 772 269
BEP531E 572 692 151
B<P=P 712 153
B)-3-E 562 672 1482 264
B)=-E 712 152
B=9 53
.1B<P- 532 98
.E- 632 1032 308
.*)% 542 65
.<4935 73
.+3.* 582 702 1162 149
.+? 772 2102 229
.P5<- 582 70
-E1*9)5)4A 632 812 242
-EO- 592 72
=9?) 53
=P?3-E 632 1722 269
=.E 522 221
>35=E 582 702 802 219
>3B<39- 63
><3 732 862 171
%<9?)% 53
%<BE 592 71
%B<-E 64
Component
3"" #rom li&rar/ 57
3ttri&ute 126
1han0in0 -e!hnolo0/ 151
1op/in0 &/ ?ra0Q?rop 266
1reate s/m&ol 213
1reatin0 792 209
1ross-re#eren!e 255
?es!ription 213
Keepout 213
5a&elin0 212
5o!; 69
9ame 212
)n &oth si"es 149
)n &ottom si"e 2102 258
)utput list 99
Pa!;a0e e"itor 212
Pla!ement 0ri" in &oar" 145
Pre#ix 219
Bepla!e "e6i!e 151
Bepla!e pa!;a0e 150
Bepla!in0 57
Botation 147
.ear!hin0 114
.eparate name'6alue 582 70
=p"ate 172
>alue 582 702 212
Confi,uration
1omman"s 102
?imensions 74
ea0le$s!r 109
ea0ler!2 ea0ler!$usr 1112 308
5o!ation o# ea0ler! 305
o# E345E 102
=ser inter#a!e 103
Connector 2:$
Consistenc0
1he!; 612 742 1022 129
<n"i!ator 185
5oss o# !$ 183
Contact cross reference
R1)9-31-SOBEF 121
ROBEF 255
Conte7t menu 62" C6
1on#i0ure 103
Control Panel $9
)ptions menu 45
Control parameters 196
Coordinates
?ispla/ 502 552 67
Enterin0 91
+o"i#ier 93
Polar 922 265
Belati6e 922 265
.ele!t 0roup 93
Copper plane 1::
Cop0in, SCH>B52 1$1
Core 22" 16:
Cost factors 196
Cream mas! 16$
Cross reference
For !onta!ts 1212 255
For nets 602 119
327
<n"ex
.pe!i#/ #ormat 121
Ctrl !e0 C9
Current units 96
Cursor appearance 6C
Cutout;Pol0,on 166
D
D
2ata output C2
2ate>time stamp 2:7
2elete
3ll si0nals 99
%ire &en" 68
2esi,n 5ule Chec! 22" 76
3ppro6e errors 160
1orre!tin0 errors 157
Fonts 144
+eanin0 o# errors 160
Bestri!te" areas 144
.ho( errors 75
%ire st/les 163
2esi,n 5ules 61" 1$6
1learan!e 137
?e#inition 74
5a/er setup 136
)ptions 135
Bestrin0 138
2esi,nlin! interface 11C
2es!top Pulishin, 27:
2evice 2$
3ssi0n Pa!;a0e 218
3ttri&utes 248
Duil" ?e6i!e .et 237
1op/in0 266
1reatin0 217
?elete 76
?es!ription 220
?ri6er 295
E"itin0 762 78
4ate names 2182 238
Pla!ehol"er in name 238
Pre#ix 219
Bemo6e #rom 5DB 269
Bename 77
Bepla!in0 572 151
-e!hnolo0ies 242
>alue on'o## 802 219
2evice Set 2$
2ifferential Pair 176
2irectories 6:
2istance 1$7
2ocumentation 276
2ocumentation
Export ima0e 100
Print 211
2ocumentation field 2:7
2ra,D2rop $9
2raw lines :9
2rawin, area
3lias 96
?ispla/ last 53
Pannin0 53
2rawin, frame 116" 2:7
2rawin, name 2:7
25C 22
.ee ?esi0n Bule 1he!; 157
2rill 2$
?iameter 255
5e0en" 278
9on-plate" 273
Plan 277
Plate" 273
./m&ols 278
2rill data 27$
Dlin"'&urie" 6ias 287
1on#i0uration #ile 294
"rill!#0$ulp 294
Error: ?rills missin0 295
EO1E55)9 273
EO1E55)9SB31K 294
<n#o #ile 295
5ea"in0 :eros 296
+ultila/er &oar"s 287
Ba!; 294
.eparate ra!; #ile 294
.+1000 274
.+1000'.+3000 294
.+3000 274
-oleran!e 295
=nits 297
27f data e7port 100
E
E
ea,le.def 29:" 297
ea,le.dtd 21
ea,le.epf 112
328
<n"ex
ea,le.scr 109
ea,lecon.e7e $0$
ea,lerc" ea,lerc.usr 111" $0:" $0C
-dition
Freemium 36
5i0ht 37
Pro#essional 34
.tan"ar" 36
-lectrical 5ule Chec! 2$" 61" 12C
3ppro6e errors 129
-lectrical schematic 2::
-lectrical Schematic 121
-lon,ation 161
-ncapsulated PostScript 27:
-nvironment variale 6:
-5C 2$
-rror messa,es
13+ Pro!essor 315
1orre!tin0 157
?B1 - +eanin0 o# 160
File prior 6ersion 2$60 313
<n a li&rar/ 314
5oa"in0 a #ile 311
e7cellon.cam 296
-7clamation mar! 1C:
-7it pro,ram 66
-7pert options $0C
-7port data 9C
7
7
#iducials 279
#ile
Da!;up 303
E"it 61
<mport 132
5oa" .1*'DB? Nuer/ 310
9e( 43
)pen 442 52
Print 52
.a6e 52
#ilm .eneration 276
#i7in, hole 2:6
#ollow;me 5outer 2$" 20:
#ont
1he!;in0 1442 162
9o 6e!tor error 161
Persistent in "ra(in0 47
-/pe#a!e 592 72
>e!tor 47
#oridden area 1:2
#orwardDBac! &nnotation 2$" 102
1onsisten!/ in"i!ator 185
1onsisten!/ lost 183
#unction !e0s 61" C7" 10$
+
+
.ate 2$" 2$C
*i""en suppl/ 116
9ame 238
Pla!e parti!ular 58
.ateswap 126
.erer
Exten"in0 0er&er$!am 292
Fixe" aperture (heel 297
=nits 297
.erer device
B.-274? 272
B.274O 272
.erer output
3perture !on#i0uration 298
3perture t/pes 298
3r! 290
?ra( aperture 298
Emulate aperture 290
Emulation 299
Error: 3pertures missin0 293
Flash aperture 298
4EBDEB 283
0er&er$!am 283
4EBDEB3=-) 283
<n#o #iles 293
+essa0es 0er&er$!am 283
Besolution 272
%heel 297
%heel2 example #ile 298
.estures 67
.12 s0mol 267
.raphic format 100
.raphics data
<mport 101
.rid 96
3lias "e#inition 96
3lternati6e 0ri" 94
329
<n"ex
1he!; 144
+enu 94
+in$ 6isi&le si:e 109
Pa" pla!ement 210
.roup
?e#ine 562 68
+o6e 55
+o6e to sheet 55
Botate 264
,
,
Help function 6C" :1
Histor0 function C6
Hole 2$
?iameter 255
+in$ "iameter 137
H3*- variale 6:
H0perlin!s
<n "es!riptions 220
*
*
(mport 9C
(n;circuit tester 27:
(nner la0er 16$
(nstallation 2:
(nternet connection 11C
(nvalid Pol0,on 161
L
L
<o 2C$" 291
<unction
.et automati!all/ 108
5
5
?eepout 161" 21$
L
L
/an,ua,e settin, $1
/a0er
3&use 161
3lias "e#inition 95
36aila&le 103
1reatin0 62
?ispla/'hi"e 552 66
*i"e unuse" 103
<nner 163
Ht/$ o# si0nal la/ers 136
.etup 1362 1642 166
.ta!; 232 165
-hi!;ness 1372 167
=sa0e 301
/a0out -ditor $$" 66
/a0out -ditor
?es!ription 145
/en,th Balance 17:
/en,th tolerance 176
/irar0
3ttri&utes 248
1omposition o# /our o(n 268
1op/ elements 265
1op/in0 &/ ?ra0Q?rop 266
1reate ne( 223
?es!ription 221
?e6i!e !reatin0 217
?rop 115
<mportant !omments 22
5ist !ontents 99
)pen 62
)utput s!ript #ile 99
Pa!;a0e !reatin0 210
Pa!;a0e 6ariants 239
Bemo6e element 269
Bename element 269
.ear!h #or elements 114
.ummar/ 40
./m&ol !reatin0 213
=p"ate 172
=p"ate Pa!;a0e 269
=p"atin0 ol"er #iles 29
=se 412 52
/irar0 -ditor 7:
/icense
Exten"in0 29
+ultiple =sers 30
9e( <nstallation 25
/icense a,reement $1:
330
<n"ex
/i,ht edition $6
/ine 26
-/pe 71
/o,o import 101
/
/
*a,netic pads 1:$
*eander 17:
*enu
1on#i0ure -ext menu 307
1ontents parameter menu 104
*enu ar :0
*er,e SCH>B52 1$1
*essa,e
3utomati! !on#irmation 105
*icro 9ia
?e#inition 232 172
Bestrin02 "iameter 138
.et in .+? 172
*illin,
1ontour 259
1utout in &oar" 146
Protot/pe &oar" 274
*illin, machine 276
*ountin, hole 7$" 2:6
*ouse clic! 91
Bi0ht !li!; 93
*ouse !e0s 66
*ouse wheel Ioom 67
*ulti;channel device 1$$
*ultila0er oards 16$
4-5a/er 166
6-5a/er 168
8-5a/er 170
Dlin"2 Durie" 6ias 165
-hrou0h 6ias 164
>ia "ispla/ 166
-
-
1ame
3utomati! namin0 97
For&i""en !hara!ters 97
5en0th 97
1et 2$
1onne!tion point 60
1ross re#eren!e 602 119
9amin0 310
1et classes 122
1etlist 99
1etscript 99
O
O
3=ect
+o6e 552 67
Properties 542 65
.ho( properties 48
3lon, holes 2:9
3utput
?ra(in0 622 63
<ma0e 100
P
P
Pac!a,e 2$
3r&itrar/ pa" shape 259
3ssi0nin0 218
1han0in0 150
1op/in0 2632 265
1reatin0 ne( 6ariant 260
?elete 76
?elete 6ariant 262
?es!ription 213
E"itin0 762 77
<n use 314
9e( 77
Ba"ial pa" arran0ement 265
Bemo6e #rom 5DB 269
Bename 772 269
Bename 6ariant 239
Bepla!in0 69
Botation 264
.ear!h #or P$ 114
=p"ate in 5DB 268
>ariants 239
Pad 2$
3ppearan!e in E"itor 142
3r&itrar/ shapes 259
3spe!t ratio 141
3utomati! namin0 97
1han0e shape 213
331
<n"ex
?iameter 210
?iameter in inner la/er 140
?ispla/ mo"e 109
?ispla/ name in &oar" 1082 225
First 1412 224
Form 141
5a/er !olor 142
+a0neti! pa"s 153
)&lon0 hole 259
)##set pa" 141
Ba"ial arran0ement 265
Bestrin02 ?iameter 138
.hapes 224
.ol"er stop mas; 143
.top #la0 225
-hermals #la0 1432 224
Palette 106
PaneliIe oards 1C2
Pannin, :$
Parameter toolar :0" :2
Parts list 99" 276
Paste uffer 61
Paste from 1$2
Path specifications 6:
Pm file 100
P2# output 1C2
P,m file 100
Photoplotters 297
Pic!;and;place data 27:
Pin 2$
3utomati! namin0 97
1onne!tion point 1192 216
?ire!tion 215
Fun!tion 214
<n6erte" si0nal 235
5a&elin0 215
5en0th 215
9ame 216
)rientation 214
Properties 214
.ame names 245
.uperimpose" 131
.(ap 572 69
>isi&le 215
Pin>Pad connection 21C" 261
Pin>Pad list 99
Pinswap 126
Placeholder
For attri&utes 251
R1)9-31-SOBEF 1212 258
R?B3%<94S93+E 257
R43-E 252
R53.-S?3-ES-<+E 257
R93+E 2162 252
RP3B- 252
RP5)-S?3-ES-<+E 258
R.*EE- 257
R.*EE-9B 258
R.*EE-. 258
R>35=E 2162 252
Placeholder te7ts $0C
Plated;throu,h hole 7$
Pn, file 100
Polar coords. 26:
Pol0,on
1al!ulation on'o## 108
1utout 73
<n6ali" 157
<solate 156
9amin0 310
)rphans 157
)utline mo"e a#ter Batsnest 157
Pour 155
Ban; 156
Bestri!te" area 164
.pa!in0 156
-hermal !onne!tor (i"th 156
-hermals 156
%i"th 155
Postscript 1C2
PostScript 276
Power suppl0 126
Ppm ,raphic file 100
Prefi7 C0
Prepre, 26" 16:
Print out
?ate'time 258
?ra(in0 179
)ptions 181
Pa0e limit 181
P?F #ile 182
Printin, 62
Product information 69
Product re,istration 6C
Professional edition $6
Pro=ect
1lose 44
1reate ne( 422 112
?ire!tor/ 45
E"it ?es!ription 43
332
<n"ex
File2 ea0le$ep# 112
+an0ement 42
)pen re!ent p$ 44
Protot0pe *anufacture 276
Pro70 server 11C
R
R
5ac! file 26" 296
5atsnest 26
5e,istration 6C
5elative coords. 26:
5ela0 2:$
5epetition points 91
5estricted area 1:2" 2:6
5estricted area
1utout pol/0on 73
For !omponents 213
<nner la/er 1562 164
5estrin, 26" 1$C
5.B value 10:
5oundness 161
5uer and 22
)
)
Schematic
1he!;in0 128
1reate sheet 52
1reatin0 113
?elete sheet 63
?ra( nets 119
?ra(in0 #rame 114
?upli!ate se!tion 131
E"itor 33
4lo&al attri&utes 125
4ri" 114
+er0e "i##erent 132
+ore than one sheet 130
9e( sheet 114
Points to note 131
Bemo6e sheet 52
.heet pre6ie( 50
.heet pre6ie( on'o## 131
.ort sheets 131
>arious suppl/ 6olta0es 125
Script files 9C
1omments 99
"e#ault!olors$s!r 107
./ntax 88
Search in /iraries 116
Select factor 109
Selectin, o=ects 66
Serial numer 69
Sheet
?elete 114
+ax$ num&er o# 33
9e( 114
.ortin0 502 131
Si,nal 26
?i##erential Pair 174
?ispla/ name 152
5en0th 175
+easurin0 len0th 177
Sil!screen 211
S*2
3r&itrar/ shapes 259
3utomati! namin0 97
1ream #la0 230
?e#ine si:e 229
Parameter 210
Pla!ement 229
Boun" shape 229
Boun"ness 141
.ol"er !ream mas; 143
.ol"er stop mas; 143
.top #la0 230
-hermals #la0 1432 230
Snap len,th 109
Solder cream mas! 16$
Special characters 97
Standard edition $6
Status line :0
Stop frame 16$
Superimposed pins 1$1
Suppl0
3""le6el #or 0ates 253
3utoroutin0 suppl/ la/er 200
<n6isi&le pins 244
5a/er (ith pol/0ons 163
./m&ol 242 1252 247
>arious 6olta0es 125
>olta0es 244
Suppl0 la0er 20
Swaplevel :7" 126" 216
333
<n"ex
S0mol 26
1op/in0 265
1reatin0 213
?elete 76
?es!ription 216
E"itin0 762 78
<n use 314
5a&elin0 252
9e( 78
Po(er suppl/ 236
Bemo6e #rom 5DB 269
Bename 77
T
T
'echnolo,ies 262
'echnolo,0
1han0in0 151
'ermination
)# !omman" 54
'e7t
3li0nment 59
Dar o6er text 97
1han0e si:e 592 72
E"itor 83
Font 592 72
*-+5 text 213
<n !opper la/er 280
<n6erte" in !opper la/er 72
+enu 622 1032 307
+in$ 6isi&le si:e 109
Batio 212
.eparate #rom !omponent 149
.pe!ial !hara!ters 97
.pin #la0 147
=psi"e "o(n 1482 226
>aria&les 2572 308
>erti!al t$ 48
'hermal s0mol
<n pol/0on 1562 163
<n suppl/ la/er 142
'if ,raphic file 100
'itle ar :0
'ool tips :0
'rac!
Den" mo"e 154
?e!ompose 153
?elete all 68
+in$ (i"th 137
.et (i"th automati!all/ 108
.mooth (ire &en"s 154
'ree view
=p"ate 44
U
U
%1C notation $1
%ndo uffer 10C
%ndo>redo
list 53
%nsmash te7ts 70
%pdate
1he!; #or =p"ate 49
"esi0nlin;-l&r$ulp 118
%ser ,uidance 6C
%ser interface 66
%ser /an,ua,e 26" 101
%ser /an,ua,e Pro,ram
&om$ulp 276
1al!ulate millin0 !ontour 274
!am2"x#$ulp 182
!am2print$ulp 182
"esi0nlin;-or"er$ulp 118
"i#40$ulp 276
"rill-le0en"$ulp 278
"rill!#0$ulp$ 288
"x#$ulp 100
#a&master$ulp 276
0en!a"$ulp 276
5ist o# all 42
mill-outlines$ulp 274
mount$ulp 275
mountsm"$ulp 276
outlines$ulp 274
p!&-ser6i!e$ulp 271
route-&0a$ulp 154
.tart =5P 53
uni"at$ulp 276
4
4
9alue
Pla!ehol"er text in pa!;a0e 226
Pla!ehol"er text in s/m&ol 235
>$ #or ?e6i!e 242
>$ is al(a/s ?e6i!e name 309
%arnin0 309
334
<n"ex
9ariale
TE345E?<B 45
T*)+E 45
9ariant
1reatin0 ne( 260
?elete 262
=sin0 mo"i#ie" one 263
9ector font 67
1he!;in0 144
9ia 26
3ppearan!e in E"itor 142
Dlin" 165
Dlin" 6ia ratio 1382 172
Durie" 165
?iameter "ispla/ (ith <9F) 138
?iameter in inner la/er 140
5a/er !olor 142
5en0th 171
5imit 144
+i!ro 6ia 1662 172
Bestri!te" area 152
Bestrin02 ?iameter 138
.hape in inner la/er 141
.ol"er stop 144
-hermal s/m&ol 142
0
0
)heel file 26
)heel mouse 67
)indow
Fet!h into #ore0roun" 88
+enu 48
9um&er 48
.tore position 48
)ire 26
Den" mo"e 154
.t/le 71
X
X
8m ,raphic file 100
8*/ 21
8pm ,raphic file 100
85-# lael 120
S
S
Aoom factor limit 67
Aoom in>out :$
335

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EAGLE

EASILY APPLICABLE GRAPHICAL LAYOUT EDITOR

U#.lD D Ro!teD, 9M Pads, 9G

U#$l9; 9; Ro!te9;, 9M Pads,

U#$plc :9 tPlace, :; t-a"es,

U#$pls :: bPlace, :F b-a"es

U#$stc :H t)top )older stop co"ponent

U#$sts D8 b)top )older stop solder side

U#$fic DD t7inish 7inishing co"ponent

U#$fis DE b7inish 7inishing solder side

U#$glc D; t+l!e +l!e "as( co"ponent

U#$gls DF b+l!e +l!e "as( solder side

U#$drd EE Drills, E; ,oles All drillings

U#$drd EE Drills Plated drillings

U#$hol E; ,oles -on6plated drillings

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